A cartridge feeding and chain device for a machine gun cartridge loading machine and method of use

Abstract

A bullet chain feeding and discharging device for a machine gun bullet chain feeding machine and a use method thereof belong to the technical field of military automation. An opening at the end of a feeding mechanism is located above a bullet discharging mechanism. A bullet chain feeding mechanism is connected with the bullet discharging mechanism. A bullet chain discharging mechanism is connected with the lower part of the bullet discharging mechanism, is located below the bullet chain feeding mechanism, and is fixed by two side baffle plate fixing devices. A hand wheel of a bullet pushing mechanism is manually rotated. A bullet pushing plate of the bullet pushing mechanism is driven to reciprocate through a crank rod. When the bullet pushing plate moves to a rear end position, a bullet falls into the bullet pushing mechanism between side blocks. A bullet head faces forward, and a bullet tail faces backward. When the bullet pushing plate moves forward, the bullet is pushed into a chain feeding mechanism. The bullet pushing plate and a push plate of the bullet chain discharging mechanism move synchronously when bullet feeding is completed. The bullet chain discharging mechanism drives a bullet head pushing mechanism to discharge the bullet body outward, and bullet pushing is completed. The bullet chain feeding and discharging device for the machine gun bullet chain feeding machine provided by the application is compact, safe, and fast in the bullet chain feeding and discharging process, and can improve the production efficiency and production precision of products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of military automation technology, and relates to the automation technology of bullet loading chain, and particularly to a chain loading and unloading device and its usage method for machine gun bullet loading chain machine. Background Technology

[0002] While the production of ammunition loading machines has achieved a certain level of automation, accurately and smoothly loading bullets into the ammunition belt remains a key consideration. This requires ensuring both precise matching between the bullet and the belt, and smooth transitions between each cycle. Currently, product characteristics are often not fully considered during the design phase, such as the impact of belt thickness on the loading position. A more comprehensive consideration of the structural characteristics of the product being processed is essential for better designing the processing equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a bullet loading and unloading device and method for a machine gun ammunition loading machine. It can realize functions such as automatic bullet loading and automatic ammunition belt unloading, with a high degree of automation, high efficiency, smooth and tight cycle connection, and stable and reliable bullet loading, achieving orderly and rapid unloading.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A bullet loading and unloading device for a machine gun ammunition loading machine, comprising a bullet unloading mechanism 1, a loading mechanism 2, a unloading mechanism 3, and a feeding mechanism 4. The feeding mechanism 4 has its end opening located above the bullet unloading mechanism 1. The loading mechanism 2 is connected to the bullet unloading mechanism 1. The unloading mechanism 3 is connected to the lower part of the bullet unloading mechanism 1, located below the loading mechanism 2, and its position is fixed by two side baffles.

[0005] The ejection mechanism 1 includes a handwheel 1-1, a support plate 1-2, a crank rod 1-3, a pusher plate 1-4, two side stops 1-5, and a deflector plate 1-6. Specifically: The support plate 1-2 is arranged vertically, the handwheel 1-1 is installed on one side of the support plate 1-2, and the push plate 1-4 is also arranged vertically on the other side of the support plate 1-2.

[0006] The push plate 1-4 is an integrated structure, including a longitudinal plate 1-4-1 and a top horizontal plate 1-4-2. The longitudinal plate has a "7"-shaped structure, including a horizontal and a vertical part: the front end of the horizontal part has a notch 1-4-4 with an arc (contour arc) to ensure that it can only receive one bullet at a time. The top horizontal plate 1-4-2 is located above the horizontal part, and the front end of the top horizontal plate 1-4-2 is located at the notch 1-4-4. The front end of the horizontal plate has a smooth transition. The top horizontal plate 1-4-2 cooperates with the front baffle 4-1 of the feeding mechanism 4 (the top horizontal plate is located below the front baffle 4-1). The end of the push plate 1-4 with the notch is in contact with the gap between the two side blocks 1-5. The bullet-pushing stop 1-4-6 is mounted on the longitudinal plate 1-4-1 with screws, located below the rear end of the top horizontal plate 1-4-2. It is used to push the bullet forward during the reciprocating motion of the bullet-pushing plate 1-4. Specifically, during the bullet-pushing process: the bullet-pushing plate 1-4 adjusts the horizontal position of the bullet, and the bullet-pushing stop 1-4-6 propels the bullet forward to the bullet-pushing slot. A mounting plate 1-4-5 is located below the bullet-discharging mechanism 1, used to fix it to the lower push plate 3-2 with screws. The bullet-discharging mechanism 1 has a longitudinal through hole 1-4-3, which is connected to one side of the crank rod 1-3 via a self-lubricating bearing. The other side of the crank rod 1-3 is connected to the handwheel shaft of the handwheel 1-1 via a flat key. The lead screw bearing seat of the handwheel 1-1 is connected to the support plate 1-2 with screws. The side with the longitudinal through hole 1-4-3 is defined as the rear end of the device, and the side with the notch 1-4-4 is defined as the front end of the device.

[0007] Two inclined side blocks 1-5 are arranged at the front end of the other side of the support plate 1-2 and are fixedly connected to the support plate 1-2 by screws. The two side blocks 1-5 are symmetrically arranged with a gap in the middle as a pusher groove. The front end of the side block 1-5 is in contact with the deflector plate 1-6. Both sides are connected to the side plate by screws. The deflector plate 1-6 has an inverted "U" shaped structure.

[0008] Turning the handwheel 1-1 causes the crank lever 1-3 to utilize the working principle of the cam mechanism to rotate and translate, driving the push plate 1-4 to reciprocate along the push groove between the two side blocks 1-5. The inclined surfaces of the two side blocks 1-5 and the push groove are used to load the bullets to be pushed.

