A power battery SOP switching control method based on a reservoir model

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of automobile technology, specifically, a power battery SOP switching control method based on a reservoir model. Determine the maximum allowable power Map under different states of the power battery charging direction and discharging direction; Step two, switch the maximum allowable power Map based on the power battery operating conditions; Step three, establish a reservoir model according to the maximum allowable power Map, calculate the available power of the power battery, and send it to the controller. The present invention completes the estimation of the SOP value through test data, sends the SOP estimation value to other controllers on the vehicle side, and completes the power switching under different loads or charging conditions in real time, which has very obvious advantages in calculation method and software implementation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of automobile technology, and specifically is a power battery SOP switching control method based on a water reservoir model. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the accuracy of power battery state estimation has attracted much attention. Battery peak state power (SOP) is defined as the maximum power absorbed and released by the power battery in the current state, which can be used to represent the power-related limit capacity of the power battery. The main SOP estimation algorithms used in the market are model-based methods and data-driven methods. Among them, (1) the model-based estimation algorithm uses the electrochemical model of the power battery to establish the power battery voltage and current parameters, and simultaneously considers the thermodynamic characteristics to form the battery SOP estimation formula, which has high requirements on the accuracy of power battery modeling; (2) the data-driven estimation algorithm treats the power battery as a complex black box system, and uses advanced algorithms such as neural network methods and feature map methods to train and output a large amount of key power battery data, forming a statistical relationship between the power battery's own sampled data input and available power output, and encapsulating it into a software module. Data-driven algorithms require a large amount of static data for model training, and are not suitable for real-time dynamic estimation and adjustment under actual vehicle conditions. Summary of the invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a power battery SOP switching control method based on a reservoir model, which estimates the SOP value through test data, sends the SOP estimation value to other controllers on the vehicle side, and completes power switching under different loads or charging conditions in real time, which has obvious advantages in calculation method and software implementation.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is described as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0005] A power battery SOP switching control method based on a water reservoir model comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Determine the maximum allowable power map of the power battery in different states of charging direction and discharging direction;

[0007] Step 2: Switch the maximum allowable power Map based on the power battery operating conditions;

[0008] Step 3: Establish a reservoir model based on the maximum allowable power Map, calculate the available power of the power battery, and send it to the controller.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific method of step one is as follows:

[0010] 11) Place the power battery in a constant temperature environment until thermal equilibrium is reached;

[0011] 12) After 1 / 3C constant current discharge to the discharge cut-off voltage of 2.5V, let it stand for 30 minutes;

[0012] 13) 1 / 3C constant current and constant voltage charging to the charging cut-off voltage of 3.65V, cut-off current of 0.05C, and stand for 30 minutes;

[0013] 14) Repeat 3 times;

[0014] 15) Test the maximum power with voltage within 100mV under different SOC;

[0015] 16) A Map table is obtained, in which the horizontal axis is SOC, the vertical axis is temperature, and the data in the middle area is the maximum power capability under the corresponding conditions.

[0016] Furthermore, in the step 1, the maximum allowable power of the power battery includes 10s power, i.e. short-time power, 30s power, i.e. constant-time power, and 60s power, i.e. long-time power.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific method of step 2 is as follows:

[0018] 21) Define the switching conditions of the maximum allowable power Map;

[0019] 22) When the maximum allowable power Map meets the switching conditions, the state switching of short-term power, long-term power and constant power is performed to realize dynamic adjustment of the power battery SOP.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 21), the switching condition of the maximum allowable power Map is:

[0021] ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.5~0.8)*(P ins -P con )*10;

[0022] ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.2)*(P ins -P con )*10;

[0023] ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.4~0.9)*(P long -P con )*30;

[0024] ∫(P real -P con)dt<(0.3~0.5)*(P long -P con )*30.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 22), according to the maximum allowable power map switching condition, the specific method for switching the power map is as follows:

