Anti-perovskite / metal-metal superlattice composite materials with zero expansion, directional high thermal conductivity and toughness and preparation thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of zero expansion, directional high heat conduction and strong toughness anti perovskite / metal-metal laminated composite material and preparation thereof.The anti perovskite / metal-metal laminated composite material is composed of dispersion layer and metal layer alternately distributed;Wherein the single-layer thickness of dispersion layer is 10 μm, the single-layer thickness of metal layer is 15-105 μm;The component and composition of the dispersion layer are as follows: anti perovskite ANMn3 accounts for 30-70% of the volume fraction of dispersion layer, and the rest is metal powder;The metal layer is metal foil material.The laminated composite material prepared by the application has accurate control of each layer thickness, and the process is simple;The material has high density, and the interface bonding degree between each layer is excellent, which greatly improves the fracture toughness and thermal conductivity of near-zero expansion material.This kind of material with low / zero expansion and high thermal conductivity and strong toughness has great application prospect in the field of electronic packaging, precision optical devices, etc.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of low zero-expansion high thermal conductivity and strong toughness metal matrix composites, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an anti-perovskite ANMn3 / metal-metal laminated composite material with zero expansion, directional high thermal conductivity and strong toughness. BACKGROUND

[0002] Unlike most materials that expand when heated and contract when cooled, zero thermal expansion materials exhibit dimensional stability upon temperature changes. There is a high demand for zero thermal expansion materials in the fields of precision optics and equipment, cryogenics, sensors, and aerospace, because these fields have high thermal stability requirements for the dimensions of key support components. In addition, zero thermal expansion materials also help to extend the service life of equipment and reduce unnecessary power consumption (such as temperature compensation).

[0003] In addition to zero expansion performance, good thermal conductivity and toughness are also required to protect the core electronic or optical elements from thermal or vibration shocks, thereby ensuring the reliability and durability of precision instruments. Unfortunately, the above-mentioned single-phase zero expansion materials are either intermetallic compounds or ceramics. Their thermal conductivity is difficult to exceed 15 W / (m·K) (for example, the thermal conductivity of a typical invar alloy is ~11 W / (m·K)). At the same time, they also often have problems such as poor processability and insufficiently excellent mechanical properties.

[0004] As an alternative approach, zero expansion is easier to achieve in composites composed of a negative thermal expansion filler and a positive thermal expansion matrix (such as metallic aluminum and copper). However, in the reported zero expansion metal matrix composites, a large number of negative thermal expansion particles (usually more than 30 vol.%) are randomly distributed in the metal matrix. In addition, similar to single-phase zero expansion materials, negative thermal expansion materials are relatively brittle and have poor thermal conductivity. These characteristics are inherited by the related zero expansion composites, thereby greatly reducing the inherent thermal and mechanical properties of the metal matrix. Therefore, despite many efforts, including the construction of a connected copper network, the thermal conductivity of the previously reported zero expansion composites is difficult to exceed 60 W / (m·K). In addition, compared with the metal matrix, the toughness and related damage tolerance of the zero expansion composite are severely weakened. Therefore, it has always been a challenge to design a zero expansion material with similar metal characteristics (such as a relatively high thermal conductivity and good toughness). SUMMARY

[0005] The present application is directed to the problems existing in the prior art, and provides a preparation method of an anti-perovskite ANMn3 / metal-metal laminated composite material with zero expansion, directional high thermal conductivity and strong toughness.

[0006] The application first uses negative expansion material as a reinforcing body, synthesizes a series of Al-based (ANMn3 / Al-Al) and Cu-based (ANMn3 / Cu-Cu) laminated composites through discharge plasma sintering, realizes the synergistic optimization of thermal conductivity and mechanical properties while obtaining low / zero thermal expansion, and has great application prospects in the fields of electronic packaging, aerospace, and precision electronic devices.

[0007] The anti-perovskite ANMn3 / metal-metal laminated composite material with zero expansion, directional high thermal conductivity and strong toughness is composed of dispersion layers and metal layers alternately distributed; the single-layer thickness of the dispersion layer is 10 microns, and the single-layer thickness of the metal layer is 15-105 microns. The composition and structure of the dispersion layer are as follows: the volume fraction of the anti-perovskite ANMn3 in the dispersion layer is 30-70%, and the rest is metal powder. The metal layer is a metal foil material.

[0008] The particle size of the anti-perovskite ANMn3 is 2-30 microns, and the particle size of the metal powder is 1-5 microns.