[0009] The winding mechanism 2 includes a winding cover plate 2-1, a spring release seat 2-2, and a pressure spring 2-3. Specifically: The upper chain cover 2-1 is a horizontally arranged plate structure. One end of it is connected to the bullet stop plate 1-6 by a pull ring pin to fix its position, and the other end is connected to the bullet release seat 2-2 below it by a spring hinge. The upper chain cover 2-1 connected to the bullet stop plate 1-6 has a slot. Two pressure springs 2-3 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the slot with screws. They have moderate elasticity and are used to fix the horizontal position of the bullet chain to be loaded, so as to prevent the bullet chain from jamming due to the bullet chain tilting. At the same time, they will not obstruct the bullet chain loading and unloading process. That is, the pressure springs 2-3 can press down the cartridge case 5-1 of the bullet chain 5 during use. The cartridge case 5-1 is a standard part.

[0010] The cartridge holder 2-2 is an integral structure, including two horizontal plates, one above the other, with the same width. The length of the top horizontal plate 2-2-1 is shorter than that of the bottom horizontal plate 2-2-2. The bottom horizontal plate 2-2-2 has a cartridge groove 2-2-3. The rear end of the top horizontal plate 2-2-1 is connected to the bottom horizontal plate 2-2-2 via a vertical plate. The front end of the bottom horizontal plate 2-2-2 has an opening structure 2-2-7 for the cartridge holder 3-1 to pass through. This opening structure 2-2-7 is located directly below the compression spring 2-3. The bottom horizontal plate 2-2-2 has a two-stage stepped structure that matches the outer dimensions of the cartridge case 5-1, serving as the cartridge groove 2-2-3. There is a protrusion in front of the top horizontal plate 2-2-1. The two sides of the protrusion are beveled and rounded. The upper surface of the protrusion is on the same plane as the upper surface of the top horizontal plate 2-2-1. The vertical distance from the lower surface of the protrusion to the upper surface of the cartridge groove 2-2-3 on the lower horizontal plate 2-2-2 matches the size of the small end of the cartridge case 5-1. There is a "U" shaped groove between the top horizontal plate 2-2-1 and the cartridge groove 2-2-3. The vertical distance of this groove matches the size of the bullet head. The bullet head can pass through and cooperate with the compression spring 2-3 to lock the cartridge case 5-1, thereby fixing the position of the ammunition belt. This avoids the phenomenon of the bullet shifting in the ammunition belt after loading and the ammunition belt getting stuck in the cartridge groove in the cartridge holder 2-2 due to the inconsistent front and rear positions of the ammunition belt. This ensures that the ammunition belt is neat after loading. The lower horizontal plate 2-2-2 has a first block-shaped protrusion 2-2-4 on one side of its front end. The top surface of the protrusion is flush with the top horizontal plate 2-2-1 and has a chamfered edge on the loading side. This protrusion supports the upper chain cover plate 2-1 and works with the cartridge groove 2-2-3 to adjust the attitude of the cartridge chain. Vertical plates 2-2-5 are located downwards on both sides of the lower horizontal plate 2-2-2. The vertical plates 2-2-5 have mounting holes 2-2-6 for mounting the detonator shaft, which passes through two through holes 3-1-2 inside the cartridge detonator 3-1 and engages with it. The cartridge chain 5 is loaded onto the lower horizontal plate 2-2-2 along its width, and the cartridge case 5-1 is secured in the cartridge groove 2-2-3 between the upper and lower horizontal plates. The side where the cartridge chain is loaded has a chamfered edge 2-2-8, which, in conjunction with the beveled and rounded corner treatment of the protrusion on the top horizontal plate 2-2-1, reduces jamming when the cartridge chain is loaded into the upper chain mechanism 2.

[0011] The chain-following mechanism 3 includes a pusher head 3-1, a push plate 3-2, a slider 3-3, a guide rail 3-4, a guide rail mounting plate 3-5, and a first base plate 3-6. Specifically: The push plate 3-2 is a horizontally arranged plate structure with a guide groove 3-2-1 on it as the sliding trajectory of the push head 3-1. The push plate 3-2 is located below the push plate 1-4 and has the same working cycle and stroke distance as the push plate 1-4.

[0012] The ejector head 3-1 is a block structure. It is mounted below the ejector seat 2-2 via an ejector shaft, allowing it to move only in a direction perpendicular to the ejection direction. The bottom of the ejector head 3-1 has a columnar protrusion 3-1-1 for mounting a ball bearing. The ball bearing engages with a guide groove 3-2-1, allowing it to slide back and forth on the guide groove 3-2-1. The block structure has a through hole 3-1-2 for the sliding bearing to pass through. The top of the block structure is provided with a second block protrusion 3-1-3. The working stroke of the second block protrusion 3-1-3 is within the size range of the opening structure 2-2-7 of the cartridge holder 2-2. The lower side of the second block protrusion 3-1-3 is provided with a slope 3-1-4. The second block protrusion 3-1-3 cooperates with the opening structure below the cartridge belt 5. The horizontal plane below the slope 3-1-4 is on the same horizontal plane as the upper surface of the lower horizontal plate 2-2-2. When the cartridge case 5-1 is not loaded with a bullet, the second block protrusion 3-1-3 does not contact the cartridge belt 5. After the cartridge case 5-1 is loaded with a bullet, the bullet fits against the slope 3-1-4. Then the cartridge holder 3-1 feeds in the direction of bullet ejection. The slope 3-1-4 moves the loaded bullet body to the next working position.

