An impeller and high-speed centrifugal pump structure that effectively improves anti-cavitation performance

Abstract

The present invention discloses an impeller and a high-speed centrifugal pump structure that effectively improves anti-cavitation performance, and relates to the technical field of centrifugal pumps. In the present invention, a pressure compensation mechanism is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the impeller rim, and the pressure compensation mechanism is fixedly connected to the impeller rim, the impeller assembly is coaxially arranged inside the impeller rim, the main blade array is arranged on the circumference of the hub and the two are fixedly connected, the inlet edge of the main blade extends to the impeller inlet edge corresponding to the impeller inlet, the outlet edge of the main blade is flush with the impeller outlet edge corresponding to the impeller outlet, and the leading edge of the forward-extending auxiliary blade extends to the impeller inlet. By setting a first jet port and a second jet port corresponding to the position of the forward-extending auxiliary blade, and by the specific structural design of the jet assembly, the centrifugal pump can achieve pressure compensation in the low-pressure area of ​​the forward-extending auxiliary blade regardless of whether it is for small or large flow rate liquid transportation, and can effectively avoid the generation of cavitation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of centrifugal pumps, and in particular relates to an impeller and a high-speed centrifugal pump structure which can effectively improve anti-cavitation performance. Background Art

[0002] As an important fluid conveying equipment, high-speed centrifugal pumps play a vital role in many fields such as energy, national defense, nuclear power, etc., and with the development of science and technology, the application field of pumps is still expanding. However, there has always been a century-old problem in the pump industry that has inhibited its development, that is, cavitation and cavitation in the pump, that is, the phenomenon of cavitation, cavitation or gas-liquid mixing at the impeller inlet of the pump. This will lead to a decrease in pump efficiency, increase in noise, intensified vibration, and may even cause pump failure and damage. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the impact of cavitation in centrifugal pumps and solutions.

[0003] Domestic and foreign researchers have done a lot of research on how to improve the cavitation performance of the pump, and proposed to apply an inducer device at the impeller inlet. Through the rotation of the inducer, work can be done on the fluid, thereby increasing the pressure and flow rate of the fluid, and ultimately inhibiting the generation and development of cavitation at the impeller inlet. However, after the inducer is applied, the entire pump structure becomes complicated. In addition, there is a gap leakage between the inducer and the wall, which will cause the flow field to become more turbulent, affecting the energy performance of the pump. Moreover, the matching characteristics of the inducer and the impeller are difficult to master. A poorly designed inducer cannot significantly improve the anti-cavitation performance of the pump. To this end, we provide an impeller and a high-speed centrifugal pump structure that effectively improves the anti-cavitation performance to solve the technical problems of centrifugal pump cavitation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an impeller and a high-speed centrifugal pump structure that effectively improves the anti-cavitation performance, and solves the problems in the above-mentioned background technology through the specific structural design of the impeller mounting assembly, the pressure compensation mechanism and the impeller assembly.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention is an impeller that effectively improves anti-cavitation performance, comprising an impeller mounting assembly, wherein the impeller mounting assembly comprises an impeller rim, wherein an impeller inlet is arranged at the front end of the impeller rim, and an impeller outlet is arranged at the rear end of the impeller rim; a pressure compensation mechanism, wherein the pressure compensation mechanism is coaxially arranged at the outside of the impeller rim, and the pressure compensation mechanism is fixedly connected to the impeller rim; and a blade assembly, wherein the blade assembly is coaxially arranged inside the impeller rim, and the blade assembly is rotationally matched with the impeller rim.

[0007] Wherein, the impeller assembly includes main blades, the main blade array is arranged on the circumferential side of the hub and the two are fixedly connected, the inlet edge of the main blade extends to the impeller inlet edge corresponding to the impeller inlet, and the outlet edge of the main blade is flush with the impeller outlet edge corresponding to the impeller outlet; and forward extending auxiliary blades, the forward extending auxiliary blade array is arranged on the circumferential side of the hub and the two are fixedly connected, the leading edge of the forward extending auxiliary blade extends to the impeller inlet, and the forward extending auxiliary blades are arranged one-to-one with the main blades.

