A highway reconstruction and expansion pavement digital design method

Abstract

The application discloses a highway reconstruction and expansion pavement digital design method, comprising the following steps: existing highway data acquisition and processing; highway reconstruction and expansion overall scheme design; plane splicing and widening design; longitudinal surface overlay design; reconstruction and expansion pavement scheme calculation; reconstruction and expansion pavement model creation; design drawing and table generation. The application is characterized in that, aiming at the characteristics of various types of highway reconstruction and expansion pavement design schemes and high refinement requirements, the area of the reconstruction and expansion pavement is divided according to the plane position relationship between the existing highway and the reconstruction and expansion highway, and the subsequent refinement overlay and expansion design for the specific area is supported, so that the design requirements of high efficiency and high precision are well balanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of highway reconstruction and expansion, and in particular to a digital design method for highway reconstruction and expansion pavement. Background Technology

[0002] my country's highway construction has shifted from pursuing speed and scale to focusing more on quality and efficiency. With the increasing number of highway expansion and renovation projects, the design of expansion and renovation, especially pavement design, differs significantly from traditional design methods due to the limitations of existing highway conditions. Consequently, a series of problems have emerged that urgently need to be addressed. First, the flexible positional relationship between existing highways and reconstructed / expanded highways results in a large number of pavement design schemes and complex applicable conditions. Combined with factors such as traffic maintenance requirements, traditional design methods struggle to cope with the ever-increasing number and complexity of schemes. Second, while various data collection methods are used to accurately describe the surface morphology of existing highways, the calculation of the longitudinal elevation difference between existing and reconstructed / expanded highways suffers from high manual calculation volume and low efficiency. Typically, only a small number of points are used in the calculation, and these are presented as typical design values ​​for a large section of the reconstructed / expanded pavement, resulting in very low accuracy in calculating pavement quantities. Finally, poor coordination between the overlay and expansion schemes on the reconstructed / expanded pavement often leads to unclear thickness of the same layer on the expansion side due to the presence of a leveling layer on the overlay side. This further causes problems such as unclear control elevations for each layer on the expansion side, making it difficult to guarantee the quality of subsequent construction of the reconstructed / expanded pavement. Furthermore, the difficulty in calculating and accurately determining the milling quantities of the old road also severely restricts the efficient recycling of asphalt. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a digital design method for highway reconstruction and expansion pavement. By using digital technology to transform and upgrade the traditional highway reconstruction and expansion pavement design method, the design and construction quality of reconstruction and expansion pavement will be greatly improved, and it will also promote related aspects such as traffic organization, carbon emission calculation, and the manufacturing and application of intelligent construction equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a digital design method for road surface reconstruction and expansion, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Data collection and processing of existing highways;

[0006] S2 Highway Reconstruction and Expansion Overall Design;

[0007] S3, planar splicing design;

[0008] S4, longitudinal overlay design;

[0009] S5. Calculation of road surface reconstruction and expansion scheme;

[0010] S6. Creating a model for the reconstructed and expanded road surface;

[0011] S7. Design drawing and table generation.

[0012] Optionally, step S1 specifically includes:

[0013] (1) The existing highway basic data is obtained by using airborne or vehicle-mounted lidar, UAV oblique photography and manual measurement. The basic data includes surface morphology point cloud data and building distribution. The basic data is processed by line fitting to obtain the existing highway alignment data. The alignment data includes planar, longitudinal and cross-sectional data.

[0014] (2) Using drilling and geophysical exploration techniques, obtain the number of layers, thickness and materials of the pavement structure in different sections and parts of the existing highway, conduct tests and inspections, and determine the current status of pavement structure defects and performance of each section.

[0015] Optionally, in step S2, based on the existing highway alignment, building and structure distribution, and existing pavement structure data, the alignment scheme and pavement structure scheme of the reconstructed and expanded highway are designed to obtain the horizontal, vertical and cross-sectional data of the reconstructed and expanded highway, as well as the number of pavement structure layers, thickness and materials of different road sections and different parts.

[0016] Optionally, step S3 specifically includes:

[0017] (1) Based on the horizontal positional relationship between the existing highway and the highway to be reconstructed and expanded, the horizontal widening types are defined as: double-sided widening, single-double-sided transition, single-sided widening, and separate new construction. Among them, single-double-sided transition is further divided into two types: single-sided widening transition to double-sided widening and double-sided widening transition to single-sided widening.

[0018] (2) Calculate the horizontal distance ΔL between the existing highway and the reconstructed / expanded highway, and design the horizontal distance limit value L corresponding to different horizontal width-splitting types based on the project characteristics. i :

[0019]

[0020] In the formula: ΔL is the horizontal distance between the existing highway and the reconstructed / expanded highway, L1 is the double-sided width extension limit value, L2 is the single-sided width extension limit value, and L3 is the separation and new construction limit value;

[0021] (3) Based on different plane width types, the road surface to be reconstructed and expanded is divided into two categories: overlay area and expansion area. From the perspective of cross section, the area where the road surface structure of the reconstructed and expanded highway overlaps with that of the existing highway to be utilized is the overlay area, and the area where they do not overlap is the expansion area.

