A vortex spinning composite core yarn and a method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application relates to the field of textiles, and particularly discloses vortex spinning composite core-spun yarn and a preparation method thereof. The vortex spinning composite core-spun yarn comprises a structural yarn body prepared by vortex spinning, wherein the structural yarn body comprises a core yarn layer arranged along the length direction of the structural yarn body, the core yarn layer is a high-elastic modified spandex filament, and a core-sheath layer is coated on the core yarn layer, and the core-sheath layer is a surface-modified basalt short fiber layer. The vortex spinning composite core-spun yarn has the advantage of excellent structural yarn body stability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of textiles, more particularly, it relates to a vortex spinning composite core yarn and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The core yarn is a composite structure yarn composed of a continuous filament located at the core of the yarn and a short fiber layer with twist wrapped outside, which composites the filaments and short fibers with different properties at the yarn level, can fully exert the combined advantages of both, and makes the fabric exhibit performance and style that single component cannot achieve.

[0003] The main large-scale processing methods of the core yarn include ring spinning, rotor spinning, friction spinning, air jet vortex spinning, etc. Among them, the structure of the core yarn produced by ring spinning is unstable, which can cause the short fibers to slip on the yarn body, resulting in damage to the yarn body structure and the phenomenon of exposed yarn core filaments, affecting the performance of the yarn. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to improve the stability of the yarn body structure, the present application provides a vortex spinning composite core yarn and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a vortex spinning composite core yarn, which adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A vortex spinning composite core yarn, comprising a structure yarn body prepared by vortex spinning, wherein the structure yarn body comprises a core yarn layer arranged along the length direction of the structure yarn body, the core yarn layer is a high-elasticity modified spandex filament, and a core-wrapped layer is wrapped on the core yarn layer, the core-wrapped layer is a surface-modified basalt short fiber layer.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, the air jet vortex spinning core yarn takes the high-elasticity modified spandex filament as the core to act as a guide needle, guiding the head end of the surface-modified basalt short fiber into the yarn tail. On the one hand, it can reduce the probability of generating head end hairiness of the formed yarn; on the other hand, it can use the high-elasticity modified spandex filament to improve the strength of the yarn, reduce the broken end phenomenon caused by insufficient yarn strength in the process of forming the yarn and the subsequent weaving or product development, improve the production efficiency, and at the same time, retain the excellent heat resistance of the basalt short fiber, which has practical significance for improving the performance of the yarn.

[0008] Preferably, the high-elasticity modified spandex filament is prepared by the following steps:

[0009] S1, reacting polytetramethylene ether glycol and 4,4-diphenyl methane diisocyanate at 85℃ for 120min to obtain a capped prepolymer;

[0010] S2, mixing and dissolving the prepolymer with dimethylacetamide to form a prepolymer solution;

[0011] S3, re-add a crystallization agent to the prepolymer solution, stir uniformly, and cool to 10℃ to form a polymer solution;

[0012] S4, prepare a chain extender mixture solution;

[0013] S5, add the chain extender mixture solution to the polymer solution and react to form a polyurethane urea solution;

[0014] S6, add an additive to the polyurethane urea solution, mix uniformly, and dry spinning in a duct through a spinneret to form a spandex fiber.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the raw materials are polymerized to obtain a prepolymer, then the elasticity of the spandex fiber is improved by re-crystallization, and the molecular chain of the spandex fiber is lengthened by adding a chain extender, so that the spandex fiber is not easy to break, the elasticity of the spandex fiber is effectively improved, the spandex fiber maintains the resilience, and the elasticity of the core-spun yarn is improved.

[0016] Preferably, the crystallization agent is one of 4,4-diphenyl methane diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate and toluene diisocyanate.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the selection of the crystallization agent makes the crystallization zone appear in the spandex fiber, the crystallization zone is used as a hard segment phase, so that the spandex fiber is more tightly packed, and the structure of the spandex fiber is more complete and stable, so that the elasticity of the spandex fiber is enhanced.

[0018] Preferably, the chain extender is prepared by the following steps: dissolving ethylenediamine, 2-methylpentanediamine and diethylamine in dimethylacetamide to form a chain extender mixture solution.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the chain extender promotes the crystallization of the hard segment phase in the spandex fiber, so that the crystallization zone is further increased, the crystallization performance of the spandex fiber is improved, and the resilience of the spandex fiber is improved.

[0020] Preferably, the surface modified basalt short fiber layer uses a surface modified basalt fiber prepared by the following steps: S1, surface etching; S2, surface infiltration; S3, surface loading.

