Glass based on the glass of photovoltaic modules is removed by peeling off in stages with a change in direction of the connection

Abstract

The application discloses a glass based on connection reversal for photovoltaic module and a stripping and dismantling and recycling process, which adopts a glass stripping and dismantling and recycling equipment including a primary stripping device, a secondary stripping device and a connection reversal device. The application combines the primary stripping and the secondary stripping, forms a relatively loose stripping gap by the primary stripping, and more efficiently and easily implements a comprehensive stripping by the secondary stripping, so as to greatly improve the stripping efficiency and quality of the glass and reduce the glass residual rate. In addition, the application can maintain a specific angle for stripping in the primary stripping and the secondary stripping, avoids the change of the stripping angle, and especially, the primary stripping can maintain the same slope for the surface breaking glass to be stripped by the upper hob stripping roller, and the photovoltaic module and the glass are completely separated and collected in the secondary stripping, so as to avoid the mixing or secondary adhesion of the scattered glass to the photovoltaic module.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application with the application date of July 20, 2023, application number 2023108940705, and name as equipment for the partial stripping, dismantling and recycling of glass of photovoltaic modules. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics, and in particular relates to a process for recycling the glass of a photovoltaic module by stripping, removing and retrieving the glass in batches based on connection reversal. Background Art

[0003] As we all know, photovoltaics is a new type of power generation system that uses the photovoltaic effect of solar cell semiconductor materials to directly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy. It can operate in two modes: standalone and grid-connected. A photovoltaic panel assembly is a power generation device that generates direct current when exposed to sunlight. It is composed almost entirely of thin, solid photovoltaic cells made of semiconductor materials (such as silicon). Specifically, it includes glass plates, EVA adhesive layers, cells, backplanes, junction boxes, and frames. Over 90% of these materials are recyclable, with considerable recycling value and high economic profits. Therefore, photovoltaic panels that have reached the end of their lifespan should be recycled. This not only alleviates the shortage of raw materials for photovoltaic devices to a certain extent, but also prevents pollution to the environment.

[0004] However, for the recycling of photovoltaic modules, after removing the frame and junction box, the surface glass plate needs to be removed. For example, publication number CN218133560U discloses a photovoltaic module broken glass stripping device, which includes multiple groups of stripping units arranged in sequence front and back, each group of stripping units includes a pair of fixed seats arranged in parallel, a stripping roller is rotatably connected between the pair of fixed seats, a set of guide rails are arranged longitudinally above each fixed seat, and a movable seat is arranged in each set of guide rails. A synchronous power mechanism is commonly connected above the two movable seats, and a drive roller corresponding to the upper and lower stripping rollers is rotatably connected between the two movable seats. The stripping roller and the drive roller rotate in opposite directions and have a higher speed than the drive roller. In short, it uses the speed difference between the stripping roller and the drive roller to form a larger stripping force between the back plate of the photovoltaic module and the broken glass, which can significantly improve the stripping efficiency. At the same time, unlike the existing extrusion method, the stripping roller can scrape off the broken glass when it rotates rapidly, combined with its serrated structure, thereby improving the stripping effect.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned stripping process has the following obvious defects:

[0006] 1) Since the peeling is carried out in opposite motion, the peeled cell will produce relative movement with the fast peeling roller (especially obvious at the peeling point) and change the peeling angle (for example, upward). Therefore, the depth of the peeling contact cannot be evenly controlled, resulting in uneven peeling force, poor peeling quality, and high glass residue rate;

[0007] 2) The peeling and battery cells cannot be effectively separated after peeling, so there is a high probability that the peeled fragments will re-adhere to the battery cells;

[0008] 3) The glass needs to be broken before the stripping is carried out. Only the broken glass can enter between the stripping roller and the driving roller. Therefore, in terms of the stripping method, a process and stripping cost are added. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a new photovoltaic module glass stripping, dismantling and recycling process based on connection reversal.

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0011] The glass of a photovoltaic module is stripped and removed for recycling in batches based on connection and reversing, and the glass stripping and recycling equipment used in the process includes a primary stripping device, a secondary stripping device, and a connection and reversing device, wherein the primary stripping device includes a feed crushing roller group and a roller stripping roller group arranged from front to back, wherein the feed crushing roller group includes crushing rollers that move in opposite directions and squeeze up and down to form broken glass plates, and the roller stripping roller group includes a roller roller and a directional output roller; the secondary stripping device includes a feed roller unit, a stripping unit, and a receiving unit, wherein the feed roller unit includes an upper roller and a lower roller that move in opposite directions, and a transmission channel for conveying the photovoltaic module from front to back is formed therebetween; the stripping unit includes an upper stripping head, a lower stripping head, and a stripping guide head; the receiving unit includes a receiving bin located at the bottom of the feed roller unit and the stripping unit and extending backward, and a receiving rack installed above the receiving bin and forming a material separation layer with the receiving bin; the connection and reversing device is used to connect the directional output roller and the feed roller unit, and the process includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. Initial peeling

[0013] The photovoltaic module is fed upward from the glass plate into a pair of crushing rollers, where the surface of the glass is crushed by squeezing. The crushed photovoltaic module then enters between the roller and the directional output roller, where it is passed downward by the directional output roller while being adhered to the photovoltaic module. The surface crushed glass is then peeled off by the upper roller at the same slope, completing the initial peeling process.