[0009] The preparation method of the anti-perovskite ANMn3 / metal-metal laminated composite material with zero expansion, directional high thermal conductivity and strong toughness comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Grind the negative thermal expansion material ANMn3 using a mortar, put it into a ball mill jar machine at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 hours, sieve after obtaining ANMn3 powder with a particle size of 2-30 microns;

[0011] Step 2: Mix the ANMn3 powder obtained in step 1 with metal powder, put it into a jar mill at a speed of 200 r / min for 1 hour to obtain ANMn3 / metal mixed powder;

[0012] Step 3: Use an oil stain cleaner to remove oil stains on the surface of the metal foil, and use a metal polishing agent to soak the metal foil to remove the oxide layer on the surface, and use a punching machine to punch the metal foil into uniform round pieces;

[0013] Step 4: Put the graphite press head at one end into the cylindrical graphite mold, put the metal round piece into the graphite mold (at this time the inner diameter of the graphite mold is consistent with the diameter of the metal round piece), weigh the ANMn3 / metal mixed powder according to the designed composition, pour it into the graphite mold, and put a metal press head with a surface roughness less than 1 micron into the graphite mold cavity, rotate the metal press head to flatten the ANMn3 / metal mixed powder, then cold press, and repeat the above operation multiple times to obtain an anti-perovskite ANMn3 / metal-metal foil layered preform.

[0014] Step 5: Put the graphite mold and the layered preform of the inverse perovskite ANMn3 / metal-metal foil into a discharge plasma sintering device, and sinter in a vacuum environment to obtain an inverse perovskite ANMn3 / metal-metal laminated composite material; process into a suitable size by a cutting machine, and use for testing of physical properties such as thermal expansion coefficient, sample micro-morphology, mechanical property, and thermal conductivity.

[0015] In step 2, the metal powder is Al powder or Cu powder. The Al powder is aluminum alloy powder, such as one of 2-7 series aluminum alloy powder, or pure aluminum; the Cu powder is pure copper powder, or copper alloy powder.

[0016] When Al powder is used, the volume ratio of the mixture of ANMn3 powder and Al powder is 39vol%:61vol% to 23vol%:77vol%.

[0017] Further, when Al and its alloys are used as the matrix, ANMn3 accounts for 39% of the total volume of the composite material, and when the thickness of the Al layer is 15, 45, 75, and 105 μm, the volume fraction of ANMn3 in the ANMn3 / Al dispersion layer is 44%, 55%, 66%, and 77%, respectively.

[0018] When Cu powder is used, the volume ratio of the mixture of ANMn3 powder and Cu powder is 31vol%:69vol% to 62vol%:38vol%.

[0019] Further, when Cu and its alloys are used as the matrix, ANMn3 accounts for 31.5% of the total volume of the composite material, and when the thickness of the Al layer is 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 μm, the volume fraction of ANMn3 in the ANMn3 / Cu dispersion layer is 37%, 43%, 50%, and 63%, respectively.

[0020] In step 3, the metal foil is Al foil or Cu foil; the Al foil is pure aluminum foil, or one of 2-7 series aluminum alloy foils; the Cu foil is pure copper foil, or one of copper alloy foils. The thickness of the Al foil is 15-105 μm; the thickness of the Cu foil is 20-100 μm.

[0021] In step 5, sintering in a vacuum environment means that the gas pressure is controlled to be less than 1.0×10 -2 MPa.

[0022] Furthermore, when obtaining a layered preform using negative expansion material ANMn3 / Al mixed powder and Al foil, in step 5, a pressure of 50 MPa is applied through a discharge plasma sintering device; the temperature is heated to 200°C at a rate of 50°C / min, then to 300°C at a rate of 40°C / min, and finally to 420-470°C at a rate of 25°C / min and held for 6-7 min, and then cooled to room temperature in the furnace to obtain the ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite material.

[0023] Furthermore, when a layered preform is obtained using negative expansion material ANMn3 / Cu mixed powder and Cu foil, in step 5, a pressure of 50 MPa is applied by a discharge plasma sintering device; the temperature is heated to 200°C at a rate of 50°C / min, then to 300°C at a rate of 40°C / min, and finally to 600-650°C at a rate of 25°C / min and held for 6-7 min, and then cooled to room temperature in the furnace to obtain the ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite material.