[0008] The length of the forward-extending auxiliary blade is 10%-20% of the total length of the corresponding main blade and the forward-extending auxiliary blade. The rotation angle of the extended part of the forward-extending auxiliary blade is 360 / 8n-360 / 4n, which is used to guide the working surface fluid to the back side to suppress cavitation. The angle between the inlet edge and the outlet edge of the main blade is 250°-500°.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the impeller mounting assembly also includes an impeller front cover plate, which is coaxially fixedly arranged at the rear end of the impeller rim; an impeller rear cover plate, which is coaxially arranged with the impeller front cover plate and is arranged on a side of the impeller front cover plate away from the impeller rim; and a return port, which is circumferentially arranged on the surface of the impeller front cover plate and is arranged one-to-one with the main blades, and the return port is used to transport the fluid at the impeller outlet toward the impeller inlet.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the impeller mounting assembly also includes an annular focusing pipe, which is coaxially arranged on one side of the impeller front cover plate close to the impeller rim; a return branch pipe, which is fixedly arranged between the impeller front cover plate and the annular focusing pipe, and the return branch pipe is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the return port, one end of the return branch pipe is connected to the annular focusing pipe, and the other end of the return branch pipe is connected to the corresponding return port; a first jet port, which is evenly arranged on the peripheral side surface of the impeller rim, and the first jet port is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the forward auxiliary blade, and the first jet port is aligned with the suction surface of the corresponding forward auxiliary blade; and a second jet port, which is evenly arranged on the peripheral side surface of the impeller rim, and the second jet port is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the forward auxiliary blade, and the second jet port is aligned with the pressure surface of the corresponding forward auxiliary blade.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the pressure compensation mechanism includes a jet switching assembly controlled by buoyancy; wherein the jet switching assembly includes a buoyancy control disk, which is coaxially fixed to the front end of the impeller rim; a fluid inlet chamber, which is arranged near the bottom position inside the buoyancy control disk, and the side wall of the buoyancy control disk away from the impeller front cover plate is provided with a plurality of fluid inlets connected to the fluid inlet chamber; and a buoyancy control chamber, which is arranged near the top position inside the buoyancy control disk, and the buoyancy control chamber is connected to the fluid inlet chamber through an arc-shaped guide chamber.

[0012] The present invention is further configured that the side wall of the buoyancy control disk close to the impeller front cover plate is provided with a first connecting hole, a second connecting hole and a third connecting hole, and the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole and the third connecting hole are all connected to the buoyancy control chamber; a buoyancy shielding member is slidably provided inside the buoyancy control chamber, and when the buoyancy shielding member moves up to fit against the top of the buoyancy control chamber, the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are in a closed state, and the third connecting hole is in an open state; when the buoyancy shielding member moves down to fit against the bottom of the buoyancy control chamber, the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are in an open state, and the third connecting hole is in a closed state.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the pressure compensation mechanism also includes a jet component coaxially fixedly arranged on the outside of the impeller rim; wherein the jet component includes a jet ring body, which is coaxially fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the impeller rim; a first jet chamber, which is coaxially arranged on a side of the jet ring body away from the buoyancy control disk; and a second jet chamber, which is coaxially arranged on a side of the jet ring body close to the buoyancy control disk.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: a plurality of first jet tubes are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the jet ring body, one end of the first jet tube is connected to the first jet cavity, and the other end of the first jet tube is gap-fitted inside the corresponding first jet port; and second jet tubes corresponding to the first jet tubes are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the jet ring body, one end of the second jet tube is connected to the second jet cavity, and the other end of the second jet tube is gap-fitted inside the corresponding second jet port.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that the jet assembly further includes a first jet connecting tube, a second jet connecting tube and a third jet connecting tube; wherein, one end of the first jet connecting tube is connected to the first jet connecting hole, and the other end of the first jet connecting tube is connected to the annular focusing tube; one end of the second jet connecting tube is connected to the second jet connecting hole, and the other end of the second jet connecting tube is connected to the first jet cavity; one end of the third jet connecting tube is connected to the third jet connecting hole, and the other end of the third jet connecting tube is connected to the second jet cavity.