[0021] By adopting the technical scheme, the basalt fiber is first etched on the surface to form etching cracks, then the basalt fiber surface is infiltrated, and the etching cracks are infiltrated at the same time. When the basalt fiber surface needs to be loaded, the etching cracks play a role in positioning and fixing, and the infiltrated material in the etching cracks is used to bond the loaded material. Thus, the basalt fiber surface is modified to be rough, the surface friction between the modified basalt fiber and the spandex fiber is increased, the structure stability of the core-spun yarn body is effectively improved, and the possibility of core-spun yarn damage is reduced.

[0022] Preferably, the surface etching is one of acid-base etching or plasma etching.

[0023] By adopting the technical scheme, the basalt fiber surface is etched to form etching cracks, which is beneficial to load the infiltrated material and the loaded material, improve the roughness of the basalt fiber surface, and further improve the bonding stability between the spandex fiber and the basalt fiber and the structure stability of the core-spun yarn body.

[0024] Preferably, the loaded material used for the surface loading is a nanoparticle.

[0025] By adopting the technical scheme, the nanoparticle is loaded on the basalt fiber after the surface etching and surface infiltration, so as to improve the roughness of the basalt fiber surface, further improve the bonding stability between the spandex fiber and the basalt fiber, and improve the structure stability of the core-spun yarn body.

[0026] In the second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of vortex spinning composite core-spun yarn, which adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation method of vortex spinning composite core-spun yarn, comprising the following steps: S1, using a paint spraying vortex spinning machine for spinning, wherein the core yarn is unwound from a core yarn feeding device, enters the front roller nip after the tension device and the guide, the core yarn is four 110dtex high-elastic modified spandex fibers, and the pre-drafting multiple is 2.5-3.5 times;

[0027] The short fiber sliver is combined with the core yarn at the front roller nip after the drafting action of the drafting mechanism, and then is sucked into the nozzle. The short fiber sliver is quantified as 13-16 g / 5 m, the drafting multiple is 280 times, the spinning speed is 140-160 m / min, the nozzle air pressure is 0.3-0.6 MPa, and the distance from the guide needle to the entrance of the cone surface is 1 mm.

[0028] The tail end of the short fiber located at the periphery of the sliver away from the front roller nip is expanded and reversed and laid down on the conical part of the spinning spindle under the action of the high-speed rotating airflow in the nozzle twisting cavity.

[0029] S2, the head end of the short fiber in the sliver is dragged by the yarn formed in the spinning spindle, and is twisted into the newly formed yarn together with the core yarn to become the core of the yarn, and the tail end of the laid short fiber is wrapped around the formed yarn core in the direction of the rotating air flow to form the jet vortex spun core-spun yarn and is output from the yarn guide channel inside the spinning spindle.

[0030] By adopting the technical scheme, the core-spun yarn is prepared by using the vortex spinning process, has the characteristics of short process flow, high speed and high yield, and less labor, and the produced yarn has less hairiness, good wear resistance and anti-pilling.

[0031] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1, since the jet vortex spun core-spun yarn of the present application uses high-elastic modified spandex filament as the core to act as a guide needle, guiding the head end of the surface modified basalt short fiber into the yarn tail. On the one hand, it can reduce the probability of head end hairiness of the formed yarn; on the other hand, it can use high-elastic modified spandex filament to improve the strength of the yarn, reduce the broken end phenomenon caused by insufficient yarn strength in the process of yarn forming and subsequent weaving or product development, improve the production efficiency, and at the same time, it retains the excellent heat resistance of basalt short fiber, which has practical significance for improving the performance of the yarn.

[0033] 2, in the present application, the raw material is first polymerized to obtain a prepolymer, then the elasticity of the spandex fiber is improved by re-crystallization, and the spandex fiber molecular chain is increased by adding a chain extender, so that the spandex fiber is not easy to break, the elasticity of the spandex fiber is effectively improved, the spandex fiber maintains the resilience rate, and the elasticity of the core-spun yarn is improved.

[0034] 3, the method of the present application uses the vortex spinning process to prepare the core-spun yarn, has the characteristics of short process flow, high speed and high yield, and less labor, and the produced yarn has less hairiness, good wear resistance and anti-pilling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In the present application, the light stabilizer is Tinuvin 622 from BASF, the ultraviolet absorber is Tinuvin 328, and the spandex yellowing inhibitor is TSA-011.

[0036] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with examples.

