An electrical cabinet

Abstract

The application discloses an electrical cabinet, which comprises a cabinet body, a heating assembly, a heat dissipation device and a liquid cooling unit, the cabinet body is provided with a containing cavity and a relatively closed protection cavity, the heating assembly is arranged in the protection cavity and comprises high-heat-emitting components and low-heat-emitting components, the heat dissipation device is arranged in the protection cavity and comprises a liquid cooling plate and an air-liquid heat exchanger, the liquid cooling plate is used for dissipating heat for the high-heat-emitting components, the air-liquid heat exchanger is provided with air passing channels and cooling liquid flow channels which are in heat exchange with each other, the air passing channels are provided with cold air outlets for conveying cold air to the protection cavity and hot air outlets for recovering hot air from the protection cavity, and the liquid cooling unit is arranged in the containing cavity and is provided with a liquid supply opening and a liquid return opening, the cooling liquid flow channels of the liquid cooling plate and the cooling liquid flow channels of the air-liquid heat exchanger are in communication with the liquid supply opening and the liquid return opening. The electrical cabinet has the advantages that the protection cavity in the cabinet body has good protection performance, the heat dissipation efficiency of the heating assembly in the protection cavity is high, and the protection cavity is not easy to condense.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical technology, and more specifically to an electrical cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical cabinets such as photovoltaic inverters and energy storage converters typically include IGBT power modules and capacitor modules. Both IGBT power modules and capacitor modules have high requirements for heat dissipation and protection, with IGBTs generating particularly significant heat. Existing technologies are described in patent CN111465289A. Figure 1 The second air duct 25 is vertically integrated within the high-heat area 22, primarily for independent heat dissipation of the inverter module 5, which has high protection requirements and generates a large amount of heat. The inverter module 5 receives heat through the second air duct 25 and also receives auxiliary heat dissipation through the heat exchanger 4, ensuring effective heat dissipation for the high-heat inverter module 5. Simultaneously, the heat exchanger 4, as an auxiliary heat dissipation device, further enhances the heat dissipation effect within the entire main protection area 2, building upon the independent heat dissipation provided by the first air duct 24 and the second air duct 25. Capacitor busbar module 6 ( Figure 1 The right side of section 6 (labeled 6) is cooled by a heat exchanger 4 and a turbulence fan 10. The outlet of the turbulence fan 10 is positioned directly opposite the capacitor busbar module 6. The air from the turbulence fan 10 passes through the capacitor busbar module 6 and is then circulated and cooled by the heat exchanger 4. The reactor module 8 is located at the bottom of the cabinet, directly below the air inlet of the first air duct 24. The cold airflow passes through the reactor module 8, carrying away heat, and is then discharged from the cabinet 1 through the first air duct 24. In this scheme, both the inverter module and the capacitor module use air cooling, resulting in poor protection. Furthermore, the second air duct 25 occupies the cold air from the heat exchanger 4, causing the temperature of the cold air blown towards the main protection area 2 to rise after passing through the second air duct, which is detrimental to the heat dissipation of other components within the main protection area 2. The first air duct 24, used for heat dissipation of the reactor module 8, extends into the main protection area. Because the wall of the first air duct 24 can be made of sheet metal with good thermal conductivity, its sealing level is poor, resulting in air leakage. Furthermore, the heat from the reactor 8 is radiated through the wall of the first air duct 24 into the main protection area, raising the temperature of the main protection area 2. In addition, this structure results in a low temperature inside the electrical cabinet when the electrical components are not operating. However, when the external temperature changes significantly, condensation will form inside the electrical cabinet due to the temperature difference, affecting the electrical components inside. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects or problems in the prior art and to provide an electrical cabinet with a protective cavity inside the cabinet that provides good protection, high heat dissipation efficiency of the heating components inside the protective cavity, and resistance to condensation in the protective cavity.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present application and its preferred embodiments adopt the following technical solutions, but the embodiments are not limited to the following solutions:

[0005] Technical solution one, an electrical cabinet, comprising a cabinet body provided with a containing cavity and a relatively closed protection cavity; a heat generating component disposed in the protection cavity and comprising a high heat generating part and a low heat generating part; a heat dissipation device disposed in the protection cavity and comprising a liquid cooling plate and an air-liquid heat exchanger, the liquid cooling plate being used for dissipating heat for the high heat generating part, the air-liquid heat exchanger being provided with a through air duct and a cooling liquid flow channel in heat exchange with each other, the through air duct being provided with a cold air outlet for delivering cold air to the protection cavity and a hot air outlet for recovering hot air from the protection cavity; and a liquid cooling unit disposed in the containing cavity, provided with a liquid supply port and a liquid return port, the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger both being in communication with the liquid supply port and the liquid return port.

[0006] Based on technical solution one, technical solution two is also provided, in which the high heat generating part is a power module; the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are connected in series between the liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the liquid cooling unit, and the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate is located upstream of the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger.

[0007] Based on technical solution one, technical solution three is also provided, in which the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are connected in series between the liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the liquid cooling unit, and the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate is located downstream of the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger.

[0008] Based on technical solution one, technical solution four is also provided, in which the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are connected in parallel between the liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the liquid cooling unit.

[0009] Based on technical solution four, technical solution five is also provided, in which a flow distribution valve is provided at the liquid supply port of the liquid cooling unit to adjust the flow of the cooling liquid into the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger.

[0010] Based on technical solutions one to five, technical solution six is also provided, in which the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger comprises at least two parallel cooling liquid branches; each cooling liquid branch is adapted to exchange heat with the through air duct.