[0014] S2, PV panel top and bottom reversal

[0015] The photovoltaic modules delivered from the directional output roller enter the connecting trough from the feeding port, and after the initial peeling, the glass surface is attached to the circular transmission belt, and the circular transmission belt pulls the entire photovoltaic module downward and attaches it to the circular transmission belt; when the stripping device is fed again, the circular transmission belt moves in the opposite direction, conveying the photovoltaic module upward, and the connecting module removes the photovoltaic module from the circular transmission belt and enters the transmission channel at the same time;

[0016] S3, peel again

[0017] The photovoltaic modules entering the transmission channel are squeezed and crushed by the lower roller and the upper roller again. At the same time, the scraper scrapes the bottom surface of the photovoltaic modules after stripping, and the scraped cells are transmitted horizontally from the stripping channel. The arc-shaped stripping guide head at the outlet guides the cells downward. During the free fall of the cells, the connecting bracket and the material placement bracket collect the cells. At the same time, the separated glass after stripping falls from the scraper and the lower roller into the collecting bin below to complete the classification and collection of cells and glass.

[0018] Preferably, in S1, the cutter roller is located above the directional output roller, and the directional output roller keeps the broken photovoltaic components at the same slope and is peeled off the surface broken glass by the upper cutter roller, and the photovoltaic components after the initial peeling are pushed backward with the cutter roller.

[0019] According to a specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, the directional output rollers include a first output roller and a second output roller, positioned front to back and vertically. The output channel formed by the first and second output rollers is arc-shaped from front to back and from top to bottom. The roller is located directly above the first output roller. This output channel effectively fits the photovoltaic module into the output channel, preventing the peeling angle from changing, thereby completing the initial peeling of the broken glass by the roller hook.

[0020] In some specific embodiments, the first output roller is a positioning roller, and the second output roller and the knife roller are both adjustable in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the first output roller is a positioning roller, and the second output roller is located above and behind the first output roller. The centerline between the first and second output rollers is equidistant from the centerline between the first and knife rollers. This relationship between the three rollers ensures initial peeling of the surface glass of photovoltaic modules of varying thicknesses.

[0021] Preferably, the roller can pull the broken photovoltaic module backward, and the peeled photovoltaic module is attached to the first output roller and enters the output channel before being separated from the first and second output rollers. This effect is used for initial peeling, which not only improves the peeling quality but also facilitates subsequent peeling.

[0022] According to another specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, the cutter roller includes a roller body and a plurality of cutters arranged side by side, wherein each cutter is provided with a plurality of teeth around the circumference of the roller body, the teeth of the plurality of cutters are aligned in the axial direction of the roller body, and the directions of the teeth are the same, and the blades formed can hook and peel off the broken glass upwards.

[0023] According to another specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, the upper roller is a positioning roller, and the lower roller is a squeeze roller that can be adjusted up and down. The squeezing roller can be adjusted up and down to meet the requirements for crushing glass sheets from photovoltaic modules of varying thickness. The outer diameter of the upper roller is 2 to 6 times that of the lower roller. Generally, 2.7 to 3.5 times is most suitable. This large and small roller arrangement not only facilitates glass sheet crushing but also ensures that the photovoltaic module is conveyed forward against the bottom surface of the upper peeling head during the peeling process, preventing deformation of the module that could alter the peeling angle and force distribution, thereby improving peeling quality.

[0024] According to another specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, the lower and upper stripping heads are staggered in the front-to-back direction, forming a guide channel between the lower portion of the upper roller and the lower stripping head. This guide channel connects the transmission channel with the stripping channel. This staggered arrangement of the upper and lower stripping heads effectively extends the stripping channel, facilitating smoother glass stripping. It also provides a certain degree of guidance during the stripping process, facilitating the adhesion of the photovoltaic module to the bottom surface of the upper stripping head.

[0025] According to another specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, the upper stripping head includes a stripping bar with a flat bottom surface and one side that can mate with the bottom of the upper roller to form a clearance, and a translation adjustment mechanism for driving the stripping bar in forward and backward motion. The stripping bar's length aligns with the length of the upper roller, and the stripped photovoltaic module is translated relative to the bottom surface of the stripping bar. The length of the access channel can be adjusted by moving the stripping bar closer or further away to meet the requirements of different working conditions.

[0026] The stripping guide preferably comprises an arc-shaped segment that arches upward from its upper and lower sides. The upper side of the arc is connected to the rear end of the stripping mold bar, and the output end of the translation adjustment mechanism is connected to the stripping guide. The stripping guide and the upper stripping head adjust synchronously, moving closer to or further from the breakage point, to meet the needs of different working conditions and achieve high-quality glass stripping.