[0037] Preparation Example

[0038] Preparation Example 1

[0039] The present preparation example discloses a high-elastic modified spandex filament, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0040] S1, 3400 g of polytetramethylene ether glycol and 725 g of 4,4-diphenyl methane diisocyanate were reacted at 85°C for 120 min to obtain a capped prepolymer;

[0041] S2, the prepolymer was mixed and dissolved with 6930 g of dimethylacetamide to form a prepolymer solution;

[0042] S3, 25 g of 4,4-diphenyl methane diisocyanate was added to the prepolymer solution, stirred uniformly, and cooled to 10°C to form a polymer solution;

[0043] S4, a chain extender mixture solution was prepared by dissolving 51.5 g of ethylenediamine, 29.2 g of 2-methylpentanediamine, and 5.5 g of diethylamine in 933.7 g of dimethylacetamide to form a chain extender mixture solution;

[0044] S5, the above chain extender mixture solution was quickly added to the polymer solution while stirring to form a polyurethane urea solution.

[0045] S6, 10 g of titanium dioxide, 20 g of light stabilizer, 10 g of ultraviolet absorber, and 10 g of spandex yellowing inhibitor were added to the polyurethane urea solution and mixed uniformly, and then dry spinning was performed in the duct by extruding through a spinneret to form a spandex fiber.

[0046] Preparation Example 2

[0047] The present preparation example discloses a high-elasticity modified spandex fiber filament prepared by the following steps: S1, 3400 g of polytetramethylene ether glycol and 725 g of 4,4-diphenyl methane diisocyanate were reacted at 85°C for 120 min to obtain a capped prepolymer;

[0048] S2, the prepolymer was mixed and dissolved with 6930 g of dimethylacetamide to form a prepolymer solution;

[0049] S3, 25 g of 4,4-diphenyl methane diisocyanate was added to the prepolymer solution, stirred uniformly, and cooled to 10°C to form a polymer solution;

[0050] S4, a chain extender mixture solution was prepared by dissolving 51.5 g of ethylenediamine, 29.2 g of 2-methylpentanediamine, and 5.5 g of diethylamine in 933.7 g of dimethylacetamide to form a chain extender mixture solution;

[0051] S5, the above chain extender mixture solution was quickly added to the polymer solution while stirring to form a polyurethane urea solution.

[0052] S6. Add 10g of titanium dioxide, 20g of light stabilizer, 10g of ultraviolet absorber and 10g of spandex anti-yellowing agent to polyurethane urea solution and mix evenly. Then, extrude the mixture through a spinneret into a channel for dry spinning to form spandex fibers.

[0053] Preparation Example 3

[0054] This preparation example discloses a high-elasticity modified spandex fiber filament, which is prepared by the following steps: S1, 3400g of polytetramethylene ether glycol and 725g of 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate are reacted at 85°C for 120min to obtain a capped prepolymer;

[0055] S2. Mix and dissolve the prepolymer with 6930g of dimethylacetamide to form a prepolymer solution;

[0056] S3. Add 17g of toluene diisocyanate to the prepolymer solution, stir well, and cool to 10℃ to form a polymer solution.

[0057] S4. Prepare a chain extender mixture solution by dissolving 51.5g ethylenediamine, 29.2g 2-methylpentanediamine, and 5.5g diethylamine in 933.7g dimethylacetamide to form a chain extender mixture solution;

[0058] S5. While stirring, the above chain extender mixture is rapidly added to the polymer solution to react and form a polyurethane urea solution.

[0059] S6. Add 10g of titanium dioxide, 20g of light stabilizer, 10g of ultraviolet absorber and 10g of spandex anti-yellowing agent to polyurethane urea solution and mix evenly. Then, extrude the mixture through a spinneret into a channel for dry spinning to form spandex fibers.

[0060] Preparation Example 4

[0061] This preparation example discloses a high-elasticity modified spandex fiber filament, which is prepared by the following steps: S1, 3400g of polytetramethylene ether glycol and 725g of 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate are reacted at 85°C for 120min to obtain a capped prepolymer;

[0062] S2. Mix and dissolve the prepolymer with 6930g of dimethylacetamide to form a polyurethane urea solution.

[0063] S3. Add 10g of titanium dioxide, 20g of light stabilizer, 10g of ultraviolet absorber and 10g of spandex anti-yellowing agent to polyurethane urea solution and mix evenly. Then, extrude the mixture through a spinneret into a channel for dry spinning to form spandex fibers.

