A multi-layer sample pre-treatment device and method of treatment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multilayer sample pretreatment device and processing method, multilayer sample pretreatment device includes frame body, first shelf layer, second shelf layer and transfer unit, first shelf layer includes sequentially arranged several first warehouse storage sites, second shelf layer includes sequentially arranged code scanning position and several second warehouse storage sites, transfer unit is between code scanning position and second warehouse storage site, between first shelf layer and second shelf layer, second shelf layer and subsequent detection process, conveying unit between transfer sample frame.Sample pretreatment method, transfer unit preferentially transfers sample frame and test tube thereon between second shelf layer and subsequent detection process, recovery conveying unit.The application has reasonable structure, can adapt to large quantities of sample processing, conveying efficiency is high and degree of automation is high, and it is conducive to popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reagent detection technology, specifically to a multilayer sample pretreatment device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Reagent testing is widely used in production practices and medical testing. Test tubes containing reagents are typically coded for easy machine identification and targeted analysis, offering high processing efficiency and enabling immediate testing upon collection, meeting most application scenarios. However, in high-volume processing scenarios, limited by current testing efficiency, pre-processing racks must not only have sufficient storage capacity to receive collected sample tubes but also be able to transfer sample tubes to the testing process and recycle new tubes. Existing sample pre-processing racks often have insufficient storage and limited functionality, requiring multiple racks to handle sample tube transfer and recycling. This not only occupies a large amount of space but also increases the risk of staff negligence leading to incorrect placement of tubes on the wrong rack. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention discloses a multi-layer sample pretreatment device and method, which solves the technical problems of small sample rack storage capacity, susceptibility to human error, and low transfer efficiency in the detection of large batches of samples in existing technologies. It features a reasonable structure, adaptability to large-batch sample processing, high transfer efficiency, and a high degree of automation. The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0004] A multilayer sample pretreatment device, comprising:

[0005] Frame body;

[0006] The first shelf layer, located on the shelf body, includes a plurality of first storage positions arranged in sequence. The first storage positions are used to accommodate sample racks or baskets that carry sample racks, and the number of the first shelf layers is one or more.

[0007] The second shelf layer, located on the shelf body, includes sequentially arranged barcode scanning positions and several second storage positions. The barcode scanning positions and the second storage positions are used to accommodate sample racks. The barcode scanning positions are located close to the barcode scanner. The barcode scanner can read the information on the test tubes or sample racks and encode the information on the test tubes or sample racks through the notch on the side wall of the barcode scanning position. The number of the second shelf layer is one or more.

