An ultra-light thermal insulation material based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming ultra-light thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof, belong to building thermal insulation material technical field.The ultra-light thermal insulation material based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming of the application, by weight parts, including the following components: light-burned magnesium oxide: 28-37 parts, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 18-26 parts, foaming agent: 3.6-5.4 parts, thickening agent: 4.1-5.7 parts, modifier: 0.1-0.4 parts, hydrogen peroxide: 1.5-2.3 parts, potassium iodide: 0.6-1.3 parts, water 45-58 parts.The light thermal insulation material of the application is greatly reduced to 60-80kg / m 3 , and 7d strength is greater than or equal to 100kPa, A-grade non-combustible, thermal conductivity is less than or equal to 0.038W / (m·K), effectively solve the problem that the specific gravity of existing cement-based thermal insulation material is high and thermal conductivity is large, greatly improve the popularization and application of cement-based thermal insulation material.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building insulation materials, and particularly relates to an ultra-lightweight insulation material based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Insulation materials are important material basis for building energy saving. Although new high-efficiency insulation materials such as aerogel and vacuum insulation panels have extremely low thermal conductivity, they have key problems such as high cost, complex construction and performance decay. Foamed polystyrene and other organic materials have good insulation effect, low price and convenient construction, and are widely used, but they are flammable and difficult to meet the A-class non-combustible standard, which poses a fire hazard. Cement-based insulation materials have the advantages of low cost and non-combustibility, and their thermal conductivity is 0.08-0.22 W / m·K, which is significantly higher than that of organic insulation materials (0.025-0.042 W / m·K). Moreover, the bulk density of cement-based insulation materials is much higher than that of organic insulation materials, which limits their application in actual engineering. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop new ultra-lightweight insulation materials that take into account ultra-low thermal conductivity and A-class fire safety, meet the building energy saving needs, and improve the fire safety of buildings. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application aims to provide an ultra-lightweight insulation material based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming to solve the problem that the bulk density and thermal conductivity of existing cement-based insulation materials are much higher than those of organic insulation materials, which limits their application in actual engineering.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0005] An ultra-lightweight insulation material based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming comprises the following components by weight: light-burned magnesium oxide: 28-37 parts, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 18-26 parts, foaming agent: 3.6-5.4 parts, thickening agent: 4.1-5.7 parts, modifier: 0.1-0.4 parts, hydrogen peroxide: 1.5-2.3 parts, potassium iodide: 0.6-1.3 parts, and water: 45-58 parts.

[0006] Optionally, the foaming agent is a mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate, animal protein and water, and the mass ratio of sodium dodecyl sulfate, animal protein and water is (1.8-2.3):(2.9-3.6):(93-97).

[0007] Optionally, the thickening agent is a mixture of xanthan gum and warm rubber, and the mass ratio of xanthan gum and warm rubber is (1.2-1.7):(0.7-1.6).

[0008] Optionally, the modifier is a mixture of malic acid and tartaric acid, wherein the mass ratio of the malic acid to the tartaric acid is (1.5-1.7):(2.3-2.9).

[0009] Optionally, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 30%.

[0010] A second object of the present application is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned super-lightweight thermal insulation material based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming, which comprises the following steps:

[0011] 1) uniformly mixing the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, the modifier and the water to prepare a magnesium sulfate solution;

[0012] 2) placing the light-burned magnesium oxide, the hydrogen peroxide, the potassium iodide and the magnesium sulfate solution in a blender and stirring them uniformly to obtain a magnesium oxysulfate cement slurry;

[0013] 3) uniformly mixing the foaming agent and the thickening agent, and then placing them in a stirring container and stirring them at a high speed to obtain a prefabricated foam;

[0014] 4) uniformly stirring the magnesium oxysulfate cement slurry and the prefabricated foam, standing for 15-20 min, and cutting to obtain the super-lightweight thermal insulation material based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming.

[0015] Optionally, the stirring time of the high-speed stirring in step 3) is 60-90 s, and the stirring rate is 800-1200 rpm.

