Anti-permeable concrete and filter tank V-shaped groove construction method using the same

Abstract

The application relates to the construction field, in particular to anti-permeation concrete and a filter tank V-shaped groove construction method using the concrete. The anti-permeation concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 140-150 parts of water, 360-370 parts of cement, 1200-1300 parts of coarse aggregate, 600-650 parts of fine aggregate, 30-70 parts of gneiss stone powder, 0.3-1.5 parts of sodium alginate, 2-6 parts of ramie fiber and 1-5 parts of water reducing agent. The filter tank V-shaped groove construction method using the concrete comprises the following steps: pouring concrete vertical wall; reinforcing bar binding; supporting and erecting and installing the inclined plate formwork, and horizontally arranging a reserved pipe at the bottom of the inclined plate formwork; preparing the anti-permeation concrete, and then pouring the anti-permeation concrete along the inclined plate formwork; removing the inclined plate formwork, taking out the reserved pipe and burying a sweeping pipe at the reserved position. The application has the advantage of improving the anti-permeation capacity of the inclined plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of construction, and more specifically, to impermeable concrete and a method for constructing a V-groove filter pool using the concrete. Background Technology

[0002] V-shaped channels are commonly used in filter beds of water purification plants, and these filters are also known as V-type filters. V-type filters have advantages such as good effluent quality, high filtration rate, and energy saving, and are therefore widely used in water filtration plants, especially large-scale water purification plants.

[0003] Currently, typical V-shaped channels are constructed using cast-in-place concrete, forming a sloping slab only a few millimeters thin. Wastewater to be treated is piped into the V-shaped channel and discharged into the filter tank through the cleaning holes in the sloping slab. This results in the sloping slab constantly bearing the pressure of the wastewater and being constantly submerged in it. Due to structural limitations, the sloping slab cannot be too thick; the thin structure, constantly submerged in wastewater, is easily damaged. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the impermeability of the inclined slab without changing its thickness, this application provides impermeable concrete and a method for constructing a V-shaped trough for a filter pool using the concrete.

[0005] In the first aspect, this application provides an impermeable concrete, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An impermeable concrete, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 140-150 parts water, 360-370 parts cement, 1200-1300 parts coarse aggregate, 600-650 parts fine aggregate, 30-70 parts gneiss powder, 0.3-1.5 parts sodium alginate, 2-6 parts ramie fiber, and 1-5 parts water-reducing agent.

[0007] By employing the above-mentioned technical solution, with the combined action of gneiss rock powder, sodium alginate, and ramie fiber, sodium alginate rapidly penetrates into the layered structure of the gneiss rock powder and is firmly fixed within it. During the stirring and hydration reaction, sodium alginate combines with calcium ions in the system to form a gel, absorbs moisture from the environment to expand, and quickly adsorbs onto the surface of the gneiss rock powder, filling the layered structure and making it dense and compact. In the concrete system, especially with the interlayering of gneiss rock powder particles, it provides excellent barrier properties, forming a roughened surface layer that increases the flow resistance within the concrete. This allows the gel structure to fill the micro-gaps and layered structures of the system more quickly, altering the microstructure of the concrete, making the concrete system denser, and preventing water from easily penetrating, thus resulting in higher compressive strength and impermeability.

[0008] Because the gel is sandwiched within a layered structure, it forms a unique structure, making it difficult for moisture to evaporate from the gel surface and the surrounding network, and the gel is less prone to shrinkage. The gel formed by gneiss powder, sodium alginate, and ramie fiber works together to bond tightly to the concrete system as a unified whole.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of gneiss rock powder, sodium alginate, and ramie fiber is (45-60):(0.8-1.2):(3.5-5.0).

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the mass ratio between gneiss rock powder, sodium alginate, and ramie fiber is further limited, making it easier for sodium alginate to enter the layered structure of gneiss rock powder and less likely to fall off, thus achieving a better mixing effect and further improving the compressive strength and impermeability of concrete.

