Preparation method of environment-friendly wear-resistant polymer material

Abstract

The application provides a preparation method of an environment-friendly wear-resistant polymer material and relates to the technical field of composite base materials. The preparation method of the environment-friendly wear-resistant polymer material comprises the following steps: step one, white carbon black powder and aluminum powder are placed in a high-speed ball mill, 15-30% of solid naphthenic oil is added into the high-speed ball mill, the ball mill is rotated at a speed of 80-120 revolutions per minute for 1-1.5 hours, 1% of carbon powder is added into the high-speed ball mill every 0.2-0.5 hours, and finally, 120-150 mesh mixed powder A is generated, and the mixed powder A is taken out and placed in a vacuum tank to stand still at 20-30 degrees Celsius. The pre-oxidized composite solution A is placed in a carbonization furnace containing inert gas, oxidized at 500 degrees Celsius for 3-4 hours, increased by 5 degrees Celsius every 1 minute, and carbonized, the outer layer of the composite material contains more chromium and vanadium elements, has good wear resistance, and the outer layer of the composite material also has good quenching penetration.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of composite base materials, in particular to a preparation method of an environmentally-friendly wear-resistant polymer material. BACKGROUND

[0002] With people paying more and more attention to environmental protection, environmentally-friendly polymer materials with low solvent content have become a research hotspot. Two-component waterborne polyurethane materials have become rapidly developing environmentally-friendly materials because of their excellent wear resistance, weather resistance and mechanical properties comparable to solvent-based polyurethane materials.

[0003] Among the currently widely researched and applied particle-reinforced composite base materials, white carbon black, magnesium, titanium and their composites are mainly used as matrix materials, and SiC, Al2O3 and TiC particles are used as reinforcing bodies. The particles and the matrix have strong interfacial bonding, and the load can be uniformly transmitted from the matrix to the particles, greatly improving the specific strength and specific modulus of the material. However, the movement of dislocations in the matrix is hindered by ceramic particles, and the fracture mode of the composite material changes, often accompanied by poor toughness and plasticity. In order to meet higher application requirements, how to improve the plasticity and toughness of the material and prepare composite materials with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties has become a research focus in the field of particle-reinforced composite base materials.

[0004] Composite base materials have excellent performance in many aspects, but also have some shortcomings. High cost: the production cost of composite base materials is usually high because these materials require special manufacturing processes and technologies, which increases the manufacturing cost; difficult to manufacture: compared with traditional composite manufacturing, the preparation of composite base materials requires more complex processes and technologies, including material pretreatment, crosslinking, lamination and sintering processes, etc. These steps may require highly specialized equipment and technical knowledge, increasing the manufacturing complexity. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a preparation method of an environmentally-friendly wear-resistant polymer material, which solves the problems of high production cost during the preparation of composite base materials and the need for more complex processes and technologies compared with traditional composite manufacturing.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application is implemented by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of an environmentally-friendly wear-resistant polymer material, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step one, white carbon black powder and aluminum powder are placed in a high-speed ball mill, and 15-30% of solid naphthenic oil is added to the internal volume of the high-speed ball mill, and the ball milling speed is 80-120 revolutions per minute. Mill for 1-1.5 hours, add 1% of the volume of carbon powder to the high-speed ball mill every 0.2-0.5 hours, and finally produce 120-150 mesh mixed powder A. Take out the mixed powder A and place it in a vacuum tank at 20-30 degrees Celsius and stand still;

[0008] Step two, tungsten, polyurethane, and ceramic powder are placed in the high-speed ball mill, and the ball milling speed is 100-120 revolutions per minute. Mill for 10-12 hours, then add vanadium to the high-speed ball mill every 5 hours, and finally obtain 100-120 mesh mixed powder B;

[0009] Step three, mixed powder A and mixed powder B are placed in a negative pressure drying chamber, and then mixed powder A and mixed powder B are cooled in a vacuum environment at 30-35 degrees Celsius for 1-2 hours;

[0010] Step four, mixed powder A and mixed powder B are placed in a press, and mixed powder A and mixed powder B are pressed into sheet-shaped composite powder A and sheet-shaped composite powder B under a pressure of 200-250 megapascals;

[0011] Step five, sheet-shaped composite powder A is placed in a high-temperature sintering furnace, the internal temperature of the high-temperature sintering furnace is increased by 50 degrees Celsius per hour until 100-120 degrees Celsius, then chromium is placed in the high-temperature sintering furnace, the internal temperature of the high-temperature sintering furnace is increased by 100 degrees Celsius per hour, and then sheet-shaped composite powder A and sulfur are sintered for 2-2.5 hours. Add sheet-shaped composite powder B to the high-temperature sintering furnace, then sinter sheet-shaped composite powder A and sheet-shaped composite powder B at a temperature increasing rate of 70-80 degrees Celsius per hour, and after sintering for 3-3.5 hours, form sintered material A. Sintered material A cools to room temperature with the high-temperature sintering furnace;