[0026] When ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.5~0.8)*(P ins -P con )*10, the short-term power is switched from 10s power to 30s power, that is, when the actual load demand power is continuously greater than the integral fixed multiple of the difference between the instantaneous power and the constant power, it is considered that the current operation is overpowered, and power limiting operation is required, so power switching is performed;

[0027] Where P real is the current real power; P con P is the 30s power obtained from the power battery test; ins The 10s power obtained from the power battery test;

[0028] When ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.2)*(P ins -P con )*10, the short-term power is switched from 30s power to 10s power, and the recovery rate is 15kW / s. That is, when the actual load demand power is continuously less than the integral fixed multiple of the difference between the instantaneous power and the constant power, it is considered that the current power is in normal operation, and it is necessary to restore the normal power operation;

[0029] When ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.4~0.9)*(P long -P con )*30, the long-term power is switched from 30s power to 60s power, and the switching rate is 15kW / s. That is, when the actual load demand power is continuously greater than the integral fixed multiple of the difference between the long-term power and the constant power, it is considered that the current operation is overpowered, and power limiting operation is required, so power switching is performed;

[0030] When ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.3~0.5)*(P long -P con)*30, the long-term power is switched from 60s power to 30s power, and the recovery rate is 15kW / s. That is, when the actual load demand power is continuously less than the integral fixed multiple of the difference between the long-term power and the constant power, it is considered that the current power is in normal operation, and it is necessary to restore the normal power operation.

[0031] Furthermore, the specific method of step three is as follows:

[0032] 31) The available power and power release capacity of the power battery are abstracted into a dynamic water reservoir, and a water reservoir model of the power battery under discharge and charging conditions is established according to the switched maximum allowable power Map;

[0033] 32) A power battery SOP model is established based on the reservoir model of the power battery under discharge and charging conditions to calculate the effective power battery available power, and send it to the controller; the power battery available power includes the available power when the power battery is in the discharge direction and the available power when the power battery is in the charging direction.

[0034] Further, in the step 31),

[0035] When ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.5~0.8)*(P ins -P con )*10, the maximum capacity of the water reservoir is switched to

[0036] Where P ins P is the 10s power obtained from the power battery test; con The 30s power obtained from the power battery test;

[0037] When ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.2)*(P ins -P con )*10, the maximum capacity of the water reservoir is switched to

[0038] Where P ins P is the 10s power obtained from the power battery test; long The 60s power obtained from the power battery test;

[0039] When ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.4~0.9)*(P long -P con )*30, the maximum capacity of the water reservoir switches to

[0040] Where Pcon P is the 30s power obtained from the power battery test; long The 60s power obtained from the power battery test;

[0041] When ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.3~0.5)*(P long -P con )*30, the maximum capacity of the water reservoir switches to

[0042] Where P ins P is the 10s power obtained from the power battery test; long It is the 60s power obtained from the power battery test.

[0043] Further, in the step 32),

[0044] The calculation method for the available power of the power battery when it is in the discharge direction is as follows:

[0045] a1) Calculate the water level h of the reservoir as follows:

[0046]

[0047] Where V out is the output flow, the actual power required by the external load; V in is the input flow rate, the maximum available power of the power battery under current conditions;

[0048] b1) When the water level h of the reservoir is lower than the warning water level h warn When the available power of the power battery is in the discharge direction, it is equal to the current minimum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is higher than the warning water level h recovery When the available power of the power battery is in the discharge direction, it is equal to the current maximum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is at the middle value and the water level h of the reservoir is lower than the warning water level h at the last moment warn When the available power of the power battery is in the discharge direction, it is equal to the current minimum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is at the middle value and the water level of the reservoir is higher than the warning water level h recovery When the power battery is in the discharge direction, the available power is equal to the current maximum available power; that is, the calculation method of the power battery available power is as follows:

[0049]

[0050] Where h is the current capacity value calculated by input flow, output flow, and maximum capacity of the reservoir; P sustained，N is the minimum value of the current battery discharge power Map, i.e., the trough; P peak，Nis the maximum value of the current battery discharge power Map, i.e., the peak value; h warn The value of underpower under the current battery discharge power map, which is 0.05*P peak，N ;h recovery It is the value of the recovery power under the current battery discharge power map, which is 0.95*P peak，N ;P useable，N is the available power calculated based on the reservoir model.