[0011] Preferably, the gneiss rock powder is one or more of modified gneiss rock powder and ordinary gneiss rock powder;

[0012] The preparation method of modified gneiss rock powder includes the following steps: soaking ordinary gneiss rock powder in an acid solution for 15-45 minutes, removing it and filtering it to obtain modified gneiss rock powder.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the modified gneiss powder has higher activity and can participate more actively in the hydration reaction, which is beneficial to improving the strength of concrete.

[0014] Preferably, the acid solution is one or a mixture of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the acid solution is readily available and inexpensive, making it suitable for use in the concrete industry where large quantities are used, thus helping to reduce costs.

[0016] Preferably, the acid solution is hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 2%-8%.

[0017] Preferably, when preparing the modified gneiss rock powder, the mass ratio of ordinary gneiss rock powder to acid solution is 1:(10-20).

[0018] If the acid solution concentration is too high, it is easy to over-modify the gneiss powder and destroy its layered structure; if the acid solution concentration is too low, it will take a long time to modify the gneiss powder to achieve the desired effect.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution and further limiting the type and concentration of the acid solution, a modified gneiss powder with an ideal structure can be obtained. This modified gneiss powder can both affect the hydration reaction of cement and have a good synergistic effect with sodium alginate.

[0020] Preferably, the gneiss rock powder is modified gneiss rock powder and ordinary gneiss rock powder, and the mass ratio of modified gneiss rock powder to ordinary gneiss rock powder is 1:(0.8-1.2), with the mass of modified gneiss rock powder as the basis.

[0021] The structure of modified gneiss powder will be altered to some extent, which can better promote the cement hydration reaction, but the adsorption and adhesion effect of sodium alginate will decrease.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the mixing ratio of modified gneiss stone powder and ordinary gneiss stone powder is further limited, so that the activity and adhesion are in a balanced state. This can not only accelerate the cement hydration reaction, but also provide sufficient layered structure for sodium alginate. With full coordination, it has higher strength, denser structure and better impermeability.

[0023] Preferably, the sodium alginate is mixed with water to prepare a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 0.5-1.0%.

[0024] Sodium alginate is prepared into a solution of a specific concentration so that it can be more evenly distributed in the system and not be over-concentrated, thus fully filling the layered structure.

[0025] Secondly, this application provides a construction method for a V-shaped trough filter tank using concrete, employing the following technical solution:

[0026] A method for constructing a V-shaped trough filter tank using concrete includes the following steps:

[0027] Casting concrete vertical walls;

[0028] Rebar tying;

[0029] The inclined slab formwork support is erected and installed, and a pre-reserved pipe is horizontally installed at the bottom of the inclined slab formwork;

[0030] Prepare impermeable concrete, and then pour the impermeable concrete along the inclined slab formwork;

[0031] Remove the inclined slab formwork, take out the reserved pipe, and bury the cleaning pipe at the reserved location.

[0032] By employing the above technical solution and using specific impermeable concrete for pouring, an inclined slab is formed. Impermeable concrete possesses high strength and impermeability, thus endowing the thin inclined slab with excellent performance. The thin inclined slab can withstand water pressure when washed or soaked by water, and due to its dense structure, it is not easily eroded by water, resulting in a longer service life and a less easily damaged structure.

[0033] Preferably, the method for preparing the impermeable concrete includes the following steps:

[0034] Cement, gneiss powder, and ramie fiber are mixed evenly to obtain a preliminary mixture;

[0035] Coarse aggregate and fine aggregate are mixed to obtain a mixture;

[0036] Mix the initial mixture with water, then add the final mixture, sodium alginate, and water-reducing agent, and mix until homogeneous to obtain the finished product.

[0037] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. A sloping slab is formed by pouring specific impermeable concrete. Impermeable concrete has high strength and impermeability, thus giving the thin sloping slab excellent performance. The thin sloping slab can withstand water pressure when washed or soaked, and its dense structure makes it less susceptible to water erosion, resulting in a longer service life and less structural damage.