[0008] The transfer unit includes a drive assembly and at least one tray. The drive assembly drives the tray to move to transfer the sample rack between the barcode scanning position and the second storage position, between the first shelf and the second shelf, and between the second shelf and subsequent testing processes and the conveying unit.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the first and second shelves are arranged parallel to each other and located on the same side of the transfer unit. The tray is U-shaped and includes an inlet end and an outlet end. Under the action of the driving component, the sample rack and test tube can be transferred into the tray through the inlet end or removed from the tray through the outlet end. The tray is provided with guide wheels and a clamping unit. The guide wheels can pass through the first side wall of the tray and contact the sample rack laterally. Under the action of the clamping unit, the guide wheels can press the sample rack against the second side wall of the tray to hold the sample rack.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the pressing unit includes a swing arm and a tension spring. The swing arm is hinged to the first column on the tray at the middle position. The guide wheel is rotatably connected to the first end of the swing arm. The second end of the guide wheel is connected to the second column on the tray through the tension spring. Under the action of the tension spring, the guide wheel can press the sample holder against the second side wall of the tray.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, there are two trays arranged side by side, and the bottom surface of each tray has an axially extending elongated hole. The driving assembly includes a sample holder, a mounting frame, a connecting plate, a lever, a first driving unit, a second driving unit, a third driving rod unit, and a fourth driving unit. The sample holder is slidably connected to the frame body from left to right and can slide under the action of the first driving unit. The mounting frame is slidably connected to the sample holder from top to bottom and can slide up and down under the action of the second driving unit. The two trays are mounted on the mounting frame. There are two connecting plates arranged side by side. The connecting plates are slidably connected to the mounting frame from front to back and can slide back and forth under the action of the third driving unit to move closer to or away from the first or second shelf layer. There are two levers. The levers are adjustable in position and connected to the connecting plates at corresponding positions. The levers can rise or fall under the action of the fourth driving unit. The levers can pass through the elongated hole and extend into the limiting cavity on the bottom surface of the sample holder. The levers move axially along the elongated hole to push the sample holder into or out of the tray.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, a first photoelectric switch is provided at the entrance end of the tray. The first photoelectric switch can identify the sample rack in the first or second storage position and send a signal to an external controller. The system also includes a first optocoupler, a second optocoupler, and a third optocoupler. The first drive unit includes a first self-locking motor, with a first baffle coaxially fixed to the rotor end of the first self-locking motor. The outer edge of the first baffle is provided with several first slots, and the first optocoupler can identify the first slots and send a signal to the external controller. The second drive unit includes a second self-locking motor, with a second baffle coaxially fixed to the rotor end of the second self-locking motor. The second baffle has several second slots on its outer edge, and the second optocoupler can identify the second slots and send signals to an external controller; the third drive unit includes a third self-locking motor, the rotor end of which is coaxially fixed to a third baffle, the outer edge of which is provided with several third slots, and the third optocoupler can identify the third slots and send signals to an external controller; the fourth drive unit includes a fourth motor, the rotor end of which is coaxially fixed to a fourth gear, the fourth gear meshing with a fourth rack, the fourth rack being slidably connected to a connecting plate, and the fourth rack being connected upward to a lever.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, the sample holder includes a plurality of grooves arranged in sequence. The grooves are used to accommodate test tubes and can fit against the outer wall of the test tubes. The bottom surface of the sample holder has a limiting cavity with an opening facing downward, which facilitates the limiting plate to extend into the limiting cavity to limit the sample holder to slide along its axial direction.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, the first storage position is used to accommodate a basket carrying a sample rack. The basket includes a base plate, and two handles are fixedly connected upwards on both sides of the base plate. Several vertical plates are fixedly connected in sequence on the base plate between the two handles. A sliding groove for accommodating the sample rack is formed between two adjacent vertical plates. The bottom surface of the sliding groove is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the position of the limiting cavity. A movable plate is hinged to the bottom of the base plate by a torsion spring. One end of the movable plate is connected to several upwardly extending limiting plates. The limiting plates are set one-to-one with the positions of the first through holes. The other end of the movable plate is connected to several downwardly extending levers. When the basket is suspended, the limiting plates can pass through the first through holes and extend into the limiting cavity under the action of the torsion spring. When the basket is placed on a table, the table pushes the levers upwards to drive the limiting plates out of the limiting cavity.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, two positioning blocks are fixedly connected downwards on both sides of the base plate in the width direction. The two ends of the movable plate are respectively hinged to the two positioning blocks by torsion springs. The first shelf includes a plurality of first arms arranged in sequence. The first arm includes a positioning recess that cooperates with the positioning block, and a first storage position is formed between two adjacent first arms.

[0016] A multilayer sample pretreatment method, employing the multilayer sample pretreatment apparatus described above, includes the following steps:

[0017] A. Place the sample rack and the test tubes on it on the first shelf and / or the second shelf;

[0018] B. The transfer unit receives instructions sent by the external controller;

[0019] C. The transfer unit completes the transfer of the sample rack and the test tubes on it between the barcode scanning position and the second storage position, between the first shelf and the second shelf, and between the second shelf and the subsequent testing process and the conveying unit according to the instructions.

[0020] Based on the above technical solution, when the transfer unit transfers the sample rack and the test tubes on it according to the instructions, the external controller calculates the waiting time a1 for the transfer unit to transfer the next sample rack and the test tubes on it in the second storage position to the subsequent testing position, and calculates the waiting time a2 for the transfer unit to receive the next sample rack and test tubes transmitted back by the conveying unit. When a1 or a2 is less than the set threshold a3, the transfer unit transfers the next sample rack and the test tubes on it in the second storage position to the subsequent testing position, or the transfer unit receives the next sample rack and the test tubes on it transmitted back by the conveying unit and transfers them to the second storage position.

[0021] When both a1 and a2 are greater than the set threshold a3, the external controller controls the transfer unit to transfer the sample rack and the test tubes on it between the first and second racks. When transferring the sample rack and the test tubes on it from the first rack to the second rack, the transfer unit first transfers the sample rack and test tubes to the barcode scanning position, and then transfers them from the barcode scanning position to the second storage position.