[0051] Further, in the step 32),

[0052] The calculation method for the available power when the power battery is in the charging direction is as follows:

[0053] a2) Calculate the water level h of the reservoir as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Where V in is the input flow, the actual power flowing into the battery pack from the outside; V out is the output flow, the maximum available power of the power battery under current conditions;

[0056] b2) When the water level h of the reservoir is lower than the warning water level h warn When the available power of the power battery in the charging direction is equal to the current minimum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is higher than the warning water level h recovery When the available power of the power battery is in the charging direction, it is equal to the current maximum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is at the middle value and the water level h of the reservoir is lower than the warning water level h at the last moment warn When the available power of the power battery in the charging direction is equal to the current minimum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is at the middle value and the water level h of the reservoir is higher than the warning water level h recovery When the power battery is in the charging direction, the available power is equal to the current maximum available power; that is, the calculation method of the power battery available power is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Where h is the current capacity value calculated by input flow, output flow, and maximum capacity of the reservoir; P sustained，N is the minimum value of the current battery charging power Map, i.e., the trough; P peak,N h is the maximum value of the current battery charging power Map, i.e., the peak value; warn The value of overpower under the current battery charging power map, which is 0.05*P peak,N ;h recoveryThe value of the recovery power under the current battery charging power map, which is 0.95*P peak,N ;P useable，N is the available power calculated based on the reservoir model.

[0059] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0060] The present invention maximizes the discharge / charge capacity of the battery while meeting the safety conditions of the power battery; the present invention estimates the SOP value through test data, sends the SOP estimation value to other controllers on the vehicle side, and completes power switching under different loads or charging conditions in real time, which has very obvious advantages in terms of calculation method and software implementation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0062] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a power battery SOP switching control method based on a water reservoir model according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a water reservoir model of a power battery in a discharge condition;

[0064] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the water tank model when the power battery is in charging condition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0067] See also Figure 1The present invention provides a power battery SOP switching control method based on a water reservoir model, comprising the following steps:

[0068] Step 1: Determine the available power map of the power battery in different states of charging and discharging directions, as follows:

[0069] The discharge power Map and charging power Map of the power battery based on the test are divided into 10s power, i.e. short-time power, 30s power, i.e. constant-time power, and 60s power, i.e. long-time power.

[0070] 11) Place the power battery in a constant temperature environment until thermal equilibrium is reached;

[0071] 12) After 1 / 3C constant current discharge to the discharge cut-off voltage of 2.5V, let it stand for 30 minutes;

[0072] 13) 1 / 3C constant current and constant voltage charging to the charging cut-off voltage of 3.65V, cut-off current of 0.05C, and stand for 30 minutes;

[0073] 14) Repeat 3 times;

[0074] 15) Test the maximum power with voltage within 100mV under different SOC;

[0075] 16) A Map table is obtained, as described in Table 1, where the horizontal axis of the Map table is SOC, the vertical axis is temperature, and the data in the middle area is the maximum power capability under the corresponding conditions.

[0076] Table 1 Power battery power map

[0077]

[0078] Step 2: Switch the maximum allowable power map based on the power battery operating conditions. The specific method is as follows:

[0079] 21) Define the switching conditions of the maximum allowable power Map;

[0080] The switching conditions of the maximum allowable power map are:

[0081] ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.5~0.8)*(P ins -P con )*10;

[0082] ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.2)*(P ins -P con )*10;

[0083] ∫(Preal -P con )dt≥(0.4~0.9)*(P long -P con )*30;

[0084] ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.3~0.5)*(P long -P con )*30.