[0027] In some embodiments, the lower side of the arc segment is positioned behind the upper side, facilitating installation and preventing the arc segment from affecting the glass peeling angle. The translation adjustment mechanism includes a fixed seat, a slide rail extending in a front-to-rear direction, a slide slidably mounted on the slide rail, and a telescopic cylinder capable of moving in a front-to-rear direction. The slide is connected to the peeling guide head, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the slide.

[0028] According to another specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, the lower stripping head includes a scraper with a flat top surface and one side that can avoid the lower roller, and a lifting and adjusting mechanism for driving the scraper in vertical motion. The length of the scraper is aligned with the length of the lower roller, and a channel for separating the glass is formed between the scraper and the lower roller. This scraping method is used for stripping, reducing the rate of residual glass.

[0029] In some embodiments, the leading edge of the scraper is positioned within the transport channel, and either crushing and scraping are performed simultaneously, or crushing occurs first and then scraping. Regardless of whether these processes are performed simultaneously or sequentially, the two processes are interconnected and mutually reinforcing, significantly improving the efficiency and quality of photovoltaic module recycling.

[0030] According to another specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, a blade holder is provided at the bottom of the scraper. The blade holder includes a base body capable of adjusting the scraping height in the vertical direction, a support rod and a base for fixing and supporting the base body, and an elastic curtain that can separate the falling space of the glass from the falling space of the photovoltaic module and expands and contracts with the adjustment of the base body. The support rod extends vertically through the material collection bin, and the elastic curtain is located above the material collection bin. It should be noted that this vertical adjustment is a fine-tuning of a few millimeters to meet work needs. Most importantly, it can effectively separate the glass and photovoltaic modules, thereby implementing classified material collection.

[0031] In some embodiments, the upper end of the elastic curtain is positioned near the bottom of the scraper blade, and the lower end is positioned near the connection between the rack and the receiving bin. This arrangement satisfies the need for separation during adjustment and facilitates the separation of the peeled glass and photovoltaic modules. Furthermore, the deformation of the elastic curtain ensures separation and prevents interference with the receiving bin.

[0032] Furthermore, in S3, the downwardly bent photovoltaic modules freely fall onto the stacking rack, and the separated glass falls into a storage bin below the stacking rack. Furthermore, the storage bin includes a first receiving section extending obliquely from front to back and from top to bottom, and a second receiving section extending rearward from the lower end of the first receiving section. The first receiving section is located below the feed roller unit and the stripping unit. The first receiving section forms a material receiving buffer, while the second receiving section acts as a buffer, providing conditions for the automated separate recovery of glass and solar cells.

[0033] In some specific embodiments, the stacking rack includes a connecting bracket and a loading bracket, each arranged in a first and second stacking section and assembled from multiple parallel or intersecting rack rods. The connecting brackets form a vertically inclined connecting and transporting surface, while the loading brackets form a loading surface that extends rearward from the lower end of the connecting and transporting surface. The connecting brackets and loading brackets effectively position the photovoltaic modules on the upper layer and facilitate the shaking off of glass that has re-adhered to the photovoltaic module surfaces during stacking.

[0034] Furthermore, the connecting bracket includes parallel and spaced diagonal braces, and fixing rods for securing each diagonal brace to the receiving bin. The loading bracket includes loading rods extending horizontally rearward from the lower portion of each diagonal brace, and support rods for securing each loading rod to the receiving bin. The loading rods are arranged parallel and spaced. This not only serves as a guide for the diagonal braces, but also shakes off any glass that may have re-adhered to the surface of the photovoltaic modules during transport, thereby facilitating the sorting and recycling of photovoltaic modules and glass.

[0035] According to another specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, in S2, after the initial peeling, the photovoltaic assembly is transferred from the glass surface upward to the directional output roller, and then collected and reversed so that the broken glass surface faces downward to enter the transmission channel. Furthermore, the connection and reversing device includes an annular transmission belt arranged at a right angle, a power device for driving the annular transmission belt to move forward or reversely, an interface trough arranged in the upper and lower directions and with a top open side to form a feed port, and a connecting module, wherein the vertical portion of the annular transmission belt is inserted into the interface trough from the open port, the photovoltaic assembly transferred from the directional output roller enters the interface trough from the feed port, and the glass surface after the initial peeling is attached to the annular transmission belt, and the annular transmission belt pulls the entire photovoltaic assembly downward and completely attaches it to the annular transmission belt; when the stripping device is fed again, the annular transmission belt moves in the opposite direction to transfer the photovoltaic assembly upward, and the connecting module removes the photovoltaic assembly from the annular transmission belt. Not only does it facilitate the reversal of the entire photovoltaic module, but it also effectively pulls the broken glass during the turning transmission of the endless belt, further facilitating subsequent scraping and peeling. Due to the implementation of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages over the existing technology: In the glass peeling of existing photovoltaic modules, the deformation of the photovoltaic modules changes the peeling angle, resulting in uneven peeling force, poor peeling quality, and a high glass residue rate. At the same time, a separate glass breaking operation process is required before peeling, and the glass and battery cells are mixed during peeling. The present invention cleverly solves these various shortcomings of the existing structure through the overall design of the peeling equipment and process structure. The stripping equipment is adopted, which is composed of a crusher and a roller for initial stripping, and then the glass plate layer of the photovoltaic module is reversed up and down and stripped again. In the initial stripping, the crushing is first performed, and then the roller is wedged and hooked for stripping, and the surface broken glass is stripped by the roller stripping roller above at the same slope. The secondary stripping adopts the setting of the upper and lower stripping heads to effectively scrape off the broken glass layer to complete the glass removal, and the photovoltaic modules and glass after being stripped are classified and collected. At the same time, the thickness and position of the stripping are adjustable to meet the use needs of different working conditions, and the stripping angle is the same. Therefore, on the one hand, the present invention adopts the initial stripping and secondary stripping. The glass is peeled off by the combination of the first peeling and the relatively loose peeling gap is formed. The second peeling is more efficient and easier to implement comprehensive scraping-off peeling, which greatly improves the efficiency and quality of glass peeling and reduces the glass residue rate. On the other hand, whether it is the first or second peeling, the peeling can be carried out at a unique angle to avoid the change of peeling angle during peeling. In particular, the first peeling can keep the same slope to peel the broken glass on the surface by the upper roller peeling. At the same time, the photovoltaic modules and glass are completely separated and collected in the second peeling to avoid the mixing or secondary adhesion of scattered glass to the photovoltaic modules after peeling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the equipment for stripping, removing and recycling the glass of photovoltaic modules of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the primary stripping device;