[0022] Beneficial effects

[0023] This invention features a rational structure, comprising a first shelf and a second shelf. The first shelf has multiple sample racks or baskets for storing samples, allowing staff to conveniently place baskets containing test tubes for testing. Simultaneously, recovered sample racks and their clean support tubes can also be stored there for easy retrieval. The first and second shelves are positioned vertically, spatially separating the staff's operating area from the transfer unit's working area, preventing overlap and reducing the probability of malfunctions. The second shelf includes several second storage locations and barcode scanning locations. Sample racks and test tubes transferred to the second shelf by the transfer unit can be scanned and temporarily stored in the second storage locations. This further expands storage capacity and provides spatial independence from the first shelf, preventing accidental contact by staff. After sequentially scanning and coding the test tubes and sample racks, the transfer unit can move the sample racks from the second storage locations to the next testing step, while also temporarily storing sample racks and test tubes recovered by the transport unit in the second storage locations. This multi-functional design allows for compatibility with various automated testing equipment.

[0024] The number of trays can be multiple, allowing multiple operation steps to be completed in one stroke of the transfer unit, which helps to further improve the efficiency of test tube transfer and the testing efficiency of the testing production line.

[0025] Furthermore, in the pretreatment method of the present invention, the transfer unit prioritizes the transfer between the second storage location and the testing process or the recovery and conveying unit. When the aforementioned process requires waiting, the transfer unit can transfer the sample rack between the first shelf and the second shelf, which is beneficial to improve the testing rhythm, conforms to the existing testing situation, avoids the sample tube transfer link becoming a bottleneck that hinders the improvement of testing efficiency, and greatly improves the testing efficiency.

[0026] The sample rack and basket of this invention are rationally designed. The bottom of the sample rack has a limiting cavity, which allows a limiting plate to extend into and axially limit the sample rack. The basket includes a movable plate. When the basket is placed on a table, the table can push an upward lever to disengage the limiting plate from the limiting cavity. When the basket is suspended, the limiting plate can extend into the limiting cavity through a first through hole under the action of a torsion spring. When the basket is placed on a panel, the panel pushes an upward lever to drive the limiting plate out of the limiting cavity. This design is convenient and conforms to operating habits. During basket transfer, the sample rack can be confined within the basket, and it can be easily placed and removed before transfer. In addition, two positioning blocks are included below the basket for easy positioning when placing it, ensuring good safety. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be derived from the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the multilayer sample pretreatment device from the front view;

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-layer sample pretreatment device Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-layer sample pretreatment device Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 4 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the transfer unit;

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tray Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 6 : A top view of the tray's structure;

[0034] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sample holder Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sample holder Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the basket Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the basket Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 11 : A three-dimensional structural diagram of the movable board; Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate specific embodiments described herein to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Some embodiments may include or substitute parts and features of other embodiments. The scope of the embodiments herein encompasses the entire scope of the claims and all available equivalents thereof. Throughout this document, the terms “first,” “second,” etc., are used only to distinguish one element from another without requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between the elements. Indeed, a first element can also be referred to as a second element, and vice versa. Furthermore, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a structure, apparatus, or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a structure, apparatus, or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the structure, apparatus, or device that includes said element. The various embodiments described herein are presented in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments; similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably.

[0040] The terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" used in this document to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for the convenience of describing the document and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description herein, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two elements; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] In this document, unless otherwise stated, the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0042] In this article, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0043] In this article, the term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figures 1-6 The multi-layer sample pretreatment device shown includes a frame body 1, a first frame layer 2, a second frame layer 3, and a transfer unit 4.

[0046] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the frame body 1 is a frame structure, and the frame body 1 is connected downward to several casters and adjustable feet to facilitate the movement of the pre-processing frame.

[0047] First shelf, level 2, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the first shelf 2 includes a plurality of first arms 21 arranged in sequence. Adjacent first arms 21 are connected by shelves, and a first storage space is formed between two first arms 21. In this embodiment, a basket 200 carrying multiple sample racks 100 can be accommodated in the first storage space. In addition, the first storage space includes a limiting member that cooperates with the basket 200 to stably place the basket 200 in the first storage space. In this embodiment, the first shelf 2 is a single layer. In other embodiments of the present invention, the first shelf 2 may have multiple layers, arranged side by side vertically.