[0011] Based on technical solution one, technical solution seven is also provided, in which the air-liquid heat exchanger of the heat dissipation device is defined as a first air-liquid heat exchanger, the liquid cooling unit comprises a second air-liquid heat exchanger and a fan module, the second air-liquid heat exchanger is provided with the liquid supply port and the liquid return port; the containing cavity is located at the top of the cabinet body and is provided with a main air inlet and an air outlet, the fan module is used to drive air flow from the main air inlet to the second air-liquid heat exchanger and then to the air outlet.

[0012] According to the seventh technical solution, the eighth technical solution is further provided. In the eighth technical solution, an air exhaust fan with an axis parallel to the first direction is arranged at the hot air outlet; the high-heat-generating component is a power module; the low-heat-generating component includes a direct-current electrical component and a capacitor module; the direct-current electrical component is away from the first air-to-liquid heat exchanger along the first direction; the capacitor module is located between the direct-current electrical component and the first air-to-liquid heat exchanger along the first direction; the capacitor module includes an electrical plate component in a plate-shaped structure and adapted to carry a plurality of capacitors; the electrical plate component extends along the first direction and separates the protection cavity into a first air passing region corresponding to the cold air outlet and a second air passing region corresponding to the hot air outlet; the capacitors are located in the first air passing region, and the cold air outlet is adapted to make the air flow pass through the capacitor module and be guided to the direct-current electrical component through the capacitor module.

[0013] According to the eighth technical solution, the ninth technical solution is further provided. In the ninth technical solution, the first air-to-liquid heat exchanger extends along a vertical direction, and the bottom and both sides thereof along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction form the cold air outlet; the hot air outlet is at least two, each hot air outlet is arranged along the vertical direction and faces the capacitor module; the first direction and the second direction are both horizontal directions; and the electrical plate component is horizontally arranged, and the first air passing region is located below the electrical plate component.

[0014] According to the ninth technical solution, the tenth technical solution is further provided. In the tenth technical solution, the cabinet body is arranged with a first side wall and a second side wall parallel to and opposite to each other along the first direction; the main air inlet is arranged on the first side wall, and the air outlet is arranged on the top of the cabinet body and close to the second side wall; the first air-to-liquid heat exchanger is arranged on the inner surface of the second side wall; the low-heat-generating component further includes an alternating-current electrical component; the direct-current electrical component is close to the first side wall, the alternating-current electrical component is close to the second side wall and located below the first air-to-liquid heat exchanger, the capacitor module is located below the high-heat-generating component, and the electrical plate component is opposite to the liquid cooling plate portion and forms an air passing gap.

[0015] From the above description of the present application and its preferred embodiments, compared with the prior art, the technical solutions and preferred embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects due to the use of the following technical means:

[0016] Through continuous observation, experiment and research, the applicant knows that in the prior art, the reason for causing the technical problems of "poor protection of the main protection area, low heat dissipation efficiency and easy condensation" is that the components in the main protection area completely adopt air cooling for heat dissipation, and the unreasonable layout of the electrical components causes the heat of the external electrical components to be conducted into the protection area.

[0017] In the technical solution one, the electrical components in the protection cavity are mainly cooled by liquid cooling, wherein the high heat generating components are cooled by liquid cooling plates, that is, liquid cooling, and the low heat generating components are cooled by the cold air of the air-liquid heat exchanger, that is, air cooling, and the liquid cooling and air cooling are combined, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat generating assembly is high, and at the same time, the liquid cooling unit exchanges heat with the liquid cooling plate and the air-liquid heat exchanger, and the liquid cooling unit is located outside the protection cavity, so that the internal circulation cooling is only in the protection cavity, and the external circulation cooling is performed outside the protection cavity, which can improve the protection performance of the protection cavity. It should be understood that the relative sealing of the protection cavity in this solution means that there is no air duct penetrating through the protection cavity that may leak air, so that there is enough space in the protection cavity for the heat generating assembly to be installed, so that the heat generating assembly is not easily affected by the heat radiation of other electrical components, and the layout that is most beneficial to heat dissipation can be formed, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat generating assembly. It can be seen that the heat of the heat generating assembly is mainly taken away by the liquid cooling unit, so that the heat of the electrical cabinet is mainly concentrated in the accommodating cavity where the liquid cooling unit is located, rather than in the protection cavity, and the heat dissipation of the liquid cooling unit is relatively easy to control, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire electrical cabinet. The air passage and the cooling liquid flow passage of the air-liquid heat exchanger exchange heat, so that the liquid cooling unit can transport and recover the cooling liquid to the liquid cooling plate, and can also cool the air passage, so that the cooling liquid of the liquid cooling unit is fully utilized. Compared with the air heat exchanger, the air-liquid heat exchanger does not need to set up an external circulation air duct to exchange heat with the air passage, is not easy to be damaged, and has stable heat exchange efficiency. Because the external circulation air duct is easily affected by external wind, sand, rain and snow, it needs to be regularly cleaned and maintained, is relatively easy to be damaged, and after a long time of operation, there is a sticky film on the heat exchange fins that is not easy to clean, and the heat exchange efficiency is low. After the heat generating assembly stops working, the liquid cooling unit can also be operated in this solution to reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the protection cavity, avoid condensation, and effectively protect the heat generating assembly. It can be seen that in this technical solution, the heat exchange efficiency of the liquid cooling unit is fully utilized, the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire electrical cabinet is high, especially the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat generating assembly is high, the protection performance of the protection cavity is high, and condensation in the protection cavity is also effectively avoided.