[0064] Preparation Example 5

[0065] This preparation example discloses a surface-modified basalt fiber, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0066] S1. Surface etching: After cutting the basalt fiber bundles, they are placed in deionized water to detwirl. The length of the cut basalt fiber bundles is 10mm. Then, they are dried with hot air at 80℃. Then, they are treated by a glow discharge low-temperature plasma instrument with a discharge power of 25W, a discharge pressure of 20Pa, and a time of 1min to complete the surface etching.

[0067] S2. Surface wetting: Mix 1 kg of bis(phthalonitrile), 2 kg of catechol, 2 kg of polyethyleneimine, 1 kg of tannic acid and 3 kg of aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and immerse the basalt fiber in the mixture until the liquid level covers the basalt fiber.

[0068] S3, Surface Loading: Continue to add titanium dioxide nanoparticles to the mixture. The weight of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is 1 / 10 of the weight of the basalt fiber. Stir at 300 r / min for 2 h. After taking it out, dry it with hot air at 80℃ to obtain surface-modified basalt fiber.

[0069] Preparation Example 6

[0070] This preparation example discloses a surface-modified basalt fiber, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0071] S1. Surface etching: After cutting the basalt fiber bundles, they are placed in deionized water to detwirl. The length of the cut basalt fiber bundles is 10mm. Then, they are soaked in a 1mol / L hydrochloric acid solution for 6 hours. After taking them out, they are washed with deionized water 3 times and dried with hot air at 80℃.

[0072] S2. Surface wetting: Mix 1 kg of bis(phthalonitrile), 2 kg of catechol, 2 kg of polyethyleneimine, 1 kg of tannic acid and 3 kg of aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and immerse the basalt fiber in the mixture until the liquid level covers the basalt fiber.

[0073] S3, Surface Loading: Continue to add titanium dioxide nanoparticles to the mixture. The weight of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is 1 / 10 of the weight of the basalt fiber. Stir at 300 r / min for 2 h. After taking it out, dry it with hot air at 80℃ to obtain surface-modified basalt fiber.

[0074] Preparation Example 7

[0075] This preparation example discloses a surface-modified basalt fiber, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0076] S1. Surface etching: After cutting the basalt fiber bundles, they are placed in deionized water to detwirl. The length of the cut basalt fiber bundles is 10mm. Then, they are soaked in a 1mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution for 6 hours. After taking them out, they are washed with deionized water 3 times and dried with hot air at 80℃.

[0077] S2. Surface wetting: Mix 1 kg of bis(phthalonitrile), 2 kg of catechol, 2 kg of polyethyleneimine, 1 kg of tannic acid and 3 kg of aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and immerse the basalt fiber in the mixture until the liquid level covers the basalt fiber.

[0078] S3, Surface Loading: Continue to add titanium dioxide nanoparticles to the mixture. The weight of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is 1 / 10 of the weight of the basalt fiber. Stir at 300 r / min for 2 h. After taking it out, dry it with hot air at 80℃ to obtain surface-modified basalt fiber.

[0079] Example

[0080] Example 1

[0081] This embodiment provides a vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0082] S1. Spinning is carried out using a spray-painted vortex spinning machine, wherein the core yarn is unwound from the core yarn feeding device, and enters the front roller nip after passing through the tension device and the yarn guide. The core yarn is four 110dtex high-elasticity modified spandex fibers prepared in Example 1, and the pre-stretch ratio is 2.5 times.

[0083] After being drawn by the drafting mechanism, the short fiber sliver merges with the core filament at the front roller nip and is then sucked into the nozzle. The short fiber sliver is made of the surface-modified basalt fiber prepared in Example 5. The sliver weight is 13 g / 5 m, the draft ratio is 280 times, the spinning speed is 140 m / min, the nozzle air pressure is 0.3 MPa, and the distance from the guide needle to the cone inlet is 1 mm.

[0084] The short fiber tails that leave the front roller nip and are located on the periphery of the sliver are expanded and reversed by the high-speed rotating airflow in the nozzle twisting chamber and lie flat on the cone of the spindle.

[0085] S2. The short fiber ends in the sliver are dragged by the yarn already formed in the spindle and twisted into the newly formed yarn together with the core yarn to become the yarn core. The short fiber ends that lie flat are wrapped around the yarn core in the direction of the rotating airflow to form a jet vortex spun core-spun yarn, which is then output from the yarn guide channel inside the spindle.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] This embodiment provides a vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0088] S1. Spinning is carried out using a spray-painted vortex spinning machine, wherein the core yarn is unwound from the core yarn feeding device, and enters the front roller nip after passing through the tension device and the yarn guide. The core yarn is four 110dtex high-elasticity modified spandex fibers prepared in Example 1, with a pre-stretch ratio of 2.8 times.