[0013] The guide rail mounting plate 3-5 and the first base plate 3-6 are fixedly connected by screws. The first base plate 3-6 serves to fix the position. Both are connected to the side baffle by screws. A guide rail 3-4 is installed on the guide rail mounting plate 3-5 and is connected to it by screws. The slider 3-3 is installed below the lower push plate 3-2 by screws and cooperates with the guide rail 3-4 installed on the guide rail mounting plate 3-5 to provide a translational track for the lower push plate 3-2 and the push plate 1-4, limiting them to a single horizontal feed direction.

[0014] When the handwheel 1-1 is turned, the lower push plate 3-2 will reciprocate along the ejection direction together with the push plate 1-4. At the same time, when the handwheel 1-1 is turned, the bullet-picking head 3-1 is constrained by the cooperation with the guide groove 3-2-1 in the lower push plate 3-2, and also cooperates with the two picking head shafts. As the position in the guide groove 3-2-1 changes, the position of the bullet-picking head 3-1 along the loading direction is fixed, and it makes periodic reciprocating sliding along the picking head shaft, thereby picking the bullet body of the chained bullet out of the machine gun ammunition loading machine. When the ammunition belt to be loaded is not loaded with bullets, the bullet-picking head 3-1 is located at the notch below it. When the chain is being ejected, it needs to push the loaded bullet body to perform the chain ejection. If the ammunition ejection mechanism is empty or has an empty stroke, the bullet-picking head 3-1 will perform an empty stroke because there is no bullet body in the cartridge case 5-1 of the ammunition belt to be loaded, and will not perform the chain ejection, thus avoiding the occurrence of an empty chain.

[0015] The feeding mechanism 4 includes an inclined hopper located above the ejector mechanism 1, with a front baffle 4-1 at the front end of the hopper. Specifically: The front baffle 4-1 and the bottom surface of the hopper are provided with a gap for the bullets to pass laterally, the size of which is sufficient to ensure that the bullets fall laterally one by one; the front baffle 4-1 is an integral structure, including a vertically arranged plate 4-1-1, a laterally arranged inclined plate 4-1-2, and a vertically arranged second bottom plate 4-1-3. The vertical arrangement plate 4-1-1 is used to block the bullets in the hopper to prevent them from leaking out. It is fixedly connected to the side baffle 6 on both sides by screws.

[0016] The inclined plate 4-1-2 is arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the inclined hopper, with a gap between them. This gap is designed to match the size of the bullets, allowing the bullets to pass through it one by one laterally.

[0017] The second base plate 4-1-3 has two protrusions 4-1-4 on both sides to catch the bullet tail after it falls. The inner side of the protrusions 4-1-4 is beveled to reduce the jamming between the bullet tail and the protrusions 4-1-4 during the pushing process. The dimension between the two protrusions 4-1-4 is larger than the width of the top horizontal plate 1-4-2 of the pushing plate 1-4, and the length of the bullet is greater than the width between the two protrusions 4-1-4 but smaller than the overall width of the front baffle 4-1. There is a gap between the second base plate 4-1-3 and the lower side block 1-5, the size of which allows the bullet head to pass through but the bullet tail cannot, thus ensuring that the bullet head remains forward.

[0018] The process of using a bullet loading and unloading device for a machine gun ammunition loading machine is as follows: Assume the sliding direction of slider 3-3 along guide rail 3-4 is the x-direction, and the perpendicular direction within the x-plane is the y-direction. Define the small end of the bullet as the front end and the large end as the rear end. The handwheel 1-1 of the unloading mechanism 1 is manually rotated, driving the push plate 1-4 to reciprocate along the x-axis via crank rod 1-3. When the push plate 1-4 moves backward to the rear end position, the bullet falls into the side stop 1-5 with the bullet head facing forward and the bullet tail facing backward. Then, when the push plate 1-4 moves forward, the bullet is pushed into the loading mechanism 2. Simultaneously, the lower push plate 3-2 moves synchronously with the push plate 1-4, driving the ejector head 3-1 to eject the bullet body outward, completing the ejection process. The specific steps are as follows: The bullet falling process: The bullet falls from the front baffle 4-1 of the feeding mechanism 4 to the notch 1-4-4 of the bullet ejection mechanism 1. The end of the bullet contacts the bullet ejection block 1-4-6 of the bullet ejection plate 1-4. The handwheel 1-1 is turned, and the crank 1-3 converts the rotation into translation, pushing the bullet ejection plate 1-4 forward. The bullet is pushed by the bullet ejection block 1-4-6. Since the bullet tail is blocked by the protrusion 4-1-4 of the front baffle 4-1 during the process of being pushed, the bullet head can move forward first, thus ensuring that the bullet tip is facing forward. During the process of pushing the bullet, the bullet attitude is gradually adjusted, and finally the bullet is parallel to the bullet ejection plate 1-4.

[0019] When the push plate 1-4 is pushed forward to its first extreme position, the bullet is pushed forward by the push block 1-4-6 and reaches the inclined surface of the two side blocks 1-5.

[0020] Turning handwheel 1-1 causes the push plate 1-4 to retract, and the bullet rolls into the push groove between the two side blocks 1-5. When the push plate 1-4 reaches its maximum retracted position, continue turning the handwheel. At this time, the push plate 1-4 pushes the bullet forward along the push groove between the two side blocks 1-5. When the push plate 1-4 reaches its maximum forward push position again: the bullet in the push groove between the two side blocks 1-5 is loaded into the waiting-to-be-loaded ammunition belt in the upper chain mechanism 2, completing the bullet-carrying process, that is, the bullet enters the ammunition belt 5 with the bullet head facing forward; at the same time, the second bullet completes the flattening process after falling, and the chain-setting mechanism 3 completes the bullet-picking process.