[0022] (4) Based on the type of widening and the location relationship between the existing highway and the reconstruction and expansion highway, the types of the overlay area are further subdivided. The classification rules include: whether it is the side for maintaining traffic flow, whether it is the section for adjusting the superelevation, and whether it is located between the old and new design lines. The types of the overlay area are classified in detail according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] Optionally, step S4 specifically includes:

[0024] (1) Define the location of the longitudinal overlay calculation point for each overlay area. The location of the calculation point is determined based on the location of the existing highway basic data collection. The location includes: the curb of the reconstructed and expanded highway, the curb of the existing highway, the inner side of the hard shoulder of the existing highway, and the location of the boundary between the overlay area and the expansion area. Multiple calculation points can be set in one overlay area as needed.

[0025] (2) Calculate the elevation difference h between the existing highway and the road to be reconstructed / expanded at each calculation point within the current overlay area. i Based on the principle of taking the larger or smaller value, the elevation difference Δh used in the current overlay area design is obtained, which is used to guide the subsequent overlay pavement structure design calculations:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula: Δh is the elevation difference used in the design of the overlay area; h i The difference in elevation between the existing highway and the reconstructed / expanded highway at each calculation point;

[0028] (3) Design the matching relationship between the elevation difference Δh of the overlay area and the pavement structure scheme to obtain the number of overlay pavement structure layers and the corresponding elevation boundary value of the overlay area:

[0029]

[0030] Where: n i To increase the number of pavement structural layers, Δh i The boundary value for the road overlay area is raised; other symbols are the same as before.

[0031] (4) For different pavement structure schemes with different number of overlay layers, design the thickness of each pavement structure layer, and control the thickness of each layer using two values: maximum thickness and minimum thickness. When the maximum thickness and minimum thickness are not equal, the layer is defined as a leveling layer; otherwise, the layer is defined as a fixed layer.

[0032] (5) Thickness of leveling layer pavement structure BH i The calculation location is at the longitudinal overlay calculation point corresponding to the elevation difference used in the design. It is obtained by calculating the thickness of the fixed layer and the elevation difference Δh in the current overlay area pavement structure scheme:

[0033]

[0034] Where: BH i To adjust the thickness of the leveling layer pavement structure, ΣA i BH is the sum of the thicknesses of the fixed-layer pavement structure. min This is the minimum thickness value for the leveling layer pavement structure.

[0035] (6) Using the same calculation method as in Formula 4, calculate the thickness of the leveling layer at each other calculation point in the overlay area in turn, so as to provide data for drawing the shape of the leveling layer in the cross section scheme.

[0036] Optionally, step S5 specifically includes:

[0037] (1) The number of layers, layer thickness and materials of the pavement structure in the expansion area are first adopted from the pavement structure data of the overall highway reconstruction and expansion scheme design in step S2;

[0038] (2) Read the layer position and thickness of the intermediate leveling pavement structure in the overlay area at the boundary adjacent to the expansion area, and then compare the thickness of the same layer in the overlay area. Take the larger value of the two as the design thickness of the layer in the expansion area, so as to achieve the alignment of the elevation of each layer in the expansion area and the adjacent overlay area.

[0039] (3) When the pavement structure of the expansion area and the overlay area are aligned, the total thickness of the pavement structure in the expansion area may change. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring that the total thickness of the pavement structure remains unchanged, any layer in the pavement structure of the expansion area is selected for thickness adjustment. The thickness adjustment calculation method is as follows:

[0040] H t =H ys -(ZH t -ZH ys (5)

[0041] In the formula: H t To adjust the thickness of the road surface structure layers, H ys ZH represents the original design thickness of this layer. t ZH represents the total thickness of the pavement structure after alignment and adjustment of the structural layers. ys To adjust the total thickness of the road surface structure before;

[0042] (4) The design of the transverse structure of the pavement includes: steps between the pavement and the central median, steps between the expansion area and the overlay area, and steps between the pavement and the edge structure. First, the height and width of the steps are set, and the height of the steps is bound to the thickness of the pavement structure layer, especially the leveling layer. At the same time, the width of the steps is bound to the cross slope parameters of the pavement so that the steps can adapt to the changes of the pavement structure layer and cross slope.

[0043] (5) Based on the pavement structure data, horizontal width design data, and longitudinal overlay design data of the reconstructed and expanded highway, the design schemes of the overlay area, expansion area, and pavement structure transverse structure are integrated to obtain the cross-sectional design scheme of the reconstructed and expanded pavement.

[0044] Optionally, step S6 specifically includes:

[0045] (1) Set the sampling step size for road surface modeling, and calculate the geometry of the cross section of each sampling station number according to the cross section design scheme of the reconstructed and expanded road surface.

[0046] (2) Based on the existing highway fitting alignment data and pavement structure data, create an existing pavement model by setting out and stretching;

[0047] (3) Based on the design alignment data of the reconstructed and expanded highway and the cross-sectional design scheme of the reconstructed and expanded pavement, the existing pavement model is created by setting out and stretching.