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic top view of

[0039] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram;

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-section in the center DD direction (excluding photovoltaic modules)

[0041] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the re-stripping device;

[0042] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The main schematic diagram of

[0043] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure after partial demolition;

[0044] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The main schematic diagram of

[0045] Among them: ①, primary stripping device; A, feed crushing roller group; A1, crushing roller; B, roller peeling roller; B1, roller roller; B10, roller body; B11, roller; B2, directional output roller; B21, first output roller; B22, second output roller;

[0046] ②. Secondary stripping device; 1. Feed roller unit; 10. Upper roller; 11. Lower roller; 2. Stripping unit; 20. Upper stripping head; 200. Stripping mold strip; 201. Translation adjustment mechanism; a. Fixed seat; b. Slide rail; c. Slide seat; d. Telescopic cylinder; 21. Lower stripping head; 210. Scraper; 211. Lifting adjustment mechanism; e. Knife seat; e1. Seat body; e2. Frame rod; e3. Frame bottom; e4. Elastic partition curtain; 22. Stripping guide head; 3. Receiving unit; 30. Receiving bin; 301. First receiving section; 302. Second receiving section; 31. Receiving rack; 310. Connecting bracket; 311. Material placement bracket; x1. Diagonal support rod; x2. Fixed rod; x3. Material placement rod; x4. Support rod;

[0047] ③. Connecting reversing device; C1. Annular transmission belt; C2. Connecting trough; C3. Connecting module;

[0048] G. Photovoltaic panels. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without violating the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0051] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; they can refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0053] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0054] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the glass of the photovoltaic module involved in this embodiment is subjected to a step-by-step stripping, dismantling and recycling process based on connection and reversing. The glass step-by-step stripping, dismantling and recycling equipment adopted therein includes a primary stripping device ①, a secondary stripping device ②, and a connection and reversing device ③, wherein the primary stripping device ① is used for the primary stripping of the photovoltaic module G from the side where the glass plate is facing upward; the secondary stripping device ② is used for the secondary stripping of the photovoltaic module G from the side where the glass plate is facing downward; and the connection and reversing device ③ is used for reversing the direction of the glass plate of the photovoltaic module after the primary stripping.

[0056] Combine Figures 2 to 5As shown, the primary stripping device ① includes a feed crushing roller group A and a roller peeling roller group B arranged from front to back, the feed crushing roller group A includes a crushing roller A1 that moves in opposite directions and squeezes up and down to form broken glass plates, the roller peeling roller group B includes a roller B1 and a directional output roller B2, wherein the roller B1 is located above the directional output roller B2, and the directional output roller B2 keeps the broken photovoltaic modules at the same slope and is peeled off the surface broken glass by the upper roller B1, and the photovoltaic modules after the primary stripping are pushed backward by the roller B1. In some specific embodiments, the crushing roller A1 located at the upper part of the feed crushing roller group A is a metal roller, and crushing is achieved by dynamic extrusion of metal rollers. The directional output roller B2 includes a first output roller B21 and a second output roller B22 distributed front and back and up and down, wherein the output channel formed by the first output roller B21 and the second output roller B22 is arc-shaped from front to back and from top to bottom, the first output roller B21 is a positioning roller, and the second output roller B22 and the roller B1 can be adjusted and set in the up and down directions. The roller B1 is located directly above the first output roller B21, and the second output roller B22 is located above the rear side of the first output roller B21, and the center line between the first output roller B21 and the second output roller B22 is equal to the center line between the first output roller B21 and the roller B1. At the same time, the roller B1 can pull the photovoltaic module after the glass is broken and transfer it backward, and the photovoltaic module after peeling is attached to the first output roller B21 and enters the output channel and then separates from the first output roller B21 and the second output roller B22, wherein the roller B1 includes a roller body B10 and a plurality of rollers B11 arranged side by side, wherein each roller B11 is provided with a plurality of roller teeth around the circumference of the roller body B10, and the roller teeth of the plurality of rollers B11 are aligned in the axial direction of the roller body B10, and the directions of the roller teeth are the same, and the blade formed can hook and peel off the broken glass upward.