[0021] During the cartridge loading process: The cartridge case 5-1 to be loaded is placed horizontally in the cartridge holder 2-2 and fixed in a horizontal position by the compression spring 2-3, so that the small end of the cartridge case 5-1 is in contact with the cartridge groove 2-2-3 and the large end is in contact with the horizontal plate 2-2-2 below.

[0022] After the bullet enters the pusher groove between the two side blocks 1-5 during the falling process, the handwheel 1-1 is turned again. The pusher plate 1-4 will move horizontally from the maximum backward position in the direction of bullet penetration, pushing the bullet forward along the pusher groove between the two side blocks 1-5.

[0023] The bullet is propelled forward by the pusher plate 1-4 in the pusher groove between the two side blocks 1-5. It then moves through the "U"-shaped hole in the block plate 1-6 towards the loading belt 5-1, which is fixed in place by the compression spring 2-3. The bullet passes sequentially through the large and small end holes of the loading belt 5-1. When the pusher plate 1-4 reaches its maximum forward position, the bullet completely penetrates the loading belt 5-1. The bullet's tip mates with the small end hole of the loading belt 5-1, and the bullet's tail mates with the large end hole of the loading belt 5-1, completing the penetration process.

[0024] During the firing process: the firing head 3-1 changes the stroke of the inner slide groove 3-2-1 of the lower push plate 3-2, and is installed below the firing seat 2-2 through two firing head shafts. When the push plate 1-4 moves forward, the firing head 3-1 moves in the opposite direction of firing. When the push plate 1-4 moves backward, the firing head 3-1 moves in the direction of firing.

[0025] When the bullet completes the penetration process, i.e., when the push plate 1-4 is in its maximum forward position, the bullet release head 3-1 is in its initial position. Continuing to rotate the handwheel 1-1, the push plate 1-4 moves backward along the push groove between the two side blocks 1-5, simultaneously driving the lower push plate 3-2 connected below the push plate 1-4 to move backward. The bullet release head 3-1, constrained by its engagement with the sliding groove 3-2-1 in the lower push plate 3-2, moves horizontally along the two release head axes in the bullet release direction as its travel position changes. The bullet body in the unloaded ammunition belt 5-1 is pushed by the inclined surface 3-1-4 of the bullet release head 3-1, squeezing the compression spring 2-3 away from the penetration position and moving horizontally in the bullet release direction.

[0026] When the bullet-feeding head 3-1 reaches the limit of the bullet-feeding direction in the sliding groove 3-2-1 of the lower push plate 3-2, the ammunition belt 5-1 to be loaded is completely discharged from the bullet-penetrating area, and at the same time the next ammunition belt enters the bullet-feeding position, completing a single bullet-feeding operation.

[0027] Continue turning handwheel 1-1. When the push plate 1-4 moves in the direction of bullet insertion, the bullet-picking head 3-1 moves along the initial position of the two bullet-picking heads along the slide groove 3-2-1 in the lower push plate 3-2, passes through the hollowed-out area below the next bullet-picking chain, and connects to the next bullet-picking process.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The chain loading and unloading device for machine gun ammunition loading machines provided by this invention features a compact, safe, and fast chain loading and unloading process, which can improve product production efficiency and accuracy, and reduce enterprise manufacturing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (excluding the feeding mechanism). Figure 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of the push mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 (b) and (c) are three-dimensional views of the push plate 1-4 from different angles; Figure 4 (a) is a schematic diagram of the chain-up mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 (b) is a partial enlarged view of the trigger holder 2-2; Figure 4 (c) is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cartridge holder 2-2 and the cartridge belt; Figure 5 (a) is a schematic diagram of the chain arrangement mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 (b) is a partial enlarged view of the push plate 3-2; Figure 5 (c) is a partial enlarged view of the bullet head 3-1; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the feeding bin of the feeding mechanism (the key component is the front baffle). Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the spring belt.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Item ejection mechanism, 2. Chain loading mechanism, 3. Chain ejection mechanism, 4. Feeding mechanism, 5. Item chain, 6. Side baffle; 1-1 Handwheel, 1-2 Support plate, 1-3 Crank rod, 1-4 Push plate, 1-5 Side stop, 1-6 Stop plate; 2-1 Upper chain cover, 2-2 Picker seat, 2-3 Compression spring; 3-1 Picker head, 3-2 Lower push plate, 3-3 Slider, 3-4 Guide rail, 3-5 Guide rail mounting plate, 3-6 First base plate; 4-1 Front end baffle; 5-1 Cartridge case; 1-4-1 Longitudinal plate; 1-4-2 Top horizontal plate; 1-4-3 Longitudinal through hole; 1-4-4 Notch; 1-4-5 Mounting plate; 1-4-6 Pusher block; 1-4-7 Pusher block mounting hole; 2-2-1 Top horizontal plate; 2-2-2 Lower horizontal plate; 2-2-3 Spring groove; 2-2-4 First block-shaped protrusion; 2-2-5 Vertical plate; 2-2-6 Mounting hole; 2-2-7 Opening structure; 2-2-8 Chamfer; 3-2-1 Guide groove; 3-1-1 Columnar protrusion; 3-1-2 Through hole; 3-1-3 Second block protrusion; 3-1-4 Inclined surface; 4-1-1 Vertically arranged plate; 4-1-2 Inclined plate; 4-1-3 Second base plate; 4-1-4 Protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0033] Figure 1The diagram shows the overall structure of the bullet loading and unloading mechanism, which includes a bullet unloading mechanism 1, a loading mechanism 2, and a unloading mechanism 3. The loading mechanism 2 is connected to the bullet unloading mechanism 1, and the unloading mechanism 3 is connected to the lower part of both the bullet unloading mechanism 1 and the unloading mechanism 3, and is fixed in position by two side baffles.

