Split landing gear guide rod type diesel pile hammer and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of separate landing gear guide rod diesel pile hammer, including pile hammer tower and pile hammer, unhooking block is fixedly arranged on pile hammer, landing gear is also slidably supported on pile hammer tower, the sliding path of landing gear and the sliding path of pile hammer are parallel or consistent, landing gear can slide upwards from the top of cylinder hammer and over the top end of pile hammer;Landing gear is fixedly provided with pile hammer lifting hook that can hook pile hammer, cylinder hammer hook is also hinged on landing gear, cylinder hammer hook is fixedly connected with hammer hook swing bar, the one end of hammer hook swing bar is hingedly connected with unhooking swing bar, the outer end of unhooking swing bar corresponds with the position of unhooking block;The top crossbeam of pile hammer is provided with movable hammer lifting lock tongue, and the hammer lifting lock tongue corresponds with the pile hammer lifting hook.The application also discloses the construction operation mode of the guide rod type diesel pile hammer.The application not only can realize the automatic unhooking start of cylinder hammer, but also completely avoids the human-machine accident caused by pile hammer self-hitting, and is especially suitable for the sinking pile construction of large-scale foundation pile in complex terrain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a guide rod type diesel pile hammer for building pile foundation construction, and more particularly to a guide rod type diesel pile hammer with a detachable pile hammer starting and lowering frame that has a lifting and starting mechanism for the pile hammer. This invention also relates to a method for pile driving construction using this guide rod type diesel pile hammer. Background Technology

[0002] The guide rod type diesel pile hammer is a relatively typical traditional impact pile hammer. After long-term use and improvement, it has formed a series of standardized products and has received widespread attention and popularity in the market.

[0003] The existing guide rod type diesel pile hammer mainly consists of a piston body and a top crossbeam fixedly installed at both ends of the guide rod, and a landing gear and a cylinder hammer slidably supported on the guide rod. Since the main function of the landing gear is to lift and install the entire pile hammer and to start the guide rod diesel pile hammer, the landing gear is confined between the top crossbeam and the piston and slides up and down along the guide rod. When the pile hammer is lifted, the landing gear, dragged by the winch cable, meets the top crossbeam and lifts the pile hammer; when starting, the landing gear descends and the hammer hook first hooks the cylinder hammer. After the cylinder hammer reaches a certain height, the ground operator pulls the release lever on the landing gear via a rope, causing the hammer hook below the landing gear to separate from the pin in the cylinder hammer, allowing the cylinder hammer to fall freely, thus completing the start-up of the guide rod type pile hammer. However, as the application of guide rod type diesel pile hammers continues to expand, their striking energy is also increasing rapidly, and the weight of the pile hammer cylinder has increased to tens of tons. Such a huge cylinder hammer mass will inevitably generate great frictional resistance between the hammer hook and the cylinder hammer pin, making it very difficult and complicated to start the cylinder hammer by unhooking. It requires several people to pull the rope under the command of the commander to complete the start of the cylinder hammer by unhooking, or to add a special winch to drag the hammer hook starting rope to complete the start operation of the pile hammer.

[0004] Therefore, on November 20, 2020, the applicant applied for a Chinese patent entitled "Automatic Unhooking Device for Cylinder Hammer and Guide Rod Diesel Pile Hammer", patent number: 202022698305.8. In this patent, the extended end of the hammer hook swing rod, which is fixedly connected to the cylinder hammer hook, is hinged to a unhooking swing rod. When the cylinder hammer hook automatically hooks up the cylinder hammer and lifts it, the fixed unhooking block blocks the unhooking swing rod from moving upward, thus forcing the unhooking swing rod to drive the hammer hook swing rod and the cylinder hammer hook to disengage from the cylinder hammer pin, causing the cylinder hammer to fall and engage with the piston to complete the starting of the pile hammer. This starting process is achieved by the power of the main winch for lifting the hammer, which not only reduces human intervention and manual operation, but also realizes the automatic operation of unhooking the cylinder hammer. However, in this structure, the sliding range of the landing gear is still limited to between the top crossbeam and the piston body. During pile driving, the entire pile hammer is suspended on the pile frame by the landing gear and the steel cable on it. Therefore, during pile driving, the ground operators must pay close attention to the pile driving speed and adjust and control the amount of the main winch cable at any time. Otherwise, the landing gear will collide with the top crossbeam or the cylinder hammer body, which will not only reduce the striking energy of the diesel hammer, but also damage the hammer body components.

