A method for improving resistance of a crop to verticillium wilt

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of crop disease prevention or crop cultivation technology, and particularly relates to a method for improving the resistance of crops to verticillium wilt. It is found for the first time that glutamic acid can effectively improve the resistance of crops to verticillium wilt and can improve the yield of crops. By applying a glutamic acid solution with the concentration described in the present application to cotton seedlings, the resistance of cotton to verticillium wilt can be improved, the incidence of cotton verticillium wilt can be reduced, and the yield of cotton can be improved. Meanwhile, the method described in the present application is simple to operate, has a quick effect, has no negative impact on human health and the environment, and has great significance for the safe production of cotton.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of crop disease prevention and control or crop cultivation technology, specifically relating to a method for improving crop resistance to Verticillium wilt. Background Technology

[0002] Cotton is one of the world's most important economic crops, but its yield and quality are severely affected by pathogens. Verticillium wilt, a disease caused by the soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae, infects the plant's roots and spreads upwards through the xylem, causing the leaves to wilt, turn yellow, and necrose, eventually leading to complete leaf drop and plant death. The proportion of cotton diseases caused by Verticillium wilt is gradually increasing each year, seriously affecting the safe production of cotton.

[0003] Currently, the most commonly used method for controlling Verticillium wilt in production is chemical fungicide, but this method has had a great negative impact on human health and the environment. Therefore, developing eco-friendly Verticillium wilt control strategies, such as improving the plant's disease resistance, is an urgent issue to be addressed.

[0004] Studies have shown that amino acids and their metabolites affect the plant immune system. Glutamic acid, a common amino acid in plants, plays an important role in amino acid metabolism and coordinates key metabolic functions. Research on improving crop disease resistance has shown that salicylic acid and betaine, as inducers, can effectively improve resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton, rice blast, and bacterial wilt in cassava. However, research on the effect of glutamate on resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton has not been reported. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to apply glutamic acid to improving crop resistance to Verticillium wilt and / or increasing crop yield. The glutamic acid can effectively improve crop resistance to Verticillium wilt and at the same time increase crop yield.

[0006] This invention provides the application of glutamic acid in improving crop resistance to Verticillium wilt and / or increasing crop yield.

[0007] Preferably, the glutamic acid is used in the form of a glutamic acid solution with a concentration of 5-10 mM.

[0008] Preferably, the crop includes cotton.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for improving cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt and / or increasing cotton yield, comprising:

[0010] Apply a 5-10 mM glutamic acid solution to cotton seedlings.

[0011] Preferably, the concentration of the glutamic acid solution is 10 mM.

[0012] Preferably, the cotton seedlings include cotton seedlings at the two-leaf-one-heart stage and / or bud stage.

[0013] Preferably, the application method includes foliar spraying or root irrigation.

[0014] Preferably, the dosage is 50 mL to 1 L per plant.

[0015] The present invention also provides the application of the method described in the above technical solution in cotton cultivation.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention provides the application of glutamic acid in improving crop resistance to Verticillium wilt and / or increasing crop yield. This invention is the first to discover that glutamic acid can effectively improve crop resistance to Verticillium wilt while simultaneously increasing crop yield.

[0018] Specifically, this invention also provides a method for improving cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt and / or increasing cotton yield, comprising: applying a 5-10 mM glutamic acid solution to cotton seedlings. By applying the glutamic acid solution of the concentration described in this invention to cotton seedlings, the resistance of cotton to Verticillium wilt can be improved, the incidence of cotton Verticillium wilt can be reduced, and the effect of increasing cotton yield can be achieved. At the same time, the method described in this invention is simple to operate, has rapid effects, and has no negative impact on human health and the environment, which is of great significance to the safe production of cotton. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0020] Figure 1 The results show the phenotypic characteristics of cotton 'Junmian No. 1' after different glutamic acid treatments in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 2 The results show the phenotypic characteristics of cotton treated with different concentrations of glutamic acid in Example 2.