[0034] Figure 2 The diagram shows a projectile-pushing mechanism, including a handwheel 1-1, a support plate 1-2, a crank 1-3, a projectile-pushing plate 1-4, side blocks 1-5, and a projectile-blocking plate 1-6. The handwheel 1-1 is mounted on the support plate 1-2. The projectile-pushing plate 1-4 is connected to the handwheel 1-1 via the crank 1-3 and cooperates with the side blocks 1-5. Rotating the handwheel 1-1 utilizes the principle of a cam mechanism that converts rotation into translation, causing the projectile-pushing plate 1-4 to reciprocate along the projectile groove between the two side blocks 1-5. The side blocks 1-5 and the projectile-blocking plate 1-6 are mounted on the support plate 1-2, and the gap between the two side blocks 1-5 serves as the projectile-pushing groove for loading the projectile to be pushed.

[0035] Figure 3 The diagram shows the upper chain mechanism, including an upper chain cover 2-1, a cartridge holder 2-2, and a pressure spring 2-3. The upper chain cover 2-1 is connected to the cartridge holder 2-2 via a spring hinge and to the cartridge stop plate 1-6 via a pull ring pin, serving to fix its position. The pressure spring 2-3 is installed inside the upper chain cover 2-1 and has moderate elasticity, which can fix the horizontal position of the cartridge chain to be loaded, preventing the cartridge chain from jamming due to the cartridge chain tilting, and also not obstructing the loading and unloading of the cartridge chain during the chain-laying process. The cartridge holder 2-2 has a chamfered edge on the side where the cartridge chain is loaded, reducing jamming when the cartridge chain is loaded into the upper chain mechanism. Additionally, there is a 1mm thickness difference between the two sides of the cartridge groove inside the cartridge holder 2-2 and the inner edge of the front end of the cartridge chain, which, together with the pressure spring 2-3, fixes the position of the cartridge chain, preventing the cartridge from shifting in position within the cartridge chain after loading due to inconsistent front and rear positions, ensuring a neat cartridge chain after loading.

[0036] Figure 4The diagram shows a chain-fed mechanism, including a pusher head 3-1, a lower pusher plate 3-2, a slider 3-3, a guide rail 3-4, a guide rail mounting plate 3-5, and a first base plate 3-6. The lower pusher plate 3-2 is installed below the pusher plate 1-4, and has the same working cycle and stroke distance as the pusher plate 1-4. The slider 3-3 is installed below the lower pusher plate 3-2 and cooperates with the guide rail 3-4 installed on the guide rail mounting plate 3-5, providing a translational track for the lower pusher plate 3-2 and the pusher plate 1-4, and restricting the direction of movement. When the handwheel 1-1 is rotated, the lower pusher plate 3-2 will reciprocate along the chain-fed direction with the pusher plate 1-4. The bullet-feeding head 3-1 is fitted with the sliding groove of the lower push plate 3-2 via a ball bearing and is mounted below the bullet-feeding seat 2-2 via two feed shafts. This allows it to only have translational movement perpendicular to the bullet ejection direction. When the handwheel 1-1 is rotated, the bullet-feeding head 3-1, constrained by its fit with the sliding groove in the lower push plate 3-2, slides periodically back and forth along the feed shaft as its position changes within the groove, thereby ejecting the chained bullets from the machine gun ammunition loading mechanism. When the ammunition belt to be loaded is empty, the bullet-feeding head 3-1 is positioned at the notch below it. During chain ejection, it needs to push the chained bullets to perform the chain ejection. If the ammunition ejection mechanism experiences an empty stroke or a blank stroke, the bullet-feeding head 3-1 will perform an empty stroke because there are no bullets in the ammunition belt to be loaded, and will not perform the chain ejection, thus avoiding the occurrence of an empty chain. The first base plate 3-6 is mounted below the guide rail mounting plate 3-5 to fix its position.

[0037] The working process of a bullet loading and unloading device for a machine gun ammunition loading machine is as follows: The worker puts a bullet into the slot between the two side blocks 1-5, and turns the handwheel 1-1. Assume that the sliding direction of slider 3-3 along guide rail 3-4 is the x-direction, and the vertical direction in its horizontal plane is the y-direction.

[0038] During the bullet pushing process, the bullet is pushed forward from the bullet pushing groove between the two side blocks 1-5 by the bullet pushing plate 1-4. The handwheel 1-1 of the bullet pushing system 1 rotates, which drives the bullet pushing plate 1-4 to reciprocate through the crank rod 1-3. The bullet pushing plate 1-4 pushes the bullet in the bullet pushing groove toward the chain loading mechanism 2.

[0039] The bullets are loaded into the ammunition belt within the chain-loading mechanism 2. The ammunition belt is fixed horizontally by a spring plate 2-3 to prevent jamming caused by the belt tilting. The feed holder 2-2 has a chamfered edge on the side where the ammunition belt enters, reducing jamming when the ammunition belt enters the chain-loading mechanism. Additionally, there is a 1mm thickness difference between the two sides of the feed groove in the feed holder 2-2 and the inner edge of the front end of the ammunition belt, which, together with the spring plate 2-3, fixes the horizontal position of the ammunition belt. This prevents the bullet from shifting position within the belt after loading and avoids jamming of the ammunition belt in the feed groove in the feed holder 2-2 due to inconsistent belt position, ensuring a neat ammunition belt after loading. The spring plate 2-3 has moderate elasticity, which can fix the horizontal position of the ammunition belt, preventing jamming caused by the belt tilting, and does not obstruct the loading and unloading of the ammunition belt during the chain-unloading process. Simultaneously with the completion of the chain-loading process, the chain-unloading mechanism 3 operates the chain-unloading process.

