Processing method of chuanmingshen

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of agricultural product raw material processing, and particularly relates to a processing method of Sichuan fuziluon. In order to solve the problems that Sichuan fuziluon is prone to browning and surface state is poor during dehydration treatment and storage, the application first carries out acid dipping treatment on Sichuan fuziluon with skin in an acid solution, improves the anti-browning ability during subsequent processing and storage, then carries out smoking treatment on the Sichuan fuziluon with skin by using smoking liquid, carries out low-temperature drying treatment on the Sichuan fuziluon with skin after the smoking treatment, carries out two-stage high-pressure treatment on the Sichuan fuziluon with skin after the smoking treatment is completed, effectively kills pests in the Sichuan fuziluon with skin, and further improves the anti-browning ability of the Sichuan fuziluon with skin during processing and storage, so that the Sichuan fuziluon with skin still has good quality after being stored for more than 2 years.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of raw material processing of agricultural products, and particularly relates to a processing method of Chuanminggeng. BACKGROUND

[0002] Chuanminggeng belongs to Chuanminggeng genus of Umbelliferae and is similar to Chingdonggeng in morphology. It is a single-species plant unique to China. Its root is used as a tonic medicinal material and has the effects of moistening the lung, reducing phlegm, harmonizing the stomach, producing saliva and detoxification. However, fresh Chuanminggeng is prone to browning, insect damage and mold after being harvested. According to the provisions in DB51 / T 602-2006 “Production Technical Regulations for Pollution-free Agricultural Products Chuanminggeng”, postharvest dehydration treatment is performed on Chuanminggeng to make the water content less than 11%, which can effectively delay the browning process of Chuanminggeng during long-term storage. However, Chuanminggeng will be browning to some extent during the dehydration process, and it is still prone to insect damage and mold during long-term storage. To solve the above problems, the traditional treatment method is sulfur fumigation, which can directly kill the pests (adults, eggs, pupae and larvae) in Chuanminggeng, inhibit the activity of bacteria and mold, and prevent browning. However, the large amount of residual sulfur dioxide poses a great threat to human health. Therefore, the research on sulfur-free treatment technology of Chuanminggeng is very important. The existing technology uses drying to replace sulfur fumigation. However, although high-temperature drying can quickly kill the pests in Chuanminggeng, it will cause the imbalance of the water gradient in Chuanminggeng and browning, resulting in the loss of effective components. Low-temperature drying takes 1.5-2 hours to achieve the purpose of killing pests and making the water content less than 11%, and long-time drying will also cause browning, loss of effective components and quality decline of Chuanminggeng. SUMMARY

[0003] Based on the above reasons, the purpose of the present application is to provide a processing method of Chuanminggeng. The browning resistance of Chuanminggeng with skin is improved by acid soaking treatment, and then dry Chuanminggeng is obtained by smoking with smoke liquid and low-temperature drying. Two-stage high-pressure treatment is further included after smoking to kill pests in Chuanminggeng and further improve the browning resistance, so as to ensure the long-term storage quality.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a processing method of Chuanminggeng, which comprises the following steps:

[0005] Chuanminggeng with skin is subjected to acid soaking treatment to obtain a first material;

[0006] The first material is peeled, smoked with smoke liquid and then dried.

[0007] Further, the smoking treatment further includes high-pressure treatment.

[0008] Further, the acid used in the acid soaking treatment includes but is not limited to acetic acid and citric acid.

[0009] Further, the concentration of the acid in the acid immersion solution is 0.75-1.25 g / L.

[0010] Further, the acid immersion time is 68-72 h.

[0011] Further, the smoke liquid includes but is not limited to fruitwood smoke liquid, birch smoke liquid, eucalyptus smoke liquid, rice husk smoke liquid, and coconut shell smoke liquid.

[0012] Further, the smoking time is 30-35 min.

[0013] Further, the high-pressure treatment is two-stage high-pressure treatment.