[0022] Figure 3 The results of the phenotypic characteristics of cotton 1 after glutamic acid and Verticillium wilt induction treatment in Example 3;

[0023] Figure 4 The results of the phenotypic effects of cotton induced by glutamic acid and Verticillium wilt in Xinluzao 7 in Example 4;

[0024] Figure 5 The results show the phenotypic effects of the Sea Island cotton 7124 after glutamic acid and Verticillium wilt induction treatment in Example 4. Detailed Implementation

[0025] This invention provides the application of glutamic acid in improving crop resistance to Verticillium wilt and / or increasing crop yield, more preferably in improving crop resistance to Verticillium wilt and increasing crop yield. The glutamic acid used in this invention is preferably used in the form of a glutamic acid solution, the concentration of which is preferably 5-10 mM, more preferably 10 mM; the solvent of the glutamic acid solution is preferably water. The crop used in this invention preferably includes cotton.

[0026] Specifically, this invention also provides a method for improving cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt and / or increasing cotton yield, comprising: applying a 5-10 mM glutamic acid solution to cotton seedlings. The concentration of the glutamic acid solution is preferably 10 mM; the solvent of the glutamic acid solution is preferably water. The cotton seedlings used in this invention preferably include cotton seedlings at the two-leaf-one-heart stage and / or bud stage, more preferably at the two-leaf-one-heart stage or bud stage, and even more preferably at the bud stage; the bud stage is the maturity stage and also the high incidence period of cotton Verticillium wilt. Applying the glutamic acid solution during this period can more effectively improve the cotton's resistance to the Verticillium wilt pathogen and reduce the incidence rate. This invention preferably applies the glutamic acid solution to healthy cotton plants. The application method of this invention preferably includes foliar spraying or root irrigation, more preferably root irrigation; when performing root irrigation, drip irrigation is preferred. The preferred dosage of this invention is 50 mL to 1 L per plant, more preferably 50 mL or 1 L per plant; the 50 mL per plant dosage is preferably for potted plants, and the 1 L per plant dosage is preferably for field plants. The cotton seedlings exhibited optimal resistance to Verticillium wilt 24 hours after application of the glutamic acid solution according to this invention.

[0027] By applying the glutamic acid solution of the concentration described in this invention to cotton seedlings, the resistance of cotton to Verticillium wilt can be improved, the incidence of Verticillium wilt can be reduced, and cotton yield can be increased. Furthermore, the method described in this invention is simple to operate, fast-acting, and has no negative impact on human health or the environment.

[0028] Based on the above advantages, the present invention also provides the application of the method described in the above technical solution in cotton cultivation.

[0029] To further illustrate the present invention, the technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but these should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Spraying or drenching with glutamic acid solution can improve cotton's resistance to Verticillium wilt.

[0032] To verify the effect of glutamic acid solution treatment on improving the resistance of cotton seedlings to Verticillium wilt, this invention sets up two methods to treat cotton plants. The first method involves spraying cotton seedlings with two leaves and one bud with a 10mM glutamic acid solution exogenously for 24 hours, followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt. The second method involves drenching the roots of cotton seedlings with two leaves and one bud with a 10mM glutamic acid solution for 24 hours, followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt. The specific steps are as follows:

[0033] Source of materials:

[0034] The cotton seeds used in the experiment were Junmian No. 1, provided by the cotton breeding team of Shihezi University.

[0035] Cotton seedling cultivation:

[0036] After delinting cotton seeds with sulfuric acid, they were soaked in 37℃ warm water for 30 minutes and then germinated at 28℃ for 24 hours. Seeds with uniform germination were selected and sown in moist, sterilized nutrient soil (nutrient soil: vermiculite volume ratio 2:1). The sown cotton seeds were placed in an incubator for cultivation under the following conditions: 16 hours light / 8 hours dark, daytime temperature 25℃, nighttime temperature 23℃. Hoagland's solution was applied regularly to ensure normal seedling growth. Each treatment consisted of 30 plants, with 3 independent biological replicates per treatment. When the cotton seedlings reached the two-leaf-one-heart stage, glutamic acid was applied as a root drench treatment.