[0005] Especially as the geological environment for guide rod diesel pile driving becomes increasingly complex, and with the increase in pile hammer tonnage and impact energy, the existing structure that confines the landing gear between the top crossbeam and the piston body places high demands on operators and is prone to construction accidents. When the geological conditions are soft or complex, such as alternating layers of rock, quicksand, and silt, the pile may experience a sudden acceleration in driving when it enters a softer layer, resulting in a "pile slippage" phenomenon. At this time, the pile body and the pile hammer suddenly separate, the entire pile hammer loses support, and the pile hammer experiences a "self-impact" phenomenon where the cylinder hammer strikes the piston body. The impact energy of the cylinder hammer cannot be transferred to the pile, but is instead transmitted to the top crossbeam through the piston and guide rod, which in turn causes a violent collision impact between the top crossbeam and the landing gear. The violent impact force generated by the collision impact is then transmitted to the pile hammer tower through the steel cable. In mild cases, this can cause the steel cable to break and the tower to bend and deform, rendering it unable to work normally. In severe cases, it can cause the entire pile hammer tower to overturn, the pile hammer to fall to the ground, or even serious personnel and equipment safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, the technical problem this invention aims to solve is to provide a diesel pile hammer with a detachable lifting guide rod, which not only enables automatic disengagement and start-up of the cylinder hammer but also completely avoids human-machine accidents caused by the pile hammer's self-strike. This invention also provides a method for performing pile driving operations using this detachable lifting guide rod diesel pile hammer.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a separable landing gear guide rod diesel pile hammer, comprising a pile hammer tower and a pile hammer slidably supported on the pile hammer tower. The pile hammer includes two parallel guide rods, a piston fixedly connected to the lower end of each guide rod, and a top crossbeam fixedly connected to the upper end of each guide rod. A piston hammer is slidably mounted on the guide rods. A release block is fixedly mounted on the pile hammer. A landing gear is also slidably supported on the pile hammer tower. The sliding path of the landing gear and the sliding path of the pile hammer are... The paths are parallel or consistent, and the landing gear can slide upwards over the top of the pile hammer from above the cylinder hammer; a pile hammer hook that can hook up the pile hammer is fixedly installed on the landing gear, and a cylinder hammer hook for hooking up the cylinder hammer is also hinged on the landing gear. The cylinder hammer hook is fixedly connected to the hammer hook swing rod, and a release swing rod is hinged to one of the extended ends of the hammer hook swing rod. The extended end of the release swing rod corresponds to the position of the release stop block; a movable hammer lifting lock tongue is provided on the top crossbeam of the pile hammer, and the hammer lifting lock tongue corresponds to the pile hammer hook.

[0008] Furthermore, a hammer lifting latch is hinged on the top crossbeam via a latch support, and one extended end of the hammer lifting latch corresponds to the pile hammer hook, with a pull rope fastened to one extended end of the hammer lifting latch.

[0009] Furthermore, the lifting hammer latch is swayably supported on the latch support by the latch pin, and a latch return spring is installed between the latch pin and the latch support or end cover. The end cover is fixedly installed on the latch support.

[0010] Furthermore, a lifting hammer locking tongue is slidably mounted on the top crossbeam via a locking tongue support, and a locking tongue spring is installed between the lifting hammer locking tongue and the locking tongue support; a locking tongue eccentric rod is also hinged on the locking tongue support, the eccentric protrusion end of the locking tongue eccentric rod is in contact with the lifting hammer locking tongue, and a pull rope is fastened to the other end of the locking tongue eccentric rod.

[0011] Furthermore, a lifting hammer locking tongue is slidably mounted on the top crossbeam via a locking tongue support, a locking tongue spring is installed between the lifting hammer locking tongue and the locking tongue support, and a locking tongue wedge is also movably mounted on the locking tongue support, with the wedge-in inclined surface of the locking tongue wedge contacting the inclined surface of the lifting hammer locking tongue.

[0012] Furthermore, a lifting hammer latch is slidably mounted on the top crossbeam via a latch support, and a latch electromagnet is connected to the lifting hammer latch, which is installed on the latch support.

[0013] Furthermore, the landing gear includes a landing gear body, on which a slide rail guide groove is provided, and a steel cable pulley is rotatably supported on the landing gear body, wherein the center line of the axis of the steel cable pulley and the center line of the pile hammer hook are located on the same vertical plane.

[0014] Furthermore, the hinged end of the hammer hook swing arm is also provided with a swing limit support, which is set at a distance from the hinge axis of the disengagement swing arm; a hook hammer spring is installed between the hammer hook swing arm and the landing gear body, and a swing arm return spring is installed on the disengagement swing arm.

[0015] Furthermore, the unhooking block is installed on a block bracket, which is fixedly installed on the top crossbeam and / or piston of the pile hammer.

[0016] Furthermore, the pile hammer tower includes a tower body, on which two parallel sliding guide rails are fixedly installed. One sliding surface of the sliding guide rail forms a sliding pair with the pile hammer sliding guide plate of the pile hammer, and the other sliding surface of the sliding guide rail forms a sliding pair with the slide rail guide groove of the landing gear.

[0017] The present invention describes a method for pile driving using the aforementioned detachable landing gear guide rod diesel pile hammer, the pile driving method comprising the following steps:

[0018] (1) Install the pile hammer tower and the main winch; and wind the main winch steel rope around the tower pulley on the pile hammer tower;

[0019] (2) The landing gear is slidably supported on the corresponding sliding rail of the pile hammer tower, and the main winch steel rope is wound around the landing gear steel cable pulley through the tower pulley, so that the main winch can drive the landing gear to slide up and down along the corresponding sliding rail on the pile hammer tower.