[0048] (4) Superimpose the existing road surface model and the reconstructed and expanded road surface model, perform Boolean operations, and obtain the existing road surface milling model.

[0049] Optionally, step S7 specifically includes:

[0050] (1) Based on the reconstruction and expansion road model, read the volume, surface area, thickness and material data of the road structure layer in the overlay area, and output the quantity table of road overlay project;

[0051] (2) Based on the road surface reconstruction and expansion model, read the volume, surface area, thickness and material data of the road surface layer in the expansion area, and output the quantity table of the road expansion project.

[0052] (3) Based on the existing road milling model, read the volume and material data of the milled road structure layer and output the milling engineering quantity table.

[0053] (4) Based on the existing road milling model, extract the edge lines of the existing road milling model, set the elevation to zero, draw them on the overall design drawing of the highway pavement, mark the coordinates of the inflection point project, and output the road milling plan design drawing.

[0054] (5) Based on the reconstruction and expansion road model, the model is cut to draw a cross section, the elevation of the top surface of each road structure layer is marked, and the pile-by-pile cross section of the reconstruction and expansion road design is output.

[0055] In steps S1 and S2, this invention fully considers the basic data and technical means commonly used in the current road reconstruction and expansion design process. By fitting the existing highway alignment and clarifying the design content of the existing pavement and the reconstruction / expansion pavement, it ensures that both have the same level of data structuring at the basic data level, laying the foundation for digital design of reconstruction / expansion pavements. In step S3, based on the horizontal alignment relationship, it proposes for the first time to divide the reconstruction / expansion pavement into multiple independent areas for design calculation. This simplifies the complex multi-dimensional combined design problem into a simple single-dimensional problem for each area, effectively solving the problem of numerous reconstruction / expansion pavement design schemes and complex applicable conditions. In step S4, it innovatively proposes a design calculation method for longitudinal overlay pavement structure schemes based on multiple calculation points. Multiple calculation points can be freely selected to complete the leveling layer calculation according to the actual situation. The calculations are then transferred to the modeling stage. In step S5, based on the actual needs of improving the construction quality of the resurfacing and expansion road surface project, the coupling relationship between the pavement structure layers in the overlay and expansion areas is established by adjusting the alignment of the leveling layers on the overlay and expansion sides. Relying on the cross-section of the resurfacing and expansion road surface design, the above-mentioned single-dimensional design areas are reassembled to achieve the integration and consolidation of multi-area design results, greatly reducing the design difficulty. In step S6, multiple sets of three-dimensional models are established and Boolean operations are performed through dense sampling of the cross-section, which completely solves the problem of difficult and inaccurate calculation of milling quantities. In step S7, the three-dimensional model results can not only quickly generate more accurate engineering quantity tables, but also additionally draw milling plan views and pile-by-pile cross-section views of the resurfacing and expansion road surface design, effectively promoting the progress of resurfacing and expansion road surface design.

[0056] Current technologies for highway reconstruction and expansion pavement design are outdated. In contrast, this invention offers significant advantages. The method of this invention is based on commonly used fundamental data and technologies, and does not add extra work to basic data collection and processing. It sequentially conducts planar, longitudinal, and cross-sectional designs around the goal of reconstructing and expanding the pavement structure. Through steps such as regional division, single-region longitudinal design, and scheme integration to construct cross-sectional schemes, it simplifies the complex three-dimensional combination design of reconstructed and expanded pavements. This allows designers to focus on innovative designs for specific scenarios, while complex scheme coordination and integration are handled by digital technology. Finally, leveraging the advancements in BIM technology, the digital design data is modeled, greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of quantity calculations. The application of this invention not only significantly improves the depth and refinement of reconstructed and expanded pavement design but also provides a foundation for dynamic design during pavement reconstruction and expansion construction, as well as the efficient recycling of asphalt waste.

[0057] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following beneficial effects: Addressing the diverse types and high precision requirements of highway reconstruction and expansion pavement design schemes, this invention divides the reconstruction and expansion pavement areas based on the planar relationship between existing highways and the reconstruction / expansion roads. This supports subsequent refined overlay and expansion designs for specific areas, effectively balancing high efficiency and high precision design needs. It innovatively solves a series of problems such as low design efficiency, high design difficulty, insufficient construction guidance, and inaccurate milling quantity calculations in reconstruction and expansion pavement design. This invention utilizes digital technology to upgrade traditional highway reconstruction and expansion pavement design methods, significantly improving the design and construction quality of reconstruction and expansion pavements. It will also promote related aspects such as traffic organization in reconstruction and expansion projects, carbon emission calculation, and the manufacturing and application of intelligent pavement construction equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of the digital design method for highway reconstruction and expansion pavement provided by the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 For the old road fitting function in the JSL-Route Expert system;

[0060] Figure 3 The fitting result K3 for the old road;

[0061] Figure 4 This is a map showing the distribution of diseases within a 100-meter radius.

[0062] Figure 5-1 The pavement structure is A-1 for the old road, which is the old asphalt + maintenance asphalt structure ("black plus black").

[0063] Figure 5-2 The old road pavement structure is B-1, which is the old road cement concrete slab + maintenance asphalt structure ("white plus black").