[0037] Preparation of spore suspension:

[0038] Take 200 μL of spores of the highly pathogenic Verticillium wilt pathogen "V991" stored at -80℃, spread evenly on PDA (potatodextrose agar) medium, and incubate in the dark at 25℃ for one week. Then, use a 5 mm punch to inoculate an appropriate amount of mycelial blocks into Czapek's medium and incubate at 25℃ and 150 rpm in the dark for 5-7 days. Filter out the mycelial balls using four layers of gauze, and adjust the spore concentration to 1×10⁻⁶ using a hemocytometer. 6 Units / mL are available for use.

[0039] Handling:

[0040] For healthy cotton seedlings at the two-leaf-one-heart stage, glutamic acid solution (solvent: water) was applied via exogenous spraying or root drenching (50 mL / plant). After 24 hours, 20 mL of the prepared spore suspension was poured into all the nutrient pots. Each treatment had three biological replicates, with 30 cotton plants per replicate. A distilled water treatment group (control) was also included, with three biological replicates of 30 cotton plants per replicate. After inoculation, the seedlings were cultured under a 16-hour light / 8-hour dark condition at 28°C during the day and 25°C at night.

[0041] Identification of disease resistance in cotton seedlings treated with different concentrations of glutamic acid:

[0042] The disease severity of cotton seedlings treated with different methods of glutamic acid was investigated on days 10, 15, and 20 after inoculation. The severity of Verticillium wilt is shown in Table 1. The disease incidence and disease index of cotton seedlings were calculated based on the investigation results.

[0043] Incidence rate (%) = (Number of infected plants / Total number of plants surveyed) × 100%.

[0044] Disease index = ∑(number of diseased plants × grade) / (total number of cotton plants surveyed × 4) × 100.

[0045] Table 1. Classification Standards for Cotton Verticillium Wilt Disease

[0046]

[0047] Analysis of the effects of different glutamate treatments on cotton Verticillium wilt resistance:

[0048] The results are as follows Figure 1 As shown, A) Phenotypes of *Verticillium wilt* on day 20 after treatment with distilled water (Mock), exogenous glutamic acid solution (Spraying), and root drenching with glutamic acid solution (Watering) on ​​*Two-Leaf-One-Heart Junmian 1* cotton seedlings without *Verticillium wilt* infection (from left to right). B) Phenotypes of *Two-Leaf-One-Heart Junmian 1* cotton seedlings on day 20 after treatment with distilled water (Mock), exogenous glutamic acid solution (Spraying), and root drenching with glutamic acid solution (Watering) on ​​*Verticillium wilt* infection (from left to right). C) Disease incidence rate of *Two-Leaf-One-Heart Junmian 1* cotton seedlings on days 10, 15, and 20 after treatment with distilled water (Ve), exogenous glutamic acid solution (S+Ve), and root drenching with glutamic acid solution (W+Ve) on *Verticillium wilt* infection (days 10, 15, and 20). D) Disease index of *Two-Leaf-One-Heart Junmian 1* cotton seedlings on days 10, 15, and 20 after treatment with distilled water (Ve), exogenous glutamic acid solution (S+Ve), and root drenching with glutamic acid solution (W+Ve) on *Verticillium wilt* infection. Each data point in the bar chart represents the mean ± standard deviation of three independent biological replicates. The statistical method used was a t-test between the two groups (different letters a, b, c indicate significant differences (P<0.01)).