[0020] (3) Lift the pile hammer and slide it on the corresponding sliding guide rail of the pile hammer tower, and position the pile hammer below the landing gear;

[0021] (4) Start the main winch to make the pile hammer hook on the landing gear slide down to below the pile hammer lifting lock tongue;

[0022] (5) Adjust the hammer lifting lock tongue on the pile hammer to the locking position, and lift the landing gear on the main winch so that the pile hammer hook on the landing gear hooks the hammer lifting lock tongue.

[0023] (6) Continue to lift the landing gear and slide the landing gear and pile hammer together along the pile hammer tower to the top section of the pile hammer tower.

[0024] (7) Use a crane or an auxiliary winch on the tower to lift the foundation pile and place the foundation pile under the pile hammer;

[0025] (8) Slide the landing gear and pile hammer down along the pile hammer tower to place the pile hammer stably on top of the foundation pile.

[0026] (9) As the landing gear continues to descend, after the release lever passes the release block on the pile hammer, the cylinder hammer hook on the landing gear hooks up the cylinder hammer of the pile hammer.

[0027] (10) The landing gear moves upward and drives the cylinder hammer body to move upward along the pile hammer guide rod. When the unhooking swing arm touches the unhooking block on the pile hammer again, it is blocked by the unhooking block. The unhooking swing arm forces the hammer hook swing arm and the cylinder hammer hook to swing around the hinge fulcrum, so that the cylinder hammer hook is disengaged from the cylinder hammer.

[0028] (11) Under the action of gravity, the cylinder hammer falls freely along the pile hammer guide rod, and the cylinder hammer hole of the cylinder hammer moves towards the piston to start the pile hammer.

[0029] (12) After the pile hammer is started, the cylinder of the pile hammer bounces up and down along the guide rod to complete the driving of the pile.

[0030] In this invention, since the landing gear is slidably supported on the pile hammer tower rather than on the guide rod of the pile hammer, the landing gear is no longer a component of the pile hammer. This structure breaks through the limited thinking that has been formed by those skilled in the art for a long time. On the one hand, this pile hammer structure without a landing gear can keep the pile hammer in close contact with the pile and always support it at the top of the pile. On the other hand, it isolates the force transmission path between the cylinder hammer and the landing gear and tower, ensuring the safety of the pile hammer and tower. At the same time, the length of the guide rod is no longer affected by the penetration length of the pile, thus simplifying the pile hammer structure and enhancing the structural rigidity and stability of the pile hammer. Meanwhile, the landing gear, which is slidably supported on the pile hammer tower, can slide upwards relative to the pile hammer, passing over the top of the pile hammer and reaching the top of the tower. This creates a structure that separates the pile hammer from the landing gear. This separate structure not only ensures that the pile hammer always acts on the top of the pile, but also prevents the powerful impact force of the pile hammer and its cylinder hammer from being transmitted to the landing gear cable and the tower. This isolates the pile hammer impact from the tower, completely avoiding the occurrence of pile hammer self-hitting and preventing damage to the pile hammer components and bending and overturning of the tower caused by "pile leakage". This not only effectively extends the service life of the pile hammer, but also avoids construction safety accidents.

[0031] Furthermore, because a movable hammer-lifting latch is installed on the top crossbeam of the pile hammer, and this hammer-lifting latch corresponds to the pile hammer hook on the landing gear, when the hammer-lifting latch of the pile hammer is adjusted to the locking position, the upward landing gear pile hammer hook can hook and lift the pile hammer to complete the lifting of the pile hammer; the landing gear also has a hinged hammer hook for hooking the cylinder hammer, and the hammer hook swing arm fixed to the cylinder hammer hook is hinged to the extended end of the hook swing arm. When the landing gear descends along the tower, the cylinder hammer hook can automatically hook the cylinder hammer under the action of gravity and lift it up. When the cylinder hammer is lifted to the disengagement block position... At this time, the fixed release block blocks the release lever from moving upward, forcing the release lever to drive the hammer hook lever and the cylinder hammer hook to swing and disengage from the cylinder hammer pin, causing the cylinder hammer to fall and engage with the piston to start the pile hammer. This starting process is achieved by the power of the main winch, which eliminates the need for manual pulling of the hammer hook lever to achieve the release operation, and also eliminates the need for additional dedicated release winch equipment. This reduces human intervention and manual operation, realizes the automatic operation of cylinder hammer release, and avoids safety accidents of start-up operators and equipment.