[0040] After the bullets are loaded into the chain, the bullet-picking head 3-1 of the chain-discharging mechanism 3 pushes the side of the loaded bullet in the chain towards the discharge side. The bullet-picking head 3-1 changes its stroke with the inner groove of the lower push plate 3-2 and is installed below the bullet-picking seat 2-2 through two picking head shafts, so that it only has the condition of reciprocating translation in the y direction. When the bullet-picking head 3-1 is not loaded into the chain, it is located at the notch below it. When discharging the chain, it needs to push the bullet that has been loaded into the chain to perform the chain discharging. If the chain discharging mechanism is empty or has an empty stroke, the bullet-picking head 3-1 will perform an empty stroke because there is no bullet in the chain to be loaded, and will not perform the chain discharging, thus avoiding the occurrence of an empty chain. The lower push plate 3-2 is installed below the push plate 1-4 and has the same working cycle and stroke distance as the push plate 1-4. The slider 3-3 is installed below the lower push plate 3-2 and cooperates with the guide rail 3-4 installed on the guide rail mounting plate 3-5 to provide a translational track for the lower push plate 3-2 and the push plate 1-4 and limit the direction of movement.

[0041] While the chain-setting mechanism 3 discharges the loaded ammunition chain, the next ammunition chain to be loaded is placed into the loading position of the chain-setting mechanism 2. After the chain-setting is completed, the handwheel 1-1 rotates, and the lower push plate 3-2 returns along the stroke with the push plate 1-4. The tug block 3-1 returns along the stroke from the lower notch below the next ammunition chain as its position changes in the groove inside the lower push plate 3-2, connecting to the next chain-setting cycle.

[0042] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the implementation methods of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bullet loading and unloading device for a machine gun ammunition loading machine, characterized in that, The bullet chaining device includes a bullet ejection mechanism (1), a chaining mechanism (2), a chain tracing mechanism (3), and a feeding mechanism (4); the end opening of the feeding mechanism (4) is located above the bullet ejection mechanism (1), the chaining mechanism (2) is connected to the bullet ejection mechanism (1), and the chain tracing mechanism (3) is connected to the lower part of the bullet ejection mechanism (1), located below the chaining mechanism (2), and the position of the device is fixed by two side baffles; The aforementioned ejection mechanism (1) includes a handwheel (1-1), a support plate (1-2), a crank rod (1-3), an ejection plate (1-4), two side stops (1-5), and an ejection deflector (1-6); specifically: The support plate (1-2) is arranged vertically, the handwheel (1-1) is installed on one side of the support plate (1-2), and the push plate (1-4) is arranged vertically on the other side of the support plate (1-2); The push plate (1-4) is an integrated structure, including a longitudinal plate (1-4-1) and a top horizontal plate (1-4-2); the longitudinal plate includes two parts, a horizontal and a vertical, in a "7" shape: the front end of the horizontal part has a notch (1-4-4) at the top, the notch is curved, and it can only receive one bullet at a time; the top of the horizontal part has a top horizontal plate (1-4-2), which cooperates with the front end baffle (4-1) of the feeding mechanism (4); the end of the push plate (1-4) with the notch (1-4-4) is connected to two side blocks ( The gaps between 1-5) are matched; the pusher block (1-4-6) is installed on the longitudinal plate (1-4-1) and located below the rear end of the top horizontal plate (1-4-2) to push the pusher plate (1-4) forward during reciprocating motion; the ejector mechanism (1) is provided with an mounting plate (1-4-5) below it, which is fixedly connected to the lower pusher plate (3-2); the crank rod (1-3) in the ejector mechanism (1) is connected to the handwheel (1-1); the side where the longitudinal through hole (1-4-3) is located is defined as the rear end of the device, and the side where the notch (1-4-4) is located is defined as the front end of the device; Two inclined side blocks (1-5) are fixed to the front end of the other side of the support plate (1-2); the two side blocks (1-5) are symmetrically arranged with a gap in the middle as a pusher groove, the front end of the side blocks (1-5) is in contact with the deflector plate (1-6), and both are connected to the side baffle plate, wherein the deflector plate (1-6) is an inverted "U" shaped structure; The winding mechanism (2) includes a winding cover plate (2-1), a spring holder (2-2), and a spring plate (2-3); specifically: The upper chain cover plate (2-1) is a horizontally arranged plate structure. One end of it is connected to the bullet stop plate (1-6), and the other end is connected to the bullet release seat (2-2) below it. The upper chain cover plate (2-1) connected to the bullet stop plate (1-6) has a slot. Two pressure springs (2-3) are symmetrically installed at the slot to fix the horizontal position of the bullet chain to be loaded. The pressure springs (2-3) are used to press down the cartridge case (5-1) of the bullet chain (5). The ejector base (2-2) is an integral structure, comprising two horizontal plates of equal width. The upper horizontal plate (2-2-1) is shorter than the lower horizontal plate (2-2-2), and the lower horizontal plate (2-2-2) has a cartridge groove (2-2-3). The rear end of the upper horizontal plate (2-2-1) is connected to the lower horizontal plate (2-2-2) along its length via a vertical plate, and the front end of the lower horizontal plate (2-2-2) has a cartridge slot (3) for the ejector head (3) to pass through. -1) has an opening structure (2-2-7), which is located directly below the compression spring (2-3). The lower horizontal plate (2-2-2) has a two-stage stepped structure that matches the outer dimensions of the cartridge case (5-1), serving as a cartridge groove (2-2-3). The top horizontal plate (2-2-1) has a protrusion in front of it. The upper surface of the protrusion is on the same plane as the upper surface of the top horizontal plate (2-2-1), and the lower surface of the protrusion extends to the lower horizontal plate (2-2-1). -2-2) The vertical distance of the upper surface of the upper cartridge groove (2-2-3) matches the size of the small end of the cartridge case (5-1). The top horizontal plate (2-2-1) and the cartridge groove (2-2-3) form a "U"-shaped groove, matching the size of the bullet head. The lower horizontal plate (2-2-2) has a first block-shaped protrusion (2-2-4) on one side of its front end. The top surface of the protrusion is flush with the top horizontal plate (2-2-1) to support the upper chain cover plate (2-1) and to match the cartridge groove (2-2-3). 3) Adjust the attitude of the bullet chain; the lower horizontal plate (2-2-2) has vertical plates (2-2-5) on both sides, and the vertical plates (2-2-5) have mounting holes (2-2-6) for mounting the dial shaft. The dial shaft passes through two through holes (3-1-2) in the dial head (3-1) and cooperates with it; the bullet chain (5) is arranged in the width direction on the lower horizontal plate (2-2-2), and the cartridge case (5-1) is stuck in the bullet groove (2-2-3) between the upper and lower horizontal plates.