[0057] Combine Figures 6 to 9 As shown, the re-peeling device ② includes a feeding roller unit 1, a peeling unit 2, and a receiving unit 3.

[0058] In some embodiments, the feed roller unit 1 includes an upper roller 10 and a lower roller 11 that can exert vertical pressure to crush the glass sheets of the photovoltaic modules G. The upper roller 10 and the lower roller 11 move toward each other, forming a transmission channel between them for conveying the photovoltaic modules from front to back. In one embodiment, the upper roller 10 is a positioning roller, and the lower roller 11 is a squeezing roller that can be adjusted vertically. The outer diameter of the upper roller 10 is approximately 2.8 times that of the lower roller. The stripping unit 2 includes an upper stripping head 20, a lower stripping head 21, and a stripping guide head 22, wherein a stripping channel that can be connected to the discharge end of the transmission channel is formed between the bottom surface of the upper stripping head 20 and the top surface of the lower stripping head 21. The stripping channel is tangent to the upper roller 10 and is adjusted in the up and down and front and back directions with the movement of the upper stripping head 20 and the lower stripping head 21. The stripping guide head 22 moves synchronously with the upper stripping head 20 and is located at the outlet of the stripping channel to bend the photovoltaic component G transported horizontally backward downward. The stripped glass is separated from the photovoltaic component through the gap between the lower stripping head 21 and the lower roller 11. In some specific embodiments, the lower stripping head 21 and the upper stripping head 20 are staggered in the front-to-back direction, and a connecting channel is formed between the lower part of the upper roller 10 and the lower stripping head 21, and the connecting channel connects the transmission channel and the stripping channel. The upper stripping head 20 includes a stripping mold 200 with a flat bottom surface and one side that can be fitted with the lower part of the upper roller 10 to form a avoidance portion, and a translation adjustment mechanism 201 for driving the stripping mold 200 to move in the front-to-back direction, wherein the length direction of the stripping mold 200 is consistent with the length direction of the upper roller 10, and the photovoltaic module after stripping is fitted with the bottom surface of the stripping mold 200 and translated. The stripping guide head 22 is an arc-shaped segment that arches upward from the upper and lower sides, wherein the upper side of the arc-shaped segment is connected to the rear end of the stripping mold bar 200, and the lower side of the arc-shaped segment is located behind the upper side, and the output end of the translation adjustment mechanism 201 is connected to the stripping guide head 22; the translation adjustment mechanism 201 includes a fixed seat a, a slide rail b arranged along the front and rear directions, a slide c slidingly arranged on the slide rail b, and a telescopic cylinder d capable of moving along the front and rear directions, wherein the slide c is relatively connected to the stripping guide head 22, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder d is connected to the slide c. The lower stripping head 21 includes a scraper 210 with a flat top surface and one side capable of avoiding the lower roller, and a lifting and adjusting mechanism 211 for driving the scraper 210 to move in the up and down directions, wherein the length direction of the scraper 210 is consistent with the length direction of the lower roller 11, and a channel for glass separation is formed between the scraper 210 and the lower roller 11. At the same time, the front edge of the scraper 210 is located in the transmission channel, and the crushing and scraping and stripping are synchronized or crushed first and then scraped away.Furthermore, a blade holder e is provided at the bottom of the scraper 210. The blade holder e includes a base body e1 that can be adjusted vertically to achieve the desired scraping height; a support rod e2 and a support base e3 fixedly supported at the bottom of the base body e1; and an elastic curtain e4 that separates the space where the glass falls from the photovoltaic module and expands and contracts with the adjustment of the base body e1. The support rod e2 extends vertically through the material receiving bin, and the elastic curtain e4 is located above the bin. In some embodiments, the upper end of the elastic curtain e4 is positioned near the bottom of the scraper 210, and the lower end is positioned near the connection between the support rod e2 and the material receiving bin.

[0059] The receiving unit 3 includes a receiving bin 30 located at the bottom of the feed roller unit 1 and the stripping unit 2 and extending backward, and a receiving rack 31 installed above the receiving bin 30 and forming a material separation layer with the receiving bin. The downwardly bent photovoltaic modules freely hang on the receiving rack 31, and the separated glass falls into the receiving bin 30 below the receiving rack 31. In some specific embodiments, the receiving bin 30 includes a first receiving section 301 extending obliquely from front to back and from top to bottom, and a second receiving section 302 extending backward from the lower end of the first receiving section 301, wherein the first receiving section 301 is located below the feed roller unit 1 and the stripping unit 2. The receiving rack 31 includes a connecting bracket 310 and a placing bracket 311, which are respectively arranged in the first receiving section 301 and the second receiving section 302 and are assembled by multiple rack rods e2 in parallel or intersecting manner, wherein the connecting transmission surface formed by the connecting bracket 310 is tilted up and down, and the placing surface formed by the placing bracket 311 extends backward from the lower end of the connecting transmission surface. Specifically, the connecting bracket 310 includes diagonal support rods x1 arranged side by side and at intervals, and a fixing rod x2 for fixing each diagonal support rod x1 on the receiving bin 30; the placing bracket 311 includes a placing rod x3 extending horizontally backward from the lower part of each diagonal support rod x1, and a support rod x4 for fixing each placing rod x3 on the receiving bin 30, wherein each diagonal support rod x1 and the placing rod x3 are arranged side by side and at intervals to form a partition bed, and the peeled photovoltaic modules (or battery cells) are laid on the partition bed along the guide, and the bottom is the receiving bin 30 for collecting glass.