[0032] Parallel landing gear guide rails and pile hammer sliding guide rails are installed on the pile hammer tower, ensuring that the sliding path of the landing gear and the sliding path of the pile hammer are parallel or consistent. This guarantees the accurate realization of the two functions of lifting and starting the pile hammer, while also giving the tower a triple function of bearing the pile hammer, guiding the landing gear, and guiding the pile hammer. This construction method significantly reduces the dependence on operators for starting and operating the pile hammer, reduces labor intensity, avoids the "self-striking" phenomenon of the pile hammer during pile driving, effectively prevents human-machine safety accidents, and greatly improves the safety and reliability of pile hammer operation. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of the structure;

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the pile hammer tower in the embodiment shown;

[0037] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the landing gear in the illustrated embodiment;

[0038] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The image shown is a front view of the landing gear in the hook position;

[0039] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The left view;

[0040] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 A front view of the landing gear in the unhooked state;

[0041] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Front view of the pile hammer in the illustrated embodiment;

[0042] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The left view;

[0043] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of section B-B;

[0044] Figure 11 yes Figure 8An enlarged schematic diagram of the top structure of the pile hammer shown;

[0045] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Top view;

[0046] Figure 13 yes Figure 11 Cross-sectional view of the support structure for the center lifting hammer latch;

[0047] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the landing gear passing over the top of the pile driver;

[0048] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the landing gear hooking the pile hammer;

[0049] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another type of support structure for the lifting lock tongue of a pile hammer.

[0050] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of another support structure for the lifting lock tongue of the pile hammer;

[0051] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another type of support structure for the lifting lock tongue of a pile hammer.

[0052] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the piling hammer of the present invention in the working state of lifting the piling hammer;

[0053] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the piling hammer of the present invention in the state of hook hammer starting piling hammer;

[0054] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the piling hammer of the present invention in the piling operation state.

[0055] In the diagram, 1—pile hammer tower, 101—tower body, 102—slide rail connecting seat, 103—sliding guide rail; 2—hoisting cable; 3—landing gear, 301—landing gear body, 302—cable pulley, 303—slide rail guide groove, 304—unhooking swing arm, 305—swing arm return spring, 306—swing limit support, 307—cylinder hammer hook, 308—cylinder hammer hook pin, 309—hammer hook swing arm, 310—swing arm pin, 311—hook hammer spring, 312—pile hammer hook; 4—pile hammer, 401—Piston, 402—Cylinder hammer, 403—Guide rod, 404—Disengagement block, 405—Block bracket, 406—Pull rope, 407—Lock tongue pin, 408—Hammer lifting lock tongue, 409—Top crossbeam, 410—Pile hammer sliding guide plate, 411—Hammer lifting pin shaft, 412—Guide rod hole, 413—Lock tongue support, 414—Lock tongue return spring, 415—End cap, 416—Lock tongue spring, 417—Lock tongue wedge, 418—Lock tongue electromagnet, 419—Lock tongue eccentric rod; 5—Foundation pile. Detailed Implementation

[0056] like Figure 1 The illustrated detachable landing gear guide rod type diesel pile hammer has a pile hammer tower 1 composed of several tower sections vertically connected to each other. The pile hammer tower 1 adopts a common frame-type structural component. The pile hammer tower 1 stands on a traveling frame, and the main winch is also installed on the traveling frame. A tower pulley is installed on the top pulley frame of the pile hammer tower 1. One end of the winch cable 2 is wound around the drum of the main winch, and the other end of the winch cable 2 passes through the tower pulley and is wound around the steel rope pulley of the landing gear, thereby driving the landing gear 3 to move up or down.

[0057] The landing gear 3 is slidably supported on the pile hammer tower 1, and the pile hammer 4 is also slidably supported on the pile hammer tower 1. The lower end of the pile hammer 4 is fitted onto the top of the foundation pile 5 through a pile cap. The landing gear 3 can slide up and down along the pile hammer tower 1. The sliding path of the landing gear 3 coincides with the sliding path of the pile hammer 4 along the pile hammer tower 1, or they can be parallel to each other. The sliding paths of the landing gear 3 and the pile hammer 4 are the trajectory of their center of gravity. Since the landing gear 3 and the pile hammer 4 adopt a separate structure, the landing gear 3 can slide freely up or down over the top of the pile hammer 4. That is, the landing gear 3 can slide upward from above the cylinder hammer 402 (hook hammer position) through the top crossbeam of the pile hammer to the top pulley frame position of the pile hammer tower 1.

[0058] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the pile hammer tower 1 includes a tower body 101. Two sliding guide rails 103 are fixedly installed on the tower body 101 via a slide rail connecting seat 102. The two parallel sliding guide rails 103 are arranged along the height direction of the pile hammer tower 1. Sliding guide grooves 303, symmetrically arranged opposite each other on the landing gear 3, are slidably engaged with the inner surfaces of the corresponding sliding guide rails 103, forming a linear sliding pair with the corresponding sides of the sliding guide grooves 303 and the sliding guide rails 103. Pile hammer sliding guide plates 401, symmetrically arranged at opposite ends of the pile hammer 4, also form a linear sliding pair with the corresponding sides of the sliding guide rails 103.