[0014] Further, in the two-stage high-pressure treatment, in the first stage, the pressure is raised to 0.4-0.6 MPa and maintained for 1-3 min, and then the pressure is rapidly released; in the second stage, the pressure is raised to 0.6-0.8 MPa and then rapidly released.

[0015] Further, the drying temperature is 50-55 ℃, and the drying time is 45-50 min.

[0016] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present application aims at the problem that the radix sophorae flavescentis is prone to browning and surface deterioration during dehydration and storage in the prior art. First, the radix sophorae flavescentis with skin is subjected to acid immersion treatment, so that the solution fully penetrates into the interior of the radix sophorae flavescentis, improves the anti-browning ability of the radix sophorae flavescentis during subsequent processing and storage, and avoids the influence of a large number of microorganisms growing in the solution during long-time acid immersion treatment on the surface state of the product. Then, the radix sophorae flavescentis is subjected to smoking with a smoke liquid and then low-temperature drying treatment, further improving the anti-browning ability of the radix sophorae flavescentis during storage, ensuring that the water content of the radix sophorae flavescentis is reduced to below 11% under the low-temperature drying treatment for a short time, and further including two-stage high-pressure treatment after the smoking is completed. Through the sharp change of the pressure, the CO2 gas generated by the smoking is released and rapidly expands in the body fluid of the pests in the interior of the radix sophorae flavescentis, so that the internal organs of the pests are ruptured and the pests are killed, thereby effectively killing the pests in the interior of the radix sophorae flavescentis, and ensuring that the dried radix sophorae flavescentis obtained still has good quality under storage for 2 years or more. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The scheme of the present application will be explained below in combination with examples. Those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application.

[0019] The present application discloses a processing method of radix sophorae flavescentis, comprising:

[0020] The first material is obtained by acid soaking treatment of the skin-attached Chuanminshen violaceum;

[0021] The first material is peeled, and then is smoked by using a smoking liquid and dried.

[0022] In some embodiments, the smoking treatment further comprises high-pressure treatment.

[0023] It should be noted that the Chuanminshen violaceum described in the present application is Chuanminshen violaceum in Cangxi, Sichuan Province. The Chuanminshen violaceum has white flesh, and browning easily occurs during the conventional drying or baking dehydration process. The Chuanminshen violaceum after dehydration can also be browning during long-term storage, and is prone to insect infestation and mold growth.

[0024] In the present embodiment, the purpose of the acid soaking treatment is to improve the anti-browning ability of the Chuanminshen violaceum, prevent its oxidation and discoloration during subsequent processing, and also play a certain anti-browning role during long-term storage. In order to ensure that the solution fully penetrates into the Chuanminshen violaceum, ensure the anti-browning ability of the Chuanminshen violaceum during dehydration, and at the same time avoid the quality decline caused by acidification, the concentration of acid in the Chuanminshen violaceum soaking solution of the present application is 0.75-1.25 g / L, and the acid soaking time is 68-72 h. Further, the acid used in the present application includes but is not limited to acetic acid and citric acid. In addition, in the prior art, in order to ensure the acid soaking effect, the material is usually peeled before acid soaking treatment. However, in the above long-time and low-concentration acid soaking process of the present application, microorganisms such as bacteria and mold are easy to breed in the acid soaking solution, which causes the surface of the Chuanminshen violaceum to deteriorate. Therefore, the Chuanminshen violaceum is peeled after acid soaking treatment to prevent the acid soaking solution and the surface microorganisms from affecting the internal flesh.

[0025] Further, in the present embodiment, the smoking and high-pressure treatment after smoking are aimed at killing pests inside the Chuanminshen violaceum and removing part of the water in the Chuanminshen violaceum. The present application generates CO2 gas through smoking treatment. Since CO2 is easy to dissolve in water, it will enter the body fluid of pests inside the Chuanminshen violaceum, and then the smoked Chuanminshen violaceum is subjected to high-pressure treatment. The sharp change of pressure makes the CO2 gas release from the pests and rapidly expand, causing the internal organs of the pests to rupture and die, thereby achieving the purpose of killing pests inside the Chuanminshen violaceum. In addition, CO2 also causes the cells of the internal tissues of the Chuanminshen violaceum to thicken, thereby forming a protective film to prevent pests from easily invading, avoiding the occurrence of insect damage during smoking. The high-pressure treatment also eliminates microorganisms remaining on the Chuanminshen violaceum.

