A low-density complex for long-term prevention and control of fish diseases in aquaculture and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture and its preparation method, relating to the field of aquaculture technology. The low-density complex comprises the following components by weight: 3-5 parts of premixed feed, 20-30 parts of sodium chloride, 2-4 parts of gelatinized starch, 30-45 parts of attapulgite, 8-12 parts of cement, 13-17 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-3 parts of titanate coupling agent, 2-6 parts of molasses, and 3-7 parts of purified water. This invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned low-density complex. The low-density complex of this invention can slowly release functional substances in aquatic environments with long-term effects and low doses, effectively solving the problems of difficult-to-control release rate of functional substances, short duration of action, and high production costs in existing technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, specifically to a low-density complex for long-term prevention and control of fish diseases in aquaculture and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for aquatic products is also constantly increasing. This increased demand has led to a rapid expansion of aquaculture scale. Freshwater pond aquaculture is the main production method for ensuring stable production and supply of aquatic products in my country, and high-density intensive aquaculture can significantly increase the yield of aquatic products. A crucial factor for the success of high-density aquaculture is the prevention and control of fish diseases. The outbreak of fish diseases is influenced by various factors, such as stocking density, water temperature, and pathogens. If preventative measures are taken and treatment is administered in advance at specific times, the probability of fish disease outbreaks will be greatly reduced. This often requires experienced aquaculture personnel to handle effectively. Currently, many technologies are available on the market for the prevention and control of fish diseases, such as frequent water changes and the application of medications, which can better maintain a healthy aquaculture environment.

[0003] However, frequent water changes waste a lot of water resources, and repeated emergency drug administration may be ineffective or leave drug residues due to improper dosage control. It also wastes significant human and material resources and may cause stunted growth or death of farmed organisms due to minor oversights in emergencies. Therefore, there is a need for fish disease prevention and treatment products that can release functional substances slowly in low doses over a long period in the aquatic environment to achieve long-term inhibition of pathogen growth and reduce the occurrence of fish diseases. Currently, there are many mature products for fish disease prevention and treatment on the market, but there are still many gaps in slow-release fish disease prevention and treatment technology. The main technical bottlenecks of current fish disease prevention and treatment products are: the release rate of functional substances is difficult to control, and excessively rapid release leads to significant waste of effective substances; the effect is very short-lived, requiring multiple applications in a short period to maintain the effect; and production costs are high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a low-density complex for long-term prevention and control of fish diseases in aquaculture and its preparation method. This low-density complex can slowly release functional substances in the aquatic environment with long-term effects and low doses, effectively solving the problems of difficult-to-control release rate of functional substances, short duration of effect, and high production cost in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a low-density complex for long-term prevention and control of fish diseases in aquaculture is provided, comprising the following components by weight: 3-5 parts of feed premix, 20-30 parts of sodium chloride, 2-4 parts of gelatinized starch, 30-45 parts of attapulgite, 8-12 parts of cement, 13-17 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-3 parts of titanate coupling agent, 2-6 parts of molasses, and 3-7 parts of purified water.

[0006] Furthermore, the low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture comprises the following components by weight: 4 parts of feed premix, 25 parts of sodium chloride, 3 parts of gelatinized starch, 38 parts of attapulgite, 10 parts of cement, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of titanate coupling agent, 3 parts of molasses, and 5 parts of purified water.

[0007] The aforementioned premixed additives are used as functional substances. Sodium chloride, as a carrier for regulating the release rate, combined with the porous carrier of attapulgite, can assist in regulating the release rate and simultaneously adjust the osmotic pressure to release minerals. Gelatinized starch, cement, calcium carbonate, and titanate coupling agent are all used as binders. Among them, cement also plays a role in assisting in regulating the release rate, and calcium carbonate can also be used to adjust pH and has a certain disinfection effect.