[0016] A high-speed centrifugal pump structure based on an impeller with effectively improved anti-cavitation performance comprises a centrifugal pump body, a balance pipe is connected between the pump inlet and the pump outlet of the centrifugal pump body, the balance pipe is used to balance the axial force of the centrifugal pump body, and the balance pipe outlet extends to the impeller inlet and is bent 90° in the opposite direction of the impeller inlet.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention plays the role of an inducer through the forward-extending auxiliary blades, which can do work on the fluid and increase the pressure of the fluid, thereby inhibiting the occurrence of cavitation and improving the anti-cavitation performance of the pump. In order to reduce the impact of the liquid at the balance pipe outlet on the liquid at the impeller inlet, the balance pipe outlet part is extended to the middle position of the impeller inlet and bent 90° in the opposite direction of the impeller inlet to reduce the impact on the liquid at the impeller inlet. After adopting this structure, the impeller has higher anti-cavitation performance. Compared with the traditional inducer, the present invention has a simpler structure and is easy to implement, and has good engineering application prospects.

[0019] 2. The present invention arranges the first jet port and the second jet port corresponding to the position of the forward auxiliary blade on the impeller rim, and through the specific structural design of the jet component, the centrifugal pump can achieve pressure compensation in the low-pressure area of ​​the forward auxiliary blade regardless of whether it is a small flow or a large flow of liquid transportation, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of cavitation. At the same time, the combined effect of the forward auxiliary blade and the balance pipe greatly improves the anti-cavitation performance of the centrifugal pump.

[0020] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of a high-speed centrifugal pump structure based on an impeller that effectively improves anti-cavitation performance in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the impeller that effectively improves the anti-cavitation performance in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A longitudinal structural cross-sectional view.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of part of the structure.

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure from another angle.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pressure compensation mechanism in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of part of the structure.

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Side view of the structure.

[0030] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 Rear view of the structure.

[0031] Fig.10 for Figure 8 A longitudinal structural cross-sectional view.

[0032] Fig.11 It is a structural front view of the impeller assembly in the present invention.

[0033] Fig.12 It is a front view of the impeller blades of the impeller assembly of the present invention after being staggered.

[0034] Fig.13 It is a front elevation view of the staggered impeller blades of the impeller assembly of the present invention.

[0035] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0036] 1-impeller mounting assembly, 11-impeller rim, 12-impeller inlet, 13-impeller outlet, 14-impeller front cover, 15-impeller rear cover, 16-return port, 17-annular focusing pipe, 18-return branch pipe, 19-first jet port, 110-second jet port, 2-pressure compensation mechanism, 21-jet switching assembly, 211-buoyancy control disk, 212-fluid inlet cavity, 213-fluid inlet, 214-buoyancy control cavity, 215-arc guide cavity, 22 - buoyancy shielding member, 23- jet assembly, 231- jet ring body, 232- first jet cavity, 233- second jet cavity, 234- first jet tube, 235- second jet tube, 236- first jet connecting tube, 237- second jet connecting tube, 238- third jet connecting tube, 3- impeller assembly, 31- main blade, 32- inlet edge, 33- impeller inlet edge, 34- impeller outlet edge, 35- forward extending auxiliary blade, 4- centrifugal pump body, 401- balance pipe, 402- pump inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific embodiment 1

[0039] See also Figure 1-13 The present invention is an impeller that effectively improves anti-cavitation performance, comprising an impeller mounting assembly 1, a pressure compensation mechanism 2 and a blade assembly 3; the impeller mounting assembly 1 comprises an impeller rim 11, an impeller inlet 12 is arranged at the front end of the impeller rim 11, and an impeller outlet 13 is arranged at the rear end of the impeller rim 11; the pressure compensation mechanism 2 is coaxially arranged on the outside of the impeller rim 11, and the pressure compensation mechanism 2 and the impeller rim 11 are fixedly connected; the blade assembly 3 is coaxially arranged inside the impeller rim 11, and the blade assembly 3 and the impeller rim 11 are rotationally matched;

[0040] Among them, the impeller assembly 3 includes main blades 31 and forward-extending auxiliary blades 35; the main blades 31 are arranged in an array on the circumferential side of the hub and the two are fixedly connected, the inlet edge 32 of the main blades 31 extends to the impeller inlet edge 33 corresponding to the impeller inlet 12, and the outlet edge of the main blade 31 is flush with the impeller outlet edge 34 corresponding to the impeller outlet 13. The impeller in this embodiment is a closed impeller.

