A flow channel structure for a cutting tool and a cutting tool

Abstract

The application discloses a flow channel structure for a cutting tool, which is arranged on a tool bar body of the cutting tool; the flow channel structure comprises a liquid inlet flow channel, a middle flow channel, a side flow channel and a first liquid outlet flow channel which are sequentially communicated; the liquid inlet flow channel is arranged along the length direction of the tool bar body and is used for introducing cooling liquid to the middle flow channel; the middle flow channel is arranged in the tool bar body and corresponds to the position below a groove body in which a blade is arranged; the middle flow channel comprises a plurality of U-shaped flow channel sections which are communicated with each other; the side flow channel is arranged in multiple layers along the height direction of the tool bar body and is arranged around the side wall close to the groove body; the first liquid outlet flow channel is arranged along the length direction of the tool bar body; wherein the flow area of the middle flow channel, the side flow channel and the first liquid outlet flow channel are all smaller than the flow area of the liquid inlet flow channel; the flow channel structure and the cutting tool provided by the application solve the technical problem that the internal cooling effect of the existing cutting tool is poor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cutting tool manufacturing, specifically to a flow channel structure for cutting tools and a cutting tool. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the machinery manufacturing industry, cutting conditions are becoming increasingly complex, and the requirements for the performance and versatility of cutting tools are also increasing. In traditional cutting processes, in order to improve the service life of cutting tools and enhance the efficiency of heat dissipation, coolant is usually poured directly onto the tool during the cutting process. Although this cooling method is effective, the coolant used in the machining process is generally difficult to recover and reuse. The recovered coolant needs to undergo filtration and other steps before reuse, which increases the cost. Moreover, a large amount of new coolant is consumed during the machining process, so the utilization efficiency of the coolant is too low.

[0003] Furthermore, when machining certain special parts, such as various shafts used in aerospace, the special material limitations often prevent the direct use of coolant for spray cooling. This directly affects the machining accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece. However, without coolant cooling, the heat dissipation effect of the cutting edge of the tool deteriorates, and high cutting temperatures may alter the properties of the workpiece material and affect the formation and disappearance of built-up edge. The cutting edge often suffers from chipping, breakage, fatigue wear, and other tool damage due to high cutting temperatures, which also affects the tool's cutting edge life and the retention of its cutting edge shape. Under such conditions, the only current solution is to frequently replace the cutting inserts, which greatly increases machining costs. Moreover, with the popularization of green manufacturing awareness, the environmental protection requirements for machining processes are becoming increasingly stringent. Harmful gases produced by coolant after high temperatures can easily be inhaled by operators, affecting their health. Therefore, reducing the use of external coolant spray is also an important direction for the future development of cutting processes.

[0004] More importantly, the flow channel design directly affects the quality and efficiency of tool cooling. Very few existing cutting tools have an internal flow channel design, and there is a lack of structural detail design for each part of the flow channel to meet the requirements of rapid heat exchange and cooling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to overcome the above-mentioned defects or problems in the prior art and to provide a flow channel structure and cutting tool for cutting tools, which is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, easy to implement and low in cost, and solves the technical problem of poor internal cooling effect of existing cutting tools.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A flow channel structure for a cutting tool is disposed on the tool holder body of the cutting tool; the flow channel structure includes a liquid inlet channel, a central channel, a side channel, and a first liquid outlet channel connected in sequence; the liquid inlet channel is disposed along the length direction of the tool holder body and is used to introduce coolant into the central channel; the central channel is disposed within the tool holder body and corresponds to the area below the groove for placing the cutting insert; the central channel includes several interconnected U-shaped channel segments, each U-shaped channel segment being arranged along the height direction of the tool holder body; the side channels are arranged in multiple layers along the height direction of the tool holder body and are wrapped around the side wall near the groove; the first liquid outlet channel is disposed along the length direction of the tool holder body; wherein the flow area of ​​the central channel, the side channel, and the first liquid outlet channel is smaller than the flow area of ​​the liquid inlet channel.