[0059] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the landing gear 3's landing gear body 301 is formed by two side plates fixedly connected at a distance. Each side plate is bolted with two spaced-apart slide rail guide plates. Slide rail guide grooves 303 are provided on the slide rail guide plates, with the slide rail guide grooves 303 on the two side plates symmetrically arranged opposite each other. The slide rail guide grooves 303 are slidably engaged with the corresponding sides of the sliding guide rail 103 to form a sliding pair. A steel cable pulley 302 is rotatably supported at the upper end of the landing gear 3 via a pulley shaft, located between the two side plates. Pile hammer hooks 312 are fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of both side plates of the landing gear. In this embodiment, the pile hammer hooks 312 are welded from steel plates into an open slotted structure. A cylinder hammer hook 307 is hinged at the lower end of the landing gear 3 via a cylinder hammer hook pin 308, located between the two side plates of the landing gear. The cylinder hammer hook 307 is fixedly installed on the cylinder hammer hook pin 308, which is swayably supported on the landing gear side plate. Hammer hook swing arms 309 are fixedly installed on both extended ends of the cylinder hammer hook pin 308. One extended end of the hammer hook swing arm 309 is hinged to a release swing arm 304, and the other extended end of the hammer hook swing arm 309 is a counterweight. A swing limiting support 306 is provided at the hinged end of the hammer hook swing arm 309 and the release swing arm 304. This swing limiting support 306 is welded and fixed to the hammer hook swing arm 309, and the swing limiting support 306 is spaced apart from the hinge axis of the release swing arm 304 to control the relative swing amplitude between the release swing arm 304 and the hammer hook swing arm 309. A hook hammer spring 311 is tensioned and installed between the hammer hook swing arm 309 and the side plate of the landing gear body 301. This hook hammer spring 311 ensures that the cylinder hammer hook 307 reliably hooks the cylinder hammer of the pile hammer. A swing arm return spring 305 is tensioned and installed between the release swing arm 304 and the hammer hook swing arm 309 or the swing limit support 306, so that the release swing arm 304 can rest on the limit support 306. Figure 7 As shown, when the landing gear 3 descends and touches the release block 404 on the pile hammer 4, the release lever 304 lifts relative to the hammer hook lever 309, and the landing gear can continue to descend; when the landing gear 3 ascends and touches the release block 404, the release lever 304 is forced to drive the hammer hook lever 309 and the cylinder hammer hook 307 to swing clockwise around the hinge axis, so that the cylinder hammer and the cylinder hammer hook 307 disengage from each other, and the cylinder hammer falls freely and fits onto the piston to realize the start of the pile hammer.

[0060] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the pile hammer 4 includes a top crossbeam 409, guide rods 403, a cylinder hammer 402, and a piston 401. The top crossbeam 409 and piston 401 are respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of two parallel guide rods 403. A downward-opening pile cap is installed on the bottom surface of the piston 401, which is fitted onto the top of the foundation pile 5 during pile driving. The cylinder hammer 402 is slidably installed on the guide rods 403, and can slide up and down along the guide rods 403 to bounce and strike. A hammer lifting seat and a hammer lifting pin 411 are fixedly installed on the cylinder hammer 402. The hammer hook 307 on the landing gear 3 hooks onto the hammer lifting pin 411 on the cylinder hammer 402, which can lift the cylinder hammer 402. A pile hammer sliding guide plate 410 is fixedly installed on the same side of the top crossbeam 409 and the piston 401 base. The pile hammer sliding guide plate 410 is a snap-fit ​​mounting plate with two opposing sliding grooves. The pile hammer 4 is slidably supported on the sliding guide rail 103 of the pile hammer tower 1 through the pile hammer sliding guide plates 410 at the top crossbeam end and the piston end, respectively. Two parallel stop brackets 405 are fixedly installed between the pile hammer sliding guide plates 410 on the top crossbeam 409 and the piston 401 base. Each stop bracket 405 is equipped with a release stop 404 at the same height. Each release stop 404 corresponds to a release swing arm 304 on the landing gear 3. A hammer lifting lock tongue 408 is hinged on the top crossbeam 409 through a lock tongue support 413. A pull rope 406 is fastened to one of the extended ends of the hammer lifting lock tongue 408. The swing position of the hammer lifting lock tongue 408 can be adjusted by pulling the rope 406.

[0061] like Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, two symmetrically arranged locking tongue supports 413 are fixedly installed on the top crossbeam 409. The top crossbeam 409 has a U-shaped structure to form a passageway for the landing gear. The locking tongue supports 413 are located at the top of the guide rod 403, and the pile hammer sliding guide plate 410 is located at the opening end of the U-shaped top crossbeam 409. A rod-shaped lifting hammer locking tongue 408 is hinged to the locking tongue supports 413 via locking tongue pins 407.