[0012] Step six, sintered material A is placed in a high-temperature melting furnace and heat treated at 800-1000 degrees Celsius for 3-3.5 hours to obtain composite solution A;

[0013] Step seven, pre-oxidized composite solution A is placed in a carbonization furnace containing inert gas and oxidized at 500 degrees Celsius for 3-4 hours, with an increase of 5 degrees Celsius every 1 minute, and carbonization is completed to obtain a dense bulk composite material.

[0014] Preferably, in step one, the diameter of the composite balls of the high-speed ball mill is 10-15 millimeters, and the ratio of white carbon black powder to aluminum powder is 1:1.5.

[0015] Preferably, in the step two, the high-speed ball mill is added with 15-30% of high carbon alcohol corresponding to the volume of the inside of the high-speed ball mill.

[0016] Preferably, in the step three, the negative pressure drying chamber is dried at 100-150 degrees Celsius for 1-3 hours, so that the water content of the mixed powder A and the mixed powder B is reduced to 2-3%.

[0017] Preferably, in the step four, the mixed powder A and the mixed powder B are respectively placed in the press, and 5-10% of paraffin wax is respectively added as a binder.

[0018] Preferably, in the step five, the high-temperature sintering furnace is vacuumized when sintering.

[0019] Preferably, in the step five, the sheet-shaped composite powder A needs to be kept at 100-120 degrees Celsius for 2-3 hours.

[0020] Preferably, in the step five, the sheet-shaped composite powder B is kept at 500-550 degrees Celsius for 2-3 hours after being added to the high-temperature sintering furnace.

[0021] Preferably, in the step five, vanadium is added every 30 minutes during the sintering process.

[0022] Preferably, in the step seven, the inert gas is helium or neon.

[0023] The application provides a preparation method of an environmentally friendly wear-resistant high polymer material.

[0024] 1. In the application, white carbon black powder and aluminum powder are placed in a high-speed ball mill, 15-30% of solid naphthenic oil is added to the inside of the high-speed ball mill, the ball mill is rotated at a speed of 80-120 revolutions per minute for 1-1.5 hours, 1% of carbon powder is added to the high-speed ball mill every 0.2-0.5 hours, and finally 120-150 mesh mixed powder A is obtained. The mixed powder A is taken out and placed in a vacuum tank for standing at 20-30 degrees Celsius, so as to improve powderization and indirectly improve the processing efficiency in the later stage, while reducing the working cost.

[0025] 2. In the application, sintered material A is placed in a high-temperature melting furnace and subjected to heat treatment at 800-1000 degrees Celsius for 3-3.5 hours to obtain a composite solution A. The pre-oxidized composite solution A is placed in a carbonization furnace containing inert gas and is oxidized at 500 degrees Celsius for 3-4 hours, and the temperature is increased by 5 degrees Celsius every 1 minute. Carbonization is completed, the outer layer of the composite material contains more chromium and vanadium elements, has good wear resistance, and the outer layer of the composite material also has good quenching. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0027] Embodiment one:

[0028] The present application provides a kind of preparation method of environment-friendly wear-resistant polymer material, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Step one, white carbon black powder and aluminum powder are placed in a high-speed ball mill, and 15% of solid naphthenic oil is added to the internal volume of the high-speed ball mill, and the ball milling speed is 80 revolutions per minute for 1 hour, the composite ball diameter of the high-speed ball mill is 10 millimeters, the ratio of white carbon black powder and aluminum powder is 1:1.5, and 1% of carbon powder is added to the high-speed ball mill every 0.2 hours, and finally 120 mesh mixed powder A is produced, and the mixed powder A is taken out and placed in a vacuum tank at 20 degrees Celsius and left standing;

[0030] Step two, tungsten, polyurethane and ceramic powder are placed in a high-speed ball mill, and 15% of high-carbon alcohol is added to the internal volume of the high-speed ball mill, and the ball milling speed is 100 revolutions per minute for 10 hours, and then vanadium is added to the high-speed ball mill every 5 hours, and finally 100 mesh mixed powder B is obtained;

[0031] Step three, mixed powder A and mixed powder B are respectively placed in a negative pressure drying chamber, and the negative pressure drying chamber is dried at 100 degrees Celsius for 1 hour, so that the water content of mixed powder A and mixed powder B is reduced to 2%, and then mixed powder A and mixed powder B are placed in a vacuum environment at 30 degrees Celsius and cooled for 1 hour;