[0008] Preferably, it further includes a bottom flow channel located between the liquid inlet flow channel and the middle flow channel; the flow area of ​​the bottom flow channel is smaller than the flow area of ​​the liquid inlet flow channel and larger than the flow area of ​​the middle flow channel.

[0009] Preferably, the cross-section of the central flow channel is flat, wider in the middle and gradually narrowing towards both sides along the length direction; the central flow channel is arranged in an S-shape around the height of the tool holder body.

[0010] Preferably, the cross-sectional dimension ratio of the central flow channel is L2≥1.4L4≥3L3;

[0011] Wherein, L2 is the distance between the two ends of the central flow channel cross section after it gradually narrows along the length direction; L4 is the maximum width of the central flow channel cross section; and L3 is the width of the two ends of the central flow channel cross section.

[0012] Preferably, the side flow channel is arranged in an S-shape along the side wall of the tank, and the length-to-width ratio of the side flow channel cross-section is 2:1.

[0013] Preferably, the flow channel structure further includes a second liquid outlet flow channel for spraying coolant onto the blades to cool them; the second liquid outlet flow channel includes a transition flow channel and at least one spray flow channel, one end of the transition flow channel is connected to the inlet flow channel, and the other end is selectively connected to the spray flow channel, and the flow area of ​​the transition flow channel is smaller than the flow area of ​​the inlet flow channel.

[0014] Preferably, the second liquid outlet channel further includes a transfer channel, which has a rotating switching component on the cutter bar body, and rotates with the rotating switching component to a set position so that the transfer channel communicates with the liquid spray channel.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes a buffer space located on the flow path of the spray channel and connected to the transfer channel and each of the spray channels.

[0016] Preferably, the cache space is arranged in the shape of a cube; the ratio of the length to the width of the cache space is at least 4:1, and the height of the cache space is greater than its width.

[0017] A cutting tool includes a tool holder body; and further includes the aforementioned flow channel structure formed on the tool holder body to cool the tool holder body and the cutting insert mounted on the tool holder body.

[0018] As can be seen from the above description of this application, compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) This application provides a flow channel structure for cutting tools and a cutting tool, which solves the problem of poor internal cooling effect of existing tools. This application breaks through the bottleneck of the existing tool holder body's difficulty in realizing the design and manufacturing of internal flow channels, and realizes the fabrication of internal flow channels in the tool holder body. This solves the processing and cooling problem of some special products, precision parts and other components that cannot be directly processed with coolant. Without the flow channel structure designed in this application for internal circulation heat exchange cooling, existing cutting inserts are difficult to dissipate heat quickly. Therefore, frequent insert replacement is required to complete the processing, and the insert wear cost is extremely high. The flow channel structure of this application removes the heat of the insert through rapid heat exchange (i.e., indirect cooling). The heat dissipation efficiency of the insert is more than twice that of natural heat dissipation without cooling, which can significantly improve the heat dissipation effect of the insert and effectively alleviate the wear process of the insert. Moreover, this application also adopts a segmented design, changes in the flow area of ​​each flow channel and a multi-layer design along the height direction of the tool holder body, which ensures sufficient flow while significantly increasing the heat exchange area between the cross section and the surrounding area, and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the insert and the tool holder body.

[0020] (2) This application uses the bottom flow channel as a bridge flow channel between the middle flow channel and the liquid inlet flow channel to adjust the flow rate and serve as a transition between the two flow channels, so that the coolant can enter the middle flow channel and the top flow channel more smoothly for efficient heat exchange and cooling.

[0021] (3) The cross-section of the central flow channel described in this application is a flat shape that is wide in the middle and gradually narrows to both sides along the length direction. The cross-sectional dimension ratio of the central flow channel is L2≥1.4L4≥3L3, and the central flow channel is arranged in an S-shape around the height of the tool holder body. This arrangement can significantly increase the heat exchange area between the cross-section and the surrounding area while ensuring sufficient flow. At the same time, the central internal cooling flow channel section is arranged in an S-shape around the bottom mounting position of the blade, which further increases the heat exchange area with the heat source of the blade and improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the blade while ensuring the structural strength of the bearing area of ​​the head of the cutting tool holder body.