[0064] Figure 5-3 A summary table of current road surface structure types;

[0065] Figure 6-1 For the overall design deliverables, multiple lines are located under the construction drawing nodes;

[0066] Figure 6-2 A list of bridges in the overall design deliverables;

[0067] Figure 7-1 Data analysis and specification for new and old routes;

[0068] Figure 7-2 To define the rules for planar splicing;

[0069] Figure 7-3 To calculate the width of the planar splicing segment;

[0070] Figure 8-1 A schematic diagram of the paving and expansion areas for single and double-sided transition widening;

[0071] Figure 8-2 A schematic diagram of the double-sided widening and expansion areas;

[0072] Figure 8-3 A schematic diagram of the paved area and the expansion area on one side;

[0073] Figure 9 The calculation results for the design section are based on the type of splicing width and overlay area;

[0074] Figure 10-1 For determining the location of the single-sided widening and paving area, the larger value is prioritized for area 1, and the smaller value is prioritized for area 2.

[0075] Figure 10-2 For determining the location of the transition widening and paving area on both sides, the larger value is prioritized for area 1, and the smaller value is prioritized for area 2.

[0076] Figure 10-3 The location of the determination point for the double-sided widening and paving area is set, and the smaller value is prioritized.

[0077] Figure 11-1 Design drawings for longitudinal elevation, overlay, and milling patterns;

[0078] Figure 11-2 To specify the method and number of additional layers based on the area to be raised;

[0079] Figure 12-1 To set the paving method according to the logic of raising and paving;

[0080] Figure 12-2 To calculate the overlay method for the overlay area based on the elevation value Δh, and to determine the overlay thickness;

[0081] Figure 13 To specify a special treatment method for setting structural layers in the pavement structure, forced alignment is specified; otherwise, automatic alignment of the leveling layer is set.

[0082] Figure 14 Features are provided for transverse components, including steps, central dividers, and edge structures;

[0083] Figure 15 To assemble the road width, pavement structure, transverse components and steps in the cross-sectional scheme, forming a pavement design scheme;

[0084] Figure 16-1 To establish a pavement model for the new and old roads or the road reconstruction and expansion based on the cross-sectional design scheme;

[0085] Figure 16-2To specify the modeling range, see Figure 118000-119000;

[0086] Figure 16-3 To complete the creation of the road surface model;

[0087] Figure 17-1 To obtain the pavement structure design drawings for each pile based on the model sectioning;

[0088] Figure 17-2 To calculate the amount of milling and expansion work required based on the model volume;

[0089] Figure 17-3 To set the calculation range for the additional milling work;

[0090] Figure 17-4 The quantity of milling and overlay work calculated for 118000-119000;

[0091] Figure 17-5 The quantity of the expansion project is calculated for 118000-119000. Detailed Implementation

[0092] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined in this application.

[0093] A digital design method for highway reconstruction and expansion pavement, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0094] S1. Existing Highway Data Collection and Processing: Basic data on the current status of existing highways is collected, processed, and then used for the overall design of highway reconstruction and expansion plans. Specific methods are as follows:

[0095] (1) Use airborne or vehicle-mounted lidar, UAV oblique photography, manual measurement and other methods to obtain basic data such as point cloud data of existing highway surface morphology and distribution of buildings and structures. Process the basic data through line fitting (fitting software includes but is not limited to Latitude and Earth, Route Expert System, EICAD, etc.) to obtain existing highway line data, including plan, longitudinal and cross section data.

[0096] (2) Using drilling, geophysical exploration and other technical means, the number of layers, thickness and materials of the pavement structure of different sections and parts of the existing highway are obtained, and the condition of the old road pavement structure is fully and meticulously understood. Tests and inspections are carried out to determine the current condition of the pavement structure and the distribution and performance of the pavement structure in each section. The current condition of the pavement structure includes longitudinal and transverse cracks, potholes, ruts, cracks and water accumulation.

[0097] S2. Overall Design of Highway Reconstruction and Expansion: Based on the existing highway alignment, building and structure distribution, and existing pavement structure data, design the alignment scheme and pavement structure scheme of the reconstructed and expanded highway, obtain the horizontal, vertical and cross-sectional data of the reconstructed and expanded highway, as well as the number of pavement structure layers, thickness and materials of different road sections and different parts.

[0098] S3. Horizontal Widening Design: Horizontal widening design is based on the horizontal data of existing highways and highways to be reconstructed or expanded. It analyzes the positional relationship between the horizontal alignments of the two and further divides the design area for the reconstructed or expanded pavement. The specific method is as follows:

[0099] (1) Based on the horizontal positional relationship between the existing highway and the highway to be reconstructed and expanded, the horizontal widening types are defined as: double-sided widening, single-double-sided transition, single-sided widening, and separate new construction. Among them, single-double-sided transition is further divided into two types: single-sided widening transition to double-sided widening and double-sided widening transition to single-sided widening.