[0018] In the technical solution two, the high heat generating component is a power module, which has the largest heat generation and is most easily damaged, so it is important to prioritize the heat dissipation efficiency of the power module for the entire electrical cabinet. The cooling liquid flow passage of the liquid cooling plate and the cooling liquid flow passage of the air-liquid heat exchanger are connected in series between the liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the liquid cooling unit, and the cooling liquid flow passage of the liquid cooling plate is located upstream of the cooling liquid flow passage of the air-liquid heat exchanger. The pipeline length is short, easy to design and process, and at the same time, the heat dissipation efficiency of the power module is guaranteed, the cooling liquid of the liquid cooling unit is fully utilized for heat dissipation of the air-liquid heat exchanger, and the structure is ingenious.

[0019] In the third aspect, the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are connected in series between the liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the liquid cooling unit, and the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate is located downstream of the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger. The temperature of the cooling liquid of the liquid cooling unit is still low after passing through the air-liquid heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate is still low, which can well take away the heat of the high heat generating component, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire heat generating assembly, and the series connection has a short pipeline length and is easy to design and process.

[0020] In the fourth aspect, the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are connected in parallel between the liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the liquid cooling unit, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate and the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are both low, which ensures the heat dissipation efficiency of the high heat generating component and the low heat generating component, and avoids the mutual influence of the heat of the liquid cooling plate and the air-liquid heat exchanger.

[0021] In the fifth aspect, the flow distribution valve is arranged, so that the flow of the cooling liquid entering the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger can be adjusted as needed. For example, the flow entering the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate is adjusted to be larger, and the flow entering the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger is adjusted to be smaller, so that the heat dissipation of the high heat generating component and the low heat generating component is more balanced.

[0022] In the sixth aspect, the flow resistance of at least two parallel cooling liquid branches is smaller than that of a whole series cooling liquid channel, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0023] In the seventh aspect, the second air-liquid heat exchanger is arranged in the accommodating cavity at the top, so that the air inlet of the second heat exchange device is also located at the top. The air inlet is far away from the ground and has a low air inlet temperature, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the second air-liquid heat exchanger is high, thereby ensuring that the heat generating assembly has high heat dissipation efficiency. Since the second air-liquid heat exchanger does not have water inlet considerations, the air outlet does not have to be arranged on the side of the cabinet, but can be arranged on the top of the cabinet, so that when multiple electrical cabinets are used in parallel, the heat flow disturbance to the downstream electrical cabinet is not easy to occur. Even if the heat flow flows out from the side of the top of the cabinet, since the hot air has a small density, the influence on the downstream electrical cabinet is not easy to occur. Since the second air-liquid heat exchanger is arranged at the top, the side of the cabinet is not occupied, which is convenient for parallel operation of multiple electrical cabinets and also convenient for reducing the spacing between power cabinets.

[0024] In the eighth technical solution, the direct-current electrical component is close to the first side wall and far from the cold air outlet of the air-liquid heat exchanger, so that the direct-current electrical component is prone to not passing through the air. The electrical board extends in the first direction and is adapted to make the air flow of the cold air outlet pass through the capacitor module and be guided to the direct-current electrical component by the capacitor module, so that the direct-current electrical component can pass through the air, and the air guiding of the electrical board makes the air resistance smaller. The electrical board has a certain length in the first direction, which can guide the air flow. Since the capacitor module is also basically a cuboid structure, the setting of the electrical board does not need to improve the capacitor module, but can fully utilize the structure of the existing capacitor module. Part of the air flow flows on the surface of the electrical board, and part of the air flow flows on the surface of the capacitor. The flow rate of the air flow close to the surface of the electrical board and the capacitor is faster, so that the heat of the capacitor module can be quickly taken away. The electrical board extends in the first direction and separates the protection cavity into a first air passing area corresponding to the cold air outlet and a second air passing area corresponding to the hot air outlet. The capacitor is located in the first air passing area. Since the capacitor is carried on the electrical board, the hottest part of the capacitor module is the connection between the electrical board and the capacitor, and the electrical unit is located in the first air passing area corresponding to the cold air outlet, which means that the serious heat generating area of the capacitor module is located in the first air passing area. Therefore, the heat of the capacitor can be taken away by the cold air in time, the heat of the connection between the capacitor and the electrical board can be taken away by the cold air in time, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the capacitor module is high. It can be seen that, by using the technical solution, the heat dissipation efficiency of the capacitor module and the direct-current electrical component is high, and a turbulence fan does not need to be arranged, which reduces the cost and increases the space of the protection cavity without the turbulence fan.

[0025] In the ninth technical solution, the setting of the first air-liquid heat exchanger cold air outlet increases the cold air volume, so that there is basically no air flow dead zone in the entire protection cavity. In combination with the setting of the hot air outlet, the circulation of the air flow is better, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat generating assembly is high. The hot air outlet faces the capacitor module, so that the air can pass through the periphery of the capacitor module. The electrical board is horizontally arranged, that is, the capacitor module is basically horizontally arranged. The first air passing area is located below the electrical board, so that the capacitor module plays a role of horizontal partition plate in the protection cavity. Since the cold air density is greater than the hot air density, the first air passing area is located below the electrical board. After the cold air passes through the first air passing area, the temperature rises to become hot air, so as to return to the hot air outlet through the second air passing area. The air flow resistance is small, the circulation is better, and the horizontal arrangement of the electrical board has a better air guiding effect on the cold air flowing to the first side wall, so as to further increase the air volume at the direct-current electrical component and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the direct-current electrical component. On the other hand, the space along the first direction of the cabinet body is fully utilized, which is convenient for the layout of the electrical components in the protection cavity and has a high space utilization rate.