[0022] (4) Based on the internal flow channel of the tool holder body, this application also provides a second liquid outlet flow channel. The liquid outlet flow channel sprays and cools through the spray channel of the second liquid outlet flow channel, realizing two modes of internal circulation heat exchange cooling and precise spray cooling of the tool holder body (it should be noted here that the spraying of this application is not a traditional pouring method, and there is a great difference in its flow rate). When the first liquid outlet flow channel and the second liquid outlet flow channel of this application are opened at the same time, the cutting heat generated during cutting is more efficiently diffused, and its heat dissipation efficiency can be improved by more than 50% in general. This avoids the cutting edge area of ​​the tool being in a high temperature environment all the time, effectively alleviates the wear process of the tool, and reduces the replacement frequency of the tool. This greatly improves the processing efficiency, reduces the tool changing time and the wear of the tool, and ultimately saves more than 50% of the wear and processing cost.

[0023] (5) This application also provides a buffer space. Although the design of this buffer space is simple, it is very ingenious and plays a very important role. By setting a small coolant buffer space in such a small volume of tool holder body, the coolant flowing into the buffer space can effectively break up the air bubbles trapped inside, thereby making the coolant flowing through the second outlet channel more stable, reducing the disturbance impact and pressure instability caused by the breaking of air bubbles when scouring the cutting edge area of ​​the tool, and effectively improving the surface quality of the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the tool holder body in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the flow channel structure in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flow channel structure in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the tool holder body described in this application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is the three-dimensional representation of the tool holder body in Embodiment 2 of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 6 This is the three-dimensional representation of the tool holder body in Embodiment 2 of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the flow channel structure in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the tool holder body in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating switching component in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0034] Attached image labels:

[0035] 1. Tool holder body; 11. Groove; A. Blade; 2. Flow channel structure; 21. Inlet flow channel; 210. Inlet port; 22. Middle flow channel; 221. U-shaped flow channel section; 23. Side flow channel; 24. First outlet flow channel; 240. Outlet port; D. Cross-sectional diameter of inlet flow channel; D1. Cross-sectional diameter of bottom flow channel; D2. Cross-sectional diameter of first outlet flow channel; L2. Distance between the two ends of the middle flow channel section after it gradually narrows along the length direction; L3. Width of both ends of the middle flow channel section; L4. Maximum width of the middle section of the middle flow channel; L5. Length of side flow channel section; L6. Width of side flow channel section; 25. Bottom flow channel; 26. Second outlet flow channel; 261. Transition flow channel; 262. Spray flow channel; 263. Transfer flow channel; 27. Buffer space; 3. Rotary switching component; 4. External components. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are preferred embodiments of this application and should not be considered as excluding other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] Unless otherwise expressly defined, the use of terms such as "first," "second," or "third" in the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this application is for the purpose of distinguishing different objects, not for describing a specific order.

[0038] Unless otherwise expressly defined, in the claims, description and accompanying drawings of this application, the use of directional terms such as “center,” “lateral,” “longitudinal,” “horizontal,” “vertical,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “clockwise,” and “counterclockwise” to indicate orientation or positional relationships is based on the orientation and positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the specific scope of protection of this application.

[0039] Unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "fixed connection" or "fixed connection" used in the claims, description and drawings of this application shall be interpreted broadly to refer to any connection in which there is no displacement or relative rotation relationship between the two parties, including non-removable fixed connection, detachable fixed connection, integral connection and fixed connection by other means or components.

[0040] In the claims, description and accompanying drawings of this application, the terms "comprising," "having," and variations thereof are used to mean "including but not limited to."

[0041] See Figures 1 to 4 The flow channel structure 2 for cutting tools described in this embodiment 1 is disposed on the tool holder body 1 of the cutting tool. The cutting tool is exemplified by a turning tool, but it can also be other types of tools, such as grooving cutters, milling cutters, boring cutters, reamers, etc. After the coolant is introduced into the flow channel structure 2, it is used to remove the heat of the cutting tool A mounted on the tool holder body 1.