[0048] The second shelf layer 3, located on the shelf body 1, includes sequentially arranged barcode scanning positions 32 and several second storage positions 31. The barcode scanning positions 32 and the second storage positions 31 are used to accommodate sample racks 100. Specifically, the second shelf layer 3 includes a second support plate, on which several second upright plates are vertically fixed. A receiving groove for accommodating the sample rack 100 is formed between two adjacent second upright plates. A baffle is fixed at the end of the receiving groove to prevent the sample rack 100 from falling out. A U-shaped groove is formed on the bottom surface of the receiving groove, with the opening of the U-shaped groove facing the beginning of the receiving groove and forming a notch on the second support plate. In addition, a stop bar is provided on the second support plate near the beginning of the receiving groove. The stop bar is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom to allow the sample rack 100 to slide in and out of the receiving groove at an angle.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the barcode scanning position 32 is positioned close to the barcode scanner. The light emitted by the barcode scanner passes through the notch on the side wall of the barcode scanning position 32 to read information on the test tube or sample rack 100 and encode the information on the test tube or sample rack 100. The barcode scanner is existing technology and will not be described in detail here; those skilled in the art can purchase it according to their needs. In this embodiment, the second shelf layer 3 is a single layer. In other embodiments of the present invention, the second shelf layer 3 may have multiple layers, arranged vertically side-by-side; the first shelf layer 2 and the second shelf layer 3 are arranged vertically parallel and located on the same side of the transfer unit 4.

[0050] The transfer unit 4 includes a drive assembly and a tray 45. The drive assembly drives the tray 45 to move so as to transfer the sample rack 100 between the barcode scanning position 32 and the second storage position 31, between the first shelf 2 and the second shelf 3, and between the second shelf 3 and the subsequent testing process and the conveying unit.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the driving assembly includes a sample holder 41, a mounting bracket 42, a connecting plate 43, a lever 44, a first driving unit 46, a second driving unit, a third driving rod unit 48, a fourth driving unit 49, a first optocoupler 410, a second optocoupler 411, and a third optocoupler 412.

[0052] The sample holder 41 is slidably connected to the holder body 1 and can slide under the action of the first drive unit 46. Specifically, the first drive unit 46 includes a first self-locking motor, which drives the sample holder 41 to slide via a first synchronous belt. A first baffle is coaxially fixed to the rotor end of the first self-locking motor. The outer edge of the first baffle is provided with a plurality of first slots. A first optocoupler 410 is fixed on the holder body 1 and can identify the first slots and send signals to an external controller. In addition, a fifth optocoupler is provided on the holder body 1 at the end of the travel of the sample holder 41. A fifth baffle is also fixed on the sample holder 41. The fifth optocoupler can identify the fifth baffle to prevent the sample holder 41 from falling out of the holder body 1.

[0053] The mounting bracket 42 is slidably connected to the sample holder 41 and can slide up and down under the action of the second drive unit. Specifically, the second drive unit includes a second self-locking motor, which drives the mounting bracket 42 to slide up and down via a second stepper belt. A second baffle is coaxially fixed to the rotor end of the second self-locking motor. The outer edge of the second baffle is provided with several second slots. The second optocoupler 411 can identify the second slots and send signals to an external controller. In addition, a sixth optocoupler is provided on the sample holder 41 at the end of the travel of the mounting bracket 42. A sixth baffle is also fixed to the mounting bracket 42. The sixth optocoupler can identify the sixth baffle to prevent the mounting bracket from falling off the sample holder 41.

[0054] A tray 45 is located at the upper end of the mounting bracket 42. The tray 45 is generally U-shaped and includes an inlet end and an outlet end. The bottom surface of the tray 45 has an axially extending elongated hole 451, which passes through the inlet end of the tray 45. Figure 5As shown, both the inlet and outlet ends of the tray 45 are funnel-shaped to guide the sample rack 100 into the tray 45. The inlet end of the tray 45 is provided with a first photoelectric switch 5, which can identify the sample rack 100 in the basket 200 or the second storage position 31 and send a signal to an external controller. In addition, guide wheels 452 and a clamping unit are provided outside the tray 45. In this embodiment, there are two sets of guide wheels 452 and clamping units, which are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the tray 45. The guide wheels 452 partially pass through the first side wall of the tray 45 and contact the sample holder 100 laterally. The clamping unit includes a swing rod 453 and a tension spring 454. The swing rod 453 is hinged to the first column on the tray 45 at the middle position. The guide wheel 452 is rotatably connected to the first end of the swing rod. The second end of the guide wheel 452 is connected to the second column on the tray 45 through the tension spring 454. Under the action of the tension spring 454, the guide wheel 452 can press the sample holder 100 onto the second side wall of the tray 45. In this way, the sample holder 100 can be clamped during the transfer process to prevent the sample holder 100 from falling off and causing a serious testing accident.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the connecting plate 43 is located below the tray 45. The connecting plate 43 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 42 and can slide back and forth under the action of the third drive unit 48 to move closer to or away from the first shelf layer 2 or the second shelf layer 3. Specifically, the third drive unit 48 includes a third self-locking motor, which drives the connecting plate 43 to slide back and forth via a third synchronous belt. A third baffle is coaxially fixed to the rotor end of the third self-locking motor. The outer edge of the third baffle is provided with several third slots. The third optocoupler can identify the third slots and send signals to an external controller. In addition, a seventh optocoupler is provided on the mounting plate 42 at the end of the travel of the connecting plate 43, and a seventh baffle is also fixed to the connecting plate 43. The seventh optocoupler can identify the seventh baffle to prevent the connecting plate 43 from falling off the mounting plate 42. In this embodiment, a self-locking motor is selected to avoid the sample rack 100 or test tubes falling in the event of a sudden power failure, which is beneficial to improving the safety of the test.