[0085] 22) When the maximum allowable power Map meets the switching conditions, the state switching of short-term power, long-term power and constant power is performed to achieve dynamic adjustment of the power battery SOP;

[0086] When ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.5~0.8)*(P ins -P con )*10, the short-term power is switched from 10s power to 30s power, that is, when the actual load demand power is continuously greater than the integral fixed multiple of the difference between the instantaneous power and the constant power, it is considered that the current operation is overpowered, and power limiting operation is required, so power switching is performed;

[0087] Where P real is the current real power; P con P is the 30s power obtained from the power battery test; ins The 10s power obtained from the power battery test;

[0088] When ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.2)*(P ins -P con )*10, the short-term power is switched from 30s power to 10s power, and the recovery rate is 15kW / s. That is, when the actual load demand power is continuously less than the integral fixed multiple of the difference between the instantaneous power and the constant power, it is considered that the current power is in normal operation, and it is necessary to restore the normal power operation;

[0089] When ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.4~0.9)*(P long -P con )*30, the long-term power is switched from 30s power to 60s power, and the switching rate is 15kW / s. That is, when the actual load demand power is continuously greater than the integral fixed multiple of the difference between the long-term power and the constant power, it is considered that the current operation is overpowered, and power limiting operation is required, so power switching is performed;

[0090] When ∫(Preal -P con )dt<(0.3~0.5)*(P long -P con )*30, the long-term power is switched from 60s power to 30s power, and the recovery rate is 15kW / s. That is, when the actual load demand power is continuously less than the integral fixed multiple of the difference between the long-term power and the constant power, it is considered that the current power is in normal operation, and it is necessary to restore the normal power operation.

[0091] Step 3: Establish a reservoir model based on the maximum allowable power Map, calculate the available power of the power battery, and send it to the controller.

[0092] 31) The available power and power release capacity of the power battery are abstracted into a dynamic water reservoir model, and the water reservoir model of the power battery under discharge and charging conditions is established according to the switched maximum allowable power Map;

[0093] When ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.5~0.8)*(P ins -P con )*10, the maximum capacity of the reservoir model is switched to

[0094] Where P ins P is the 10s power obtained from the power battery test; con The 30s power obtained from the power battery test;

[0095] When ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.2)*(P ins -P con )*10, the maximum capacity of the reservoir model is switched to

[0096] Where P ins P is the 10s power obtained from the power battery test; long The 60s power obtained from the power battery test;

[0097] When ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.4~0.9)*(P long - Pcon )*30, the maximum capacity of the reservoir model switches to

[0098] Where P con P is the 30s power obtained from the power battery test; long The 60s power obtained from the power battery test;

[0099] When ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.3~0.5)*(P long -P con )*30, the maximum capacity of the reservoir model switches to

[0100] Where P ins P is the 10s power obtained from the power battery test; long It is the 60s power obtained from the power battery test.

[0101] The power battery reservoir model can be adjusted dynamically with the real value of Map (10s power, 30s power and 60s power). The 60s power indicates the power that the power battery can maintain stably under fixed working conditions for a long time. If the external load demand increases instantly, the reservoir capacity needs to be further expanded.

[0102] 32) A power battery SOP model is established based on the reservoir model of the power battery under discharge and charging conditions to calculate the effective power battery available power, and send it to the controller; the power battery available power includes the available power when the power battery is in the discharge direction and the available power when the power battery is in the charging direction.