[0049] Depend on Figure 1 It can be concluded that both exogenous spraying of a certain concentration of glutamic acid solution and root drenching can improve the resistance of cotton seedlings to Verticillium wilt. From A and B, it can be seen that compared with the control, the degree of leaf yellowing and defoliation in cotton seedlings inoculated with Verticillium wilt was reduced after root drenching with a certain concentration of glutamic acid solution. Results C and D correspond to the phenotypic results; the incidence and disease index on day 20 after inoculation show that root drenching with a certain concentration of glutamic acid solution has a more significant effect on the resistance of cotton seedlings to Verticillium wilt.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Effects of different concentrations of glutamic acid solution on cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt

[0052] To determine the appropriate concentration of glutamic acid to induce resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton seedlings, four different concentrations were set up. After watering with different concentrations of glutamic acid solution, Verticillium wilt pathogens were immediately introduced. The amount of glutamic acid solution used was 50 mL per plant. The steps are as follows.

[0053] The material sources, cotton seedling cultivation, spore suspension preparation, and inoculation treatment were the same as in Example 1, with three independent biological replicates for each treatment;

[0054] Disease resistance identification of cotton materials treated with different glutamic acid:

[0055] The disease severity of each inoculated plant was investigated on days 15 and 20 after inoculation, and the disease incidence and disease index of cotton seedlings were calculated (the calculation method was the same as in Example 1). The relative content of Verticillium wilt in cotton stems was measured on days 15 and 20 after inoculation.

[0056] Analysis of the effects of different concentrations of glutamate on cotton Verticillium wilt resistance:

[0057] The results are as follows Figure 2 The figures show the phenotypes of cotton seedlings of the "Two-Leaf-One-Heart Junmian No. 1" variety on day 20 after inoculation with Verticillium wilt following distilled water treatment (CK). The figures also show the phenotypes of seedlings treated with 0.1 mM glutamic acid solution on day 20 after inoculation with Verticillium wilt, the phenotypes of seedlings treated with 1 mM glutamic acid solution on day 20 after inoculation with Verticillium wilt, the phenotypes of seedlings treated with 5 mM glutamic acid solution on day 20 after inoculation with Verticillium wilt, the phenotypes of seedlings treated with 10 mM glutamic acid solution on day 20 after inoculation with Verticillium wilt, and the disease incidence rates of seedlings treated with CK, 0.1 mM, 1 mM, 5 mM, and 10 mM glutamic acid solutions on days 15 and 20 after inoculation with Verticillium wilt. G. Disease index of *Verticillium wilt* on days 15 and 20 after treatment with CK, 0.1mM, 1mM, 5mM, and 10mM glutamic acid solutions, respectively, followed by treatment with CK, 0.1mM, 1mM, 5mM, and 10mM glutamic acid solutions, respectively, followed by treatment with *Verticillium wilt* on days 15 and 20, followed by treatment with CK, 0.1mM, 1mM, 5mM, and 10mM glutamic acid solutions, respectively, followed by treatment with FU. The bar chart shows the mean ± standard deviation of three independent biological replicates. Statistical analysis was performed using a t-test between the two groups (different letters a, b, and c indicate significant differences (P < 0.01)).

[0058] Depend on Figure 2It can be concluded that: The disease incidence and severity of cotton were observed after treatment with different concentrations of glutamic acid. Fifteen days after inoculation, with increasing glutamic acid solution concentration and prolonged inoculation time, the leaves of Junmian No. 1 cotton plants gradually turned green, and the recovery rate increased. Figure 2 (A, B, C, D, and E); both the incidence rate and disease index showed a decreasing trend, with the most significant difference observed at 10 mmol / L, which was also the optimal concentration for glutamate to induce resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] Glutamic acid solution treatment induces resistance in cotton to Verticillium wilt.

[0061] To verify the effect of glutamic acid solution on the resistance of cotton seedlings to Verticillium wilt, and to eliminate the influence of pro-glutamate solution (acidic) on resistance to Verticillium wilt, three treatment methods were set up. The first method was to inoculate the roots with Verticillium wilt for 24 hours and then drench the roots with 10 mM glutamic acid solution. The second method was to adjust the pH of 10 mM glutamic acid solution to 7 with 1 mol / L NaOH, drench the roots, and then inoculate with Verticillium wilt. The third method was to drench the roots with 10 mM glutamic acid solution for 24 hours and then inoculate with Verticillium wilt. The amount of glutamic acid solution used was 50 mL / plant.