[0026] In the tenth technical solution, the layout of the heating component makes the cold air of the liquid-to-air heat exchanger flow downward to the alternating current electrical component, and then flow to the capacitor module and the direct current electrical component from the side, so that the high heat generating component and the low heat generating component in the protection cavity have high heat dissipation efficiency. The liquid cooling plate and the electrical plate component form an air gap, and the air flow speed of the air gap is the fastest, so that the air flow can quickly take away the heat of the capacitor module and the power module at the same time, and the electrical connection of the capacitor module and the power module is facilitated. The air outlet is arranged at the top of the cabinet, so that when multiple electrical cabinets are used side by side, the heat flow disturbance to the downstream electrical cabinet is not easy to occur. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the embodiment description are briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the prior art;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the electrical cabinet of the embodiment 1 of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the electrical cabinet of the embodiment 1 of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a top view of the electrical cabinet of the embodiment 1 of the present application, with the cabinet top plate hidden

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal part of the electrical cabinet of the embodiment 1 of the present application

[0033] Figure 6 It is a side view of the internal part of the electrical cabinet of the embodiment 1 of the present application

[0034] Figure 7 It is a side view of the internal part of the electrical cabinet of the embodiment 2 of the present application

[0035] Figure 8 It is a side view of the internal part of the electrical cabinet of the embodiment 3 of the present application

[0036] Figure 9 It is a top view of the electrical cabinet of the embodiment 3 of the present application, with the cabinet top plate hidden

[0037] Main drawing mark explanation:

[0038] Cabinet 10; accommodating cavity 10A; air outlet 101; protection cavity 10B; heat dissipation cavity 10C; first side wall 11; main air inlet 111; second side wall 12; first abutting wall 13; first air inlet 131; second abutting wall 14; second air inlet 141; support plate 15; partition plate 16; first supporting surface 161; wind blocking surface 162; second supporting surface 163; high heat generating component 20; low heat generating component 30; direct current electrical component 31; capacitor module 32; electrical plate component 321; heat dissipation surface 322; alternating current electrical component 33; heat dissipation device 40; liquid cooling plate 41; first liquid air heat exchanger 42; cold air outlet 421; hot air outlet 422; liquid cooling unit 50; second liquid air heat exchanger 51; flow distribution valve 511; fan module 52. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and should not be regarded as exclusion of other embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] In the claims, specification, and above drawings of the present application, unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms such as "first", "second", or "third" are used only to distinguish different objects, and are not used to describe a specific sequence.

[0041] In the claims, specification, and above drawings of the present application, unless otherwise expressly defined, for the terms of orientation, such as "center", "transverse", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation and position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as limiting the specific protection scope of the present application.

[0042] In the claims, specification, and above drawings of the present application, unless otherwise expressly defined, such as the terms "fixedly connected" or "fixedly connected", should be understood broadly, that is, any connection mode between the two without displacement relationship and relative rotation relationship, that is, it includes non-detachable fixed connection, detachable fixed connection, integration and fixed connection through other devices or elements.

[0043] The terms "comprise", "have" and any variations thereof, as used in the claims, the specification and the drawings, are intended to cover both the singular and the plural unless otherwise indicated.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] Referring to Figures 2-6 , Figures 2-6 An electrical cabinet is shown, comprising a cabinet body 10, a high-heat component 20, a low-heat component 30, a heat dissipation device 40, and a liquid cooling unit 50.

[0046] Referring to Figures 2-4 , the cabinet body 10 is cuboid-shaped, and the cabinet body 10 is provided with a first side wall 11 and a second side wall 12 parallel to and opposite to each other along a first direction, and the cabinet body 10 is provided with a first abutment wall 13 and a second abutment wall 14 parallel to and opposite to each other along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The first direction is the up-down direction in Figure 4 , and the second direction is the left-right direction in Figure 4 .

[0047] In this embodiment, the cabinet body 10 is provided with a support plate 15 and a partition plate 16, referring to Figures 5-6 , the support plate 15 separates the cabinet body 10 into an upper region and a lower region, the upper region forms a containing cavity 10A, the partition plate 16 separates the lower region into a middle region and a bottom region, the middle region forms a protection cavity 10B, and the bottom region forms a heat dissipation cavity 10C, that is, the cabinet body 10 is provided with the containing cavity 10A at the top and the heat dissipation cavity 10C at the bottom, and the cabinet body 10 is provided with the relatively closed protection cavity 10B between the containing cavity 10A and the heat dissipation cavity 10C. Among them, the support plate 15 extends along the horizontal direction, and the partition plate 16 is Z-shaped as a whole, and the partition plate 16 is formed by two horizontal segments and a vertical segment, and the vertical segment connects the two horizontal segments to form the Z-shaped partition plate 16.

[0048] In this embodiment, since the projection of the partition plate 16 along the second direction is Z-shaped, the partition plate 16 causes the heat dissipation cavity 10C to form a first region (left side in Figure 6 ) and a second region (right side in Figure 6 ) connected in the air inlet direction, the first region is higher than the second region, and the partition plate 16 also causes the protection cavity 10B to form a third region (left side in Figure 6 ) and a fourth region (right side in Figure 6The third region and the fourth region are located above the first region and the second region respectively. Specifically, the bottom wall of the protection cavity 10B, i.e., the partition plate 16, is provided with a horizontal first supporting surface 161, a wind blocking surface 162 perpendicular to the first direction, and a horizontal second supporting surface 163. The upper and lower ends of the wind blocking surface 162 are connected to the first supporting surface 161 and the second supporting surface 163 respectively. The first supporting surface 161 is close to the first side wall 11, and the second supporting surface 163 is close to the second side wall 12. The bottom wall of the protection cavity 10B is provided so that different height regions are formed in the protection cavity 10B, which is beneficial to the layout of the electrical components in the protection cavity 10B.