[0089] After being drawn by the drafting mechanism, the short fiber sliver merges with the core filament at the front roller nip and is then sucked into the nozzle. The short fiber sliver is made of the surface-modified basalt fiber prepared in Example 5. The sliver weight is 14.5 g / 5 m, the draft ratio is 280 times, the spinning speed is 150 m / min, the nozzle air pressure is 0.45 MPa, and the distance from the guide needle to the cone inlet is 1 mm.

[0090] The short fiber tails that leave the front roller nip and are located on the periphery of the sliver are expanded and reversed by the high-speed rotating airflow in the nozzle twisting chamber and lie flat on the cone of the spindle.

[0091] S2. The short fiber ends in the sliver are dragged by the yarn already formed in the spindle and twisted into the newly formed yarn together with the core yarn to become the yarn core. The short fiber ends that lie flat are wrapped around the yarn core in the direction of the rotating airflow to form a jet vortex spun core-spun yarn, which is then output from the yarn guide channel inside the spindle.

[0092] Example 3

[0093] This embodiment provides a vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0094] S1. Spinning is carried out using a spray-painted vortex spinning machine, wherein the core yarn is unwound from the core yarn feeding device, and enters the front roller nip after passing through the tension device and the yarn guide. The core yarn is four 110dtex high-elasticity modified spandex fibers prepared in Example 1, and the pre-stretch ratio is 3.5 times.

[0095] After being drawn by the drafting mechanism, the short fiber sliver merges with the core filament at the front roller nip and is then sucked into the nozzle. The short fiber sliver is made of the surface-modified basalt fiber prepared in Example 5. The sliver weight is 16 g / 5 m, the draft ratio is 280 times, the spinning speed is 160 m / min, the nozzle air pressure is 0.6 MPa, and the distance from the guide needle to the cone inlet is 1 mm.

[0096] The short fiber tails that leave the front roller nip and are located on the periphery of the sliver are expanded and reversed by the high-speed rotating airflow in the nozzle twisting chamber and lie flat on the cone of the spindle.

[0097] S2. The short fiber ends in the sliver are dragged by the yarn already formed in the spindle and twisted into the newly formed yarn together with the core yarn to become the yarn core. The short fiber ends that lie flat are wrapped around the yarn core in the direction of the rotating airflow to form a jet vortex spun core-spun yarn, which is then output from the yarn guide channel inside the spindle.

[0098] Example 4

[0099] This embodiment provides a vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0100] S1. Spinning is carried out using a spray-painted vortex spinning machine, wherein the core yarn is unwound from the core yarn feeding device, and enters the front roller nip after passing through the tension device and the yarn guide. The core yarn is four 110dtex high-elasticity modified spandex fibers prepared in Example 2, and the pre-stretch ratio is 2.8 times.

[0101] After being drawn by the drafting mechanism, the short fiber sliver merges with the core filament at the front roller nip and is then sucked into the nozzle. The short fiber sliver is made of the surface-modified basalt fiber prepared in Example 5. The sliver weight is 14.5 g / 5 m, the draft ratio is 280 times, the spinning speed is 150 m / min, the nozzle air pressure is 0.45 MPa, and the distance from the guide needle to the cone inlet is 1 mm.

[0102] The short fiber tails that leave the front roller nip and are located on the periphery of the sliver are expanded and reversed by the high-speed rotating airflow in the nozzle twisting chamber and lie flat on the cone of the spindle.

[0103] S2. The short fiber ends in the sliver are dragged by the yarn already formed in the spindle and twisted into the newly formed yarn together with the core yarn to become the yarn core. The short fiber ends that lie flat are wrapped around the yarn core in the direction of the rotating airflow to form a jet vortex spun core-spun yarn, which is then output from the yarn guide channel inside the spindle.

[0104] Example 5

[0105] This embodiment provides a vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0106] S1. Spinning is carried out using a spray-painted vortex spinning machine, wherein the core yarn is unwound from the core yarn feeding device, and enters the front roller nip after passing through the tension device and the yarn guide. The core yarn is four 110dtex high-elasticity modified spandex fibers prepared in Example 3, and the pre-stretch ratio is 2.8 times.