[0100] (2) Calculate the horizontal distance ΔL between the existing highway and the reconstructed / expanded highway, and design the horizontal distance limit value L corresponding to different horizontal width-splitting types based on the project characteristics. i :

[0101]

[0102] In the formula: ΔL is the horizontal distance between the existing highway and the reconstructed / expanded highway, L1 is the double-sided width extension limit value, L2 is the single-sided width extension limit value, and L3 is the newly constructed separation limit value.

[0103] (3) Based on different plane width types, the road surface to be reconstructed and expanded is divided into two categories: overlay area and expansion area. From the perspective of cross section, the area where the road surface structure of the reconstructed and expanded highway overlaps with that of the existing highway to be utilized is the overlay area, and the area where they do not overlap is the expansion area.

[0104] (4) Based on the type of widening and the location relationship between the existing highway and the reconstruction and expansion highway, the types of the overlay area are further subdivided. The classification rules include: whether it is the side for maintaining traffic flow, whether it is the section for adjusting the superelevation, and whether it is located between the old and new design lines. The types of the overlay area are classified in detail according to the specific circumstances.

[0105] S4. Longitudinal Overlay Design: The longitudinal overlay design is based on the longitudinal profile data of the existing highway and the highway to be reconstructed or expanded. It designs the road reconstruction and expansion scheme for the overlay area. The specific method is as follows:

[0106] (1) Define the location of the longitudinal overlay calculation point for each overlay area. The location of the calculation point is determined based on the location of the existing highway basic data collection. Common locations include: the curb of the reconstructed and expanded highway, the curb of the existing highway, the inner side of the hard shoulder of the existing highway, and the location of the boundary between the overlay area and the expansion area. Multiple calculation points can be set in one overlay area as needed.

[0107] (2) Calculate the elevation difference h between the existing highway and the road to be reconstructed / expanded at each calculation point within the current overlay area. i Based on the principle of taking the larger or smaller value, the elevation difference Δh used in the current overlay area design is obtained, which is used to guide the subsequent overlay pavement structure design calculations:

[0108]

[0109] In the formula: Δh is the elevation difference used in the design of the overlay area; h i This represents the difference in elevation between the existing highway and the reconstructed / expanded highway at each calculation point.

[0110] (3) Design the matching relationship between the elevation difference Δh of the overlay area and the pavement structure scheme to obtain the number of overlay pavement structure layers and the corresponding elevation boundary value of the overlay area:

[0111]

[0112] Where: n i To increase the number of pavement structural layers, Δh i Raise the boundary value for the area to be overlaid on the road surface; the other symbols are the same as before.

[0113] (4) For different pavement structure schemes with different number of overlay layers, design the thickness of each pavement structure layer, and control the thickness of each layer using two values: maximum thickness and minimum thickness. When the maximum thickness and minimum thickness are not equal, the layer is defined as a leveling layer; otherwise, the layer is defined as a fixed layer.

[0114] It should be noted that: the maximum thickness is the thickest that this layer can achieve when n layers are used for overlay. If this thickness is exceeded, the number of overlay layers will change according to formula (3); the minimum thickness is the minimum thickness that this layer can retain when n layers are used for overlay. If it is less than this thickness, milling is required to mill out the thickness space. In this way, milling and overlay can be expressed by the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness. At the same time, when the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness are equal, it is a fixed layer and will not change.

[0115] (5) Thickness of leveling layer pavement structure BH i The calculation location is at the longitudinal overlay calculation point corresponding to the elevation difference used in the design. It is obtained by calculating the thickness of the fixed layer and the elevation difference Δh in the current overlay area pavement structure scheme:

[0116]

[0117] Where: BH i To adjust the thickness of the leveling layer pavement structure, ΣA i BH is the sum of the thicknesses of the fixed-layer pavement structure. min This represents the minimum thickness of the leveling layer pavement structure; other symbols are the same as before.

[0118] (6) Using the same calculation method as formula (4), calculate the thickness of the leveling layer at other calculation points in the overlay area in turn, so as to provide data for drawing the shape of the leveling layer in the cross section scheme.

[0119] S5. Calculation of Road Reconstruction and Expansion Scheme: Based on the above steps, the calculation of the road reconstruction and expansion scheme further calculates the road structure scheme of the expansion area and integrates the divided areas to obtain the final road reconstruction and expansion design scheme. The specific method is as follows:

[0120] (1) The number of layers, layer thickness and materials of the road surface structure in the expansion area are initially assumed to be the road surface structure data of the overall highway reconstruction and expansion scheme design in step S2;

[0121] (2) Read the layer position and thickness of the intermediate leveling pavement structure in the overlay area at the boundary adjacent to the expansion area, and then compare the thickness of the same layer in the overlay area. Take the larger value of the two as the design thickness of the layer in the expansion area, so as to achieve the alignment of the elevation of each layer in the expansion area and the adjacent overlay area.