[0039] 2. With the combined action of gneiss rock powder and sodium alginate, sodium alginate combines with calcium ions in the system to form a gel, which is quickly adsorbed onto the surface of gneiss rock powder and fills the layered structure, making the structure dense and compact.

[0040] 3. The interlayering of gneiss powder particles provides good barrier function, forming a rough surface layer that increases the flow resistance inside the concrete. This allows the gel structure to fill the micro-gaps and layered structures in the system more quickly, making the concrete system denser and preventing water from easily penetrating into it, thus resulting in higher compressive strength and impermeability. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0042] The raw materials used in the following preparation examples, embodiments and comparative examples are all commercially available products.

[0043] Preparation Example

[0044] Preparation Example 1

[0045] A modified gneiss powder is prepared by the following steps:

[0046] Step 01): Clean the ordinary gneiss stone powder to remove impurities.

[0047] Step 02): Solid-liquid separation: Soak the cleaned ordinary gneiss rock powder in an acid solution for 30 minutes.

[0048] The acid solution is 5% hydrochloric acid. The mass ratio of ordinary gneiss stone powder to the acid solution is 1:10.

[0049] Step 03): Take out the ordinary gneiss rock powder that has been soaked in Step 02), filter it dry, and obtain modified gneiss rock powder.

[0050] Ordinary gneiss stone powder was purchased from Shaanxi Ruidebaoer Company.

[0051] Preparation Example 2

[0052] A modified gneiss powder differs from preparation example 1 in that, in step 02), the soaking time is 15 min and the concentration of the acid solution is 8%.

[0053] Preparation Example 3

[0054] A modified gneiss rock powder differs from preparation example 1 in that: in step 02), the soaking time is 45 min, the concentration of the acid solution is 2%, and the mass ratio of ordinary gneiss rock powder to acid solution is 1:20.

[0055] Preparation Example 4

[0056] A modified gneiss powder differs from preparation example 1 in that, in step 02), the soaking time is 60 min.

[0057] Preparation Example 5

[0058] A modified gneiss powder differs from preparation example 1 in that, in step 02), the concentration of the acid solution is 12%.

[0059] Preparation Example 6

[0060] A modified mica powder differs from Preparation Example 1 in that ordinary gneiss powder is replaced with ordinary mica powder. The ordinary mica powder was purchased from Lingshou County Tuolin Mineral Products Processing Plant.

[0061] Example

[0062] Example 1

[0063] An impermeable concrete comprises the following raw materials: water, cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, gneiss powder, sodium alginate, ramie fiber, and water-reducing agent.

[0064] The cement is PO 42.5 silicate cement.

[0065] The coarse aggregate consists of crushed gravel with a diameter of 5-20 mm and a density of 2790 kg / m³. 3 .

[0066] The fine aggregate is manufactured sand with a fineness modulus of 2.46 and a density of 2790 kg / m³. 3 .

[0067] The gneiss rock powder is either ordinary gneiss rock powder or modified gneiss rock powder, with a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0068] Ordinary gneiss powder was purchased from Shaanxi Ruidebaoer Company; its specific surface area is 267 m². 2 / kg, density is 2750kg / m³ 3 .

[0069] The modified gneiss rock powder is the modified gneiss rock powder of Preparation Example 1.

[0070] The water-reducing agent is a high-efficiency polycarboxylate-based water-reducing agent.

[0071] For details on the specific usage of each raw material, please refer to Table 1.

[0072] This application also provides a method for constructing a V-shaped trough filter tank using concrete, comprising the following steps:

[0073] Step 1): Select the site according to the drawings and pour concrete vertical walls.

[0074] Step 2): Rebar tying. During the rebar tying process, the level instrument needs to track and measure each V-groove rebar to ensure that the starting points of the entire row of rebars are connected into a horizontal straight line, and the bending angles of the diagonal rebars are consistent, forming a flat slope.

[0075] Step 3): Erection and installation of inclined slab formwork support.