[0062] The material sources, cotton seedling cultivation, spore suspension preparation, and inoculation treatment were the same as in Example 1, with three independent biological replicates for each treatment;

[0063] The method for identifying the disease resistance of cotton materials treated with different glutamic acid levels is the same as in Example 1;

[0064] Analysis of whether glutamate treatment induces resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton:

[0065] The results are as follows Figure 3The images show the phenotypes of cotton seedlings of variety "Two-Leaf One-Heart Junmian 1" on day 15 after treatment with distilled water (Ve) for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt, irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution for 24 hours after inoculation, irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution at pH 7 followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt, and irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt (from left to right). The images also show the phenotypes of seedlings of "Two-Leaf One-Heart Junmian 1" on day 20 after treatment with distilled water (Ve) for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt, irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt, irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution at pH 7 followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt, and irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt (from left to right). C. Disease incidence rate of two-leaf-one-heart Junmian No. 1 cotton seedlings treated with distilled water (Ve) for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt; 24 hours after inoculation with Verticillium wilt, followed by irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution; 24 hours after irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution at pH=7 followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt; 24 hours after irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt on days 15 and 20. D. Disease index of two-leaf-one-heart Junmian No. 1 cotton seedlings treated with distilled water (Ve) for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt; 24 hours after inoculation with Verticillium wilt, followed by irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution at pH=7 followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt; 24 hours after irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt on days 15 and 20. The relative content of Verticillium wilt in the stems of cotton seedlings of the "Two-Leaf One-Heart Junmian No. 1" variety was measured on day 20 after treatment with distilled water (Ve) for 24 h followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt, irrigation with a 10 mM glutamic acid solution for 24 h after inoculation, irrigation with a 10 mM glutamic acid solution at pH 7 followed by inoculation, and irrigation with a 10 mM glutamic acid solution for 24 h followed by inoculation. Each data point in the bar chart represents the mean ± standard deviation of three independent biological replicates. The statistical method used was a t-test between the two groups (different letters a, b, c indicate significant differences (P < 0.01)).

[0066] Since glutamic acid is an acidic amino acid, to eliminate the influence of pH on cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt, the pH of a 10 mM glutamic acid solution was adjusted to 7.0 using 1 mol / L NaOH sodium hydroxide. Figure 3As shown, cotton plants treated with Verticillium wilt followed by 10mM glutamic acid solution exhibited severe wilting, wilt, and yellowing symptoms on day 20. Compared to the control, the incidence rate and disease index decreased by 8.99% and 9.55%, respectively, showing significant differences. However, there was no significant difference in the relative content of Verticillium wilt in cotton stems between the two controls. After treating cotton with 10mM glutamic acid for 24 hours before inoculation with Verticillium wilt, the incidence rate, disease index, and relative content of Verticillium wilt in stems were all significantly lower than the control. On day 20, compared to the control, the incidence rate and disease index decreased by 21.09% and 20.6%, respectively. This indicates that treating cotton with glutamic acid before inoculation with Verticillium wilt significantly enhances disease resistance. Furthermore, we found that cotton treated with glutamic acid solution at pH 7 had significantly higher incidence and disease indices compared to cotton treated with unadjusted pH glutamic acid. Figure 3 The results (D and E) indicate that the improvement of cotton disease resistance is mainly affected by glutamate, rather than by pH.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] Glutamic acid solution treatment enhances the resistance of multiple cotton varieties to Verticillium wilt.

[0069] To further verify that applying 10mM glutamic acid solution significantly improves cotton's resistance to Verticillium wilt, this example selected the Verticillium wilt-susceptible Xinluzao 7 and the Verticillium wilt-resistant Haidao cotton 7124 for indoor verification tests.