[0049] Referring to Figures 2-3 , the accommodation cavity 10A is provided with a main air inlet 111 on the first side wall 11 along the first direction, and is provided with an air outlet 101 on the top, which is close to the second side wall 12. The accommodation cavity 10A is further provided with a first air inlet 131 and a second air inlet 141 on the first abutting wall 13 and the second abutting wall 14 respectively.

[0050] In the embodiment, the heat generating assembly is arranged in the protection cavity 10B and includes a high heat generating component 20 and a low heat generating component 30. The heat dissipation device 40 is arranged in the protection cavity 10B and includes a liquid cooling plate 41 and an air-liquid heat exchanger. The liquid cooling plate 41 is used for dissipating heat for the high heat generating component 20. The air-liquid heat exchanger is provided with a wind passage and a cooling liquid flow passage which are in heat exchange with each other. The wind passage is provided with a cold air inlet 421 for delivering cold air to the protection cavity 10B and a hot air outlet 422 for recovering hot air from the protection cavity 10B. The liquid cooling unit 50 is arranged in the accommodation cavity 10A and is provided with a liquid supply port and a liquid return port. The cooling liquid flow passage of the liquid cooling plate 41 and the cooling liquid flow passage of the air-liquid heat exchanger are in communication with the liquid supply port and the liquid return port. The heat dissipation cavity 10C is used for placing electrical components such as reactors, which will not be described in detail in the present application. The air-liquid heat exchanger in the heat dissipation device 40 is defined as the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42.

[0051] Referring to Figures 2-6 , the liquid cooling unit 50 includes a second air-liquid heat exchanger 51 and a fan module 52. The second air-liquid heat exchanger 51 is provided with a liquid supply port and a liquid return port. The fan module 52 is used to drive the air flow from the main air inlet 111 to the air outlet 101 through the second air-liquid heat exchanger 51. The liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the second air-liquid heat exchanger 51 are in communication with the cooling liquid flow passages of the liquid cooling plate 41 and the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42 described below. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the liquid cooling unit 50 can also be a structure of an evaporator, a compressor and a condenser.

[0052] The second air-liquid heat exchanger 51 can adopt the prior art as long as it has the cooling liquid flow channel and the air flow channel for heat exchange, which will not be described herein. The fan module 52 is arranged at the air outlet 101 to drive the air flow to pass through the air flow channel of the second air-liquid heat exchanger 51 from the air inlet 111 to the air outlet 101, thereby dissipating heat from the liquid flow channel of the second air-liquid heat exchanger 51. It should be understood that the fan module 52 in the embodiment should have a high protection level, at least should have a waterproof function. The second air-liquid heat exchanger 51 dissipates heat through the main air inlet 111, the first air inlet 131, the second air inlet 141, and the fan module 52 and the air outlet 101, and has high heat exchange efficiency. The side walls of the cabinet 10 other than the first side wall 11 and the second side wall 12, i.e., the first abutting wall 13 and the second abutting wall 14, do not need to have air inlets and outlets, and do not need to be maintained, so that the side walls can be used to perform cabinet parallelization with other cabinets 10, and will not affect the working, heat dissipation and maintenance of the electrical cabinet itself; when a plurality of electrical cabinets are parallelized in the second direction, only the first air inlets 131 and the second air inlets 141 of the outermost electrical cabinets can have air inlets.

[0053] The liquid cooling unit 50 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 10A at the top, and thus the air inlet of the second air-liquid heat exchanger 51 is also located at the top. The air inlet is far away from the ground and thus has a low air inlet temperature, so that the second air-liquid heat exchanger 51 has high heat dissipation efficiency, thereby ensuring that the heat generating components have high heat dissipation efficiency. Since the second air-liquid heat exchanger 51 does not have water inlet concerns, the air outlet can be opened at the top of the cabinet 10, so that when a plurality of electrical cabinets are used in parallel, it is not easy to disturb the downstream electrical cabinets with heat flow. Since the second air-liquid heat exchanger 51 is arranged at the top, the side of the cabinet 10 is not occupied, which facilitates parallelization of a plurality of electrical cabinets and reduces the spacing between power cabinets.

[0054] Still referring to Figures 5-6 , the heat generating components and the heat dissipation device 40 in the protection cavity will be introduced as follows:

[0055] The high heat generating component 20 is a power module in the embodiment, the low heat generating component 30 includes a direct current electrical component 31, an alternating current electrical component 33 and a capacitor module 32. The direct current electrical component 31 is close to the first side wall 11, and the alternating current electrical component 33 is close to the second side wall 12. The capacitor module 32 is located between the direct current electrical component 31 and the alternating current electrical component 33 along the first direction and below the high heat generating component 20, and thus the capacitor module 32 is also below the liquid cooling plate 41. The first air-liquid heat exchanger 42 is arranged on the inner surface of the second side wall 12. The alternating current electrical component 33 is below the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42. It can be known that the direct current electrical component 31 is away from the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42 along the first direction. The water pipe of the second air-liquid heat exchanger 51 also penetrates the support plate 15 to communicate with the liquid cooling plate 41 and the water pipe of the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42.