[0062] like Figure 13As shown, the latch support 413 includes two vertical plates welded to the top crossbeam 409. A latch pin 407 is rotatably supported in the pin holes of the two vertical plates. A lifting latch 408 is fixedly installed on the latch pin 407 and is located between the two vertical plates of the latch support 413. An end cap 415 is bolted to the outside of the pin holes of the vertical plates. A spring hole for accommodating a latch return spring 414 is provided at the axis of the latch pin 407. The latch return spring 414 is a torsion spring, with one end fixed to the latch pin 407 and the other end fixed to the end cap 415 or the support plate. A latch swing limit block is also fixedly provided between the two vertical plates of the latch support 413 so that the lifting latch 408 can swing in both the vertical and horizontal directions. The extended end of the hammer locking tongue 408 is fastened with a pull rope 406. Pulling the pull rope 406 can make the hammer locking tongue 408 swing to a horizontal position. Releasing the pull rope 406 will cause the hammer locking tongue 408 to return to a vertical position under the action of the locking tongue return spring 414.

[0063] like Figure 14 As shown, when the pull rope 406 at one end of the hammer lifting tongue 408 is released, the hammer lifting tongue 408 swings to a vertical position under the action of the tongue return spring. The landing gear 3 can freely pass between the top crossbeam 409 and the two hammer lifting tongues 408, so that the landing gear 3 can travel up and down along the tower slide rail between the top of the cylinder hammer 402 and the top of the pile hammer tower 1.

[0064] Figure 15 As shown, pulling the rope 406 swings the hammer-lifting latch 408 to a horizontal position. The extended end of the hammer-lifting latch 408 rests on the latch swing limit block of the latch support 413, and the other end of the hammer-lifting latch 408 extends to the landing gear passage. When the landing gear 3 slides upward, since the hammer-lifting latch 408 corresponds to the hammer hook 312 on the landing gear, the hammer hook 312 happens to hook the hammer-lifting latch 408 on the corresponding side. At this time, if the landing gear 3 continues to move upward, it will hook the entire hammer 4 and slide upward together.

[0065] like Figure 16As shown in the figure, another support structure for the lifting hammer latch 408 is provided. In this structure, the latch support 413, which is fixedly installed on the top crossbeam 409, is provided with a latch sliding hole. The lifting hammer latch 408 can be slidably supported in the latch sliding hole of the latch support 413 in the horizontal direction. A latch spring 416 is also installed in the latch sliding hole. The latch spring 416 is a cylindrical helical compression spring. A latch eccentric rod 419 is also hinged on the latch support 413. The eccentric protrusion of the latch eccentric rod 419 is in contact with the outer end of the lifting hammer latch 408. A pull rope 406 is fastened to the outer end of the lever of the latch eccentric rod 419. When the pull rope 406 is released, the lifting hammer latch 408 retracts into the latch slide hole of the latch support 413 under the action of the latch spring 416. Pulling the pull rope 406 and the eccentric protrusion of the latch eccentric rod 419 pushes the lifting hammer latch 408 out of the latch slide hole of the latch support 413.

[0066] like Figure 17 As shown in the figure, another support structure for the hammer-lifting latch 408 is provided. In this structure, the latch support 413, which is fixedly mounted on the top crossbeam 409, is provided with a latch sliding hole. The hammer-lifting latch 408 can be slidably supported in the latch sliding hole of the latch support 413 in the horizontal direction. A latch spring 416, which is a cylindrical helical compression spring, is also installed in the latch sliding hole. A wedge-shaped groove is also provided on the latch support 413. The latch wedge block 417 is wedged into the wedge-shaped groove. The wedging inclined surface of the latch wedge block 417 slides in contact with the wedging inclined surface at the rear end of the hammer-lifting latch 408. When the pull rope 406 is released, the hammer-lifting latch 408 retracts into the latch sliding hole of the latch support 413 under the action of the latch spring 416. Pulling the rope 406 causes the wedge-shaped wedge block 417 to push the lifting bolt lock tongue 408 horizontally out of the lock tongue slide hole of the lock tongue support 413.

[0067] like Figure 18 As shown, another support structure for the hammer-lifting latch 408 is provided. In this structure, a latch support 413 fixedly mounted on the top crossbeam 409 has a latch sliding hole. The hammer-lifting latch 408 can be slidably supported in the latch sliding hole of the latch support 413 in the horizontal direction. A latch spring 416 is also installed in the latch sliding hole. The latch spring 416 is a cylindrical helical compression spring. A latch electromagnet 418 is also installed on the latch support 413. The latch electromagnet 418 is a push-pull type electromagnet. The push-pull end of the electromagnet is connected to the hammer-lifting latch 408. The hammer-lifting latch 408 can be controlled to extend or retract horizontally in the latch sliding hole of the latch support 413 through the latch electromagnet 418.

[0068] The operation method for pile driving using the above-mentioned detachable landing gear guide rod type diesel pile hammer includes the following steps:

[0069] 1. The pile hammer tower is hoisted and installed on the traveling frame, and then erected on the traveling frame. The main winch steel cable is wound around the tower pulley on the pile hammer tower. The main winch is also installed on the traveling frame, which is also equipped with power components and an operation control console.