[0103] The calculation method for the available power of the power battery when it is in the discharge direction is as follows:

[0104] a1) Calculate the water level h of the reservoir as follows:

[0105]

[0106] Where V out is the output flow, the actual power required by the external load; V in is the input flow rate, the maximum available power of the power battery under current conditions;

[0107] b1) When the water level h of the reservoir is lower than the warning water level h warn When the available power of the power battery is in the discharge direction, it is equal to the current minimum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is higher than the warning water level h recovery When the available power of the power battery is in the discharge direction, it is equal to the current maximum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is at the middle value and the water level h of the reservoir is lower than the warning water level h at the last moment warn When the available power of the power battery is in the discharge direction, it is equal to the current minimum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is at the middle value and the water level of the reservoir is higher than the warning water level h recoveryWhen the power battery is in the discharge direction, the available power is equal to the current maximum available power; that is, the calculation method of the power battery available power is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] Where h is the current capacity value calculated by input flow, output flow, and maximum capacity of the reservoir; P sustained，N is the minimum value of the current battery discharge power Map, i.e., the trough; P peak，N is the maximum value of the current battery discharge power Map, i.e., the peak value; h warn The value of underpower under the current battery discharge power map, which is 0.05*P peak，N ;h recovery It is the value of the recovery power under the current battery discharge power map, which is 0.95*P peak，N ;P useable，N is the available power calculated based on the reservoir model.

[0110] The calculation method for the available power when the power battery is in the charging direction is as follows:

[0111] a2) Calculate the water level h of the reservoir as follows:

[0112]

[0113] Where V in is the input flow, the actual power flowing into the battery pack from the outside; V out is the output flow, the maximum available power of the power battery under current conditions;

[0114] b2) When the water level h of the reservoir is lower than the warning water level h warn When the available power of the power battery in the charging direction is equal to the current minimum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is higher than the warning water level h recovery When the available power of the power battery is in the charging direction, it is equal to the current maximum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is at the middle value and the water level h of the reservoir is lower than the warning water level h at the last moment warn When the available power of the power battery in the charging direction is equal to the current minimum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is at the middle value and the water level h of the reservoir is higher than the warning water level h recovery When the power battery is in the charging direction, the available power is equal to the current maximum available power; that is, the calculation method of the power battery available power is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] Where h is the current capacity value calculated by input flow, output flow, and maximum capacity of the reservoir; Psustained，N is the minimum value of the current battery charging power Map, i.e., the trough; P peak,N h is the maximum value of the current battery charging power Map, i.e., the peak value; warn The value of overpower under the current battery charging power map, which is 0.05*P peak,N ;h recovery The value of the recovery power under the current battery charging power map, which is 0.95*P peak,N ;P useable，N is the available power calculated based on the reservoir model.

[0117] In summary, the present invention forms a power map under fixed test conditions based on the power battery, selects the SOP values ​​under different SOCs and temperatures by looking up the table, distinguishes whether the power battery is currently operating in a discharge condition or a charging condition, and forms a dedicated reservoir model. The effective current available power is calculated under a specific reservoir model, while considering the different power requirements of the power battery during actual operation, and the state switching of short-term power, long-term power, and constant power is performed to achieve dynamic adjustment of the power battery SOP. Under the condition of meeting the safety conditions of the power battery, the discharge / charging capacity of the battery is maximized. Compared with the SOP estimation method that requires high computing power in the industry, the present invention completes the estimation of the SOP value through test data, sends the SOP estimation value to other controllers on the vehicle side, and completes the power switching under different loads or charging conditions in real time, which has very obvious advantages in terms of calculation method and software implementation.

[0118] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and implementation mode. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily realized. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described here.

Claims

1. A power battery SOP switching control method based on a reservoir model, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Determine the maximum allowable power map of the power battery in different states of charging and discharging directions; Step 2: Switch the maximum allowable power Map based on the power battery operating conditions; Step 3: Establish a water reservoir model based on the maximum allowable power Map, calculate the available power of the power battery, and send it to the controller; The specific method of step one is as follows: 11) Place the power battery in a constant temperature environment until thermal equilibrium is reached; 12) After 1 / 3C constant current discharge to the discharge cut-off voltage of 2.5V, let it stand for 30 minutes; 13) 1 / 3C constant current and constant voltage charging to the charging cut-off voltage of 3.65V, cut-off current of 0.05C, and stand for 30 minutes; 14) Repeat 3 times; 15) Test the maximum power with voltage within 100mV under different SOC; 16) A Map table is obtained, where the horizontal axis of the Map table is SOC, the vertical axis is temperature, and the data in the middle area is the maximum power capability under the corresponding conditions.