[0122] (3) When the pavement structure of the expansion area and the overlay area are aligned, the total thickness of the pavement structure in the expansion area may change. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring that the total thickness of the pavement structure remains unchanged, any layer in the pavement structure of the expansion area is selected for thickness adjustment. The thickness adjustment calculation method is as follows:

[0123] H t =H ys -(ZH t -ZH ys (5)

[0124] In the formula: H t To adjust the thickness of the road surface structure layers, H ys ZH represents the original design thickness of this layer. t ZH represents the total thickness of the pavement structure after alignment and adjustment of the structural layers. ys To adjust the total thickness of the road surface structure before;

[0125] (4) The design of the transverse structure of the pavement includes: steps between the pavement and the central median, steps between the expansion area and the overlay area, and steps between the pavement and the edge structure. First, the height and width of the steps are set, and the height of the steps is bound to the thickness of the pavement structure layer, especially the leveling layer. At the same time, the width of the steps is bound to the cross slope parameters of the pavement so that the steps can adapt to the changes of the pavement structure layer and cross slope.

[0126] (5) Based on the pavement structure data, horizontal width design data, and longitudinal overlay design data of the reconstructed and expanded highway, the design schemes of the overlay area, expansion area, and pavement structure transverse structure are integrated to obtain the cross-sectional design scheme of the reconstructed and expanded pavement.

[0127] S6. Creation of the reconstructed and expanded pavement model (generally created using 3D modeling software such as Revit, Civil 3D, and Microstation): The reconstructed and expanded pavement model is created using the constructed cross-sectional design scheme of the reconstructed and expanded pavement. With the help of a geometry modeling engine, the existing pavement model, the reconstructed and expanded pavement model, and the pavement milling model are created sequentially. The specific method is as follows:

[0128] (1) Set the sampling step size for road surface modeling, and calculate the geometry of the cross section of each sampling station number according to the cross section design scheme of the reconstructed and expanded road surface.

[0129] (2) Based on the existing highway fitting alignment data and pavement structure data, create an existing pavement model by setting out and stretching;

[0130] (3) Based on the design alignment data of the reconstructed and expanded highway and the cross-sectional design scheme of the reconstructed and expanded pavement, the existing pavement model is created by setting out and stretching.

[0131] (4) Superimpose the existing road surface model and the reconstructed and expanded road surface model, perform Boolean operations, and obtain the existing road surface milling model.

[0132] S7. Generation of Design Drawings and Tables: Based on the above 3D model, the volume, thickness, and material of each pavement structural layer are read to output the design drawings and tables for the reconstructed and expanded pavement. The specific method is as follows:

[0133] (1) Based on the reconstruction and expansion road model, read the volume, surface area, thickness and material data of the road structure layer in the overlay area, and output the quantity table of road overlay project;

[0134] (2) Based on the road surface reconstruction and expansion model, read the volume, surface area, thickness and material data of the road surface layer in the expansion area, and output the quantity table of the road expansion project.

[0135] (3) Based on the existing road milling model, read the volume and material data of the milled road structure layer and output the milling engineering quantity table.

[0136] (4) Based on the existing road milling model, extract the edge lines of the existing road milling model, set the elevation to zero, draw them on the overall design drawing of the highway pavement, mark the coordinates of the inflection point project, and output the road milling plan design drawing.

[0137] (5) Based on the reconstruction and expansion road model, the model is cut to draw a cross section, the elevation of the top surface of each road structure layer is marked, and the pile-by-pile cross section of the reconstruction and expansion road design is output.

[0138] Example 1

[0139] S1. Data Acquisition and Processing of Existing Highways:

[0140] (1) Data was collected and processed through methods such as lidar scanning and on-site measurement to obtain the centerline data of the old road. Then, route design software (the independently developed JSL-Route Expert System) was used... Figure 2 As shown, the old road was fitted using software tools to obtain its horizontal and vertical data. The fitted old road has a total length of approximately 75km and a chainage range of 72012.528-147146.690. Figure 3 As shown.

[0141] (2) On-site investigations were conducted using geophysical exploration, drilling, and surveying techniques to assess the pavement performance of existing roads. For example... Figure 4 As shown: Distribution map of diseases over a 100-meter stretch; Figures 5-1 to 5-3 The diagram shows the distribution of road surface structure in different road sections.

[0142] S2 Highway Reconstruction and Expansion Overall Design:

[0143] like Figures 6-1 to 6-2 As shown, after the overall design is carried out, the overall route data is generated.

[0144] S3, Plane Width Design:

[0145] (1) Define planar splicing as including double-sided splicing, single-double-sided transition, single-sided splicing, and separate new construction.

[0146] (2) Calculate the horizontal distance ΔL between the existing highway and the reconstructed / expanded highway alignment. Based on the project characteristics, design the horizontal alignment distance limits for different horizontal widening types. In this implementation case, the double-sided widening ΔL is between 0-0.5m. Single / double-sided transitions are divided into two types according to pavement design requirements: ΔL between 0.5m-7.45m and 7.45m-8m. Single-sided widening ΔL is between 8m-19.25m. Separate new construction has a ΔL greater than 19.25m. For example... Figures 7-1 to 7-3 As shown.

[0147] (3) Divide the additional paving area and the expansion area, such as Figures 8-1 to 8-3 As shown.

[0148] (4) Subdivide the types of areas to be covered, such as Figure 9 As shown.