[0024] For the prepared aluminum-based composite material, X-ray diffraction ( Figure 1 The results showed no obvious third-phase diffraction peaks, indicating that the reaction between the reinforcement and the aluminum matrix was controllable. This is beneficial for obtaining a good composite interface, thereby achieving excellent mechanical and thermal properties. The cross-sections of a series of ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite samples were characterized using optical microscopy. Figure 2 It can be clearly seen that the components are well integrated, and the thickness of the dispersion layer and the metal layer are consistent with the design. The thickness of the metal layer gradually increases, and the proportion of ANMn3 in the dispersion layer also continuously increases, maintaining the overall ANMn3 proportion of the system unchanged. Linear expansion coefficient test results ( Figure 3 This indicates that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the aluminum-based composite material remains constant with increasing metal layer thickness. In the 300-330K range, the linear thermal expansion coefficients α in the X, Y, and Z directions are... L =0-1ppm / K, in the range of 280-335K, the linear thermal expansion coefficient α of the material in the XYZ directions. L <5ppm / K. Figure 4 The results of thermal conductivity tests on a series of ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite samples in the temperature range of 220-360K are given. The thermal conductivity k = 96-120 W / (m·K) parallel to the layup direction and k = 84-14 W / (m·K) perpendicular to the layup direction. The thermal conductivity of ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composites is 30% higher than that of dispersed Al-based composites. Figure 5The results of three-point bending tests on a series of ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composites are presented. The elongation of the anti-perovskite ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composites is increased by 500% compared with the dispersed Al-based composites. Figure 6 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of three-point bending fractures of a series of ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composites are presented. It can be seen that during fracture of the laminated sample (ANMn3 / Al-105μmAl), the crack deflects between the layers, achieving significant energy dissipation compared to the dispersed composite ANMn3 / Al (39 vol% ANMn3 / Al), resulting in a substantial improvement in fracture toughness. In the prepared anti-perovskite ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composites, the fracture toughness perpendicular to the layup direction is 5-15 (10⁻⁶). 3 J·m -2 ).

[0025] For the prepared Cu-based composite materials, X-ray diffraction ( Figure 7 The results showed no obvious third-phase diffraction peaks, indicating that the reaction between the reinforcement and the Cu matrix was controllable. This is beneficial for obtaining a good composite interface, thereby achieving excellent mechanical and thermal properties. The cross-sectional microstructure of a series of ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite samples was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. Figure 8 It can be clearly seen that the components are well integrated, and the thickness of the dispersion layer and the metal layer are consistent with the design. The thickness of the metal layer gradually increases, and the proportion of ANMn3 in the dispersion layer also continuously increases, maintaining the overall ANMn3 proportion of the system unchanged. Linear expansion coefficient test results ( Figure 9 This indicates that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the Cu-based composite material remains constant with increasing Cu layer thickness. In the K range of 278-308 K, the linear thermal expansion coefficients α in the X, Y, and Z directions are... L =0-1ppm / K, in the range of 265-315K, the linear thermal expansion coefficient α of the material in the X, Y, and Z directions. L <6ppm / K. Figure 10 The results of thermal conductivity tests on a series of ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite samples in the temperature range of 220-360K are given. The thermal conductivity k = 95-200 W / (m·K) parallel to the layup direction and k = 47-16 W / (m·K) perpendicular to the layup direction. The thermal conductivity of ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composites is 230% higher than that of dispersed Cu-based composites. Figure 11 The results of three-point bending tests on a series of ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composites are presented. The elongation of the anti-perovskite ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composites is increased by 300% compared with the dispersed Cu-based composites. Figure 12The three-point bending fracture scanning electron microscope images of the series of ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composites are given, and it can be seen that a large number of tunnel cracks are generated when the laminated sample is fractured (ANMn3 / Cu-100 μm Cu), compared with the dispersed ANMn3 / Cu composite (31 vol% ANMn3 / Cu), a large amount of energy is dissipated, and the fracture toughness of the material is greatly improved. In the prepared anti-perovskite ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite, the fracture toughness perpendicular to the laying direction is 14-54 (10 3 J·m -2 ). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The XRD pattern of the ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite of the present application is shown.

[0027] Figure 2 The scanning electron microscope image of the ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite of the present application is shown.

[0028] Figure 3 The thermal expansion coefficient test results of the ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite of the present application are shown.

[0029] Figure 4 The thermal conductivity test results of the ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite of the present application are shown.

[0030] Figure 5 The three-point bending test results of the ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite of the present application are shown.

[0031] Figure 6 The three-point bending test fracture scanning electron microscope image of the ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite of the present application is shown.

[0032] Figure 7 The XRD pattern of the ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite of the present application is shown.