[0041] The forward auxiliary blades 35 are arranged in an array on the circumference of the hub and the two are fixedly connected. The leading edge of the forward auxiliary blades 35 (specifically, the inlet edge 36 of the forward auxiliary blades 35) extends to the position close to the impeller inlet 12 (so that the forward auxiliary blades 35 have the ability to increase the fluid pressure at the inlet, which is similar to the traditional inducer). The forward auxiliary blades 35 are arranged one by one with the main blades 31;

[0042] The length of the forward-extending auxiliary blade 35 is 10%-20% of the total length of the corresponding main blade 31 and the forward-extending auxiliary blade 35. The rotation angle of the extended part of the forward-extending auxiliary blade 35 is 360 / 8n-360 / 4n (n is the number of impeller blades), which is used to guide the working surface fluid to the back side to suppress the generation of cavitation at the impeller inlet 12. The angle between the inlet edge 32 and the outlet edge 34 of the main blade 31 is 250°-500°.

[0043] In this embodiment of the present invention, the impeller mounting assembly 1 also includes an impeller front cover plate 14, an impeller rear cover plate 15 and a return port 16; the impeller front cover plate 14 is coaxially fixedly arranged at the rear end of the impeller rim 11; the impeller rear cover plate 15 is coaxially arranged with the impeller front cover plate 14, and the impeller rear cover plate 15 is arranged on the side of the impeller front cover plate 14 away from the impeller rim 11; the return port 16 is circumferentially arranged on the surface of the impeller front cover plate 14, and the return port 16 is arranged one by one with the main blades 31, and the return port 16 is used to transport the fluid at the impeller outlet 13 toward the impeller inlet 12. Specific embodiment 2

[0045] On the basis of the specific embodiment 1, the impeller mounting assembly 1 further includes an annular focusing pipe 17, a return branch pipe 18, a first jet port 19 and a second jet port 110; the annular focusing pipe 17 is coaxially arranged on one side of the impeller front cover plate 14 close to the impeller rim 11; the return branch pipe 18 is fixedly arranged between the impeller front cover plate 14 and the annular focusing pipe 17, and the return branch pipe 18 is arranged one-to-one with the return port 16, one end of the return branch pipe 18 is connected to the annular focusing pipe 17, and the other end of the return branch pipe 18 is connected to the corresponding return port 16;

[0046] The first jet openings 19 are evenly arranged on the side surfaces of the impeller rim 11, and the first jet openings 19 are arranged one-to-one with the forward auxiliary blades 35, and the first jet openings 19 are aligned with the suction surfaces of the corresponding forward auxiliary blades 35; the second jet openings 110 are evenly arranged on the side surfaces of the impeller rim 11, and the second jet openings 110 are arranged one-to-one with the forward auxiliary blades 35, and the second jet openings 110 are aligned with the pressure surfaces of the corresponding forward auxiliary blades 35.

[0047] When the centrifugal pump is running at a low flow rate, the inlet of the forward auxiliary blade 35 generates a positive angle of attack, and the fluid impacts the pressure surface of the forward auxiliary blade 35, causing the pressure on the suction surface of the forward auxiliary blade 35 to decrease, resulting in flow separation. When the pressure in the low-pressure area of ​​the suction surface of the forward auxiliary blade 35 decreases to the vaporization pressure of the medium, cavitation will occur. Under low flow conditions, due to the small flow rate in the impeller inlet 12, the high-pressure fluid is ejected from the first jet port 19 and impacts the suction surface of the forward auxiliary blade 35, thereby achieving low-pressure compensation on the suction surface of the forward auxiliary blade 35, so that the pressure in the low-pressure area is increased to above the vaporization pressure of the liquid, thereby eliminating the cavitation on the suction surface of the forward auxiliary blade 35.

[0048] When the centrifugal pump is running at a high flow rate, a negative angle of attack is generated at the inlet of the forward auxiliary blade 35, and the fluid impacts the suction surface of the forward auxiliary blade 35, causing the pressure on the pressure surface of the forward auxiliary blade 35 to decrease, resulting in flow separation. When the pressure on the pressure surface of the forward auxiliary blade 35 decreases to the vaporization pressure of the medium, cavitation will occur. Under high flow conditions, due to the large flow rate in the impeller inlet 12, the high-pressure fluid is ejected from the second jet port 110 and impacts the pressure surface of the forward auxiliary blade 35, thereby achieving low-pressure compensation on the pressure surface of the forward auxiliary blade 35, raising its pressure to above the vaporization pressure of the liquid, thereby relieving the cavitation on the pressure surface of the forward auxiliary blade 35.