2. The bullet loading and unloading device for a machine gun ammunition loading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top horizontal plate (2-2-1) of the cartridge holder (2-2) has beveled and rounded on both sides; the first block protrusion (2-2-4) of the lower horizontal plate (2-2-2) has beveled on the loading side; the lower horizontal plate (2-2-2) has beveled (2-2-8) on the side where the cartridge chain is fed, which works in conjunction with the beveled and rounded treatment of the top horizontal plate (2-2-1) to avoid jamming when the cartridge chain is fed into the upper chain mechanism (2).

3. The bullet loading and unloading device for a machine gun ammunition loading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chain conveying mechanism (3) includes a pusher head (3-1), a push plate (3-2), a slider (3-3), a guide rail (3-4), a guide rail mounting plate (3-5), and a first base plate (3-6); specifically: The push plate (3-2) is a horizontally arranged plate structure with a guide groove (3-2-1) on it as the sliding trajectory of the push head (3-1). The push plate (3-2) is located below the push plate (1-4) and has the same working cycle and stroke distance as the push plate (1-4). The ejector head (3-1) is a block structure. The ejector head (3-1) is mounted below the ejector seat (2-2) via an ejector shaft, allowing it to only perform translational motion perpendicular to the ejection direction. The bottom of the ejector head (3-1) has a columnar protrusion (3-1-1) for mounting a ball bearing. The ball bearing engages with a guide groove (3-2-1) and can slide back and forth on the guide groove (3-2-1). The block structure has a through hole (3-1-2) for the sliding bearing to pass through. The top of the block structure has a second block protrusion (3-1-3), the working stroke of which is within the opening structure of the ejector seat (2-2). Within the size range of 2-2-7), the second block protrusion (3-1-3) below has a slope (3-1-4) on one side: the second block protrusion (3-1-3) cooperates with the opening structure below the ammunition belt (5), and the horizontal surface below the slope (3-1-4) and the upper surface of the horizontal plate (2-2-2) below are on the same horizontal plane. When the cartridge case (5-1) is not loaded with bullets, the second block protrusion (3-1-3) does not contact the ammunition belt (5). After the cartridge case (5-1) is loaded with bullets, the bullets are attached to the slope (3-1-4). Then the bullet-pulling head (3-1) is fed in the bullet-pulling direction, and the slope (3-1-4) moves the loaded bullet body to the next station. The guide rail mounting plate (3-5) is fixedly connected to the first base plate (3-6) and connected to the side baffle; the guide rail (3-4) is installed on the guide rail mounting plate (3-5); the slider (3-3) is installed below the push plate (3-2) and cooperates with the guide rail (3-4) installed on the guide rail mounting plate (3-5) to provide a translational track for the push plate (3-2) and the push plate (1-4), limiting them to only a single horizontal feed direction.

4. A bullet loading and unloading device for a machine gun ammunition loading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (4) includes an inclined hopper located above the ejector mechanism (1), and a front baffle (4-1) is provided at the front end of the hopper; specifically: The front baffle (4-1) and the bottom surface of the hopper are provided with a gap for the bullets to pass laterally, the size of which is sufficient to ensure that the bullets fall laterally one by one; the front baffle (4-1) is an integral structure, including a vertically arranged plate (4-1-1), a laterally arranged inclined plate (4-1-2), and a vertically arranged second bottom plate (4-1-3): The vertical arrangement plate (4-1-1) is used to block the bullets in the hopper to prevent them from leaking out, and is fixedly connected to the side baffle on both sides. The inclined plate (4-1-2) is arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the inclined hopper, with a gap between them, which matches the size of the bullets so that the bullets can pass through the gap one by one laterally. The second base plate (4-1-3) has two protrusions (4-1-4) on both sides to hold the bullet tail after it falls. The inner side of the protrusions (4-1-4) is beveled. The dimension between the two protrusions (4-1-4) is greater than the width of the top horizontal plate (1-4-2) of the push plate (1-4), and the length of the bullet is greater than the width between the two protrusions (4-1-4) and less than the overall width of the front baffle (4-1). There is a gap between the second base plate (4-1-3) and the lower side block (1-5). The gap is large enough to allow the bullet head to pass through but not the bullet tail, ensuring that the bullet head remains facing forward.