[0016] The preparation mechanism of the present application is as follows:

[0017] The super-lightweight thermal insulation material is prepared by the physical-chemical synergistic foaming process, specifically by introducing hydrogen peroxide with self-generating gas capacity into the cement matrix to increase the number of closed pores in the cement matrix, so that it becomes a porous lightweight thermal insulation material. Then, the prefabricated foam is added and stirred uniformly. At this time, the hydrogen peroxide continues to release gas inside the cement slurry, on the one hand, causing the cement matrix to swell and optimizing its thermal insulation performance; on the other hand, further introducing gas into the prefabricated foam, causing it to swell again inside the cement slurry, realizing the homogenization control of the pore structure, and further realizing the super-lightweight design.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the super-lightweight thermal insulation material based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming has the following advantages:

[0019] 1) The super-lightweight thermal insulation material is prepared by the physical-chemical synergistic foaming process, and the obtained super-lightweight thermal insulation material has a significantly reduced mass of 60-80 kg / m 3, and 7d strength is greater than or equal to 100 kPa, A-grade non-combustible, thermal conductivity is less than or equal to 0.038 W / (m*K), effectively solving the problems of high bulk density and large thermal conductivity of the existing cement-based thermal insulation materials, greatly improving the popularization and application of the cement-based thermal insulation materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions and technical effects of the present application, several embodiments will be provided below, and it is obvious that the following description is only an embodiment and does not limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0021] The material ratios of the physical-chemical synergistic foaming based ultra-light thermal insulation materials of the embodiments 1-6 of the present application and the comparative examples 1-2 are respectively the material ratios of the ultra-light thermal insulation materials only physically foamed or chemically foamed based on the material ratio of the embodiment 1, and the specific ratios are shown in Table 1.

[0022] Table 1

[0023]

[0024] The physical-chemical synergistic foaming based ultra-light thermal insulation materials of the above embodiments 1-6 are specifically prepared by the following method:

[0025] 1) According to the raw material ratio of Table 1, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, modifier and water are uniformly mixed to prepare a magnesium sulfate solution;

[0026] 2) According to the raw material ratio of Table 1, light burned magnesium oxide, hydrogen peroxide and potassium iodide are placed in a stirrer with the magnesium sulfate solution prepared in step 2), and stirred for 120 s to make them uniformly mixed, to obtain a magnesium oxysulfate cement slurry;

[0027] 3) According to the raw material ratio of Table 1, the foaming agent and the thickening agent are uniformly mixed, and then placed in a stirring container and stirred at a stirring speed of 1000 rpm for 90 s to obtain a uniform and delicate prefabricated foam;

[0028] 4) The magnesium oxysulfate cement slurry of step 2) and the prefabricated foam of step 3) are fully stirred to make them uniformly mixed, and after standing for 15 min, the sample is cut into the required shape to obtain the physical-chemical synergistic foaming based ultra-light thermal insulation material.

[0029] The above comparative example 1 of the ultra-light thermal insulation material is specifically prepared by the following method:

[0030] 1) According to the raw material ratio of Table 1, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, modifier and water are uniformly mixed to prepare a magnesium sulfate solution;

[0031] 2) According to the raw material ratio in Table 1, the light-burned magnesium oxide and the magnesium sulfate solution prepared in step 2) are placed in a stirrer, stirred for 120 s, and mixed uniformly to obtain a magnesium oxysulfate cement slurry;

[0032] 3) According to the raw material ratio in Table 1, the foaming agent and the thickening agent are uniformly mixed, then placed in a stirring container, and stirred at a stirring speed of 1000 rpm for 90 s to obtain a uniform and fine prefabricated foam;

[0033] 4) The magnesium oxysulfate cement slurry of step 2) and the prefabricated foam of step 3) are fully stirred and mixed uniformly, and after standing for 15 min, the sample is cut into the required shape to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation material.

[0034] The ultralight thermal insulation material of the above Comparative Example 2 is specifically prepared by the following method:

[0035] 1) According to the raw material ratio in Table 1, the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, the modifier, and water are uniformly mixed to prepare a magnesium sulfate solution;

[0036] 2) According to the raw material ratio in Table 1, the light-burned magnesium oxide, hydrogen peroxide, and potassium iodide are placed in a stirrer with the magnesium sulfate solution prepared in step 2), stirred for 120 s, and mixed uniformly to obtain a magnesium oxysulfate cement slurry;

[0037] 3) The magnesium oxysulfate cement slurry of step 2) is allowed to stand for 15 min, and then the sample is cut into the required shape to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation material.