[0049] In this embodiment of the present invention, the pressure compensation mechanism 2 includes a jet switching assembly 21 controlled by buoyancy; wherein the jet switching assembly 21 includes a buoyancy control disk 211, a fluid inlet cavity 212, and a buoyancy control cavity 214; the buoyancy control disk 211 is coaxially fixedly arranged at the front end of the impeller rim 11;

[0050] The fluid inlet chamber 212 is arranged near the bottom of the buoyancy control disk 211, and the side wall of the buoyancy control disk 211 away from the impeller front cover plate 14 is provided with a plurality of fluid inlets 213 connected with the fluid inlet chamber 212; the buoyancy control chamber 214 is arranged near the top of the buoyancy control disk 211, and the buoyancy control chamber 214 is connected with the fluid inlet chamber 212 through an arc-shaped guide chamber 215; during the operation of the centrifugal pump, the fluid can enter the fluid inlet chamber 212 through the fluid inlet 213, and when fluid accumulates in the buoyancy control chamber 214, the buoyancy shielding member 22 can be moved up and down.

[0051] In this embodiment of the present invention, the side wall of the buoyancy control disk 211 close to the impeller front cover plate 14 is provided with a first connecting hole, a second connecting hole and a third connecting hole, and the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole and the third connecting hole are all connected to the buoyancy control chamber 214; a buoyancy shielding member 22 is slidably provided inside the buoyancy control chamber 214, and when the buoyancy shielding member 22 moves up to fit on the top of the buoyancy control chamber 214, the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are in a closed state, and the third connecting hole is in an open state; when the buoyancy shielding member 22 moves down to fit on the bottom of the buoyancy control chamber 214, the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are in an open state, and the third connecting hole is in a closed state.

[0052] In this embodiment of the present invention, the pressure compensation mechanism 2 also includes a jet component 23 coaxially fixedly arranged on the outside of the impeller rim 11; wherein the jet component 23 includes a jet ring body 231, a first jet chamber 232 and a second jet chamber 233; the jet ring body 231 is coaxially fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the impeller rim 11; the first jet chamber 232 is coaxially arranged on a side of the jet ring body 231 away from the buoyancy control disk 211; the second jet chamber 233 is coaxially arranged on a side of the jet ring body 231 close to the buoyancy control disk 211.

[0053] A plurality of first jet tubes 234 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the jet ring body 231, one end of the first jet tube 234 is connected with the first jet cavity 232, and the other end of the first jet tube 234 is gap-fitted in the corresponding first jet port 19; a plurality of second jet tubes 235 corresponding to the first jet tubes 234 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the jet ring body 231, one end of the second jet tube 235 is connected with the second jet cavity 233, and the other end of the second jet tube 235 is gap-fitted in the corresponding second jet port 110.

[0054] In this embodiment of the present invention, the jet assembly 23 also includes a first jet connection tube 236, a second jet connection tube 237 and a third jet connection tube 238; wherein, one end of the first jet connection tube 236 is connected to the first jet connection hole, and the other end of the first jet connection tube 236 is connected to the annular focusing tube 17; one end of the second jet connection tube 237 is connected to the second jet connection hole, and the other end of the second jet connection tube 237 is connected to the first jet cavity 232; one end of the third jet connection tube 238 is connected to the third jet connection hole, and the other end of the third jet connection tube 238 is connected to the second jet cavity 233.

[0055] When the centrifugal pump operates under low flow conditions, the fluid enters the fluid inlet chamber 212 along the fluid inlet 213 and flows upward along the arc-shaped guide chamber 215. The liquid level inside the entire buoyancy control disk 211 is at a low level. At this time, the buoyancy shielding member 22 covers the third jet hole, while the first jet hole and the second jet hole are in an open state. The fluid at the impeller outlet 13 flows into the first jet tube 236 along the return port 16, and then flows into the buoyancy control chamber 214 from the first jet tube 236, and flows into the first jet chamber 232 from the second jet tube 237. Finally, the refluxed liquid is ejected from the first jet tube 234 at high pressure to the suction surface of the forward extending auxiliary blade 35.