[0107] After being drawn by the drafting mechanism, the short fiber sliver merges with the core filament at the front roller nip and is then sucked into the nozzle. The short fiber sliver is made of the surface-modified basalt fiber prepared in Example 5. The sliver weight is 14.5 g / 5 m, the draft ratio is 280 times, the spinning speed is 150 m / min, the nozzle air pressure is 0.45 MPa, and the distance from the guide needle to the cone inlet is 1 mm.

[0108] The short fiber tails that leave the front roller nip and are located on the periphery of the sliver are expanded and reversed by the high-speed rotating airflow in the nozzle twisting chamber and lie flat on the cone of the spindle.

[0109] S2. The short fiber ends in the sliver are dragged by the yarn already formed in the spindle and twisted into the newly formed yarn together with the core yarn to become the yarn core. The short fiber ends that lie flat are wrapped around the yarn core in the direction of the rotating airflow to form a jet vortex spun core-spun yarn, which is then output from the yarn guide channel inside the spindle.

[0110] Example 6

[0111] This embodiment provides a vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0112] S1. Spinning is carried out using a spray-painted vortex spinning machine, wherein the core yarn is unwound from the core yarn feeding device, and enters the front roller nip after passing through the tension device and the yarn guide. The core yarn is four 110dtex high-elasticity modified spandex fibers prepared in Example 1, with a pre-stretch ratio of 2.8 times.

[0113] After being drawn by the drafting mechanism, the short fiber sliver merges with the core filament at the front roller nip and is then sucked into the nozzle. The short fiber sliver is made of the surface-modified basalt fiber prepared in Example 6. The sliver weight is 14.5 g / 5 m, the draft ratio is 280 times, the spinning speed is 150 m / min, the nozzle air pressure is 0.45 MPa, and the distance from the guide needle to the cone inlet is 1 mm.

[0114] The short fiber tails that leave the front roller nip and are located on the periphery of the sliver are expanded and reversed by the high-speed rotating airflow in the nozzle twisting chamber and lie flat on the cone of the spindle.

[0115] S2. The short fiber ends in the sliver are dragged by the yarn already formed in the spindle and twisted into the newly formed yarn together with the core yarn to become the yarn core. The short fiber ends that lie flat are wrapped around the yarn core in the direction of the rotating airflow to form a jet vortex spun core-spun yarn, which is then output from the yarn guide channel inside the spindle.

[0116] Example 7

[0117] This embodiment provides a vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0118] S1. Spinning is carried out using a spray-painted vortex spinning machine, wherein the core yarn is unwound from the core yarn feeding device, and enters the front roller nip after passing through the tension device and the yarn guide. The core yarn is four 110dtex high-elasticity modified spandex fibers prepared in Example 1, with a pre-stretch ratio of 2.8 times.

[0119] After being drawn by the drafting mechanism, the short fiber sliver merges with the core filament at the front roller nip and is then sucked into the nozzle. The short fiber sliver is made of the surface-modified basalt fiber prepared in Example 7. The sliver weight is 14.5 g / 5 m, the draft ratio is 280 times, the spinning speed is 150 m / min, the nozzle air pressure is 0.45 MPa, and the distance from the guide needle to the cone inlet is 1 mm.

[0120] The short fiber tails that leave the front roller nip and are located on the periphery of the sliver are expanded and reversed by the high-speed rotating airflow in the nozzle twisting chamber and lie flat on the cone of the spindle.

[0121] S2. The short fiber ends in the sliver are dragged by the yarn already formed in the spindle and twisted into the newly formed yarn together with the core yarn to become the yarn core. The short fiber ends that lie flat are wrapped around the yarn core in the direction of the rotating airflow to form a jet vortex spun core-spun yarn, which is then output from the yarn guide channel inside the spindle.

[0122] Comparative Example

[0123] Comparative Example 1

[0124] This comparative example discloses a vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0125] S1. Spinning is carried out using a spray-painted vortex spinning machine, wherein the core yarn is unwound from the core yarn feeding device, and enters the front roller nip after passing through the tension device and the yarn guide. The core yarn is four 110 dtex spandex fibers prepared in Example 4, and the pre-stretch ratio is 2.8 times.

[0126] After being drawn by the drafting mechanism, the short fiber sliver merges with the core filament at the front roller nip and is then sucked into the nozzle. The short fiber sliver is made of the surface-modified basalt fiber prepared in Example 5. The sliver weight is 14.5 g / 5 m, the draft ratio is 280 times, the spinning speed is 150 m / min, the nozzle air pressure is 0.45 MPa, and the distance from the guide needle to the cone inlet is 1 mm.