[0042] The flow channel structure 2 includes an inlet flow channel 21, a middle flow channel 22, a side flow channel 23 and a first outlet flow channel 24 connected in sequence; and the flow area of ​​the middle flow channel 22, the side flow channel 23 and the first outlet flow channel 24 is smaller than the flow area of ​​the inlet flow channel 21.

[0043] The inlet channel 21 is arranged along the length of the tool holder body 1 and is used to introduce coolant into the middle channel 22; that is, an inlet 210 is opened at the end of the tool holder body 1. When the tool holder body 1 of this embodiment is installed on the machine tool, the inlet 210 is connected to the cooling interface of the machine tool to introduce the cooling medium of the machine tool into the tool holder body 1. Of course, the machine tool may not have a built-in cooling device and can be connected to the inlet 210 through an external cooling device.

[0044] In this first embodiment, the central flow channel 22 is located inside the tool holder body 1 and corresponds to the area below the groove 11 where the blade A is placed.

[0045] In order to improve heat exchange efficiency, the cross-section of the central flow channel 22 is designed to be flat, which is wide in the middle and gradually narrows to both sides along the length direction, and the central flow channel 22 is arranged in an S-shape around the height direction of the tool holder body 1.

[0046] The specific design of the 22-section structure of the central flow channel is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the central flow channel 22 is a flat, barrel-like structure with a bulging middle and tapering ends. The distance between the two ends of the central flow channel 22 section, which tapers along its length, is defined as L2; ​​the width at both ends of the central flow channel section is defined as L3; and the maximum width at the middle of the central flow channel section is defined as L4. The ratio of these dimensions is set as L2≥1.4L4≥3L3. Several interconnected U-shaped flow channel segments 221 are arranged along the height of the tool holder body 1 using this cross-sectional shape. These U-shaped flow channel segments 221 are connected in an S-shape, as shown in the cross-section of the tool holder body 1 along its length. This arrangement significantly increases the heat exchange area between the cross-section and the surrounding area while ensuring sufficient flow. Simultaneously, the central internal cooling flow channel segments form an S-shaped ring around the bottom mounting position of the blade A, increasing the heat exchange area with the heat source of the blade A and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the blade A while ensuring the structural strength of the bearing area at the head of the tool holder body 1 (i.e., the groove 11 part).

[0047] The side flow channel 23 is arranged in multiple layers along the height direction of the tool holder body 1 and is wrapped around the side wall near the groove 11;

[0048] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the side flow channel 23 is also arranged in an S-shape along the side wall of the groove 11 (that is, the side flow channel is arranged in a U-shape near the side wall of the groove 11, and spirals upward in an S-shape along the height direction of the tool holder body 1), and the length-to-width ratio of the cross section of the side flow channel 23 is 2:1, that is, the length is L5 and the width is L6, where L5 and L6 satisfy L5≥2L6;

[0049] Furthermore, this embodiment also includes a bottom flow channel 25, which is located between the liquid inlet flow channel 21 and the middle flow channel 22. The flow area of ​​the bottom flow channel 25 is smaller than that of the liquid inlet flow channel 21 and larger than that of the middle flow channel 22. By using the bottom flow channel 25 as a buffer and transfer, the coolant can enter the middle flow channel 22 more stably.

[0050] The first liquid outlet channel 24 is arranged along the length of the tool holder body 1 and is parallel to the liquid inlet channel 21; a machine bed coolant system connection outlet 240 is provided at the end of the tool holder body 1, and the outlet 240 is the port of the first liquid outlet channel 24.

[0051] In actual production and use,

[0052] This embodiment 1 illustrates the example of the flow channel structure 2 being installed on a lathe tool.

[0053] The lathe tool in this embodiment includes a tool holder body 1, a cutting blade A, and a screw A1 for mounting the cutting blade A;

[0054] (1) From the perspective of three-dimensional structure, a groove 11 for mounting the cutting blade A is provided at one end of the tool holder body 1, and a flow channel structure 2 is provided inside the tool holder body 1.