[0070] 2. Use a crane to lift the landing gear and slide it onto the corresponding sliding rail of the pile hammer tower. At the same time, pass the main winch cable through the tower pulley and around the landing gear cable pulley, so that the main winch can drive the landing gear to slide on the corresponding sliding rail of the pile hammer tower through the winch cable.

[0071] 3. Use a crane to lift the pile hammer and slide it onto the corresponding sliding guide rail on the pile hammer tower via the pile hammer sliding guide plate, so that the pile hammer is located below the landing gear.

[0072] 4. Start the main winch to make the landing gear descend along the pile hammer tower, so that the pile hammer hook on the landing gear slides to the position below the hammer lifting lock tongue on the pile hammer.

[0073] 5. Adjust the hammer lifting latch on the pile hammer to the locking position, i.e., extend the hammer lifting latch into the sliding channel of the landing gear; start the main winch to slowly lift the landing gear, so that the pile hammer hook on the landing gear hooks onto the hammer lifting latch on the pile hammer, and the landing gear and pile hammer are hooked together. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 19 .

[0074] 6. Continue to lift the landing gear so that the landing gear hooks up the pile hammer and slides along the pile hammer tower to the top section of the pile hammer tower, so as to leave enough space for the column to be erected when lifting the foundation pile.

[0075] 7. Use a crane to lift the foundation pile to be driven into the ground and place the pile under the pile hammer.

[0076] 8. Slide the landing gear and pile hammer down the pile hammer tower until the pile cap on the bottom of the pile hammer is placed on top of the pile, so that the pile hammer is stably placed on top of the pile.

[0077] 9. The landing gear continues to descend. At this point, since the pile hammer is already on top of the foundation pile and cannot descend further, the landing gear disengages from the pile hammer and descends independently. The release lever hinged on the landing gear passes the release block on the pile hammer until the cylinder hammer hook on the landing gear touches the cylinder hammer and hooks the lifting pin on the cylinder hammer. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 20 .

[0078] 10. The main winch pulls the lifting frame upward, which in turn drives the cylinder hammer body on the pile hammer to move upward along the pile hammer guide rod. When it moves to a certain height, the unhooking swing arm touches the unhooking block on the pile hammer again. Due to the action of the swing limit support and the obstruction of the unhooking block, the unhooking swing arm forces the hammer hook swing arm and the cylinder hammer hook to swing clockwise around the hinge fulcrum, causing the cylinder hammer hook to disengage from the lifting pin on the cylinder hammer.

[0079] 11. When the cylinder hammer is unrestrained and under the action of gravity, it falls freely along the guide rod of the pile hammer. The cylinder hammer hole of the cylinder hammer fits into the piston, which compresses and ignites the air in the cylinder chamber, thus starting the pile hammer.

[0080] 12. After the pile hammer is started, the hammer body bounces and falls along the guide rod in a cyclical manner to drive the pile into the foundation. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 21 .