[0056] When the centrifugal pump is operating at a high flow rate, the fluid enters the fluid inlet chamber 212 along the fluid inlet 213, and flows upward along the arc-shaped guide chamber 215 to the buoyancy control chamber 214. The liquid level inside the entire buoyancy control disk 211 is at a high level. At this time, the buoyancy shielding member 22 fits on the top of the buoyancy control chamber 214 to cover the first jet hole and the second jet hole, while the third jet hole is in an open state. The liquid inside the buoyancy control disk 211 flows into the second jet chamber 233 along the third jet tube 238, and finally the liquid is ejected from the second jet tube 235 at high pressure to the pressure surface of the forward extending auxiliary blade 35. Specific embodiment three

[0058] A high-speed centrifugal pump structure based on an impeller with effectively improved anti-cavitation performance includes a centrifugal pump body 4, a balance pipe 401 is connected between a pump inlet 402 and a pump outlet of the centrifugal pump body 4, and the balance pipe 401 is used to balance the axial force of the centrifugal pump body 4. The outlet of the balance pipe 401 extends to the impeller inlet 12 and is bent 90° in the opposite direction of the impeller inlet 12.

[0059] In the mechanical structure inside the pump, a balance pipe 401 is often used to offset the axial thrust in order to balance the axial thrust of the water pump, reduce the axial movement of the rotor, and avoid friction between the impeller and the casing. In this embodiment, the outlet of the balance pipe 401 is extended to the impeller inlet 12 and bent 90° in the opposite direction of the impeller inlet 12 to reduce the impact on the inlet fluid, thereby further reducing the influence of the inlet flow distortion on cavitation. The present application eliminates the traditional inducer and balance hole structure, and the cavitation performance of the pump can be effectively improved by the special arrangement of the blade extension and the balance pipe 401.

[0060] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0061] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An impeller that effectively improves anti-cavitation performance, It is characterized in that include: An impeller mounting assembly, the impeller mounting assembly comprising an impeller rim and an impeller front cover plate, the front end of the impeller rim being provided with an impeller inlet, the rear end of the impeller rim being provided with an impeller outlet, and the impeller front cover plate being coaxially fixedly arranged at the rear end of the impeller rim; A pressure compensation mechanism, wherein the pressure compensation mechanism is coaxially arranged outside the impeller rim, and the pressure compensation mechanism is fixedly connected to the impeller rim; as well as A blade assembly, wherein the blade assembly is coaxially disposed inside the impeller rim, and the blade assembly and the impeller rim are rotationally matched; Wherein, the blade assembly comprises: Main blades, wherein the main blade array is arranged on the circumference of the hub and the two are fixedly connected, the inlet edge of the main blade extends to the impeller inlet edge close to the impeller inlet corresponding to the impeller inlet, and the outlet edge of the main blade is flush with the impeller outlet edge corresponding to the impeller outlet; and Forward-extending auxiliary blades, wherein the forward-extending auxiliary blade array is arranged on the circumferential side of the hub and the two are fixedly connected, the leading edge of the forward-extending auxiliary blade extends to close to the impeller inlet, and the forward-extending auxiliary blades are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the main blades; The length of the forward-extending auxiliary blade is 10%-20% of the total length of the corresponding main blade and the forward-extending auxiliary blade, the rotation angle of the extended portion of the forward-extending auxiliary blade is 360 / 8n-360 / 4n, which is used to guide the fluid on the working surface to the back to suppress cavitation, where n represents the number of blades, and the angle between the inlet edge and the outlet edge of the main blade is 250°-500°; The pressure compensation mechanism includes a jet switching assembly controlled by buoyancy; wherein the jet switching assembly includes a buoyancy control disk and a buoyancy control chamber; The side wall of the buoyancy control disk close to the impeller front cover is provided with a first connecting hole, a second connecting hole and a third connecting hole, and the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole and the third connecting hole are all connected to the buoyancy control chamber; A buoyancy shielding piece is slidably provided inside the buoyancy control chamber. When the buoyancy shielding piece moves up to fit against the top of the buoyancy control chamber, the first and second shooting holes are in a closed state, and the third shooting hole is in an open state; when the buoyancy shielding piece moves down to fit against the bottom of the buoyancy control chamber, the first and second shooting holes are in an open state, and the third shooting hole is in a closed state.