[0008] Furthermore, the premixed additives include the following components by weight: 8-10 parts of trace element premix, 10-14 parts of nitrifying bacteria, 8-10 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 16-20 parts of functional substances, 8-10 parts of vitamin C, 15-18 parts of Bacillus and 20-30 parts of binder.

[0009] Micronutrient premixes, vitamin C, and Bacillus all have the effect of enhancing physical fitness, while micronutrient premixes can also regulate the mineral content of water bodies; in addition, nitrifying bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria are used to improve the aquatic environment.

[0010] Furthermore, the trace element premix comprises the following components by weight: 3-6 parts copper sulfate pentahydrate, 25-30 parts ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 30-36 parts zinc sulfate monohydrate, 18-23 parts manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1-1.5 parts cobalt chloride, 1-3 parts sodium selenite, and 5-7 parts potassium iodide.

[0011] Furthermore, the functional substances include the following components by weight: 10-12 parts of florfenicol and 6-8 parts of sulfadiazine.

[0012] The florfenicol and sulfadiazine mentioned above are used to inhibit inflammation and ensure the health of fish.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned low-density complex for long-term prevention and control of fish diseases in aquaculture, comprising the following steps:

[0014] (1) Distribute the premixed small ingredients into portions, then add sodium chloride, gelatinized starch, attapulgite, cement, calcium carbonate, titanate coupling agent and purified water and stir evenly, then spray with molasses to obtain a mixture;

[0015] (2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is packaged, pressed into shape and monitored for cracks and hardness to obtain a low-density composite for long-term prevention and control of fish diseases in aquaculture.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (1), the product is packaged into 0.5-1.5kg / bag.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (2), the mixture is packaged into 3.5-4.5 kg / bag.

[0018] Furthermore, in step (2), during compression molding, the material is first compressed under a constant pressure of 2-4 MPa for 3-5 seconds, then compressed under 12-18 MPa for 15-18 seconds, and the pressure is released for 2-4 seconds, resulting in a size of 15×15×13cm. 3 .

[0019] Furthermore, in step (2), an automatic crack monitoring system is used to monitor cracks, and a hardness tester is used to measure hardness under conditions of 9.8-12.5 MPa.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The low-density composite of the present invention can slowly release functional substances in an aqueous environment for a long time and at low doses, up to 40-50 days. It can stably maintain the functional substances at a high concentration, effectively solving the problems of difficult-to-control release rate of functional substances, short duration and high production cost in the prior art.

[0022] 2. The low-density composite provided by this invention has strong efficacy and applicability. Its specificity is mainly reflected in the long-term and stable prevention and treatment of fish diseases in freshwater aquaculture, reducing the presence of harmful pathogens in the water and preventing the occurrence of fish diseases. Its applicability is based on the effectiveness, which enhances the precision and timeliness of the functional substances. It can maintain the functional substances at an effective concentration and release effective functional substances for 40-50 days, thus overcoming the short-term effect of traditional administration, in order to achieve the purpose of slow-release functional substances and thus long-term disease prevention.

[0023] 3. In the entire low-density complex, nitrifying bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, and Bacillus all improve water quality and enhance the living environment for fish; functional substances such as florfenicol and sulfadiazine are used to prevent fish skin diseases, inhibit the growth of pathogens, and reduce the occurrence of fish diseases; vitamin C is used to enhance the fish's disease resistance. Combined with the preventive and therapeutic effects of functional components, the fish's disease resistance is enhanced, and the occurrence of fish diseases is avoided. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The principles and features of this invention are described below. The examples given are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer should be followed. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available products.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A low-density complex for long-term prevention and control of fish diseases in aquaculture comprises the following components by weight: 3 parts of feed premix, 20 parts of sodium chloride, 2 parts of gelatinized starch, 30 parts of attapulgite, 8 parts of cement, 13 parts of calcium carbonate, 1 part of titanate coupling agent, 2 parts of molasses, and 3 parts of purified water.