[0055] (2) During the manufacturing process, the forming process of the tool holder body 1 in this embodiment is achieved by metal 3D printing technology; during the forming process of the flow channel structure 2 in this embodiment, the liquid inlet flow channel 21 is a flow channel structure 2 with a circular cross-section and a cross-sectional diameter of D. It is connected to the bottom flow channel 25 with the same circular cross-sectional shape and a cross-sectional diameter of D1. The diameter of the liquid inlet flow channel 21 is greater than the diameter D1 of the bottom flow channel 25, that is, D > D1.

[0056] (3) The end of the bottom flow channel 25 is connected to the middle flow channel 22. The cross-section of the middle flow channel 22 is a barrel-shaped structure with a middle drum and two ends. From this cross-section, the length of the middle flow channel 22 is L2, and the width forms two dimensions. One is the maximum dimension of the middle part, which is L4, and the other is the minimum dimension of the two ends, which is L3. L2, L3, and L4 satisfy: L2≥1.5L4≥3L3. This structure can significantly increase the heat exchange area between the cross-section and the surrounding area while ensuring sufficient flow. At the same time, the middle flow channel 22 presents an S-shaped layout around the bottom installation position of the blade A (i.e., the bottom position of the groove 11). This layout structure can also significantly increase the heat exchange area with the heat source of the blade A, improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the blade A, and ensure the structural strength of the groove 11 position at the head of the blade body 1.

[0057] (4) In addition, the side flow channel 23 is connected to the end of the central flow channel 22. The cross-sectional shape of the side flow channel 23 is a long strip structure with a width of L6 and a length of L5. L6 and L5 satisfy: L5≥2L6. This structural design can significantly increase the heat exchange area between the cross section and the surrounding area while ensuring sufficient flow. In addition, the side flow channel 23 also presents an S-shaped layout around the side mounting position of the blade A (i.e., the side groove wall position of the groove body 11), which can significantly increase the heat exchange area between the cross section and the surrounding area, improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the blade A, and fully take into account the structural strength of the groove body 11 of the cutting tool holder body 1.

[0058] (5) Connected to the end of the side channel 23 is the first liquid outlet channel 24, whose cross-sectional shape is a circle with a diameter of D2, where D2 satisfies D>D2>D1;

[0059] During cooling, the coolant flows in through the inlet channel 21, enters the bottom channel 25, flows through the middle channel 22, and then flows into the side channel 23. The coolant completes the heat exchange process with the cutting tool A while flowing through the middle channel 22 and the side channel 23, and finally flows out through the first outlet channel 24, completing one full cycle of internal cooling flow. This internal flow channel structure 2 of the tool holder body 1 is suitable for machining precision parts where direct pouring of coolant is not possible.

[0060] Through the differentiated design of each flow channel section of the cooling channel structure 2, namely the different flow channel cross sections (flow area) of the inlet flow channel 21, the middle flow channel 22, the side flow channel 23 and the first outlet flow channel 24, and the continuous reduction of the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel, on the one hand, the flow rate of the cooling medium can be continuously increased, thereby improving the heat exchange effect; on the other hand, due to the presence of the blade A in the tank 11, the external force borne by the blade A during the contact process with the workpiece will be applied to the tool holder body 1. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the middle flow channel 22 near the bottom surface of the tank 11 and the side flow channel 23 near the side wall of the tank 11 are relatively small, which has a smaller impact on the strength of the tool holder body 1, and better meets the usage requirements of various blades A and various processing conditions.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] The parts of this embodiment that are the same as those in embodiment one will not be repeated here. The difference is that:

[0063] like Figure 5-8 As shown, the flow channel structure 2 of this embodiment also includes a second liquid outlet flow channel 26 for cooling the coolant spray blade A, and a buffer space 27 for coolant buffering.

[0064] Specifically, the second liquid outlet channel 26 includes a transition channel 261, at least one spray channel 262, and a transfer channel 263. One end of the transition channel 261 is connected to the liquid inlet channel 21, and the other end is selectively connected to the transfer channel 263, thereby achieving communication with the spray channel 262. The flow area of ​​the transition channel 261 is smaller than the flow area of ​​the liquid inlet channel 21.