2. According to claim 1, a power battery SOP switching control method based on a reservoir model is characterized in that: In the step 1, the maximum allowable power of the power battery includes 10s power, i.e. short-time power, 30s power, i.e. constant-time power, and 60s power, i.e. long-time power.

3. According to a power battery SOP switching control method based on a reservoir model according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The specific method of step 2 is as follows: 21) Define the switching conditions of the maximum allowable power Map; 22) When the maximum allowable power Map meets the switching conditions, the state switching of short-term power, long-term power and constant power is performed to realize dynamic adjustment of the power battery SOP.

4. According to claim 3, a power battery SOP switching control method based on a reservoir model is characterized in that: In step 21), the switching condition of the maximum allowable power Map is: ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0·5~0·8)*(P ins -P con )*10; ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.2)*(P ins -P con )*10; ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0·4~0.9)*(P long -P con )*30; ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.3~0.5)*(P long -P con )*30; Where P real is the current real power; P con P is the 30s power obtained from the power battery test; in P is the 10s power obtained from the power battery test; long It is the 60s power obtained from the power battery test.

5. According to claim 4, a power battery SOP switching control method based on a reservoir model is characterized in that: In step 22), according to the maximum allowable power map switching condition, the specific method of switching the power map is as follows: When ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.5~0.8)*(P ins -P con )*10, the short-term power is switched from 10s power to 30s power, that is, when the actual load demand power is continuously greater than the integral fixed multiple of the difference between the instantaneous power and the constant power, it is considered that the current operation is overpowered, and power limiting operation is required, so power switching is performed; Where P real is the current real power; P con P is the 30s power obtained from the power battery test; in It is the 10s power obtained from the power battery test; When ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0·2)*(P ins -P con )*10, the short-term power is switched from 30s power to 10s power, and the recovery rate is 15kW / s. That is, when the actual load demand power is continuously less than the integral fixed multiple of the difference between the instantaneous power and the constant power, it is considered that the current power is in normal operation, and it is necessary to restore the normal power operation; When ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.4~0.9)*(P long -P con )*30, the long-term power is switched from 30s power to 60s power, and the switching rate is 15kW / s. That is, when the actual load demand power is continuously greater than the integral fixed multiple of the difference between the long-term power and the constant power, it is considered that the current operation is overpowered, and power limiting operation is required, so power switching is performed; When ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.3~0.5)*(P long -P con )*30, the long-term power is switched from 60s power to 30s power, and the recovery rate is 15kW / s. That is, when the actual load demand power is continuously less than the integral fixed multiple of the difference between the long-term power and the constant power, it is considered that the current power is in normal operation, and it is necessary to restore the normal power operation.

6. According to claim 5, a power battery SOP switching control method based on a reservoir model is characterized in that: The specific method of step three is as follows: 31) The available power and power release capacity of the power battery are abstracted into a dynamic reservoir model, and the reservoir model of the power battery under discharge and charging conditions is established according to the switched maximum allowable power Map; 32) A power battery SOP model is established based on the reservoir model of the power battery under discharge and charging conditions to calculate the effective power battery available power, and send it to the controller; the power battery available power includes the available power when the power battery is in the discharge direction and the available power when the power battery is in the charging direction.