[0027] The premixed additives include the following components by weight: 8 parts trace element premix, 10 parts nitrifying bacteria, 8 parts photosynthetic bacteria, 16 parts functional substances, 8 parts vitamin C, 15 parts Bacillus, and 20 parts binder. The trace element premix includes the following components by weight: 3 parts copper sulfate pentahydrate, 25 parts ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 30 parts zinc sulfate monohydrate, 18 parts manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1 part cobalt chloride, 1 part sodium selenite, and 5 parts potassium iodide. The functional substances include the following components by weight: 10 parts florfenicol and 6 parts sulfadiazine.

[0028] The preparation method of the above-mentioned low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture includes the following steps:

[0029] (1) Pack the small premixed agent into 0.5kg / bag, then add sodium chloride, gelatinized starch, attapulgite, cement, calcium carbonate, titanate coupling agent and purified water and stir evenly, then spray molasses to obtain a mixture;

[0030] (2) Divide the mixture obtained in step (1) into 3.5 kg / bags, first compress it under a constant pressure of around 2 MPa for 3 seconds, then maintain the compression at 12 MPa for 15 seconds, and release the pressure for 2 seconds. The size of the bag is 15×15×13 cm. 3 Cracks were monitored using an automatic crack monitoring system, and hardness was measured using a hardness tester at 9.8 MPa to obtain a low-density composite for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] A low-density complex for long-term prevention and control of fish diseases in aquaculture comprises the following components by weight: 4 parts of feed premix, 25 parts of sodium chloride, 3 parts of gelatinized starch, 38 parts of attapulgite, 10 parts of cement, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of titanate coupling agent, 3 parts of molasses, and 5 parts of purified water.

[0033] The premixed additives include the following components by weight: 9 parts trace element premix, 12 parts nitrifying bacteria, 9 parts photosynthetic bacteria, 18 parts functional substances, 9 parts vitamin C, 16 parts Bacillus, and 25 parts binder. The trace element premix includes the following components by weight: 4 parts copper sulfate pentahydrate, 28 parts ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 33 parts zinc sulfate monohydrate, 20 parts manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1.2 parts cobalt chloride, 2 parts sodium selenite, and 6 parts potassium iodide. The functional substances include the following components by weight: 11 parts florfenicol and 7 parts sulfadiazine.

[0034] The preparation method of the above-mentioned low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture includes the following steps:

[0035] (1) Pack the small premixed agent into 1kg / bag, then add sodium chloride, gelatinized starch, attapulgite, cement, calcium carbonate, titanate coupling agent and purified water and stir evenly, then spray molasses to obtain a mixture;

[0036] (2) Divide the mixture obtained in step (1) into 4kg / bags, compress it under a constant pressure of 3MPa for 4s, then maintain the compression at 16MPa for 16s, release the pressure for 3s, and the size is 15×15×13cm. 3 Cracks were monitored using an automatic crack monitoring system, and hardness was measured using a hardness tester at 11 MPa to obtain a low-density composite for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] A low-density complex for long-term prevention and control of fish diseases in aquaculture comprises the following components by weight: 5 parts of feed premix, 30 parts of sodium chloride, 4 parts of gelatinized starch, 45 parts of attapulgite, 12 parts of cement, 17 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of titanate coupling agent, 6 parts of molasses, and 7 parts of purified water.

[0039] The premixed additives include the following components by weight: 10 parts trace element premix, 14 parts nitrifying bacteria, 10 parts photosynthetic bacteria, 20 parts functional substances, 10 parts vitamin C, 18 parts Bacillus, and 30 parts binder. The trace element premix includes the following components by weight: 6 parts copper sulfate pentahydrate, 30 parts ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 36 parts zinc sulfate monohydrate, 23 parts manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1.5 parts cobalt chloride, 3 parts sodium selenite, and 7 parts potassium iodide. The functional substances include the following components by weight: 12 parts florfenicol and 8 parts sulfadiazine.