[0065] The transition channel 261 connects to the inlet channel 21, thus forming another branch for coolant flow; while the spray channel 262 is used to spray coolant onto the blade A; in addition, the transfer channel 263 is provided on the tool holder body 1 by a rotary switching element 3 (such as...). Figure 9 As shown), and rotates with the rotating switching component 3 to a set position so that the transition channel 261 is connected to the liquid spray channel 262.

[0066] Furthermore, it also includes a buffer space 27, which is located on the flow path of the liquid injection channel 262 and is respectively connected to the transfer channel 263 and each of the liquid injection channels 262, for buffering the flow pressure of the coolant;

[0067] In actual production and use:

[0068] (1) Part of the transition channel 261, buffer space 27 and liquid jet channel 262 are formed when the metal 3D printing tool holder body 1 is formed; while the transfer channel 263 is formed on the rotary switching part 3.

[0069] (2) The cross-sectional shape of the transition channel 261 is a circle with a diameter of D7, which is smaller than the diameter D of the liquid inlet channel 21. One end of the transition channel 261 is connected to the liquid inlet channel 21, and the other end is connected to the mounting hole H of the rotating switching component 3 on the tool holder body 1.

[0070] (3) The transfer channel 263 and the transition channel 261 are set with the same diameter, that is, their diameter D26 = D7. After the rotating switching component 3 is rotated to the set position, the transfer channel 263 can be aligned and connected with the transition channel 261.

[0071] (4) Buffer space 27, which is connected to transfer channel 263 and spray channel 262 respectively; This embodiment 2 is illustrated by a cubic buffer space 27 with a length of L15, a width of W10 and a height of H2, where L15≥4W10 and H2≥W10; The function of buffer space 27 is to provide a buffer space for the coolant flowing in from the inlet channel 21, so that some of the bubbles in the coolant are broken, thereby making the coolant flowing through the spray channel 262 more stable, reducing the disturbance and pressure instability caused by the breaking of bubbles when scouring the cutting edge area of ​​the cutting blade A, and effectively improving the surface quality of the workpiece.

[0072] (5) The spray channel 262 is located on the external component 4 so that it can be sprayed more accurately to the blade A. In this second embodiment, the spray hole of the spray channel 262 is a straight channel with a cross-sectional diameter of D27, where D27 satisfies D27<D26=D7.

[0073] When using,

[0074] In this second embodiment, the inlet channel 21 is simultaneously connected to the first outlet channel 24 and the second outlet channel 26 via the rotating switching component 3, forming a dual cooling mode, as detailed below:

[0075] By rotating the rotary switching component 3 to the set position, the intermediate flow channel 263 is connected to the transition flow channel 261, thereby connecting the second liquid outlet flow channel 26 with the liquid inlet flow channel 21. The coolant flows in from the inlet 210 of the liquid inlet flow channel 21 and forms two branch flow paths during the process of passing through the liquid inlet flow channel 21. The first path flows into the bottom flow channel 25, and then flows along the bottom flow channel 25, the middle flow channel 22 and the side flow channel 23 before flowing out from the first liquid outlet flow channel 24, forming the internal cooling of the tool holder body 1 and cooling the blade A through heat exchange. The other path flows into the transition flow channel 261, and then flows into the buffer space 27 from the intermediate flow channel 263 to relieve pressure and eliminate air bubbles. Finally, it is sprayed onto the blade A from the spray hole of the spray channel 262 for coolant spray cooling.

[0076] When it is necessary to switch to cooling only the first liquid outlet channel 24, the rotating switching component 3 can be rotated to make the upper intermediate channel 263 and the transition channel 261 misaligned. The coolant cannot enter the intermediate channel 263 and the spray channel 262, so it cannot be sprayed out from the spray hole.