[0056] The first air-liquid heat exchanger 42 is provided with an air exhaust fan with an axis parallel to the first direction at the hot air outlet 422. The first air-liquid heat exchanger 42 extends in the vertical direction, and the bottom and two sides along the second direction form the cold air outlet 421. The hot air outlet 422 is at least two, and each hot air outlet 422 is arranged in the vertical direction and faces the capacitor module 32. The cooling liquid flow channel of the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42 includes at least two parallel cooling liquid branches; each cooling liquid branch is adapted to exchange heat with the air flow channel, see Figure 6 In the embodiment, the first air-liquid heat exchanger 41 includes two parallel cooling liquid branches.

[0057] The capacitor module 32 includes an electric board 321 in a plate-shaped structure and adapted to carry a plurality of capacitors. Each capacitor is electrically connected to one end of the electric board 321 and carried on the electric board 321, and the other end forms a heat dissipation surface 322. In the embodiment, the electric board 321 extends along the first direction and divides the protection cavity 10B into a first air flow area corresponding to the cold air outlet 421 and a second air flow area corresponding to the hot air outlet 422. The capacitors are located in the first air flow area. In the embodiment, the electric board 321 is preferably parallel to the horizontal direction. A plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed in the electric board 321. The side of the capacitor away from the electric board 321 forms the heat dissipation surface 322. The first air flow area is located below the electric board 321, and the heat dissipation surface 322 is also located below the electric board 321.

[0058] The electric board 321 is adapted to guide the air flow to the direct-current electrical component 31, and the heat dissipation surface 322 is adapted to introduce the air flow into the capacitor module 32. In the embodiment, the electric board 321 is partially opposite to the liquid cooling plate 41 and forms an air flow gap. The electric board 321 can guide the air flow to the direct-current electrical component 31, which means that the electric board 321 has a certain length along the first direction, which can guide the air flow. In other ways, the electric board 321 and the heat dissipation surface 322 can also be perpendicular to the second direction. At this time, the side of the electric board 321 away from the capacitor can guide the air flow to the direct-current electrical component 31. In the embodiment, the capacitor module 32 is located between the upper and lower ends of the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42 in the vertical direction.

[0059] Among them, the direct-current electrical component 31 is placed in the third area, the alternating-current electrical component 33 is placed in the fourth area and is lower than the first supporting surface 161, and the capacitor module 32 spans the third area and the fourth area. The high heat generating component 20 is located above the fourth area. The heat dissipation surface 322 of the capacitor module 32 is higher than the first supporting surface 161 and partially opposite to the first supporting surface 161. The electrical connection relationship in the protection cavity 10B is that the direct-current electrical component 31 is connected with the capacitor module 32, the capacitor module 32 is connected with the high heat generating component 20, and the high heat generating component 20 is connected with the alternating-current electrical component 33.

[0060] The layout of the heat generating assembly is such that the cold air of the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42 flows downward to the alternating current electrical component 33, flows from the side to the direct current electrical component 31 through the capacitor module 32, and the hot air is recovered to the hot air outlet 422, so that the high heat generating component 20 and the low heat generating component 30 in the protection cavity have high heat dissipation efficiency. The setting of the cold air outlet 421 of the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42 increases the amount of cold air, so that the lower and left side of the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42 can be well ventilated. Combined with the setting of the hot air outlet 422, there is basically no wind flow dead zone in the entire protection cavity 10B, the circulation of the wind flow is better, the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat generating assembly is high, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat generating assembly is high. Especially the capacitor module 32 can be ventilated around, and the heat dissipation efficiency is high.

[0061] In the embodiment, the electrical components in the protection cavity 10B are mainly cooled by liquid cooling, wherein the high heat generating component 20 is cooled by the liquid cooling plate 41, that is, cooled by liquid cooling, and the low heat generating component 30 is cooled by the cold air of the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42, that is, cooled by air cooling. The combination of liquid cooling and air cooling makes the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat generating assembly high, and the liquid cooling unit 50 exchanges heat with the liquid cooling plate 41 and the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42, and the liquid cooling unit 50 is located outside the protection cavity 10B. Therefore, the entire protection cavity 10B only has internal circulation cooling, and the external circulation cooling is carried out outside the protection cavity 10B, which can well improve the protection of the protection cavity 10B. It should be understood that the relatively closed protection cavity 10B in the scheme means that there is no air duct penetrating through the protection cavity 10B that may leak air. Therefore, the protection cavity 10B in the scheme has enough space for the heat generating assembly to be installed, so that the heat generating assembly is not easily affected by the heat radiation of other electrical components, and the most favorable layout for heat dissipation can be formed, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat generating assembly. It can be seen that the heat of the heat generating assembly is mainly taken away by the liquid cooling unit 50, so the heat of the electrical cabinet is mainly concentrated in the containing cavity 10A where the liquid cooling unit 50 is located, rather than in the protection cavity 10B. The heat dissipation of the liquid cooling unit 50 is relatively easy to control, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire electrical cabinet. Among them, the air passage and the cooling liquid flow passage of the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42 exchange heat, so that the liquid cooling unit 50 can deliver and recover cooling liquid to the liquid cooling plate 41, and can also cool the air passage, so that the cooling liquid of the liquid cooling unit 50 is fully utilized. Compared with the air heat exchanger, the first air-liquid heat exchanger 42 does not need to set up an external circulation air duct to exchange heat with the air passage, and is not easy to be damaged and has stable heat exchange efficiency. Because the external circulation air duct is easily affected by external wind, sand, rain and snow, it needs to be regularly cleaned and maintained, and it is relatively easy to be damaged. After a long time of operation, there are sticky films and the like on the heat exchange fins that are not easy to clean, and the heat exchange efficiency is low. After the heat generating assembly stops working, the embodiment can also work by making the liquid cooling unit 50 work to reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the protection cavity 10B, avoid condensation, and effectively protect the heat generating assembly.