[0060] See again Figure 1The connection reversing device ③ is used to connect the directional output roller B2 and the transmission channel, and includes an annular transmission belt C1 set at a right angle, a power device that drives the annular transmission belt to move forward or reverse, a connection trough C2 set in the upper and lower directions and with an open top side to form a feed port, and a connecting module C3, wherein the vertical part of the annular transmission belt C1 is inserted into the connection trough C2 from the open port, and the photovoltaic component transmitted from the directional output roller B2 enters the connection trough C2 from the feed port, and after the first peeling, the glass surface is attached to the annular transmission belt C1, and the annular transmission belt C1 pulls the entire photovoltaic component downward and completely adheres it to the annular transmission belt C1; when the peeling device is fed again, the annular transmission belt C1 moves in the opposite direction to transmit the photovoltaic component upward, and the connecting module C3 removes the photovoltaic component from the annular transmission belt C1 and enters the transmission channel at the same time.

[0061] Therefore, the process of the stepwise stripping in this embodiment (it should be noted that this application does not continuously recycle multiple photovoltaic modules, but rather performs the glass removal recycling operation of photovoltaic modules one by one) is as follows:

[0062] S1. Initial peeling

[0063] The photovoltaic module is fed upward from the glass plate into a pair of crushing rollers, where the surface of the glass is crushed by squeezing. The crushed photovoltaic module then enters between the roller and the directional output roller, where it is passed downward by the directional output roller while being adhered to the photovoltaic module. The surface crushed glass is then peeled off by the upper roller at the same slope, completing the initial peeling process.

[0064] S2, PV panel top and bottom reversal

[0065] The photovoltaic modules delivered from the directional output roller enter the connecting trough from the feeding port, and after the initial peeling, the glass surface is attached to the circular transmission belt, and the circular transmission belt pulls the entire photovoltaic module downward and attaches it to the circular transmission belt; when the stripping device is fed again, the circular transmission belt moves in the opposite direction, conveying the photovoltaic module upward, and the connecting module removes the photovoltaic module from the circular transmission belt and enters the transmission channel at the same time;

[0066] S3, peel again

[0067] The photovoltaic modules entering the transmission channel are squeezed and crushed by the lower roller and the upper roller again. At the same time, the scraper scrapes the bottom surface of the photovoltaic modules after stripping, and the scraped cells are horizontally transmitted from the stripping channel and guided downward by the arc-shaped stripping guide head at the outlet. The cells are collected by the connecting bracket and the material placement bracket during their free fall. At the same time, the separated glass after stripping falls between the scraper and the lower roller into the collecting bin below to complete the classification and collection of cells and glass.