[0127] The short fiber tails that leave the front roller nip and are located on the periphery of the sliver are expanded and reversed by the high-speed rotating airflow in the nozzle twisting chamber and lie flat on the cone of the spindle.

[0128] S2. The short fiber ends in the sliver are dragged by the yarn already formed in the spindle and twisted into the newly formed yarn together with the core yarn to become the yarn core. The short fiber ends that lie flat are wrapped around the yarn core in the direction of the rotating airflow to form a jet vortex spun core-spun yarn, which is then output from the yarn guide channel inside the spindle.

[0129] Comparative Example 2

[0130] This comparative example discloses a vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0131] S1. Spinning is carried out using a spray-painted vortex spinning machine, wherein the core yarn is unwound from the core yarn feeding device, and enters the front roller nip after passing through the tension device and the yarn guide. The core yarn is four 110 dtex spandex fibers prepared in Example 1, and the pre-stretch ratio is 2.8 times.

[0132] After being drawn by the drafting mechanism, the short fiber sliver merges with the core yarn at the front roller nip and is then sucked into the nozzle. The short fiber sliver is made of basalt fiber, with a sliver weight of 14.5g / 5m, a draft ratio of 280, a spinning speed of 150m / min, a nozzle air pressure of 0.45MPa, and a guide needle to the cone inlet distance of 1mm.

[0133] The short fiber tails that leave the front roller nip and are located on the periphery of the sliver are expanded and reversed by the high-speed rotating airflow in the nozzle twisting chamber and lie flat on the cone of the spindle.

[0134] S2. The short fiber ends in the sliver are dragged by the yarn already formed in the spindle and twisted into the newly formed yarn together with the core yarn to become the yarn core. The short fiber ends that lie flat are wrapped around the yarn core in the direction of the rotating airflow to form a jet vortex spun core-spun yarn, which is then output from the yarn guide channel inside the spindle.

[0135] Comparative Example 3

[0136] This comparative example discloses a vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn, which is prepared by the following steps:

[0137] S1. Spinning is carried out using a spray-painted vortex spinning machine, wherein the core yarn is unwound from the core yarn feeding device, and enters the front roller nip after passing through the tension device and the yarn guide. The core yarn is four 110 dtex spandex fibers prepared in Example 4, and the pre-stretch ratio is 2.8 times.

[0138] After being drawn by the drafting mechanism, the short fiber sliver merges with the core yarn at the front roller nip and is then sucked into the nozzle. The short fiber sliver is made of basalt fiber, with a sliver weight of 14.5g / 5m, a draft ratio of 280, a spinning speed of 150m / min, a nozzle air pressure of 0.45MPa, and a guide needle to the cone inlet distance of 1mm.

[0139] The short fiber tails that leave the front roller nip and are located on the periphery of the sliver are expanded and reversed by the high-speed rotating airflow in the nozzle twisting chamber and lie flat on the cone of the spindle.

[0140] S2. The short fiber ends in the sliver are dragged by the yarn already formed in the spindle and twisted into the newly formed yarn together with the core yarn to become the yarn core. The short fiber ends that lie flat are wrapped around the yarn core in the direction of the rotating airflow to form a jet vortex spun core-spun yarn, which is then output from the yarn guide channel inside the spindle.

[0141] Performance testing

[0142] The short beam shear test is the most commonly used method to characterize the interlaminar shear strength of composite materials. The interlaminar properties of materials are tested according to the standard ASTM D2344, and the interlaminar shear properties of composite materials are represented by the short beam shear strength.

[0143] The sample was placed in a constant temperature and humidity laboratory with a temperature of (20±2)℃ and a relative humidity of (65±2)% for 24 hours. The spacing length was 200mm, the stretching speed was 100mm / min, and the pre-tension of the yarn was (0.5±0.1)cN / tex.

[0144] Using 5% of the yarn spacing length as the constant elongation value, the pause and recovery times were 30 and 120 seconds, respectively, and the yarn was stretched repeatedly 10 times. The test was conducted on an XL-2 type yarn tensile strength tester. In the 10th stretch cycle, the stretching pause was 30 seconds and the recovery pause was 120 seconds. Each sample was tested 20 times to measure the yarn's elasticity under constant elongation and the average value was taken.

[0145] Using 200cN as the constant load value for the yarn, the pause and recovery times were 30s and 120s, respectively, and the yarn was repeatedly stretched 10 times. The XL-2 type yarn tensile elongation tester was used for testing. In the 10th stretching cycle, the stretching pause was 30s and the recovery pause was 120s. Each sample was tested 20 times to measure the elasticity of the yarn under constant load repeated stretching, and the average value was taken.