[0033] Figure 8 The optical microscope image of the ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite of the present application is shown.

[0034] Figure 9 The thermal expansion coefficient test results of the ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite of the present application are shown.

[0035] Figure 10 The thermal conductivity test results of the ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite of the present application are shown.

[0036] Figure 11The figure shows the three-point bending test results of the ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite material of the present application.

[0037] Figure 12 The figure shows the three-point bending test fracture surface scanning electron microscope image of the ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite material of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The embodiments of the present application are described below through specific examples.

[0039] Example 1: Low / zero expansion ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite material

[0040] The anti-perovskite ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite material with zero expansion, directional high thermal conductivity and strong toughness in this example is an ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite material prepared by spark plasma sintering, using negative expansion material ANMn3 / Al mixed powder as the dispersion layer and Al foil as the metal layer, and is denoted as ANMn3 / Al-Al.

[0041] The Al powder used in this example is a 2 series aluminum alloy powder.

[0042] The Al foil used in this example is a pure Al foil, and the thickness of the Al foil is 15-105 μm.

[0043] The preparation method of the anti-perovskite ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite material with zero expansion, directional high thermal conductivity and strong toughness in this example is as follows:

[0044] Step 1: Grind the negative thermal expansion material ANMn3 using a mortar, put it into a ball mill jar machine and ball mill at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 h, and after sieving, obtain ANMn3 powder with a particle size of 2-30 μm.

[0045] Step 2: Mix the negative thermal expansion material ANMn3 with Al powder, put it into a jar mill and mix at a speed of 200 r / min for 1 h to obtain a mixed powder. The volume ratio of the negative thermal expansion material ANMn3 to the Al powder is 39vol%:61vol% to 23vol%:77vol%.

[0046] Step 3: Use an oil stain cleaner to remove oil stains on the surface of the Al foil, and use a metal polish to soak the metal foil to remove the oxide layer on its surface, and use a punching machine to punch the Al foil into uniform-sized round pieces.

[0047] Step 4: Place the graphite indenter at one end into a cylindrical graphite mold, and then place the metal disc into the graphite mold (at this point, the inner diameter of the graphite mold cavity is the same as the diameter of the metal disc). Weigh the ANMn3 / Al mixed powder according to the designed composition and pour it into the graphite mold. Use a metal indenter with a surface roughness of less than 1 μm to place it into the graphite mold cavity. Rotate the metal indenter to flatten the ANMn3 / Al mixed powder and then cold press it. Repeat the above operation multiple times to obtain a layered preform of anti-perovskite ANMn3 / Al-Al foil. Place the preform into a discharge plasma sintering equipment for sintering; the sintering pressure is 50 MPa; heat to 200℃ at a rate of 50℃ / min, then to 300℃ at a rate of 40℃ / min, and finally to 420-470℃ at a rate of 25℃ / min and hold for 7 min. Cool to room temperature in the furnace to obtain the ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite material. The sample is processed into a suitable size using a cutting machine and used for testing physical properties such as coefficient of thermal expansion, microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity.

[0048] For the preparation of ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite materials, X-ray diffraction ( Figure 1 The results showed no obvious third-phase diffraction peaks, indicating that the reaction between the reinforcement and the aluminum matrix was controllable. This is beneficial for obtaining a good composite interface, thereby achieving excellent mechanical and thermal properties. The cross-sections of a series of ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite samples were characterized using optical microscopy. Figure 2 It can be clearly seen that the components are well integrated, and the thickness of the dispersion layer and the metal layer are consistent with the design. The thickness of the metal layer gradually increases, and the proportion of ANMn3 in the dispersion layer also continuously increases, maintaining the overall ANMn3 proportion of the system unchanged. Linear expansion coefficient test results ( Figure 3 This indicates that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the aluminum-based composite material remains constant with increasing metal layer thickness. In the 300-330K range, the linear thermal expansion coefficients α in the X, Y, and Z directions are... L =0-1ppm / K, in the range of 280-335K, the linear thermal expansion coefficient α of the material in the XYZ directions. L <5ppm / K. Figure 4 The results of thermal conductivity tests on a series of ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite samples in the temperature range of 220-360K are given. The thermal conductivity k = 96-120 W / (m·K) parallel to the layup direction and k = 84-14 W / (m·K) perpendicular to the layup direction. The thermal conductivity of ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composites is 30% higher than that of dispersed Al-based composites. Figure 5The three-point bending test results of the series of ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composites are given, and the elongation of the inverse perovskite ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite is increased by 500% compared with the Al-based composite with dispersed distribution. Figure 6 The scanning electron microscope images of the three-point bending fracture of the series of ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composites are given, and it can be seen that the crack deflects between the layers when the laminated sample is fractured (ANMn3 / Al-105 μm Al), and compared with the ANMn3 / Al composite with dispersion (39 vol% ANMn3 / Al), a large amount of energy is dissipated, and the fracture toughness of the material is greatly improved.