[0032] Step four, mixed powder A and mixed powder B are respectively placed in a press, and 5% of paraffin wax is respectively added as a binder after mixed powder A and mixed powder B are respectively placed in the press, and mixed powder A and mixed powder B are respectively pressed into sheet-shaped composite powder A and sheet-shaped composite powder B under a pressure of 200 megapascals;

[0033] Step five, the sheet-shaped composite powder A is placed in a high-temperature sintering furnace, the high-temperature sintering furnace is vacuumized when sintering, the temperature in the high-temperature sintering furnace is increased by 50 degrees Celsius per hour until 100 degrees Celsius, the sheet-shaped composite powder A needs to be kept at 100 degrees Celsius for 2 hours, then chromium is placed in the high-temperature sintering furnace, the temperature in the high-temperature sintering furnace is increased by 100 degrees Celsius per hour, then the sheet-shaped composite powder A is sintered with sulfur for 2 hours, the sheet-shaped composite powder B is added to the high-temperature sintering furnace, after the sheet-shaped composite powder B is added to the high-temperature sintering furnace, it is kept at 500 degrees Celsius for 2 hours, then the sheet-shaped composite powder A and the sheet-shaped composite powder B are sintered at a temperature increased by 70 degrees Celsius per hour, during the sintering process, vanadium is added every 30 minutes, after sintering for 3 hours, a sintered product A is formed, the sintered product A is cooled to room temperature along with the high-temperature sintering furnace;

[0034] Step six, the sintered product A is placed in a high-temperature melting furnace and heat-treated at 800 degrees Celsius for 3-3.5 hours to obtain a composite solution A;

[0035] Step seven, the pre-oxidized composite solution A is placed in a carbonization furnace containing inert gas, the inert gas is helium or neon, and is oxidized at 500 degrees Celsius for 3 hours, and the temperature is increased by 5 degrees Celsius every 1 minute, and carbonization is completed, to obtain a dense bulk composite base material.

[0036] Example two:

[0037] The embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of an environment-friendly wear-resistant high polymer material, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step one, white carbon black powder and aluminum powder are placed in a high-speed ball mill, and 30% of solid naphthenic oil is added to the internal volume of the high-speed ball mill, the ball milling speed is 120 revolutions per minute, the ball milling time is 1.5 hours, the diameter of the composite ball of the high-speed ball mill is 15 millimeters, the ratio of the white carbon black powder to the aluminum powder is 1:1.5, 1% of the volume of carbon powder is added to the high-speed ball mill every 0.5 hours, and finally 150-mesh mixed powder A is generated, and the mixed powder A is taken out and placed in a vacuum tank and kept still at 30 degrees Celsius;

[0039] Step two, tungsten, polyurethane and ceramic powder are placed in a high-speed ball mill, 30% of high-carbon alcohol is added to the internal volume of the high-speed ball mill, the ball milling speed is 120 revolutions per minute, the ball milling time is 12 hours, and vanadium is added to the high-speed ball mill every 5 hours, and finally 120-mesh mixed powder B is obtained;

[0040] Step three, the mixed powder A and the mixed powder B are respectively placed in a negative pressure drying chamber, the negative pressure drying chamber is dried at 150 degrees Celsius for 3 hours, so that the water content of the mixed powder A and the mixed powder B is reduced to 3%, and then the mixed powder A and the mixed powder B are cooled in a vacuum environment at 35 degrees Celsius for 2 hours.

[0041] Step 4: Place mixed powder A and mixed powder B into the press respectively. After placing mixed powder A and mixed powder B into the press respectively, add 10% paraffin wax as a binder. Press mixed powder A and mixed powder B into sheet composite powder A and sheet composite powder B respectively under a pressure of 250 MPa.

[0042] Step 5: Place the flake composite powder A in a high-temperature sintering furnace. During sintering, the furnace must be evacuated to a vacuum state. The internal temperature of the furnace is increased by 50 degrees Celsius per hour until it reaches 120 degrees Celsius. The flake composite powder A needs to be held at 120 degrees Celsius for 3 hours. Then, place chromium in the furnace. After the internal temperature of the furnace is increased by 100 degrees Celsius per hour, sinter the flake composite powder A with sulfur for 2.5 hours. Add flake composite powder B to the furnace. After adding B, hold the furnace at 550 degrees Celsius for 3 hours. Then, sinter the flake composite powder A and B at a temperature that increases by 80 degrees Celsius per hour. During the sintering process, add vanadium every 30 minutes. After sintering for 3.5 hours, sintered material A is formed. Sintered material A is then cooled to room temperature with the furnace.