[0070] Source of materials:

[0071] The cotton varieties tested were Xinluzao 7 (susceptible to disease) and Haidaomian 7124 (resistant to disease), provided by the Cotton Research Institute of Shihezi University.

[0072] The cotton seedling cultivation and spore suspension preparation were the same as in Example 1;

[0073] The root irrigation treatment is the same as in Example 1;

[0074] The inoculation treatment is the same as in Example 1;

[0075] The method for identifying the disease resistance of different cotton materials after treatment with glutamic acid solution is the same as in Example 1;

[0076] Analysis of the effects of different glutamic acid solution treatment times on the resistance of multiple cotton varieties to Verticillium wilt

[0077] The results of the Xinlu Morning No. 7 (sickness) are as follows Figure 4The images show the phenotypes of cotton seedlings of the "Two-Leaf One-Heart Xinluzao 7" variety on day 15 after treatment with distilled water (Ve) for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt, irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution 24 hours after inoculation, and irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution 24 hours after inoculation (from left to right). The images also show the disease incidence rates on days 15 and 20 after treatment with distilled water (Ve) for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt, irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution 24 hours after inoculation, and irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution 24 hours after inoculation (from left to right). D. Disease index of *Verticillium wilt* var. *biflorum* seedlings treated with distilled water (Ve) for 24 h before inoculation with *Verticillium wilt*, irrigated with 10 mM glutamic acid solution for 24 h after inoculation with *Verticillium wilt*, and on days 15 and 20 after irrigating with 10 mM glutamic acid solution for 24 h after inoculation with *Verticillium wilt*. E. Relative *Verticillium wilt* content in the stems of *Verticillium wilt* var. *biflorum* seedlings treated with distilled water (Ve) for 24 h before inoculation with *Verticillium wilt*, irrigated with 10 mM glutamic acid solution for 24 h after inoculation with *Verticillium wilt*, and on day 20 after irrigating with 10 mM glutamic acid solution for 24 h after inoculation with *Verticillium wilt*. Each data point in the bar chart represents the mean ± standard deviation of three independent biological replicates. The statistical method used was a t-test between the two groups (different letters a, b, c indicate significant differences (P < 0.01)).

[0078] Compared with cotton seedlings grown without root irrigation and without glutamic acid solution, cotton seedlings treated with 10mM glutamic acid solution for 24 hours before inoculation with Verticillium wilt showed significantly reduced wilting, yellowing, and leaf drop rates on days 15 and 20. Figure 4 (Figures A and B). Furthermore, the incidence rate, disease index, and relative fungal content in the stems all showed a significant decreasing trend (Figures C, D, and E), indicating that cotton exhibited the best resistance to Verticillium wilt after induction with 10 mM glutamic acid solution for 24 h.

[0079] Sea Island Cotton 7124 (Disease Resistant) Figure 5The images show the phenotypes of cotton seedlings of variety 7124 (two-leaf, one-heart island cotton) on day 15 after treatment with distilled water (Ve) for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt, irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution 24 hours after inoculation, and irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution 24 hours after inoculation with Verticillium wilt (from left to right). The images also show the phenotypes of seedlings of variety 7124 (two-leaf, one-heart island cotton) on day 15 after treatment with distilled water (Ve) for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt, irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution 24 hours after inoculation, and irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution 24 hours after inoculation with Verticillium wilt (from left to right). Finally, the images show the disease incidence rates of seedlings of variety 7124 (two-leaf, one-heart island cotton) on days 15 and 20 after treatment with distilled water (Ve) for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt, irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution 24 hours after inoculation, and irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution 24 hours after inoculation with Verticillium wilt (from left to right). D. Disease index of two-leaf-one-heart Island cotton 7124 seedlings after distilled water (Ve) treatment for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt; 24 hours after inoculation with Verticillium wilt followed by irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution; and 24 hours after irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt on days 15 and 20. E. Relative content of Verticillium wilt in the stems of two-leaf-one-heart Island cotton 7124 seedlings after distilled water (Ve) treatment for 24 hours followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt; 24 hours after inoculation with Verticillium wilt followed by irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution; and 20 days after irrigation with 10mM glutamic acid solution followed by inoculation with Verticillium wilt. Each data point in the bar chart represents the mean ± standard deviation of three independent biological replicates. The statistical method used was a t-test between the two groups (different letters a, b, c indicate significant differences (P<0.01)).