[0068] In summary, the stripping equipment is adopted, which is composed of initial stripping consisting of crushing and rollers, and then the glass plate layer of the photovoltaic module is reversed up and down and stripped again, wherein the initial stripping adopts first crushing and then the roller is wedged and hooked for stripping, and the surface broken glass is stripped by the roller stripping roller above at the same slope, and the secondary stripping adopts the setting of upper and lower stripping heads to effectively scrape off the broken glass layer to complete the glass removal, and the photovoltaic modules and glass after stripping are classified and collected. At the same time, the thickness and position of the stripping are adjustable to meet the use needs of different working conditions, and the stripping angle is the same. Therefore, on the one hand, the present invention adopts the combination of initial stripping and secondary stripping, and a relatively loose stripping gap is formed by the initial stripping, and the secondary stripping is more efficient and easier to implement comprehensive scraping. On the other hand, whether it is the first or second peeling, the peeling can be carried out at a specific angle to avoid the change of peeling angle during peeling, especially in the second peeling, the photovoltaic module and the glass are completely separated and collected to avoid the mixing or secondary adhesion of the scattered glass to the photovoltaic module after peeling; on the third aspect, it is not only convenient to implement the reversing of the entire photovoltaic module, but also to effectively pull the broken glass during the turning transmission of the ring belt, which is further convenient for subsequent scraping and peeling; on the fourth aspect, during the second peeling process, the glass can be broken and peeled at the same time (or broken and peeled at the same time), and the two can cooperate with each other, that is, the broken glass can be effectively pulled and peeled at the same time. The broken glass is peeled by the lower peeling head, and the peeled photovoltaic module is kept horizontal and enters the peeling channel to achieve the separation of the glass and the photovoltaic module. At the same time, the photovoltaic module is guided downward under the guidance of the peeling guide head and separated and recycled. Therefore, the crushing and peeling are integrated, and there is a correlation and cooperation between the two, which is more conducive to the crushing and peeling of the glass; the fifth aspect is to keep the center line between the first output roller and the second output roller at an equal distance from the center line between the first output roller and the hob roller, which not only effectively implements the layout of each roller, but also meets the initial peeling of the surface glass of photovoltaic modules with different thicknesses. At the same time, the initial peeling can also promote the transmission of photovoltaic modules, and the orientation of each hob is the same, and the blade formed can hook the broken glass upward stripping; on the sixth aspect, the setting of the elastic partition curtain meets the separation requirements under adjustment, and is more conducive to the separation of the glass and photovoltaic components after stripping. At the same time, the deformation of the elastic partition curtain satisfies the separation and avoids interference with material collection; on the seventh aspect, the extrusion formed by the large and small rollers is not only conducive to the breakage of the glass plate, but also can keep the photovoltaic components attached to the bottom surface of the upper stripping head and transported forward during the stripping process, so as to avoid the deformation of the photovoltaic components and change the stripping angle and the stripping force position, thereby improving the stripping quality; on the eighth aspect, the front and rear staggered distribution of the upper and lower stripping heads and the effective extension of the stripping channel are more conducive to the smooth stripping of the glass. At the same time, it can also form a certain degree of guidance during the stripping process, which is conducive to the photovoltaic components adhering to the bottom surface of the upper stripping head;Ninthly, the provision of a separate bed not only facilitates the separation and recycling of glass and photovoltaic modules, but also shakes off any glass that may have re-adhered to the surface of the photovoltaic modules during transport. Combined with the first receiving section, a material buffer is formed, and the second receiving section provides a buffer, providing conditions for the automated separation and recycling of glass and solar cells.

[0069] The above detailed description of the present invention is intended to enable persons familiar with the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them. It does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for recycling photovoltaic module glass by stripping and dismantling in stages based on joint reversal, characterized by: The glass stripping and recycling equipment used in this process includes a primary stripping device, a secondary stripping device, and a connecting and reversing device, wherein the primary stripping device includes a feed crushing roller group and a roller peeling roller group arranged from front to back, the feed crushing roller group includes crushing rollers that move in opposite directions and squeeze up and down to form broken glass plates, and the roller peeling roller group includes a roller and a directional output roller; the secondary stripping device includes a feed roller unit, a stripping unit, and a receiving unit, wherein the feed roller unit includes an upper roller and a lower roller that move in opposite directions, and a transmission channel for transmitting photovoltaic modules from front to back is formed between the two; the stripping unit includes an upper stripping head, a lower stripping head, and a stripping guide head; a channel that can be connected to the transmission channel is formed between the bottom surface of the upper stripping head and the top surface of the lower stripping head The discharge end of the channel is connected to the stripping channel, and the lower stripping head includes a scraper; the material receiving unit includes a material receiving bin located at the bottom of the feed roller unit and the stripping unit and extending backward, and a material receiving rack installed above the material receiving bin and forming a material dividing layer in the material receiving bin, and the material receiving rack includes a connecting bracket and a material placing bracket assembled by multiple rack rods in parallel or intersecting manner; the connecting reversing device is used to connect the directional output roller and the feed roller unit, and the connecting reversing device includes an annular transmission belt arranged at a right angle, a power device driving the annular transmission belt to move forward or reversely, a connecting trough arranged in the upper and lower directions and with an open top side to form a feed port, and a connecting module, wherein the vertical part of the annular transmission belt is inserted into the connecting trough from the open port; and the process includes the following steps: S1. Initial peeling The photovoltaic module is fed upward from the glass plate into a pair of crushing rollers, where the surface of the glass is crushed by squeezing. The crushed photovoltaic module then enters between the roller and the directional output roller, where it is kept in contact with the directional output roller and passed downward. The broken glass on the surface is then peeled off by the upper roller at the same slope, completing the initial peeling process. S2, PV panel top and bottom reversal The photovoltaic modules delivered from the directional output roller enter the connecting trough from the feeding port, and after the initial peeling, the glass surface is attached to the circular transmission belt, and the circular transmission belt pulls the entire photovoltaic module downward and attaches it to the circular transmission belt; when the stripping device is fed again, the circular transmission belt moves in the opposite direction, conveying the photovoltaic module upward, and the connecting module removes the photovoltaic module from the circular transmission belt and enters the transmission channel at the same time; S3, peel again The photovoltaic modules entering the transmission channel are squeezed and crushed by the lower roller and the upper roller again. At the same time, the scraper scrapes the bottom surface of the photovoltaic modules after stripping, and the scraped cells are transmitted horizontally from the stripping channel. The arc-shaped stripping guide head at the outlet guides the cells downward. During the free fall of the cells, the connecting bracket and the material placement bracket collect the cells. At the same time, the separated glass after stripping falls from the scraper and the lower roller into the collecting bin below to complete the classification and collection of cells and glass.