[0043] Step 6: Place the sintered material A in a high-temperature melting furnace and heat-treat it at 1000 degrees Celsius for 3.5 hours to obtain composite solution A;

[0044] Step 7: Place the pre-oxidized composite solution A in a carbonization furnace containing an inert gas, such as helium or neon, and oxidize it at 500 degrees Celsius for 4 hours, increasing the temperature by 5 degrees Celsius every minute to complete the carbonization and obtain a dense bulk composite base material.

[0045] Based on Examples 1 and 2, the tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, and abrasion resistance of the materials synthesized according to the method were tested, and the results are shown in the table below:

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] As the carbon alcohol value increases, the tensile strength and hardness of the material gradually increase, while the elongation at break gradually decreases, and the wear resistance gradually improves. As can be seen from the previous analysis, the increase in the carbon alcohol value leads to an increase in free -NCO groups, which can react with water and -N.CO.O. bonds in the ester polyol aqueous dispersion to generate -NH-CO.NH-, which increases the hydrogen bond index and thus improves the mechanical properties.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an environmentally friendly and wear-resistant polymer material, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the white carbon black powder and aluminum powder together in a high-speed ball mill, and add 15-30% of the volume of solid naphthenic oil inside the high-speed ball mill. Ball mill at a speed of 80-120 rpm for 1-1.5 hours. Add carbon powder of 1% volume of the high-speed ball mill every 0.2-0.5 hours to finally produce a mixed powder A of 120-150 mesh. Take out the mixed powder A and place it in a vacuum tank to stand at 20-30 degrees Celsius. Step 2: Place tungsten, polyurethane powder, and ceramic powder into the high-speed ball mill and ball mill them at a speed of 100-120 revolutions per minute for 10-12 hours. Then, add vanadium into the high-speed ball mill every 5 hours to finally obtain a mixed powder B with a mesh size of 100-120. Step 3: Place mixed powder A and mixed powder B separately in a negative pressure drying chamber, and then place mixed powder A and mixed powder B in a vacuum environment at 30-35 degrees Celsius to cool for 1-2 hours. Step 4: Place mixed powder A and mixed powder B into a press and press them into sheet-like composite powder A and sheet-like composite powder B under a pressure of 200-250 MPa. Step 5: Place the flake composite powder A in a high-temperature sintering furnace. Increase the internal temperature of the high-temperature sintering furnace by 50 degrees Celsius per hour until it reaches 100-120 degrees Celsius. Then place chromium in the high-temperature sintering furnace. After the internal temperature of the high-temperature sintering furnace is increased by 100 degrees Celsius per hour, sinter the flake composite powder A with sulfur for 2-2.5 hours. Add the flake composite powder B to the high-temperature sintering furnace. Then sinter the flake composite powder A and flake composite powder B at a temperature that is increased by 70-80 degrees Celsius per hour. After sintering for 3-3.5 hours, sintered material A is formed. Sintered material A is cooled to room temperature with the high-temperature sintering furnace. Step 6: Place the sintered material A in a high-temperature melting furnace and heat-treat it at 800-1000 degrees Celsius for 3-3.5 hours to obtain composite solution A; Step 7: Place the pre-oxidized composite solution A in a carbonization furnace containing inert gas and oxidize it at 500 degrees Celsius for 3-4 hours, increasing the temperature by 5 degrees Celsius every minute until carbonization is complete, resulting in a dense bulk composite base material.

2. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly wear-resistant polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the diameter of the composite balls in the high-speed ball mill is 10-15 mm, and the ratio of white carbon black powder to aluminum powder is 1:1.

5.

3. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly wear-resistant polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, 15-30% of high-carbon alcohol is added to the inside of the high-speed ball mill.

4. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly wear-resistant polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the negative pressure drying chamber is used to dry the mixture at 100-150 degrees Celsius for 1-3 hours, reducing the moisture content of mixed powder A and mixed powder B to 2-3%.

5. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly wear-resistant polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, after mixing powder A and mixing powder B are placed in the press, 5-10% paraffin wax is added as a binder for each.

6. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly wear-resistant polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step five, the interior of the high-temperature sintering furnace must be evacuated to a vacuum state during sintering.

7. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly wear-resistant polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step five, the sheet-like composite powder A needs to be kept at 100-120 degrees Celsius for 2-3 hours.

8. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly wear-resistant polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step five, after the flake composite powder B is added to the high-temperature sintering furnace, it is kept at 500-550 degrees Celsius for 2-3 hours.

9. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly wear-resistant polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step five, vanadium is added every 30 minutes during the sintering process.

10. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly wear-resistant polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step seven, the inert gas is helium or neon.

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