[0026] In some embodiments, the smoking time is 30-35 min.

[0027] It should be noted that the high pressure treatment of the present application is a two-stage high pressure treatment, which aims to reduce the influence of rapid pressure change on the quality of Chuanminshen violaceum. The prior art generally adopts one-time high pressure treatment, and the pressure is set at 1 MPa or above. The excessive pressure difference can achieve the purpose of killing the internal pests of Chuanminshen violaceum at one time, but at the same time, the Chuanminshen violaceum will be softened to a certain extent, and the quality of the final product will be reduced. The two-stage high pressure treatment adopted in the present application controls the pressure in the first stage at 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the pressure in the second stage at 0.6-0.8 MPa. Compared with the prior art, the internal pests of Chuanminshen violaceum are effectively killed while the product quality is guaranteed.

[0028] In some specific embodiments, the two-stage high pressure treatment, in the first stage, the pressure is raised to 0.4-0.6 MPa and maintained for 1-3 min, and then the pressure is quickly released; in the second stage, the pressure is raised to 0.6-0.8 MPa and then the pressure is quickly released.

[0029] Further, in the present embodiment, the Chuanminshen violaceum is smoked with smoke liquid, because the smoke liquid also contains a large amount of phenolic compounds, which can further improve the anti-browning ability of Chuanminshen violaceum during drying and long-term storage, and the Chuanminshen violaceum smoked with smoke liquid is free of carcinogens such as benzopyrene.

[0030] In some specific embodiments, the smoke liquid includes but is not limited to fruitwood smoke liquid, birch smoke liquid, eucalyptus smoke liquid, rice husk smoke liquid, and coconut shell smoke liquid.

[0031] It should be noted that the drying of the present application plays a role in dehydration, and the Chuanminshen violaceum treated as described above is dried at a low temperature of 50-55°C for 45-50 min, so that the moisture content of Chuanminshen violaceum is <11%, and at the same time, the problem of browning of Chuanminshen violaceum caused by direct long-term low-temperature drying is avoided. The dried Chuanminshen violaceum obtained is not prone to browning, insect damage and mold during long-term storage, and still has good quality after being stored for more than 2 years under normal temperature drying conditions.

[0032] The processing method of Chuanminshen violaceum of the present application will be disclosed through specific examples below. Obviously, the described examples are part of the examples of the present disclosure, rather than all the examples. Based on the described examples of the present disclosure, all other examples obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] The dried Chuanminshen violaceum is prepared, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0035] The Chuanminshen violaceum with skin is soaked in an acetic acid solution with a concentration of 0.75 g / L for 72 h to obtain a first material;

[0036] The first material was peeled, smoked with fruitwood smoke for 30 min, and then subjected to two-stage high-pressure treatment. In the first stage, the pressure was raised to 0.4 MPa and maintained for 3 min, and then the pressure was rapidly released. In the second stage, the pressure was raised to 0.8 MPa and then rapidly released. The material was taken out and dried at 50°C for 50 min to obtain the dried radix trichosanthis.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The dried radix trichosanthis was prepared according to the following steps:

[0039] The radix trichosanthis with skin was soaked in an acetic acid solution with a concentration of 1 g / L for 70 h to obtain the first material.

[0040] The first material was peeled, smoked with birch smoke for 32 min, and then subjected to two-stage high-pressure treatment. In the first stage, the pressure was raised to 0.5 MPa and maintained for 2 min, and then the pressure was rapidly released. In the second stage, the pressure was raised to 0.7 MPa and then rapidly released. The material was taken out and dried at 53°C for 48 min to obtain the dried radix trichosanthis.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] The dried radix trichosanthis was prepared according to the following steps:

[0043] The radix trichosanthis with skin was soaked in a citric acid solution with a concentration of 1.25 g / L for 68 h to obtain the first material.