[0056] The lever 44 is adjustable in position to be connected to the connecting plate 43 and can rise or fall under the action of the fourth drive unit 49. Specifically, the fourth drive unit 49 includes a fourth motor, and a fourth gear is coaxially fixed to the rotor end of the fourth motor. The fourth gear meshes with a fourth rack, which is slidably connected to the connecting plate 43 and connected upward to the lever 44. In addition, the head of the lever 44 is tapered. Specifically, the lever 44 can pass through the elongated hole 451 and extend into the tray 45 and move axially along the elongated hole 451. The head of the lever 44 extending into the tray 45 can extend into the recessed cavity at the bottom of the sample holder 100 to push or push the sample holder 100 into or out of the tray 45. In this way, the sample holder 100 can be transferred between the first shelf layer 2 and the second shelf layer 3, and between the second shelf layer 3 and subsequent processes, which not only has high operating efficiency but also a high degree of automation.

[0057] like Figure 7 As shown, the sample holder 100 includes a plurality of grooves 101 arranged in sequence. The grooves 101 are used to hold test tubes. When the lower part of the test tube is inserted into the groove 101, the inner wall of the groove 101 fits against the outer wall of the test tube, resulting in good stability.

[0058] The groove 101 includes a first slot 104 communicating with the outside. The first slot 104 extends upward and forms a notch at the upper end of the groove 101. The lower part of the outer wall of the first slot 104 has an inward angle from top to bottom, forming a first inclined surface 106. This allows the light emitted by the barcode scanner to enter the groove 101 through the first slot 104, enabling wider identification of the coded information on the test tube. This helps reduce the failure rate and provides greater tolerance for test tube placement, facilitating operation. In this embodiment, the side wall of the groove 101 also includes a second slot corresponding to the position of the first slot 104, allowing the operator to easily check the reagent level in the test tube.

[0059] At least two crossbeams 102 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sample holder 100, forming a limiting cavity between the two crossbeams 102. When the sample holder 100 is placed in the basket 200, a limiting plate 206 can extend into the limiting cavity to limit the sample holder 100 to slide along its axial direction. In addition, side plates 103 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the sample holder 100, and the two side plates 103 extend along the axial direction of the sample holder. The two side plates 103 are connected by two or more crossbeams 102 to form multiple concave cavities, which facilitates the insertion of the lever 44 into the concave cavities, so that the lever 44 can be tractively connected to the sample holder 100. In this embodiment, multiple cross plates 107 are also connected between the two side plates 103 to form multiple concave cavities. On the one hand, this helps to improve the structural strength of the sample holder 100, and on the other hand, the lever 44 extends into the concave cavities to drive the sample holder 100 to slide.

[0060] The upper surface of the groove 101 is marked with symbols to identify the location of the groove and arrows indicating the direction of test tube placement, which guides the operator to place the test tubes correctly and helps to reduce human error.

[0061] The first storage compartment is used to accommodate a basket 200 carrying a sample rack 100. The basket 200 includes a base plate 201, and two handles 202 are fixedly connected upwards on both sides of the base plate 201. Each handle 202 includes two uprights, which are fixed downwards to the base plate 201. The tops of the uprights extend horizontally inwards to form extension sections, and the ends of the two extension sections are connected by a connecting rod. The uprights, extension sections, and connecting rods are integrally formed and have a circular cross-section for easy gripping. Figure 9 As shown, several vertical plates 203 are fixedly connected to the base plate 201 between the two handles 202. A sliding groove 204 is formed between adjacent vertical plates 203 to accommodate the sample holder as described above. The bottom surface of the sliding groove 204 has a first through hole 2041 corresponding to the position of the limiting cavity. A movable plate 205 is hinged below the base plate 201 via a torsion spring. Figure 11 As shown, one end of the movable plate 205 is connected to several upwardly extending limiting plates 206, and the limiting plates 206 are set in a one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the first through holes 2041. The other end of the movable plate 205 is connected to several downwardly extending levers 207. When the basket 200 is suspended, the limiting plates 206 can pass through the first through holes 2041 and extend into the limiting cavity under the action of the torsion spring. When the basket 200 is placed on a panel, such as when the basket 200 is placed on the first arm 21, the shelf surface pushes the levers 207 upward to drive the limiting plates 206 out of the limiting cavity, so that the sample holder 100 can slide in and out of the slide groove 204.