[0076] φ48 steel pipes are used as formwork supports, with a spacing of 0.6m between the steel pipes and a horizontal connecting rod every meter. The upper part is supported by adjustable top supports, and the bottom is equipped with reinforcing ribs.

[0077] When setting up the formwork, align the lower end of the fixed steel formwork with the pre-marked V-groove bottom line, and adjust the formwork angle locally according to the V-groove angle to make it conform to the pre-set angle.

[0078] Then, a pre-reserved pipe is horizontally installed at the bottom of the inclined plate template.

[0079] Specifically, φ50 PVC thin-walled pipes are used as reserved pipes. Holes are pre-drilled at the design positions of the cleaning holes corresponding to the inner and outer templates of the V-groove inclined plate, and iron nails are inserted into the pipes for about 8mm.

[0080] Step 4): Prepare impermeable concrete, including the following steps:

[0081] Step 4a): Mix cement, gneiss powder, and ramie fiber until homogeneous to obtain the initial mixture.

[0082] Step 4b): Mix the coarse aggregate and fine aggregate until uniform to obtain a mixture.

[0083] Step 4c): Mix the initial mixture with water and stir until homogeneous. Then add the mixture, sodium alginate, and water-reducing agent, and mix together until homogeneous to obtain the finished product.

[0084] Step 5): Pour the prepared impermeable concrete along the inclined slab formwork.

[0085] Step 6): After the concrete strength reaches the demolding condition, remove the inclined slab formwork. Take out the reserved pipe, and then embed the cleaning pipe at the reserved position.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] An impermeable concrete differs from Example 1 in that the mass ratio of modified gneiss stone powder to ordinary gneiss stone powder is 1:0.8, the amount of ordinary gneiss stone powder used is 13 kg, and the amount of modified gneiss stone powder used is 17 kg.

[0088] The modified gneiss rock powder is the modified gneiss rock powder of Preparation Example 2.

[0089] The specific amounts of each raw material vary, as detailed in Table 1.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] An impermeable concrete differs from Example 1 in that the mass ratio of modified gneiss stone powder to ordinary gneiss stone powder is 1:1.2, the amount of ordinary gneiss stone powder used is 38 kg, and the amount of modified gneiss stone powder used is 32 kg.

[0092] The modified gneiss rock powder is the modified gneiss rock powder of Preparation Example 3.

[0093] The specific amounts of each raw material vary, as detailed in Table 1.

[0094] Example 4

[0095] A type of impermeable concrete differs from Example 1 in that the mass ratio of gneiss powder, sodium alginate, and ramie fiber is 45:0.8:3.5.

[0096] That is, the amount of gneiss rock powder used is 45kg, the amount of sodium alginate used is 0.8kg, and the amount of ramie fiber used is 3.5kg.

[0097] The amount of ordinary gneiss stone powder used is 22.5 kg, and the amount of modified gneiss stone powder used is 22.5 kg.

[0098] Table 1

[0099]

[0100] Example 5

[0101] An impermeable concrete, which differs from Example 1 in that the modified gneiss stone powder is the same as that used in Preparation Example 4.

[0102] Example 6

[0103] An impermeable concrete, which differs from Example 1 in that the modified gneiss stone powder is the same as that used in Preparation Example 5.

[0104] Example 7

[0105] An impermeable concrete, which differs from Example 1 in that the gneiss stone powder is ordinary gneiss stone powder.

[0106] Example 8

[0107] A type of impermeable concrete differs from Example 1 in that the mass ratio of modified gneiss stone powder to ordinary gneiss stone powder is 1:2. The amount of ordinary gneiss stone powder used is 40 kg, and the amount of modified gneiss stone powder used is 20 kg.

[0108] Comparative Example

[0109] Comparative Example 1

[0110] An impermeable concrete, differing from Example 1 in that gneiss powder is replaced with mica powder. The mica powder is either ordinary mica powder or the modified mica powder of Preparation Example 6. The ordinary mica powder was purchased from Lingshou County Tuolin Mineral Products Processing Plant.