5. A method of using the bullet loading and unloading chain device for a machine gun ammunition loading machine as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Assume that the sliding direction of the slider (3-3) along the guide rail (3-4) is the x-direction, and the vertical direction in the x-horizontal plane is the y-direction; define the small end of the bullet as the front end and the large end as the rear end; the handwheel (1-1) of the bullet ejection mechanism (1) is manually rotated, which drives the push plate (1-4) to reciprocate along the x-axis through the crank rod (1-3). When the push plate (1-4) moves backward to the rear end position, the bullet falls into the side stop (1-5) with the bullet head facing forward and the bullet tail facing backward. Then, when the push plate (1-4) moves forward, the bullet is pushed into the upper chain mechanism (2). At the same time as the loading is completed, the lower push plate (3-2) moves synchronously with the push plate (1-4), which drives the bullet ejector (3-1) to eject the bullet body outward, thus completing the bullet ejection.

6. The method of using the bullet loading and unloading device for a machine gun ammunition loading machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: The bullet falls from the front baffle (4-1) of the feeding mechanism (4) to the notch (1-4-4) of the bullet ejection mechanism (1). The end of the bullet contacts the bullet ejection block (1-4-6) of the bullet ejection plate (1-4). The handwheel (1-1) is turned, and the crank (1-3) converts the rotation into translation, pushing the bullet ejection plate (1-4) forward. The bullet is pushed by the bullet ejection block (1-4-6). Since the bullet tail is blocked by the protrusion (4-1-4) of the front baffle (4-1) during the process of being pushed, the bullet head can move forward first, thus ensuring that the bullet tip is facing forward. The bullet posture is gradually adjusted during the process of pushing the bullet, and finally the bullet is parallel to the bullet ejection plate (1-4). When the push plate (1-4) is pushed forward to the first extreme position, the bullet is pushed forward through the push block (1-4-6) and reaches the inclined surface of the two side blocks (1-5); Turn the handwheel (1-1), the push plate (1-4) moves backward, and the bullet rolls into the push groove between the two side blocks (1-5); when the push plate (1-4) reaches the maximum backward position, continue to turn the handwheel, and at this time the push plate (1-4) pushes the bullet forward along the push groove between the two side blocks (1-5); when the push plate (1-4) reaches the limit position of pushing forward again: the bullet in the push groove between the two side blocks (1-5) is loaded into the waiting bullet chain in the upper chain mechanism (2), completing the bullet-carrying process, that is, the bullet head is inserted into the bullet chain (5) with the bullet head facing forward; at the same time, the second bullet completes the flattening process after falling, and the chain-setting mechanism (3) completes the bullet-picking process; During the cartridge loading process: The cartridge case (5-1) to be loaded is placed horizontally in the cartridge holder (2-2), and the horizontal position is fixed by the compression spring (2-3), so that the small end of the cartridge case (5-1) is in contact with the cartridge groove (2-2-3), and the large end is in contact with the horizontal plate (2-2-2) below; After the bullet enters the pusher groove between the two side blocks (1-5) during the falling process, continue to turn the handwheel (1-1), and the pusher plate (1-4) will move horizontally from the maximum backward position in the direction of bullet penetration, pushing the bullet forward along the pusher groove between the two side blocks (1-5); The bullet is pushed forward by the push plate (1-4) in the push groove between the two side blocks (1-5), and moves forward through the "U"-shaped hole of the block plate (1-6) towards the ammunition belt (5) to be loaded, which is fixed by the compression spring (2-3). It passes through the large end hole and the small end hole of the ammunition belt (5) in sequence. When the push plate (1-4) reaches the maximum forward position, the bullet completely penetrates the ammunition belt (5). The bullet head engages with the small end hole of the ammunition belt (5), and the bullet tail engages with the large end hole of the ammunition belt (5), thus completing the bullet penetration process. During the feeding process: the feeding head (3-1) changes with the stroke of the inner groove (3-2-1) of the lower push plate (3-2), and is installed below the feeding seat (2-2) through two feeding head shafts. When the push plate (1-4) moves forward, the feeding head (3-1) moves in the opposite direction of feeding. When the push plate (1-4) moves backward, the feeding head (3-1) moves in the direction of feeding. When the bullet completes the penetration process, that is, when the push plate (1-4) is in the maximum forward position, the bullet-picking head (3-1) is in the initial position; continue to rotate the handwheel (1-1), the push plate (1-4) moves backward along the push groove in the middle of the two side blocks (1-5), and at the same time drives the lower push plate (3-2) connected to the lower part of the push plate (1-4) to move backward. The bullet-picking head (3-1) is constrained by the cooperation with the sliding groove (3-2-1) in the lower push plate (3-2), and moves horizontally along the two picking heads in the picking direction as the stroke position changes; the bullet body in the ammunition belt (5) is pushed by the inclined surface (3-1-4) on the bullet-picking head (3-1), and squeezes the pressure spring (2-3) away from the penetration position and moves horizontally in the picking direction; When the bullet-picking head (3-1) reaches the limit of the bullet-picking direction in the groove (3-2-1) in the lower push plate (3-2), the bullet-loading belt (5) is completely discharged from the bullet-penetrating area, and at the same time the next bullet belt enters the bullet-picking position to complete a single bullet-picking; Continue turning the handwheel (1-1). When the push plate (1-4) moves in the direction of bullet insertion, the bullet-picking head (3-1) moves along the initial position of the two bullet-picking heads along the slide groove (3-2-1) in the lower push plate (3-2), passes through the hollowed-out area below the next bullet-picking chain, and connects to the next bullet-picking process.

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