[0062] like Figure 10 As shown, it also includes an L-shaped plate 208. The first cantilever 2081 of the L-shaped plate 208 is attached and fixed to the bottom surface of the base plate 201. Specifically, the first cantilever 2081 is provided with positioning holes, and the corresponding position of the upright plate 203 is provided with positioning protrusions corresponding to the positions of the positioning holes. Screws pass through the base plate 201 and are screwed to the first cantilever 2081 to fix the L-shaped plate 208 and the base plate 201. The second cantilever 2082 of the L-shaped plate 208 is engaged with the upright plate 203 and forms a baffle at the end of the slide groove 204 to prevent the sample holder from falling out of the slide groove. In this way, on the one hand, it is convenient to position and assemble the base plate 201, several upright plates 203 and L-shaped plate 208. On the other hand, the base plate 201 and several upright plates 203 are large-format flat structures, which are convenient to process and help to simplify the process.

[0063] like Figure 9 and 10As shown, a boss 209 is provided on the base plate 201 near the first end of the slide groove 204. The boss 209 is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, and it extends axially and spans several slide grooves 204. On the one hand, this prevents the sample holder from falling out of the slide groove 204; on the other hand, when the sample holder is not fully pushed into the slide groove 204, the boss 209 ensures that the sample holder is in line contact with the bottom surface of the slide groove 204, resulting in low resistance to pushing in and convenient operation. Figure 9 As shown, a U-shaped notch 2042 is provided on the bottom plate 201 that forms the bottom surface of the chute 204. The U-shaped notch 2042 is located near the head end of the chute 204 and divides the boss 209 into several length segments. The U-shaped notch 2042 facilitates the pulling out or pushing of the sample holder from the bottom of the basket.

[0064] like Figure 10 As shown, two opposing positioning blocks 210 are fixedly connected downwards on both sides of the base plate 201, and the two ends of the movable plate 205 are respectively hinged to the two positioning blocks 210 by torsion springs. A positioning recess that cooperates with the positioning block 210 is provided at the corresponding position of the first arm 21, and a first storage position is formed between two adjacent first arms 21.

[0065] A multilayer sample pretreatment method, employing the multilayer sample pretreatment apparatus described above, includes the following steps:

[0066] A. Staff members place the sample rack 100 containing test tubes into the basket 200 and move the basket 200 to the first storage position, or place the coded sample rack 100 and test tubes directly on the second shelf 3; during the replenishment of sample test tubes, the sample pretreatment device is initialized. Before the initialization is completed, the transfer unit 4 transfers the sample rack 100 between the first shelf 2 and the second shelf 3.

[0067] B. Transfer unit 4 receives instructions sent by the external controller;

[0068] C. The transfer unit 4 completes the transfer of the sample rack 100 and the test tubes on it according to the instructions between the barcode scanning position 32 and the second storage position 31, between the first shelf layer 2 and the second shelf layer 3, and between the second shelf layer 3 and the subsequent testing process and the conveying unit.

[0069] When the transfer unit 4 transfers the sample rack 100 and the test tubes thereon according to the instructions, the external controller calculates the waiting time a1 for the transfer unit to transfer the next sample rack 100 and the test tubes thereon to the second storage position 31 to the subsequent testing position, and calculates the waiting time a2 for the transfer unit 4 to receive the next sample rack 100 and the test tubes thereon from the conveying unit. When a1 or a2 is less than the set threshold a3, the transfer unit 4 transfers the next sample rack 100 and the test tubes thereon to the second storage position 31 to the subsequent testing position, or the transfer unit 4 receives the next sample rack 100 and the test tubes thereon from the conveying unit and transfers them to the second storage position 31.

[0070] When both a1 and a2 are greater than the set threshold a3, the external controller controls the transfer unit 4 to transfer the sample rack 100 and the test tubes on it between the first shelf layer 2 and the second shelf layer 3. When transferring the sample rack 100 and the test tubes on it from the first shelf layer 2 to the second shelf layer 3, the transfer unit 4 first transfers the sample rack 100 and the test tubes to the barcode scanning position 32, and then transfers them from the barcode scanning position 32 to the second storage position 31.