[0111] The usage of ordinary gneiss stone powder is 0 kg, and the usage of modified gneiss stone powder is 0 kg. The usage of ordinary mica powder is 30 kg, and the usage of modified mica powder is 30 kg.

[0112] Comparative Example 2

[0113] An impermeable concrete, differing from Example 1 in that sodium alginate is replaced with carboxymethyl cellulose. Specifically, the amount of sodium alginate used is 0 kg, and the amount of carboxymethyl cellulose used is 1.2 kg.

[0114] Comparative Example 3

[0115] A type of impermeable concrete differs from Example 1 in that ramie fiber is replaced with bamboo fiber. Specifically, the amount of ramie fiber used is 0 kg, and the amount of bamboo fiber used is 5 kg.

[0116] Comparative Example 4

[0117] An impermeable concrete differs from Example 1 in that the amount of gneiss powder used is 20 kg, the amount of sodium alginate used is 16.2 kg, and the amount of ramie fiber used is 30 kg.

[0118] The amount of ordinary gneiss stone powder used is 10 kg, and the amount of modified gneiss stone powder used is 10 kg.

[0119] Performance testing

[0120] 1. Compressive strength: The 28-day compressive strength of concrete in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was tested in accordance with GB / T50081-2019 "Standard for Test Methods of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete".

[0121] 2. Compressive strength after immersion in water: In accordance with GB / T50081-2019 "Standard for Test Methods of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete", standard specimens of concrete from Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were made, and then the standard specimens were placed in water at 60℃ for 30 days, and their compressive strength was tested.

[0122] 3. Water seepage resistance: The water seepage height of the concrete standard test blocks of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was tested according to the stepwise pressure method in GB / T50082-2009 "Standard for Test Methods of Long-term Performance and Durability of Ordinary Concrete".

[0123] 4. Porosity: The concrete of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was tested using the drainage method.

[0124] Specifically, the length, width, and height of the concrete specimen are measured using vernier calipers to determine the volume V1.

[0125] The volume of water in a container when it is full is measured using a graduated cylinder; this volume is V2.

[0126] Next, test the concrete drainage capacity by placing the concrete specimen in a container, adding water to the overflow threshold, and measuring the water volume V3 at this point.

[0127]

[0128] The test results of experiments 1-4 above are detailed in Table 2.

[0129] Table 2

[0130] Category Compressive strength (MPa) Compressive strength (MPa) after immersion in water Seepage height (mm) Porosity (%) Example 1 58.9 58.5 3.5 10.5 Example 2 55.0 54.1 5.9 13.8 Example 3 56.8 56.0 5.2 13.0 Example 4 58.0 57.5 4.0 11.0 Example 5 54.6 52.7 6.8 15.1 Example 6 53.4 51.2 7.5 16.2 Example 7 52.3 49.9 6.3 14.8 Example 8 52.9 51.4 5.7 13.6 Comparative Example 1 46.2 42.0 12.6 20.3 Comparative Example 2 47.0 43.1 11.0 19.1 Comparative Example 3 45.1 40.5 13.4 20.8 Comparative Example 4 47.5 43.8 10.2 17.9

[0131] Comparative Examples 1-3 are concretes prepared by arbitrarily replacing gneiss powder, sodium alginate, and ramie fiber with other raw materials, based on Example 1. According to the comparison of test data between Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 in Table 2, the compressive strength and compressive strength after immersion in water of the concrete in Comparative Examples 1-3 are far lower than those of Example 1, indicating that the concrete in Comparative Examples 1-3 has low strength and its strength decreases rapidly after long-term immersion in water. Furthermore, in the test of impermeability, the water seepage height of Comparative Examples 1-3 is also higher than that of Example 1, indicating that the concrete in Comparative Examples 1-3 has poor impermeability.