[0081] The above describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Many improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the basic principles of the present invention. For example, the hammer lifting latch and its supporting structure are not limited to the above embodiments, but can also be other extending and retracting structures. These extending and retracting structures allow the hammer lifting latch to extend into the landing gear passage and contact the pile hammer hook, or the hammer lifting latch to retract and exit the landing gear passage. The pile hammer hook is also not limited to the structure of the above embodiments, but can also be other conventional structures capable of hooking the hammer lifting latch. The hammer lifting latch can not only be movably supported on the top crossbeam, but can also be directly supported on the top of the pile hammer guide rod; and so on. All these improvements and modifications fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A separable landing gear guide rod diesel pile hammer, comprising a pile hammer tower (1) and a pile hammer (4) slidably supported on the pile hammer tower (1), wherein the pile hammer (4) comprises two guide rods (403) arranged parallel to each other, a piston (401) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide rods (403), a top crossbeam (409) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide rods (403), a cylinder hammer (402) is slidably disposed on the guide rods (403), and a disengagement block (404) is fixedly disposed on the pile hammer (4); characterized in that: The pile hammer tower (1) is also slidably supported by a landing gear (3). The sliding path of the landing gear (3) is parallel or consistent with the sliding path of the pile hammer (4). The landing gear (3) can slide upward over the top of the pile hammer (402) from above the cylinder hammer (402). A pile hammer hook (312) for hooking the pile hammer (4) is fixedly installed on the landing gear (3). A cylinder hammer hook (307) for hooking the cylinder hammer (402) is also hinged on the landing gear (3). The cylinder hammer hook (307) is fixedly connected to the hammer hook swing rod (309). A disengagement swing rod (304) is hinged to one end of the hammer hook swing rod (309). The extended end of the disengagement swing rod (304) corresponds to the position of the disengagement stop block (404). The top of the pile hammer (4) A movable hammer-lifting latch (408) is provided on the crossbeam (409), which corresponds to the pile hammer hook (312); the top crossbeam (409) is hinged to the hammer-lifting latch (408) through the latch support (413), one end of the hammer-lifting latch (408) corresponds to the pile hammer hook (312), and a pull rope (406) is fastened to one end of the hammer-lifting latch (408); the hammer-lifting latch (408) is swayably supported on the latch support (413) by the latch pin (407), and a latch return spring (414) is installed between the latch pin (407) and the latch support (413) or the end cap (415), and the end cap (415) is fixedly installed on the latch support (413). On the top crossbeam (409), a hammer-lifting latch (408) is slidably mounted on the latch support (413), and a latch spring (416) is installed between the hammer-lifting latch (408) and the latch support (413); a latch eccentric rod (419) is also hinged on the latch support (413), the eccentric protrusion end of the latch eccentric rod (419) is in contact with the hammer-lifting latch (408), and a pull rope (406) is fastened to the other end of the latch eccentric rod (419); on the top crossbeam (409), a hammer-lifting latch (408) is slidably mounted on the latch support (413), and a latch spring (416) is installed between the hammer-lifting latch (408) and the latch support (413); a latch spring (416) is also hinged on the latch support (413). The device is equipped with a locking tongue wedge (417), the wedge-in inclined surface of the locking tongue wedge (417) is in contact with the inclined surface of the lifting hammer locking tongue (408); the lifting hammer locking tongue (408) is slidably provided on the top crossbeam (409) through the locking tongue support (413), the lifting hammer locking tongue (408) is connected to the locking tongue electromagnet (418), the locking tongue electromagnet (418) is installed on the locking tongue support (413); the landing gear (3) includes a landing gear body (301), a slide rail guide groove (303) is provided on the landing gear body (301), and a steel rope pulley (302) is rotatably supported on the landing gear body (301), the center line of the axis of the steel rope pulley (302) and the center line of the pile hammer hook (312) are located on the same vertical plane;The hinged end of the hammer hook swing arm (309) is also provided with a swing limit support (306), which is positioned at a distance from the hinge axis of the disengagement swing arm (304); a hook hammer spring (311) is installed between the hammer hook swing arm (309) and the landing gear body (301), and a swing arm return spring (305) is installed on the disengagement swing arm (304).

2. The diesel pile hammer for the detachable landing gear guide rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unhooking block (404) is installed on the block bracket (405), which is fixedly installed on the top crossbeam (409) and / or piston (401) of the pile hammer (4).

3. The diesel pile hammer for the detachable landing gear guide rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pile hammer tower (1) includes a tower body (101), on which two parallel sliding guide rails (103) are fixedly installed. One side sliding surface of the sliding guide rail (103) forms a sliding pair with the pile hammer sliding guide plate (410) of the pile hammer (4), and the other side sliding surface of the sliding guide rail (103) forms a sliding pair with the slide rail guide groove (303) of the landing gear (3).

4. A method for pile driving construction using the guide rod type diesel pile hammer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The piling construction method includes the following steps: (1) Install the pile hammer tower and the main winch; and wind the main winch steel rope around the tower pulley on the pile hammer tower; (2) The landing gear is slidably supported on the corresponding sliding rail of the pile hammer tower, and the main winch steel rope is wound around the steel cable pulley of the landing gear through the tower pulley, so that the main winch can drive the landing gear to slide up and down along the corresponding sliding rail on the pile hammer tower. (3) Lift the pile hammer and slide it on the corresponding sliding guide rail of the pile hammer tower, and position the pile hammer below the landing gear; (4) Start the main winch so that the pile hammer hook on the landing gear slides down to below the pile hammer lifting lock tongue; (5) Adjust the hammer lifting lock tongue on the pile hammer to the locking position, and lift the landing gear on the main winch so that the pile hammer hook on the landing gear hooks the hammer lifting lock tongue. (6) Continue to lift the landing gear and slide the landing gear and pile hammer together along the pile hammer tower to the top section of the pile hammer tower; (7) Lift the foundation pile and erect it below the pile hammer; (8) Slide the landing gear and pile hammer down along the pile hammer tower to place the pile hammer stably on top of the foundation pile; (9) As the landing gear continues to descend, after the release lever passes the release block on the pile hammer, the cylinder hammer hook on the landing gear hooks up the cylinder hammer of the pile hammer. (10) The landing gear moves upward and drives the cylinder hammer to move upward along the pile hammer guide rod. When the unhooking swing arm touches the unhooking block on the pile hammer again, it is blocked by the unhooking block. The unhooking swing arm forces the hammer hook swing arm and the cylinder hammer hook to swing around the hinge fulcrum, so that the cylinder hammer hook is disengaged from the cylinder hammer. (11) Under the action of gravity, the cylinder hammer falls freely along the pile hammer guide rod, and the cylinder hammer hole sleeve of the cylinder hammer moves toward the piston to start the pile hammer. (12) After the pile hammer is started, the cylinder of the pile hammer bounces up and down along the guide rod to complete the driving of the pile.

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