[0071] This allows for priority to meet the needs of subsequent testing procedures and delivery units, ensuring that the pretreatment device, subsequent testing procedures, and delivery units in this application have a matching operating rhythm in the reagent testing process, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the testing process.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, two trays 45 are arranged side by side on the mounting frame 42, and there are two connecting plates 43, levers 44, third drive units 48, and fourth drive units 49, each corresponding to one of the two trays 45. Thus, the transfer unit 4 can complete multiple operation steps in one stroke, which is beneficial to further improving the efficiency of test tube transfer and the detection efficiency of the testing production line.

[0074] The present invention has been described above by way of example, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any modifications or variations made based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layer sample pretreatment device, characterized in that, include: Frame body (1); The first shelf layer (2) is located on the shelf body (1) and includes a plurality of first storage positions arranged in sequence. The first storage positions are used to accommodate the sample rack (100) or the basket (200) carrying the sample rack (100). The number of the first shelf layers (2) is one or more. The second shelf layer (3) is located on the shelf body (1) and includes a number of barcode scanning positions (32) and a number of second storage positions (31) arranged in sequence. The barcode scanning positions (32) and the second storage positions (31) are used to accommodate sample racks (100). The barcode scanning positions (32) are located close to the barcode scanner. The barcode scanner can read the information on the test tubes or sample racks (100) and encode the information on the test tubes or sample racks (100). The number of the second shelf layer (3) is one or more. The transfer unit (4) includes a drive assembly and at least one tray (45). The drive assembly drives the tray (45) to move to transfer the sample rack (100) between the barcode scanning position (32) and the second storage position (31), between the first shelf layer (2) and the second shelf layer (3), and between the second shelf layer (3) and the subsequent testing process and the conveying unit. The bottom surface of the sample holder (100) has a downward-facing limiting cavity, which allows the limiting plate (206) to extend into the limiting cavity to limit the sample holder (100) to slide along its axial direction. The first storage compartment is used to accommodate a basket (200) for carrying a sample rack. The basket (200) includes a base plate (201). Two handles (202) are fixedly connected upwards on both sides of the base plate (201). A plurality of vertical plates (203) are fixedly connected in sequence on the base plate (201) between the two handles (202). A sliding groove (204) for accommodating the sample rack is formed between two adjacent vertical plates (203). The bottom surface of the sliding groove (204) is provided with a first through hole (2041) corresponding to the position of the limiting cavity. A movable plate is hinged below the base plate (201) by a torsion spring. 205), one end of the movable plate (205) is connected to several upwardly extending limiting plates (206), the limiting plates (206) are set one-to-one with the positions of the first through hole (2041), the other end of the movable plate (205) is connected to several downwardly extending levers (207), when the basket is suspended, under the action of the torsion spring, the limiting plate (206) can pass through the first through hole (2041) and extend into the limiting cavity. When the basket is placed on a table, the table pushes the levers (207) upward to drive the limiting plate (206) out of the limiting cavity.

2. The multilayer sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first shelf layer (2) and the second shelf layer (3) are arranged parallel to each other and located on the same side of the transfer unit (4). The tray (45) is U-shaped and includes an inlet end and an outlet end. Under the action of the drive component, the sample rack (100) and test tubes can be transferred into the tray (45) through the inlet end of the tray (45) or moved out of the tray (45) through the outlet end of the tray (45). The tray (45) is provided with guide wheels (452) and a pressing unit. The guide wheels (452) can pass through the first side wall of the tray (45) and contact the sample rack (100) laterally. Under the action of the pressing unit, the guide wheels (452) can press the sample rack (100) onto the second side wall of the tray (45) to clamp the sample rack (100).

3. The multilayer sample pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressing unit includes a swing rod (453) and a tension spring (454). The swing rod (453) is hinged to the first column on the tray (45) at the middle position. The guide wheel (452) is rotatably connected to the first end of the swing rod (453). The second end of the guide wheel (452) is connected to the second column on the tray (45) through the tension spring (454). Under the action of the tension spring (454), the guide wheel (452) can press the sample holder (100) against the second side wall of the tray (45).