[0149] S4, Vertical overlay design:

[0150] (1) Define the overlay calculation points for each region, specifying their locations and the regions they belong to, such as... Figures 10-1 to 10-3 As shown.

[0151] (2) Calculate the elevation difference based on the location of the calculation points, and set whether to prioritize the minimum or maximum value for the design, such as... Figures 10-1 to 10-3 As shown, for different planar splicing methods and different combinations of additional and expanded areas, one value from multiple calculation points is taken as a typical representative value for calculating the number of additional layers.

[0152] (3) Based on the calculated elevation value, calculate the number of additional layers, such as... Figure 11-1 , Figure 11-2 As shown, based on the road structure scheme, the number of additional layers is determined for different elevation values. For example, when the elevation is 5-15cm, 2 additional layers are added; when the elevation is 15-20cm, 3 additional layers are added, and so on.

[0153] (4) Design the thickness of structural layers with different numbers of overlays, such as Figure 12-1 , Figure 12-2 As shown, when two layers are added, the top layer is a fixing layer with a thickness of 4cm-4cm, and the middle layer is a leveling layer with a thickness of 6cm-11cm; when three layers are added, the top and middle layers are fixing layers with thicknesses of 4cm-4cm and 6cm-6cm respectively, and the bottom layer is a leveling layer with a thickness of 8cm-10cm.

[0154] (5) Calculate the elevation value of each segment, and further calculate the specific thickness of the leveling layer for each pile section within the segment, such as... Figure 12-1 , Figure 12-2 As shown.

[0155] S5. Calculation of road surface reconstruction and expansion scheme:

[0156] (1) By configuring the pavement structure materials on the extended side, reading the calculation results of the overlay pavement structure, and setting the alignment, such as... Figure 13 As shown.

[0157] (2) Set up steps, such as Figure 14 As shown; the final cross-sectional design is completed, as follows. Figure 15 As shown.

[0158] S6. Creating a model for the reconstructed and expanded road surface, such as... Figures 16-1 to 16-3 As shown.

[0159] S7. Generate a chart, such as Figures 17-1 to 17-5 As shown.

[0160] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of implementation methods of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A digital design method for highway reconstruction and expansion pavement, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Data collection and processing of existing highways; S2 Highway Reconstruction and Expansion Overall Design; S3, planar splicing design; S4, longitudinal overlay design; S5. Calculation of road surface reconstruction and expansion scheme; S6. Creating a model for the reconstructed and expanded road surface; S7. Generation of design drawings and tables; Step S4 specifically includes: (1) Define the location of the longitudinal overlay calculation point for each overlay area. The location of the calculation point is determined based on the location of the existing highway basic data collection. The location includes: the curb of the reconstructed and expanded highway, the curb of the existing highway, the inner side of the hard shoulder of the existing highway, and the location of the boundary between the overlay area and the expansion area. Multiple calculation points can be set in one overlay area as needed. (2) Calculate the difference in elevation between the existing highway and the highway to be reconstructed / expanded at each calculation point within the current overlay area. Based on the principle of taking the larger or smaller value, the elevation difference used in the current overlay area design is obtained. This is used to guide the design calculations of subsequent overlay pavement structures. （2）； In the formula: The elevation difference was used in the design of the additional paving area; The difference in elevation between the existing highway and the reconstructed / expanded highway at each calculation point; (3) Design elevation difference of the overlay area The matching relationship between the overlay and the road structure scheme yields the number of overlay road structure layers and the corresponding elevation boundary value for the overlay area: （3）； In the formula: To increase the number of pavement structural layers, Raise the boundary value for the road surface overlay area; (4) For different pavement structure schemes with different number of overlay layers, design the thickness of each pavement structure layer, and control the thickness of each layer using two values: maximum thickness and minimum thickness. When the maximum thickness and minimum thickness are not equal, the layer is defined as a leveling layer; otherwise, the layer is defined as a fixed layer. (5) Thickness of leveling layer pavement structure The calculation location is at the longitudinal overlay calculation point corresponding to the elevation difference used in the design. This is achieved by calculating the thickness of the fixed layer and the elevation difference in the current pavement structure scheme for the overlay area. get: （4）； In the formula: To adjust the thickness of the leveling layer pavement structure, This is the sum of the thicknesses of the fixed-layer pavement structure. This is the minimum thickness value for the leveling layer pavement structure. (6) Using the same calculation method as formula (4), calculate the thickness of the leveling layer at other calculation points in the overlay area in turn, so as to provide data for drawing the shape of the leveling layer in the cross section scheme.

2. The digital design method for highway reconstruction and expansion pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 specifically includes: (1) The existing highway basic data is obtained by using airborne or vehicle-mounted lidar, UAV oblique photography, and manual measurement. The basic data includes surface morphology point cloud data and building distribution. The basic data is processed by line fitting to obtain the existing highway alignment data. The alignment data includes planar, longitudinal and cross-sectional data. (2) Using drilling and geophysical exploration techniques, obtain the number of layers, thickness and materials of the pavement structure in different sections and parts of the existing highway, conduct tests and inspections, and determine the current status of pavement structure defects and performance of each section.