[0132] Comparative Example 4, based on Example 1, disrupted the specific combination of gneiss powder, sodium alginate, and ramie fiber in terms of dosage and ratio. While the resulting concrete showed slightly better compressive strength and post-water immersion compressive strength than Comparative Examples 1-3, it was still significantly inferior to that of Example 1. This demonstrates that not only is a combination of gneiss powder, sodium alginate, and ramie fiber necessary, but the dosage and ratio of these three components must also be carefully controlled; otherwise, a satisfactory combination cannot be achieved.

[0133] Example 5 used the modified gneiss stone powder from Example 4, extending the soaking time of ordinary gneiss stone powder during the modification process. This altered the structure of the modified gneiss stone powder, thus affecting its positive promoting effect on concrete strength and impermeability. The same conclusions can be drawn from the test data of Examples 1 and 5 in Table 2.

[0134] Example 6 used the modified gneiss stone powder from Example 5, increasing the concentration of the acid solution used to soak the ordinary gneiss stone powder. Comparing the test results of Examples 1 and 6 in Table 2, it can be seen that the concrete compressive strength and post-immersion compressive strength of Example 6 were lower than those of Example 1, while the water penetration height was higher, indicating that the concrete strength and impermeability of Example 6 were inferior to those of Example 1. Therefore, it is necessary to further limit the concentration of the acid solution when modifying the ordinary gneiss stone powder to achieve a more complete synergistic effect between the modified gneiss stone powder, ordinary gneiss stone powder, ramie fiber, and sodium alginate.

[0135] Examples 7 and 8 are based on Example 1, but with changes in the selection and proportion of gneiss stone powder. According to the comparison of test data between Example 1 and Examples 7 and 8 in Table 2, the concrete of Examples 7 and 8 shows varying degrees of decrease in strength and impermeability compared to Example 1. This indicates that further selection of specific modified gneiss stone powder in combination with ordinary gneiss stone powder can effectively improve the performance of concrete.

[0136] Using the concrete provided in this application to prepare the inclined plate of the V-groove effectively improves the strength, water-immersion strength and impermeability of the inclined plate without changing the thickness of the inclined plate, effectively extends the service life of the inclined plate, and also makes the V-groove have a more precise and better filtration effect.

[0137] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A permeability resistant concrete, characterized in that, According to mass parts, the following raw materials are included: 140-150 parts of water, 360-370 parts of cement, 1200-1300 parts of coarse aggregate, 600-650 parts of fine aggregate, 30-70 parts of gneiss powder, 0.3-1.5 parts of sodium alginate, 2-6 parts of ramie fiber, and 1-5 parts of water reducing agent; The gneiss powder is one or more of modified gneiss powder and ordinary gneiss powder; The preparation method of the modified gneiss powder includes the following steps: soaking the ordinary gneiss powder in an acid solution for 15-45 min, and then filtering and drying to obtain the modified gneiss powder; The acid solution is one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid; The acid solution is hydrochloric acid, and the concentration is 2%-8%.

2. The anti-infiltration concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the gneiss powder, sodium alginate, and ramie fiber is (45-60):(0.8-1.2):(3.5-5.0).

3. The anti-infiltration concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gneiss powder is modified gneiss powder and ordinary gneiss powder, and the mass ratio of the modified gneiss powder to the ordinary gneiss powder is 1:(0.8-1.2), based on the mass of the modified gneiss powder.

4. A construction method of a filter tank V-shaped groove using the anti-seepage concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Pouring the concrete vertical wall; Reinforcement lashing; Inclined plate formwork support erection and installation, and horizontal setting of the reserved pipe at the bottom of the inclined plate formwork; Preparation of the impermeable concrete, and then pouring the concrete along the inclined plate formwork; Dismantling the inclined plate formwork, taking out the reserved pipe, and burying the flushing pipe at the reserved position.

5. The filter tank V-shaped groove construction method using concrete according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of the impermeable concrete includes the following steps: Mixing the cement, gneiss powder, and ramie fiber uniformly to obtain the initial mixture; Mixing the coarse aggregate and fine aggregate to obtain the mixed material; Mixing the initial mixture and water, and then adding the mixed material, sodium alginate, and water reducing agent to mix uniformly to obtain the finished product.

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