4. The multilayer sample pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two trays (45) arranged side by side. The bottom surface of each tray (45) is provided with an axially extending elongated hole (451). The driving assembly includes a sample holder (41), a mounting bracket (42), a connecting plate (43), a lever (44), a first driving unit (46), a second driving unit, a third driving rod unit (48), and a fourth driving unit (49). The sample holder (41) is slidably connected to the holder body (1) from left to right and can slide under the action of the first driving unit (46). The mounting bracket (42) is slidably connected to the sample holder (41) from top to bottom and can slide up and down under the action of the second driving unit. The two trays (45) are mounted on the mounting bracket (42). The connecting plate (45) 43) There are two connecting plates (43) arranged side by side. The connecting plates (43) are slidably connected to the mounting frame (42) and can slide back and forth under the action of the third driving unit (48) to move closer to or away from the first shelf (2) or the second shelf (3). There are two levers (44). The levers (44) are adjustable in position and connected to the connecting plates (43) at the corresponding positions. The levers (44) can rise or fall under the action of the fourth driving unit (49). The levers (44) can pass through the elongated hole (451) and extend into the limiting cavity on the bottom surface of the sample holder (100). The levers (44) can move axially along the elongated hole (451) to push the sample holder (100) into or out of the tray (45).

5. The multilayer sample pretreatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tray (45) is provided with a first photoelectric switch (5) at its entrance end. The first photoelectric switch (5) can identify the sample rack (100) in the first storage position or the second storage position (31) and send a signal to the external controller. It also includes a first optocoupler (410), a second optocoupler (411) and a third optocoupler (412). The first drive unit (46) includes a first self-locking motor. The rotor end of the first self-locking motor is coaxially fixed with a first baffle. The outer edge of the first baffle is provided with a plurality of first slots. The first optocoupler (410) can identify the first slots and send a signal to the external controller. The second drive unit includes a second self-locking motor. The rotor end of the second self-locking motor is coaxially fixed with a second baffle. The second baffle has several second slots on its outer edge. The second optocoupler (411) can identify the second slots and send signals to an external controller. The third drive unit (48) includes a third self-locking motor. The rotor end of the third self-locking motor is coaxially fixed to the third baffle. The outer edge of the third baffle has several third slots. The third optocoupler (412) can identify the third slots and send signals to an external controller. The fourth drive unit (49) includes a fourth motor. The rotor end of the fourth motor is coaxially fixed to the fourth gear. The fourth gear meshes with the fourth rack. The fourth rack is slidably connected to the connecting plate (43) and is connected upward to the lever (44).

6. The multilayer sample pretreatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The sample holder (100) includes a plurality of grooves (101) arranged in sequence, the grooves (101) being used to accommodate test tubes and being able to fit against the outer wall of the test tubes.

7. The multilayer sample pretreatment apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base plate (201) has two opposing positioning blocks (210) fixedly connected downwards on both sides in the width direction. The two ends of the movable plate (205) are respectively hinged to the two positioning blocks (210) by torsion springs. The first shelf (2) includes a plurality of first arms (21) arranged in sequence. The first arm (21) includes a positioning recess that cooperates with the positioning block (210), and a first storage position is formed between two adjacent first arms (21).

8. A multi-layer sample preprocessing method, employing the multi-layer sample preprocessing apparatus as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 and 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A. Place the sample rack (100) and the test tubes on it in the first shelf (2) and / or the second shelf (3). B. The transfer unit (4) receives instructions sent by the external controller; C. The transfer unit (4) completes the transfer of the sample rack (100) and the test tubes on it according to the instructions between the barcode scanning position (32) and the second storage position (31), between the first shelf layer (2) and the second shelf layer (3), and between the second shelf layer (3) and the subsequent testing process and the conveying unit. When the transfer unit (4) transfers the sample rack (100) and the test tubes on it according to the instructions, the external controller calculates the waiting time a1 for the transfer unit to transfer the sample rack (100) and the test tubes on it from the second storage position (31) to the subsequent testing position, and calculates the waiting time a2 for the transfer unit (4) to receive the next sample rack (100) and test tubes transmitted back by the transport unit. When a1 or a2 is less than the set threshold a3, the transfer unit (4) transfers the sample rack (100) and the test tubes on it in the second storage position (31) to the subsequent testing station, or the transfer unit (4) receives the next sample rack (100) and the test tubes on it sent back by the conveying unit and transfers them to the second storage position (31). When both a1 and a2 are greater than the set threshold a3, the external controller controls the transfer unit (4) to transfer the sample rack (100) and the test tubes on it between the first shelf layer (2) and the second shelf layer (3). When transferring the sample rack (100) and the test tubes on it from the first shelf layer (2) to the second shelf layer (3), the transfer unit (4) first transfers the sample rack (100) and the test tubes to the barcode scanning position (32), and then transfers them from the barcode scanning position (32) to the second storage position (31).

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