2. An impeller having an effectively improved anti-cavitation performance according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The impeller mounting assembly further comprises: An impeller rear cover plate, wherein the impeller rear cover plate is coaxially arranged with the impeller front cover plate, and the impeller rear cover plate is arranged on a side of the impeller front cover plate away from the impeller rim; and A return port is annularly arranged on the surface of the impeller front cover plate, and the return port is arranged one-to-one with the main blades. The return port is used to transport the fluid at the impeller outlet toward the impeller inlet.

3. An impeller having an effectively improved anti-cavitation performance according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The impeller mounting assembly further comprises: An annular flow collecting pipe, which is coaxially arranged on one side of the impeller front cover plate close to the impeller rim; A reflux branch pipe, wherein the reflux branch pipe is fixedly arranged between the impeller front cover plate and the annular focusing pipe, and the reflux branch pipe is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the reflux port, one end of the reflux branch pipe is connected to the annular focusing pipe, and the other end of the reflux branch pipe is connected to the corresponding reflux port; first jet ports, the first jet ports being evenly arranged on the circumferential side of the impeller rim, and the first jet ports being arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the forward-extending auxiliary blades, and the first jet ports being aligned with the suction surfaces of the corresponding forward-extending auxiliary blades; and The second jet openings are evenly arranged on the peripheral side of the impeller rim, and the second jet openings are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the forward-extending auxiliary blades, and the second jet openings are aligned with the pressure surfaces of the corresponding forward-extending auxiliary blades.

4. An impeller having effectively improved anti-cavitation performance according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The jet switching assembly also includes a fluid inlet cavity; the buoyancy control disk is coaxially fixedly arranged at the front end of the impeller rim; the fluid inlet cavity is arranged near the bottom position inside the buoyancy control disk, and the side wall of the buoyancy control disk away from the impeller front cover plate is provided with a plurality of fluid inlets connected to the fluid inlet cavity; and the buoyancy control cavity is arranged near the top position inside the buoyancy control disk, and the buoyancy control cavity is connected to the fluid inlet cavity through an arc-shaped guide cavity.

5. An impeller having effectively improved anti-cavitation performance according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The pressure compensation mechanism further comprises a jet assembly coaxially fixedly arranged outside the impeller rim; wherein the jet assembly comprises: A jet ring body, the jet ring body is coaxially fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the impeller rim; A first jet cavity, the first jet cavity is coaxially arranged inside the jet ring body on a side away from the buoyancy control disk; and The second jet cavity is coaxially arranged inside the jet ring body on one side close to the buoyancy control disk.

6. An impeller having effectively improved anti-cavitation performance according to claim 5, It is characterized in that A plurality of first jet tubes are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the jet ring body, one end of the first jet tube is connected to the first jet cavity, and the other end of the first jet tube is gap-fitted inside the corresponding first jet port; A second jet tube corresponding to the first jet tube is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the jet ring body, one end of the second jet tube is connected to the second jet cavity, and the other end of the second jet tube is gap-fitted inside the corresponding second jet port.

7. An impeller having effectively improved anti-cavitation performance according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The jet assembly also includes a first jet connection tube, a second jet connection tube and a third jet connection tube; wherein, One end of the first shooting tube is connected to the first shooting hole, and the other end of the first shooting tube is connected to the annular focusing tube; one end of the second shooting tube is connected to the second shooting hole, and the other end of the second shooting tube is connected to the first jet cavity; one end of the third shooting tube is connected to the third shooting hole, and the other end of the third shooting tube is connected to the second jet cavity.

8. A high-speed centrifugal pump structure based on an impeller having an effectively improved anti-cavitation performance as claimed in claim 7, It is characterized in that It comprises a centrifugal pump body, wherein a balance pipe is connected between the pump inlet and the pump outlet of the centrifugal pump body, the balance pipe is used to balance the axial force of the centrifugal pump body, the balance pipe outlet extends to the impeller inlet and is bent 90° in the opposite direction of the impeller inlet.

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