[0049] Example 2: Low / zero expansion ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite

[0050] The inverse perovskite ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite with zero expansion, directional high thermal conductivity and high toughness in this embodiment is an ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite prepared by spark plasma sintering using a negative expansion material ANMn3 / Cu mixed powder as a dispersion layer and a Cu foil as a metal layer, which is abbreviated as ANMn3 / Cu-Cu.

[0051] The Cu powder used in this embodiment is pure Cu powder.

[0052] The Cu foil used in this embodiment is a pure Cu foil, and the thickness of the Cu foil is 20-100 μm.

[0053] The preparation method of the inverse perovskite ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite with zero expansion, directional high thermal conductivity and high toughness in this embodiment is as follows:

[0054] Step 1: Grind the negative thermal expansion material ANMn3 using a mortar, put it into a ball mill jar machine, and ball mill at a speed of 400 r / min for 2 h, and after sieving, obtain ANMn3 powder with a particle size of 2-30 μm.

[0055] Step 2: Mix the negative thermal expansion material ANMn3 with Cu powder, put it into a jar mill, and mix at a speed of 200 r / min for 1 h to obtain a mixed powder. The volume ratio of the negative thermal expansion material ANMn3 to the Cu powder is 31 vol%:69 vol% to 62 vol%:38 vol%.

[0056] Step 3: Use an oil stain cleaner to remove oil stains on the surface of the Cu foil, and use a metal polishing agent to soak the Cu foil to remove the oxide layer on the surface of the Cu foil, and use a punching machine to punch the Cu foil into uniform-sized round pieces.

[0057] Step 4: Put the graphite press head at one end into the cylindrical graphite mold, put the metal disc into the graphite mold (at this time the inner cavity diameter of the graphite mold is consistent with the diameter of the metal disc), and pour the ANMn3 / Cu mixed powder into the graphite mold according to the designed composition, and then put the metal press head with a surface roughness of less than 1 μm into the cavity of the graphite mold, rotate the metal press head to flatten the ANMn3 / Cu mixed powder, and then cold-press it, and repeat the above operation multiple times to obtain the anti-perovskite ANMn3 / Cu-Cu layered preform. Put the preform into the spark plasma sintering equipment for sintering, and the sintering pressure is 50 MPa; heat to 200 ℃ at a rate of 50 ℃ / min, and then heat to 300 ℃ at a rate of 40 ℃ / min, and then heat to 600-650 ℃ at a rate of 25 ℃ / min and keep for 7 min, and then cool to room temperature in the furnace, to obtain the ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite; process it into a suitable size by a cutting machine, and use it for physical property testing such as thermal expansion coefficient, sample micro-morphology, mechanical property, and thermal conductivity.

[0058] For the prepared Cu-based composite, no obvious third phase diffraction peak was found in the X-ray diffraction Figure 7 ) results, which means that the reaction between the reinforcing phase and the Cu matrix is controllable, which is beneficial to obtain a good composite interface, so as to realize excellent mechanical and thermal properties. The cross-section of the series of ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite samples was characterized by scanning electron microscopy Figure 8 ), and it can be clearly seen that the phases are well combined, the thickness of the dispersion layer and the metal layer is consistent with the design, the thickness of the metal layer gradually increases, and the proportion of ANMn3 in the dispersion layer also increases, which maintains the proportion of ANMn3 in the whole system. The linear expansion coefficient test results Figure 9 ) show that with the increase of the thickness of the Cu layer, the expansion coefficient of the Cu-based composite remains unchanged. In the range of 278-308 K, the linear thermal expansion coefficient α L of the material in XYZ three directions is 0-1 ppm / K, and in the range of 265-315 K, the linear thermal expansion coefficient α L of the material in XYZ three directions is 6 ppm / K. Figure 10 The thermal conductivity test results of the series of ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite samples in the temperature range of 220-360 K are shown in Table 1, the thermal conductivity k parallel to the layering direction is 95-200 W / (m·K), and the thermal conductivity k perpendicular to the layering direction is 47-16 W / (m·K); the thermal conductivity of the ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite is improved by 230% compared with the dispersion distributed Cu-based composite; Figure 11The three-point bending test results of the series of ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composites are given, and the elongation of the anti-perovskite ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite is increased by 300% compared with the Cu-based composite with a dispersed distribution. Figure 12 The scanning electron microscope images of the three-point bending fracture of the series of ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composites are given, and it can be seen that a large number of tunnel cracks are generated when the laminated sample is fractured (ANMn3 / Cu-100 μm Cu), and compared with the ANMn3 / Cu composite with a dispersed distribution (31 vol% ANMn3 / Cu), a large amount of energy is dissipated, and the fracture toughness of the material is greatly improved.