[0044] The first material was peeled, smoked with coconut shell smoke for 35 min, and then subjected to two-stage high-pressure treatment. In the first stage, the pressure was raised to 0.6 MPa and maintained for 1 min, and then the pressure was rapidly released. In the second stage, the pressure was raised to 0.6 MPa and then rapidly released. The material was taken out and dried at 55°C for 45 min to obtain the dried radix trichosanthis.

[0045] Comparative Example 1

[0046] The dried radix trichosanthis was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the comparative example 1 was directly subjected to drying treatment at 100°C for 0.5 h.

[0047] Comparative Example 2

[0048] The dried radix trichosanthis was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the comparative example 2 was directly subjected to drying treatment at 55°C for 1.5 h.

[0049] Comparative Example 3

[0050] The dried radix trichosanthis was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the comparative example 3 was subjected to acid soaking treatment after peeling.

[0051] Comparative Example 4

[0052] Dry prepared Radix Tripterygii was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the acid soaking treatment was omitted in Comparative Example 4.

[0053] Comparative Example 5

[0054] Dry prepared Radix Tripterygii was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that sawdust was used instead of smoke solution in Comparative Example 5.

[0055] Comparative Example 6

[0056] Dry prepared Radix Tripterygii was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that a single high pressure treatment was used in Comparative Example 6, with the pressure raised to 1 MPa.

[0057] Comparative Example 7

[0058] Dry prepared Radix Tripterygii was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the second stage high pressure treatment was omitted in Comparative Example 7.

[0059] Comparative Example 8

[0060] Dry prepared Radix Tripterygii was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the two-stage high pressure treatment was omitted in Comparative Example 8.

[0061] Test Example 1: Anti-browning ability test

[0062] Fresh Radix Tripterygii is prone to browning after harvesting. Processing it into a dry product with a water content of <11% can delay the browning process during long-term storage, but it will also undergo a certain degree of browning during the dehydration process, affecting product quality and shelf life. In this test example, the products of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-9, as well as the control group (fresh Radix Tripterygii), were subjected to color determination before and after 2 years of storage, to determine the browning of Radix Tripterygii during processing and long-term storage.

[0063] Test method: Radix Tripterygii was cut into small cubes of 1 cm*1 cm*0.5 cm. A full-automatic colorimeter was used, with a 6mm aperture colorimetric plate. The samples were placed in a petri dish for detection, and the L value was measured and recorded.

[0064] Test results: see Table 1.

[0065] Table 1: L value determination results of Radix Tripterygii products

[0066] .

[0067] Result analysis: As can be seen from the experimental results in Table 1, the products of Examples 1-3 have good color before and after storage, indicating that the dry Sanchi prepared by the process of the application has good color, close to that of fresh Sanchi, and still maintains good color after two years of storage, and has good anti-browning ability during processing and later storage. Compared with Example 1, the color of the products of Comparative Examples 1-9 has decreased to varying degrees, indicating that direct drying treatment, whether high temperature short time (Comparative Example 1) or low temperature long time (Comparative Example 2), will affect the color of dry Sanchi to some extent, and the anti-browning ability during storage is poor; acid soaking treatment (Comparative Example 4) significantly improves the anti-browning ability of Sanchi during processing and storage; although peeling and acid soaking (Comparative Example 3) can further improve the anti-browning ability of Sanchi during later processing and storage, during the long peeling and acid soaking process, microorganisms in the acid soaking solution invade the surface and even the interior of Sanchi, which affects the quality of the prepared product and causes the color to decrease; smoking treatment (Comparative Example 6) can improve the anti-browning ability of Sanchi by shortening the low-temperature drying time and the gas substances produced by smoking; using smoking liquid (Comparative Example 5) for smoking can further improve the anti-browning ability of Sanchi during drying and storage; only two-stage high-pressure treatment during smoking can effectively kill pests inside Sanchi, ensure the quality of dry Sanchi before and after storage, and avoid the problem of quality decrease of Sanchi products caused by excessive pressure difference (Comparative Example 7) and pest residues (Comparative Example 8).