[0062] In the embodiment, the direct-current electrical component 31 is close to the first side wall 11 and far from the cold air outlet 421 of the first liquid-air heat exchanger 42, so that the direct-current electrical component 31 is easy to be not passed by the air. The electrical plate member 321 extends along the first direction and is adapted to make the cold air pass through the capacitor module 32 and be guided to the direct-current electrical component 31 through the capacitor module 32, so that the direct-current electrical component 31 can be passed by the air, and the air guiding of the electrical plate member 321 makes the air resistance small. Since the capacitor module 32 is also basically a cuboid structure, the setting of the electrical plate member 321 does not need to improve the capacitor module 32, but can fully utilize the structure of the existing capacitor module 32. Part of the air flow flows on the surface of the electrical plate member 321, and part of the air flow flows on the surface of the capacitor, such as the heat dissipation surface 322. The flow rate of the air flow close to the electrical plate member 321 and the heat dissipation surface 322 is faster, so that the heat of the capacitor module 32 can be quickly taken away. The electrical plate member 321 extends along the first direction and divides the protection cavity 10B into a first air passing area corresponding to the cold air outlet 421 and a second air passing area corresponding to the hot air outlet 422. The capacitor is located in the first air passing area. Since the capacitor is carried on the electrical plate member, the hottest part of the capacitor module 32 is the connection between the electrical plate member 321 and the capacitor, and the second hottest part is the electrical plate member 321. The electrical unit is located in the first air passing area corresponding to the cold air outlet 421, which means that the areas of the capacitor module 32 where heat is generated seriously are all located in the first air passing area. Therefore, the heat of the capacitor can be taken away by the cold air in time, the heat of the connection between the capacitor and the electrical plate member 321 can be taken away by the cold air in time, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the capacitor module 32 is high.

[0063] Further, the electrical plate member 321 and the heat dissipation surface 322 are horizontal, that is, the capacitor module 32 is basically horizontally arranged. The first air passing area is located below the electrical plate member 321. Therefore, the capacitor module 32 plays a role of horizontal partition plate in the protection cavity 10B. Since the cold air density is greater than the hot air density, the first air passing area is located below the electrical plate member 321. The cold air temperature rises to become hot air after passing through the first air passing area, so as to flow back to the hot air outlet through the second air passing area. The air flow resistance is small, the circulation is better, and the horizontal arrangement of the electrical plate member 321 has a better air guiding effect on the cold air flowing to the first side wall 11, thereby further increasing the air volume at the direct-current electrical component 31 and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the direct-current electrical component 31. On the other hand, the space along the first direction of the cabinet 10 is fully utilized by such arrangement, which is convenient for the layout of the electrical components in the protection cavity 10B and has a high space utilization rate.

[0064] In the embodiment, the heat dissipation surface 322 is higher than the first supporting surface 161 and partially opposite to the first supporting surface 161, so that the over-air gap is formed between the heat dissipation surface 322 and the first supporting surface 161. The flow rate of the cold air flow increases when passing through the over-air gap, which increases the heat dissipation efficiency of the capacitor module 32 and the direct-current electrical component 31.

[0065] Further, the over-flow gap is formed between the liquid cooling plate 41 and the electrical plate 321, and the air flow speed of the over-flow gap is the fastest, so that the air flow can quickly take away the heat of the capacitor module 32 and the power module at the same time, and the electrical connection of the capacitor module 32 and the power module is facilitated. Thus, in the embodiment, the heat dissipation efficiency of the capacitor module 32 and the DC electrical component 31 is high, and the turbulence fan is not needed to be arranged, the cost is reduced, and the space of the protection cavity 10B without the turbulence fan is increased.

[0066] It can be known that, in the embodiment, the heat exchange efficiency of the liquid cooling unit 50 is fully utilized, the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire electrical cabinet is high, especially the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat generating assembly is high, the protection property of the protection cavity 10B is high, and the condensation in the protection cavity 10B is effectively avoided.

[0067] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 6 , the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate 41 and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are connected in series between the liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the liquid cooling unit 50, and the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate 41 is located upstream of the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger. This is because the high heat generating component 20 is the power module, the heat generation amount of which is the largest and the most easily damaged, so it is important to preferentially guarantee the heat dissipation efficiency of the power module for the entire electrical cabinet. The above-mentioned arrangement of the pipeline length is short, easy to design and process, and guarantees the heat dissipation efficiency of the power module while fully utilizing the cooling liquid of the liquid cooling unit 50 to dissipate heat of the air-liquid heat exchanger, and the structure is ingenious.

[0068] Embodiment 2

[0069] The structure of the embodiment 2 is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that, referring to Figure 7 , the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate 41 and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are connected in series between the liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the liquid cooling unit 50, and the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate 41 is located downstream of the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger. This is because the cooling liquid of the liquid cooling unit 50 is still low in temperature after passing through the air-liquid heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the liquid cooling plate 41 is still low, which can well take away the heat of the high heat generating component 20, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire heat generating assembly, and the series connection of the pipeline length is short, easy to design and process.