[0077] This application provides a flow channel structure for cutting tools and a cutting tool in general. The structure is simple, easy to manufacture, readily achievable, and low in cost, solving the problem of poor internal cooling in existing cutting tools. This application overcomes the bottleneck of designing and manufacturing internal flow channels in existing tool holder bodies 1, enabling the fabrication of internal flow channels in the tool holder body 1. This solves the problem for some special products and precision parts that cannot be machined with coolant, such as aerospace, military, and automotive parts, which cannot come into contact with coolant. Without the internal circulation heat exchange cooling provided by the flow channel structure 2 designed in this application, existing cutting inserts cannot quickly exchange heat, thus requiring frequent replacement of insert A. While the machining process is complete, the cost of blade A is extremely high. However, the flow channel structure 2 of this application removes the heat from blade A through rapid heat exchange (i.e., indirect cooling). The heat dissipation efficiency of blade A is more than twice that of natural heat dissipation without cooling, which can significantly improve the heat dissipation effect of blade A and effectively alleviate the wear process of blade A. Moreover, this application also adopts a segmented design, varying flow area of ​​each flow channel, and a multi-layer design along the height of the tool holder body 1 to ensure sufficient flow while significantly increasing the heat exchange area between the cross section and the surrounding area, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the blade and the tool holder body 1.

[0078] The description of the above specification and embodiments is used to explain the scope of protection of this application, but does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A flow channel structure for a cutting tool, characterized in that: The flow channel structure is disposed on the tool holder body of the cutting tool; the flow channel structure includes a liquid inlet channel, a central channel, a side channel, and a first liquid outlet channel connected in sequence; the liquid inlet channel is disposed along the length direction of the tool holder body and is used to introduce coolant into the central channel; the central channel is disposed within the tool holder body and corresponds to the area below the groove for placing the cutting insert; the central channel includes several interconnected U-shaped channel segments, each of the U-shaped channel segments being arranged along the height direction of the tool holder body; the side channel is disposed along the length direction of the tool holder body. The cutter bar body is arranged in multiple layers along its height and is wrapped around the side wall near the tank body; the first liquid outlet channel is arranged along the length direction of the cutter bar body; wherein the flow area of ​​the middle channel, the side channel and the first liquid outlet channel is smaller than the flow area of ​​the inlet channel; the channel structure further includes: a bottom channel, which is located between the inlet channel and the middle channel; the flow area of ​​the bottom channel is smaller than the flow area of ​​the inlet channel and larger than the flow area of ​​the middle channel.

2. The flow channel structure for a cutting tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the central flow channel is flat, wider in the middle and gradually narrowing towards both sides along its length; the central flow channel is arranged in an S-shape around the height of the tool holder body.

3. The flow channel structure for a cutting tool as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional dimensions of the central flow channel are L2≥1.4L4≥3L3; Wherein, L2 is the distance between the two ends of the central flow channel cross section after it gradually narrows along the length direction; L4 is the maximum width of the central flow channel cross section; and L3 is the width of the two ends of the central flow channel cross section.

4. The flow channel structure for a cutting tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The side flow channels are arranged in an S-shape along the side wall of the tank, and the length-to-width ratio of the side flow channel cross-section is 2:

1.

5. A flow channel structure for a cutting tool as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The flow channel structure further includes a second liquid outlet flow channel for spraying coolant onto the blades to cool them down; the second liquid outlet flow channel includes a transition flow channel and at least one spray flow channel, one end of the transition flow channel is connected to the inlet flow channel, and the other end is selectively connected to the spray flow channel, and the flow area of ​​the transition flow channel is smaller than the flow area of ​​the inlet flow channel.

6. The flow channel structure for a cutting tool as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The cutter bar body is provided with a rotatable rotary switching component, and the second liquid outlet channel also includes a transfer channel, which is opened on the rotary switching component and rotates with the rotary switching component to a set position so that the transfer channel is connected to the liquid spray channel.

7. The flow channel structure for a cutting tool as described in claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a buffer space located on the flow path of the spray channel and connected to the transfer channel and each of the spray channels.

8. The flow channel structure for a cutting tool as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The cache space is arranged in the shape of a cube; the length to width ratio of the cache space is at least 4:1, and the height of the cache space is greater than its width.

9. A cutting tool, comprising a tool holder body; characterized in that: It also includes a flow channel structure as described in any one of claims 1-8, the flow channel structure being formed in the tool holder body to cool the tool holder body and the cutting blade mounted on the tool holder body.

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