7. According to claim 6, a power battery SOP switching control method based on a reservoir model is characterized in that: In the step 31), When ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.5~0.8)*(P ins -P con )*10, the maximum capacity of the reservoir model is switched to Where P ins P is the 10s power obtained from the power battery test; con Q is the 30s power obtained from the power battery test; max is the maximum capacity of the reservoir; When ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.2)*(P ins -P con )*10, the maximum capacity of the reservoir model is switched to Where P ins P is the 10s power obtained from the power battery test; long The 60s power obtained from the power battery test; When ∫(P real -P con )dt≥(0.4~0.9)*(P long -P con )*30, the maximum capacity of the reservoir model switches to Where P con P is the 30s power obtained from the power battery test; long The 60s power obtained from the power battery test; When ∫(P real -P con )dt<(0.3~0.5)*(P long -P con )*30, the maximum capacity of the reservoir model switches to Where P ins P is the 10s power obtained from the power battery test; long It is the 60s power obtained from the power battery test.

8. According to claim 6, a power battery SOP switching control method based on a reservoir model is characterized in that: In the step 32), The calculation method for the available power of the power battery when it is in the discharge direction is as follows: a1) Calculate the water level h of the reservoir as follows: Where V out is the output flow, the actual power required by the external load; V in is the input flow rate, the maximum available power of the power battery under current conditions; b1) When the water level h of the reservoir is lower than the warning water level h warn When the available power of the power battery is in the discharge direction, it is equal to the current minimum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is higher than the warning water level h recovery When the available power of the power battery is in the discharge direction, it is equal to the current maximum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is at the middle value and the water level h of the reservoir is lower than the warning water level h at the last moment warn When the available power of the power battery is in the discharge direction, it is equal to the current minimum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is at the middle value and the water level of the reservoir is higher than the warning water level h recovery When the power battery is in the discharge direction, the available power is equal to the current maximum available power; that is, the calculation method of the power battery available power is as follows: Where h is the current capacity value calculated by input flow, output flow, and maximum capacity of the reservoir; P sustained，N is the minimum value of the current battery discharge power Map, i.e., the trough; P peak,N is the maximum value of the current battery discharge power Map, i.e., the peak value; h warn The value of underpower under the current battery discharge power map, which is 0.05*P peak,N ;h recovery It is the value of the recovery power under the current battery discharge power map, which is 0.95*P peak，N ;P useable，N is the available power calculated based on the reservoir model; P useable，N-1 P is the available power calculated based on the reservoir model at the previous moment; peak，N-1 is the maximum value of the battery discharge power Map at the previous moment; P sustained，N-1 It is the minimum value of the battery discharge power Map at the previous moment.

9. According to claim 6, a power battery SOP switching control method based on a reservoir model is characterized in that: In the step 32), The calculation method for the available power when the power battery is in the charging direction is as follows: a2) Calculate the water level h of the reservoir as follows: Where V in is the input flow, the actual power flowing into the battery pack from the outside; V out is the output flow, the maximum available power of the power battery under current conditions; b2) When the water level h of the reservoir is lower than the warning water level h warn When the available power of the power battery in the charging direction is equal to the current minimum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is higher than the warning water level h recovery When the available power of the power battery in the charging direction is equal to the current maximum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is at the middle value and the water level h of the reservoir is lower than the warning water level h at the previous moment warn When the available power of the power battery in the charging direction is equal to the current minimum available power; when the water level h of the reservoir is at the middle value and the water level h of the reservoir is higher than the warning water level h recovery When the power battery is in the charging direction, the available power is equal to the current maximum available power; that is, the calculation method of the power battery available power is as follows: Where h is the current capacity value calculated by input flow, output flow, and maximum capacity of the reservoir; P sustained，N is the minimum value of the current battery charging power Map, i.e., the trough; P peak，N h is the maximum value of the current battery charging power Map, i.e., the peak value; warn The value of overpower under the current battery charging power map, which is 0.05*P peak，N ;h recovery The value of the recovery power under the current battery charging power map, which is 0.95*P peak,N ;P useable，N is the available power calculated based on the reservoir model.

Images