[0070] Embodiment 3

[0071] The structure of the embodiment 3 is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that, referring to Figure 8 , the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate 41 and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are connected in parallel between the liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the liquid cooling unit 50. Further, referring to Figure 9The flow distribution valve 511 can also be arranged at the liquid supply port of the liquid cooling unit 50, so that the flow of the cooling liquid into the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate 41 and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-to-liquid heat exchanger can be adjusted as required, for example, the flow into the liquid cooling plate 41 is increased and the flow into the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-to-liquid heat exchanger is decreased, so that the heat dissipation of the high heat generating component 20 and the low heat generating component 30 is more balanced. In this way, the temperature of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate 41 and the temperature of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-to-liquid heat exchanger are both low, ensuring the heat dissipation efficiency of the high heat generating component 20 and the low heat generating component 30, and avoiding the mutual influence of the heat of the liquid cooling plate 41 and the air-to-liquid heat exchanger.

[0072] The above description and the embodiment of the present application are used to explain the scope of protection of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. Through the inspiration of the present application or the above embodiment, those skilled in the art can obtain the modification, equivalent replacement or other improvement of the embodiment of the present application or one part of the technical features by combining the common knowledge, the ordinary technical knowledge in the art and / or the prior art, through logical analysis, reasoning or limited test, which should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An electrical cabinet, characterized in that, include The cabinet (10) has a receiving cavity (10A) and a relatively sealed protective cavity (10B); A heating element, which is placed inside a protective cavity (10B) and includes a high-heating element (20) and a low-heating element (30); A heat dissipation device (40), placed inside a protective cavity (10B), includes a liquid cooling plate (41) and an air-liquid heat exchanger. The liquid cooling plate (41) is used to dissipate heat from the high-heat-generating component (20). The air-liquid heat exchanger is provided with an air passage and a coolant flow passage for heat exchange between them. The air passage is provided with a cold air inlet (421) for supplying cold air to the protective cavity (10B) and a hot air inlet (422) for recovering hot air from the protective cavity (10B). The liquid cooling unit (50) is placed in the accommodating cavity (10A) and is provided with a liquid supply port and a liquid return port. The cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate (41) and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are both connected to the liquid supply port and the liquid return port. The air-liquid heat exchanger of the heat dissipation device (40) is defined as the first air-liquid heat exchanger (42). The liquid cooling unit (50) includes a second air-liquid heat exchanger (51) and a fan module (52). The second air-liquid heat exchanger (51) is provided with a liquid supply port and a liquid return port. The accommodating cavity (10A) is located at the top of the cabinet (10) and is provided with a main air intake port (111) and an exhaust port (101). The fan module (52) is used to drive the airflow from the main air intake port (111) through the second air-liquid heat exchanger (51) to the exhaust port (101).

2. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-heat-generating component (20) is a power module; the cooling liquid channel of the liquid cooling plate (41) and the cooling liquid channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are connected in series between the liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the liquid cooling unit (50), and the cooling liquid channel of the liquid cooling plate (41) is located upstream of the cooling liquid channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger.

3. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling liquid channel of the liquid cooling plate (41) and the cooling liquid channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are connected in series between the liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the liquid cooling unit (50), and the cooling liquid channel of the liquid cooling plate (41) is located downstream of the cooling liquid channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger.

4. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling liquid flow channel of the liquid cooling plate (41) and the cooling liquid flow channel of the air-liquid heat exchanger are connected in parallel between the liquid supply port and the liquid return port of the liquid cooling unit (50).

5. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The liquid cooling unit (50) is equipped with a flow distribution valve (511) at the liquid supply port to regulate the flow rate of the coolant entering the liquid cooling plate (41) and the coolant entering the air-liquid heat exchanger.

6. An electrical cabinet as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The air-liquid heat exchanger includes at least two parallel coolant branches; each coolant branch is adapted to exchange heat with the air duct.

7. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A blower with its axis parallel to the first direction is provided at the hot air outlet (422); the high-heat-generating component (20) is a power module, and the low-heat-generating component (30) includes a DC electrical component (31) and a capacitor module (32). The DC electrical component (31) is located away from the first air-liquid heat exchanger (42) along the first direction, and the capacitor module (32) is located between the DC electrical component (31) and the first air-liquid heat exchanger (42) along the first direction. The capacitor module (32) has a plate-like structure. An electrical board (321) suitable for carrying several capacitors is provided. The electrical board (321) extends along a first direction and divides the protective cavity (10B) into a first air passage zone corresponding to the cold air outlet (421) and a second air passage zone corresponding to the hot air outlet (422). The capacitors are located in the first air passage zone. The electrical board (321) is suitable for allowing the airflow from the cold air outlet (421) to pass through the capacitor module (32) and be guided to the DC electrical component (31) through the capacitor module (32).

8. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first air-liquid heat exchanger (42) extends vertically, and cold air inlets (421) are formed at its bottom and on both sides along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. There are at least two hot air inlets (422), each of which is arranged vertically and faces the capacitor module (32). The first and second directions are both horizontal. The electrical board (321) is horizontally arranged, and the first air passage zone is located below the electrical board (321).

9. An electrical cabinet as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The cabinet (10) is provided with a first sidewall (11) and a second sidewall (12) that are parallel to each other and opposite to each other along a first direction; The main air intake (111) is located on the first side wall (11), and the exhaust air outlet (101) is located on the top of the cabinet (10) and close to the second side wall (12); The first air-liquid heat exchanger (42) is installed on the inner surface of the second side wall (12); The low-heating component (30) also includes an AC electrical component (33), the DC electrical component (31) is close to the first sidewall (11), the AC electrical component (33) is close to the second sidewall (12) and located below the first air-liquid heat exchanger (42), the capacitor module (32) is located below the high-heating component (20), and the electrical board (321) is partially opposite to the liquid cooling plate (41) and forms an air gap.

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