[0038] The bulk density, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity of the ultralight thermal insulation material test pieces based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming of Example 1-6 of the present application and the lightweight thermal insulation material test pieces of Comparative Examples 1-2 are tested according to the standard JG / T 266-2011 “Foamed Concrete” and the standard GB / T 10294-2008 “Determination of Steady Thermal Resistance and Related Properties of Thermal Insulation Materials by Guarded Hot Plate Method”. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0039] Table 2

[0040] Compressive strength (kPa) Container weight (kg / m 3 )]]> Thermal conductivity (W / (m-k)) Flame rating Class A non-combustible 1 61 109 0.036 Class A non-combustible 2 63 126 0.038 Class A non-combustible 3 66 116 0.035 Class A non-combustible 4 79 109 0.033 Class A non-combustible 5 75 121 0.036 Class A non-combustible 6 72 103 0.038 Comparative Example 1 Class A non-combustible 86 128 0.042 Comparative Example 2 Class A non-combustible 97 139 0.047 ​

[0041] As can be seen from Table 2, the bulk density of the ultralight thermal insulation material based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming obtained in Examples 1-6 can be as low as 60-80 kg / m 3 , the 7d compressive strength is ≥100 kPa, the combustion grade is A-grade non-combustible, and the thermal conductivity is ≤0.038 W / (m·K), which is much better than existing cement-based thermal insulation materials. Compared with Comparative Examples 1-2, the ultralight thermal insulation material based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming has advantages in bulk density and thermal conductivity. Compared with Example 1, the bulk density of Comparative Example 1 is 61 kg / m 3increased to 86 kg / m 3 , increased by 40.98%; the thermal conductivity increased from 0.036 W / (m·k) to 0.042 W / (m·k), increased by 16.67%. In the comparative example 2, compared with example 1, the bulk density increased from 61 kg / m 3 to 97 kg / m 3 , increased by 59.02%; the thermal conductivity increased from 0.036 W / (m·k) to 0.047 W / (m·k), increased by 30.56%. In summary, the bulk density and the thermal conductivity of the ultra-light thermal insulation material prepared based on the physical-chemical synergistic foaming method are superior to those of the material prepared by single physical foaming / chemical foaming.

[0042] The above only is the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A super-lightweight thermal insulation material based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming, characterized in that, By weight parts, including the following components: light-burned magnesium oxide: 28-37 parts, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 18-26 parts, foaming agent: 3.6-5.4 parts, thickening agent: 4.1-5.7 parts, modifier: 0.1-0.4 parts, hydrogen peroxide: 1.5-2.3 parts, potassium iodide: 0.6-1.3 parts, water 45-58 parts; The foaming agent is a mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate, animal protein and water, wherein the mass ratio of sodium dodecyl sulfate, animal protein and water is (1.8-2.3) :(2.9-3.6) :(93-97); The thickening agent is a mixture of xanthan gum and warm rubber, wherein the mass ratio of xanthan gum and warm rubber is (1.2-1.7) :(0.7-1.6); The modifier is a mixture of malic acid and tartaric acid, wherein the mass ratio of malic acid and tartaric acid is (1.5-1.7) :(2.3-2.9).

2. The ultra-lightweight thermal insulation material based on physical-chemical synergic foaming according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 30%.

3. Process for the preparation of the ultra-lightweight thermal insulating material based on the physical-chemical synergic foaming according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, Including the following steps: 1) Mix the magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, the modifier and the water uniformly to prepare a magnesium sulfate solution; 2) Put the light-burned magnesium oxide, the hydrogen peroxide, the potassium iodide and the magnesium sulfate solution into a blender and stir uniformly to obtain a magnesium oxysulfate cement slurry; 3) Mix the foaming agent and the thickening agent uniformly, then put them into a stirring container and stir at high speed to obtain a prefabricated foam; 4) Stir the magnesium oxysulfate cement slurry and the prefabricated foam uniformly, stand for 15-20 min, cut to obtain an ultralight thermal insulation material based on physical-chemical synergistic foaming.

4. The process for the preparation of a physical-chemical synergic foaming based ultra-light thermal insulating material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stirring time of high-speed stirring in step 3) is 60-90 s, and the stirring rate is 800-1200 rpm.

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