3. The digital design method for highway reconstruction and expansion pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: based on the existing highway alignment, building and structure distribution, and existing pavement structure data, designing the alignment scheme and pavement structure scheme for the reconstructed and expanded highway, obtaining the horizontal, vertical and cross-sectional data of the reconstructed and expanded highway, as well as the number of pavement structure layers, thickness and materials for different road sections and different parts.

4. The digital design method for highway reconstruction and expansion pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes: (1) Based on the horizontal position relationship between the existing highway and the highway to be reconstructed and expanded, the horizontal widening types are defined as: double-sided widening, single-double-sided transition, single-sided widening, and separate new construction. Among them, single-double-sided transition is further divided into two types: single-sided widening transition to double-sided widening and double-sided widening transition to single-sided widening. (2) Calculate the horizontal distance between the existing highway and the reconstructed / expanded highway alignment. Based on the characteristics of the project, design the limit values ​​for the plane line position distance corresponding to different plane splicing types. : （1）； In the formula: This refers to the horizontal distance between the existing highway and the reconstructed / expanded highway alignment. For the double-sided splicing width limit value, This is the single-sided splicing width limit value. To separate and establish new boundary values; (3) Based on different plane width types, the road surface to be reconstructed and expanded is divided into two categories: overlay area and expansion area. From the perspective of cross section, the area where the road surface structure of the reconstructed and expanded highway overlaps with that of the existing highway to be utilized is the overlay area, and the area where they do not overlap is the expansion area. (4) Based on the type of widening and the location relationship between the existing highway and the reconstruction and expansion highway, the types of the overlay area are further subdivided. The classification rules include: whether it is the side for maintaining traffic flow, whether it is the section for adjusting the superelevation, and whether it is located between the old and new design lines. The types of the overlay area are classified in detail according to the specific circumstances.

5. The digital design method for highway reconstruction and expansion pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 specifically includes: (1) The number of layers, layer thickness and materials of the pavement structure in the expansion area shall first adopt the pavement structure data of the overall highway reconstruction and expansion scheme design in step S2; (2) Read the layer position and thickness of the leveled pavement structure in the overlay area at the boundary adjacent to the expansion area, and then compare the thickness of the same layer in the overlay area. Take the larger value of the two as the design thickness of the layer in the expansion area, so as to achieve the alignment of the elevation of each layer in the expansion area and the adjacent overlay area. (3) When the pavement structure of the expansion area and the overlay area are aligned, the total thickness of the pavement structure in the expansion area may change. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring that the total thickness of the pavement structure remains unchanged, any layer in the pavement structure of the expansion area is selected for thickness adjustment. The thickness adjustment calculation method is as follows: （5）； In the formula: To adjust the thickness of the road surface structure layers, This is the original design thickness of the layer. This represents the total thickness of the pavement structure after alignment and adjustment of the structural layers. To adjust the total thickness of the road surface structure before; (4) The design of the transverse structure of the pavement includes: steps between the pavement and the central median, steps between the expansion area and the overlay area, and steps between the pavement and the edge structure. First, the height and width of the steps are set, and the height of the steps is bound to the thickness of the pavement structure layer. At the same time, the width of the steps is bound to the cross slope parameters of the pavement so that the steps can adapt to the changes of the pavement structure layer and cross slope. (5) Based on the pavement structure data, horizontal width design data, and longitudinal overlay design data of the reconstructed and expanded highway, integrate the overlay area, expansion area, and pavement structure transverse construction design scheme to obtain the cross section design scheme of the reconstructed and expanded pavement.

6. The digital design method for highway reconstruction and expansion pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S6 specifically includes: (1) Set the sampling step size for road surface modeling, and calculate the geometry of the cross section of each sampling station number according to the cross section design scheme of the reconstructed and expanded road surface; (2) Based on the existing highway fitting alignment data and pavement structure data, create an existing pavement model by setting out and stretching; (3) Based on the design alignment data of the reconstructed and expanded highway and the cross-sectional design scheme of the reconstructed and expanded pavement, the existing pavement model is created by setting out and stretching. (4) Superimpose the existing road surface model and the reconstructed road surface model, perform Boolean operations, and obtain the existing road surface milling model.

7. The digital design method for highway reconstruction and expansion pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S7 specifically includes: (1) Based on the road reconstruction and expansion model, read the volume, surface area, thickness and material data of the road structure layer in the overlay area, and output the quantity table of road overlay project; (2) Based on the road surface reconstruction and expansion model, read the volume, surface area, thickness and material data of the road surface layer in the expansion area, and output the quantity table of the road expansion project; (3) Based on the existing road milling model, read the volume and material data of the milled road structure layer and output the milling engineering quantity table; (4) Based on the existing road milling model, extract the edge lines of the existing road milling model, set the elevation to zero, draw them on the overall design drawing of the highway pavement, mark the coordinates of the inflection point project, and output the road milling plan design drawing. (5) Based on the reconstruction and expansion road model, the model is cut and cross-sectional view is drawn, the top surface elevation of each road structure layer is marked, and the cross-sectional view of the reconstruction and expansion road design is output.

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