2. The photovoltaic module glass recycling process according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S1, the roller is located above the directional output roller, and the directional output roller keeps the broken photovoltaic components at the same slope and is peeled off the surface broken glass by the roller above. The photovoltaic components after the initial peeling are pushed backward by the roller.

3. The process for recycling the glass of a photovoltaic module by stripping and removing it in steps based on the connection and reversal according to claim 2, characterized in that: The directional output roller includes a first output roller and a second output roller distributed front to back and up to down, wherein the output channel formed by the first output roller and the second output roller is arc-shaped from front to back and from top to bottom, and the roller is located directly above the first output roller; and / or, the roller can pull the photovoltaic component after the glass is broken to pass it backward, and the photovoltaic component after peeling is attached to the first output roller and enters the output channel and then separates from the first output roller and the second output roller.

4. The process for recycling the glass of a photovoltaic module by stripping and removing it in steps based on the connection and reversal according to claim 3, characterized in that: The roller cutter includes a roller body and a plurality of roller cutters arranged side by side, wherein each of the roller cutters is provided with a plurality of teeth around the circumference of the roller body, the teeth of the plurality of roller cutters are aligned in the axial direction of the roller body, and the orientations of the teeth are the same, and the blades formed can hook and peel off the broken glass upwards; and / or, the upper roller is a positioning roller, and the lower roller is a squeezing roller that can be adjusted up and down; and / or, the outer diameter of the upper roller is 2 to 6 times the outer diameter of the lower roller.

5. The process for recycling photovoltaic module glass by stripping and dismantling in steps based on connection and reversal according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the stripping channel is kept tangent to the upper roller and is adjusted in the up-down and front-back directions as the upper stripping head and the lower stripping head move. The stripping guide head moves synchronously with the upper stripping head and is located at the outlet of the stripping channel to bend the photovoltaic component transported horizontally backward downward. The glass after stripping is separated from the photovoltaic component through the gap between the lower stripping head and the lower roller.

6. The process for recycling the photovoltaic module glass by stripping and removing the glass in steps based on the connection and reversal according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper stripping head includes a stripping mold bar with a flat bottom surface and one side capable of being attached to the lower part of the upper roller to form an avoidance portion, and a translation adjustment mechanism for driving the stripping mold bar to move in the front-to-back direction, wherein the length direction of the stripping mold bar is consistent with the length direction of the upper roller, and the stripped photovoltaic module is attached to the bottom surface of the stripping mold bar and translated; and / or the stripping guide head is an arc segment that arches upward from the upper and lower sides, wherein the upper side edge of the arc segment is connected to the rear end of the stripping mold bar, and the output end of the translation adjustment mechanism is connected to the stripping guide head; and / or the top surface of the scraper is flat and one side can avoid the lower roller, and the lower stripping head also includes a lifting adjustment mechanism for driving the scraper to move in the upper and lower directions, wherein the length direction of the scraper blade is consistent with the length direction of the lower roller, and a channel for glass separation is formed between the scraper blade and the lower roller; the front edge of the scraper blade is located in the transmission channel, and the crushing and scraping and stripping are synchronized or crushed first and then scraped away.

7. The process for recycling the glass of a photovoltaic module by stripping and removing it in batches based on connection and reversal according to claim 6, characterized in that: A blade holder is provided at the bottom of the scraper, and the blade holder includes a base body capable of adjusting the scraping height in the up and down directions, a frame rod and a frame bottom for fixing and supporting the bottom of the base body, and an elastic partition curtain capable of separating the glass falling space from the photovoltaic module falling space and changing in tension and relaxation with the adjustment of the base body, wherein the frame rod passes through the material receiving bin up and down, and the elastic partition curtain is located above the material receiving bin, and the upper end of the elastic partition curtain is close to the bottom of the scraper, and the lower end is close to the connection between the frame rod and the material receiving bin.

8. The photovoltaic module glass recycling process according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S3, the downward-bent photovoltaic components hang freely on the receiving rack, and the separated glass falls into the receiving bin below the receiving rack; and / or, the receiving bin includes a first receiving section extending obliquely from front to back and from top to bottom, and a second receiving section extending backward from the lower end of the first receiving section, wherein the first receiving section is arranged below the feeding roller unit and the peeling unit; and / or, the docking bracket and the material placement bracket are respectively arranged in the first receiving section and the second receiving section, and the docking transmission surface formed by the docking bracket is inclined up and down, and the material placement surface formed by the material placement bracket extends backward from the lower end of the docking transmission surface.

9. The photovoltaic module glass recycling process according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S2, the photovoltaic components after the initial peeling are conveyed to the directional output roller with the glass surface facing upwards, and then collected and reversed so that the broken glass surface faces downwards and enters the transmission channel.

10. The process for recycling photovoltaic module glass by stripping and dismantling in steps based on connection and reversal according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly delivered from the directional output roller enters the connecting material trough from the feed port, and the glass surface is attached to the endless transmission belt after the initial peeling, and the endless transmission belt pulls the entire photovoltaic assembly downward and completely attaches it to the endless transmission belt; When the stripping device is fed again, the endless transmission belt moves in the opposite direction to transport the photovoltaic components upward, and the connecting module removes the photovoltaic components from the endless transmission belt.

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