[0040] The preparation method of the above-mentioned low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture includes the following steps:

[0041] (1) Pack the small premixed agent into 1.5kg / bag, then add sodium chloride, gelatinized starch, attapulgite, cement, calcium carbonate, titanate coupling agent and purified water and stir evenly, then spray molasses to obtain a mixture;

[0042] (2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is divided into 4.5 kg / bags. First, it is compressed under a constant pressure of 4 MPa for 5 seconds, and then compressed under 18 MPa for 18 seconds. The pressure is released for 4 seconds. The size is 15×15×13 cm. 3 Cracks were monitored using an automatic crack monitoring system, and hardness was measured using a hardness tester at 12.5 MPa to obtain a low-density composite for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture.

[0043] Comparative Example 1

[0044] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 is that it does not contain cement and contains 45 parts of attapulgite.

[0045] Comparative Example 2

[0046] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 is that it does not contain attapulgite and contains 45 parts of cement.

[0047] Comparative Example 3

[0048] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 2 is that 20 parts of attapulgite and 41 parts of sodium chloride were used.

[0049] The products obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were placed in water bodies for fish disease prevention and control experiments, and relevant data were recorded. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1 Statistical Table of Experimental Results

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] As shown in Table 1, the low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture of the present invention can slowly release functional substances in the aquatic environment for a long time and at low doses for up to 40-50 days, and can stably maintain the functional substances at a high concentration; and can provide long-term and stable prevention and treatment of fish diseases in freshwater aquaculture fish, reduce the presence of harmful pathogens in the water, and prevent the occurrence of fish diseases.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-density complex for long-term prevention and control of fish diseases in aquaculture, characterized in that, It includes the following components by weight: 3-5 parts of premixed additive, 20-30 parts of sodium chloride, 2-4 parts of gelatinized starch, 30-45 parts of attapulgite, 8-12 parts of cement, 13-17 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-3 parts of titanate coupling agent, 2-6 parts of molasses, and 3-7 parts of purified water. The premixed additives comprise the following components by weight: 8-10 parts trace element premix, 10-14 parts nitrifying bacteria, 8-10 parts photosynthetic bacteria, 16-20 parts functional substances, 8-10 parts vitamin C, 15-18 parts Bacillus, and 20-30 parts binder. The functional substance comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of florfenicol and 6-8 parts of sulfadiazine.

2. The low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following components by weight: 4 parts of premixed additive, 25 parts of sodium chloride, 3 parts of gelatinized starch, 38 parts of attapulgite, 10 parts of cement, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of titanate coupling agent, 3 parts of molasses, and 5 parts of purified water.

3. The low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The trace element premix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-6 parts copper sulfate pentahydrate, 25-30 parts ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 30-36 parts zinc sulfate monohydrate, 18-23 parts manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1-1.5 parts cobalt chloride, 1-3 parts sodium selenite, and 5-7 parts potassium iodide.

4. The method for preparing the low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Distribute the premixed small ingredients, then add sodium chloride, gelatinized starch, attapulgite, cement, calcium carbonate, titanate coupling agent and purified water and stir evenly, then spray molasses to obtain a mixture; (2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is packaged, pressed into shape and monitored for cracks and hardness to obtain a low-density composite for long-term prevention and control of fish diseases in aquaculture.

5. The method for preparing the low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In step (1), the product is packaged into 0.5-1.5kg / bag.

6. The method for preparing the low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In step (2), the mixture is packaged into 3.5-4.5 kg / bag.

7. The method for preparing the low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In step (2), during compression molding, the material is first compressed under a constant pressure of 2-4 MPa for 3-5 seconds, then compressed under 12-18 MPa for 15-18 seconds, and the pressure is released for 2-4 seconds. The resulting size is 15×15×13cm. 3 .

8. The method for preparing the low-density complex for long-term fish disease prevention and control in aquaculture as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In step (2), an automatic crack monitoring system is used to monitor cracks, and a hardness tester is used to measure hardness under conditions of 9.8-12.5 MPa.

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