[0080] Twenty days after inoculation with Verticillium wilt 24 hours after root drenching with 10mM glutamic acid solution, compared with the control, the yellowing and defoliation rates of seedlings of Island cotton 7124 were reduced. Figure 5 (A and B). Meanwhile, the incidence rate, disease index, and relative fungal content in stems decreased ( Figure 5 (C, D, and E), but the disease resistance effect is not as obvious as Xinluzao 7. The above analysis shows that compared with Junmian 1 and Haidaomian 7124, Xinluzao 7 has a more significant improvement in disease resistance.

[0081] Example 5

[0082] Effects of glutamic acid solution on cotton Verticillium wilt resistance and yield (field validation)

[0083] Source of materials:

[0084] The cotton seeds used in the experiment were Xinluzao 7 and Haidaomian 7124, provided by the Cotton Research Institute of Shihezi University.

[0085] Test site conditions:

[0086] Location: Field nursery, Cotton Research Institute, Shihezi University

[0087] Community area: 5m² 2 Each treatment was set up with 3 independent biological replicates.

[0088] Glutamic acid treatment period:

[0089] As shown in Table 2, four treatments were set up at the two-leaf-one-heart stage and the budding stage of cotton (the peak period for Verticillium wilt), with and without the addition of glutamic acid solution. For each treatment, 10 mM glutamic acid solution was added to the fertilizer tank and drip-applied at a dose of 1 L per cotton plant.

[0090] Table 2. Glutamate treatment periods

[0091]

[0092] Identification of disease resistance in cotton treated with different glutamic acid methods in the field:

[0093] When cotton begins to open its bolls, the disease incidence rate of each treatment is investigated and the disease index is calculated (using the same method as above). Seed cotton yield for each treatment is measured at harvest.

[0094] The effects of glutamate treatment at different growth stages on cotton Verticillium wilt resistance and yield were analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0095] Table 3. Incidence, disease index, and yield of Verticillium wilt in cotton treated with glutamic acid solution at different growth stages.

[0096]

[0097] Note: Different letters a, b, c indicate significant differences (P<0.01).

[0098] Table 3 shows that compared with the control, there were no significant changes in the incidence, disease index, and yield of cotton Verticillium wilt in Experiment 1. In Experiments 2 and 3, the incidence and disease index of cotton Verticillium wilt were significantly reduced (incidence decreased by 41.55% and 39.61%, respectively; disease index decreased by 38.32% and 45.51%, respectively), and the yield was significantly increased (36.32% and 36.93%, respectively), but there was no significant difference between Experiments 2 and 3. This indicates that drip irrigation with glutamic acid solution during the peak Verticillium wilt period (budding stage) can effectively improve cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt and yield.

[0099] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of glutamic acid in improving resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton; wherein the glutamic acid is applied to cotton seedlings in the form of a glutamic acid solution, the concentration of the glutamic acid solution being 5-10 mM; wherein the cotton seedlings include cotton seedlings at the two-leaf-one-heart stage and / or bud stage; and wherein the application dosage is 50 mL-1 L / plant.

2. A method for improving resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton, characterized in that, include: A 5-10 mM glutamic acid solution is applied to cotton seedlings, including those at the two-leaf-one-heart stage and / or bud stage; the dosage is 50 mL-1 L per plant.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The concentration of the glutamic acid solution was 10 mM.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The application methods include foliar spraying or root irrigation.

5. The application of the method according to any one of claims 2 to 4 in cotton cultivation.

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