[0068] Test Example 2 Surface State Test

[0069] Fresh Sanchi is subjected to dehydration treatment, which is easy to be eroded by pests and contaminated by microorganisms during dehydration, and the product after dehydration is also easy to breed pests and mold during circulation and storage, resulting in the attachment of moss, fungal hair and insect holes on the surface of the product. In addition, during the processing and dehydration process, the surface of Sanchi is also easy to appear hardening and wrinkling, resulting in the decrease of product quality and the shortening of shelf life. In this test example, the products of Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-9 and the control group (fresh Sanchi) are subjected to surface state test by observation before and after storage for two years, and the scores are recorded: 10 points, "8-10" means that the product surface has no or very little moss / fungal hair / insect holes, etc.; "4-7" means that the product surface has less moss / fungal hair / insect holes, etc.; "1-3" means that the product surface has a large amount of moss / fungal hair / insect holes, etc.

[0070] Test results: see Table 2.

[0071] Table 2 Surface State Test Results of Sanchi Products

[0072] .

[0073] The results of the analysis of the results in Table 2 show that the products prepared by the process of the application (Examples 1-3) have good surface states before and after storage, and no insect damage or microbial growth occurs during storage. After two years of storage, the surface state of the products is not much different from that of fresh Sanchi. Direct drying of Sanchi at a high temperature (Comparative Example 1) or for a long time (Comparative Example 2) causes slight hardening or shrinkage of the surface of the product, which in turn leads to a slight decrease in the surface state. In Comparative Example 3, the Sanchi was peeled and then subjected to acid soaking. During the long acid soaking process, a large number of microorganisms in the acid soaking solution directly adhere to the surface of the Sanchi during the acid soaking and subsequent processing, resulting in a poor surface state of the product. The acid soaking process is cancelled (Comparative Example 4) or the smoking raw material is replaced (Comparative Example 5), which has little effect on the surface state of the product. The results of Comparative Examples 6, 8 and 9 show that only the combination of smoking and two-stage high-pressure treatment can effectively kill the internal pests of Sanchi. Smoking treatment (Comparative Example 9) or two-stage high-pressure treatment (Comparative Example 8) has little effect on the killing of internal pests of Sanchi, and only one high-pressure treatment cannot effectively kill the internal pests of Sanchi. In Comparative Example 7, a large pressure difference is used, which can effectively kill the internal pests of Sanchi, but at the same time causes the Sanchi to become soft and the surface state to decrease to some extent.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the same. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacements to some or all of the technical features thereof. Such modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A processing method of Chuanminshen violaceum, characterized in that, The application relates to a method for preparing a smoked and dried Chinese yam tuber. The first material is peeled, smoked with a smoke liquid, treated by two-stage high-pressure treatment, and finally dried. The first stage of the two-stage high-pressure treatment is to raise the pressure to 0.4-0.6 MPa and keep for 1-3 min, and then rapidly release the pressure. The second stage is to raise the pressure to 0.6-0.8 MPa and then rapidly release the pressure. The acid used in the acid dipping treatment is acetic acid or citric acid, and the concentration of the acid is 0.75-1.25 g / L. The acid dipping time is 68-72 h.

2. The processing method of the Radix Anemarrhenae according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smoke liquid is fruitwood smoke liquid, birch smoke liquid, eucalyptus smoke liquid, rice husk smoke liquid or coconut shell smoke liquid.

3. The processing method of the Radix Anemarrhenae as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The smoking time is 30-35 min.

4. The processing method of the Radix Trillii according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying temperature is 45-55 DEG C, and the drying time is 45-50 min.

5. The processing method of the Radix Anemarrhenae as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, ​