Claims

1. An anti-perovskite / metal-metal laminated composite material with zero expansion, directional high thermal conductivity, and high toughness, characterized in that: The anti-perovskite / metal-metal laminated composite material is composed of an alternating distribution of a dispersion layer and a metal layer; wherein the thickness of a single dispersion layer is 10 μm, and the thickness of a single metal layer is 15-105 μm; The composition and structure of the dispersion layer are as follows: anti-perovskite ANMn3 accounts for 30-70% of the volume fraction of the dispersion layer, and the remainder is metal powder; the metal layer is a metal foil material. The particle size of the anti-perovskite ANMn3 is 2-30 μm, and the particle size of the metal powder is 1-5 μm. The metal powder is Al powder or Cu powder; When the metal powder is Al powder, the volume ratio of ANMn3 powder to Al powder is 39 vol%:61 vol% to 23 vol%:77 vol%. When the metal powder is Cu powder, the volume ratio of ANMn3 powder to Cu powder is 31 vol%: 69 vol% to 62 vol%: 38 vol%.

2. The method for preparing the anti-perovskite / metal-metal laminated composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step 1: Grind the negative thermal expansion material ANMn3 in a mortar and pestle and then ball mill it. After sieving, obtain ANMn3 powder with a particle size of 2-30μm. Step 2: Mix the ANMn3 powder obtained in Step 1 with the metal powder, and put them into a grinding mill to mix, so as to obtain ANMn3 / metal mixed powder; Step 3: Use an oil stain remover to remove oil stains from the surface of the metal foil, and use a metal polishing agent to soak the metal foil to remove the oxide layer on its surface. Use a punching machine to punch the metal foil into uniformly sized round sheets. Step 4: Place the metal disc obtained in Step 3 into a graphite mold, weigh the ANMn3 / metal mixed powder according to the design composition and pour it into the graphite mold, and use a metal pressure head with a surface roughness of less than 1μm to place it into the graphite mold cavity. Rotate the metal pressure head to flatten the ANMn3 / metal mixed powder and then cold press it; repeat the above operation to obtain the layered preform of anti-perovskite ANMn3 / metal-metal foil; Step 5: Place the graphite mold and the anti-perovskite ANMn3 / metal-metal foil layered preform obtained in Step 4 into a discharge plasma sintering equipment and sinter under vacuum to obtain the anti-perovskite ANMn3 / metal-metal laminated composite material. When preparing a layered preform using Al powder as the metal powder, in step 5, a pressure of 50MPa is applied by a discharge plasma sintering device, the temperature is raised to 420-470℃ and held for 6-7 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature in the furnace to obtain ANMn3 / Al-Al laminated composite material. When preparing a layered preform using Cu powder as the metal powder, in step 5, a pressure of 50 MPa is applied through a discharge plasma sintering device, the temperature is raised to 600-650℃ and held for 6-7 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature in the furnace to obtain the ANMn3 / Cu-Cu laminated composite material.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 3, the metal foil is an Al foil or a Cu foil; the Al foil has a thickness of 15-105 μm; and the Cu foil has a thickness of 20-100 μm.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 5, sintering under vacuum means controlling the gas pressure to be less than 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. -2 MPa.

5. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When preparing a layered preform from Al powder, in step 5, the heating rate is controlled as follows: first, heat to 200°C at a rate of 50°C / min, then heat to 300°C at a rate of 40°C / min, and finally heat to 420-470°C at a rate of 25°C / min and hold for 6-7 minutes, then cool to room temperature with the furnace.

6. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When preparing a layered preform using Cu powder as the metal powder, in step 5, the heating rate is controlled as follows: first, heat to 200°C at a rate of 50°C / min, then heat to 300°C at a rate of 40°C / min, and finally heat to 600-650°C at a rate of 25°C / min and hold for 6-7 minutes, then cool to room temperature with the furnace.

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