[0146]

[0147] As can be seen from Examples 2, 4, and 5, and Table 1, the raw materials are first polymerized to obtain a prepolymer. Then, recrystallization is used to improve the elasticity of the spandex fiber. Furthermore, the addition of a chain extender increases the molecular chain length of the spandex fiber, making it less prone to breakage, effectively improving the elasticity of the spandex fiber and maintaining its resilience, thereby enhancing the elasticity of the core-spun yarn. The choice of crystallizing agent creates crystalline regions within the spandex fiber. These crystalline regions act as hard segments, resulting in a denser internal structure of the spandex fiber, leading to a more complete and stable structure, thus enhancing its elasticity.

[0148] As can be seen from Examples 2, 6, and 7 and Table 1, etching the surface of basalt fibers creates etching cracks, which is beneficial for loading impregnating and loading substances, improving the surface roughness of basalt fibers, thereby improving the bonding stability between spandex fibers and basalt fibers, and improving the yarn structure stability of core-spun yarn.

[0149] As can be seen from Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-3, and Table 1, the basalt fiber is first etched to form etched cracks. Then, when the basalt fiber surface is impregnated, the etched cracks are also impregnated. When a load needs to be applied to the basalt fiber surface, the etched cracks play a role in positioning and fixing. At the same time, the impregnating material in the etched cracks is used to bond the load material, thereby roughening the basalt fiber surface. This increases the friction between the modified basalt fiber and the spandex fiber surface, effectively improving the structural stability of the core-spun yarn and reducing the possibility of core-spun yarn breakage.

[0150] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn, characterized in that, The structured yarn body is formed by eddy spinning. The structured yarn body consists of a core yarn layer arranged along the length direction of the structured yarn body. The core yarn layer is a high-elastic modified spandex fiber filament. The core yarn layer is covered with a core-spun layer, which is a surface-modified basalt short fiber layer. The high-elasticity modified spandex fiber filament is prepared by the following steps: S1. Polytetramethylene ether glycol and 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate are reacted at 85°C for 120 min to obtain a capped prepolymer; S2. The prepolymer is mixed and dissolved with dimethylacetamide to form a prepolymer solution; S3. Add crystallizing agent to prepolymer solution, stir evenly, and cool to 10℃ to form polymer solution; S4. Prepare chain extender mixture solution; S5. While stirring, the above chain extender mixture is rapidly added to the polymer solution to react and form a polyurethane urea solution; S6. The additive is added to the polyurethane urea solution and mixed evenly, and then dry-spun through a spinneret in a channel to form spandex fibers. The surface-modified basalt short fiber layer is prepared by the following steps: S1, surface etching; S2, surface wetting; S3, surface loading; the surface etching is carried out by one of acid-base etching or plasma etching; the loading material used for surface loading is titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

2. The vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crystallizing agent is one of 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, and toluene diisocyanate.

3. The vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chain extender is prepared by the following steps: dissolving ethylenediamine, 2-methylpentanediamine and diethylamine in dimethylacetamide to form a chain extender mixture solution.

4. The preparation process of the vortex-spun composite core-spun yarn according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Spinning is performed using a spray-painted vortex spinning machine. The core yarn is unwound from the core yarn feeding device, passes through the tension device and the yarn guide, and enters the front roller nip. The core yarn consists of four 110dtex high-elasticity modified spandex fibers with a pre-draft ratio of 2.5 to 3.

5. After being drafted by the drafting mechanism, the short fiber sliver merges with the core yarn at the front roller nip and is then sucked into the nozzle. The short fiber sliver has a basis weight of 13 to 16 g / 5m, a draft ratio of 280, a spinning speed of 140 to 160 m / min, a nozzle air pressure of 0.3 to 0.6 MPa, and a guide needle to the cone inlet distance of 1 mm. The short fiber tails that leave the front roller nip and are located on the periphery of the sliver are expanded and reversed by the high-speed rotating airflow in the nozzle twisting chamber, and lie flat on the cone of the spindle. S2. The short fiber ends in the sliver are dragged by the yarn already formed in the spindle and twisted into the newly formed yarn together with the core yarn to become the yarn core. The short fiber ends that lie flat are wrapped around the yarn core in the direction of the rotating airflow to form a jet vortex spun core-spun yarn, which is then output from the yarn guide channel inside the spindle.

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