A hanging basket for variable cross-slope bridge construction and a method of using the same

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of bridge construction technology, specifically to a formwork system for construction of bridges with varying cross slopes and its usage method. The system includes a frame mechanism, a cantilever mechanism, a counter-jacking mechanism, a pouring platform mechanism, and a beam formwork mechanism. This invention enables the formwork system to move using independent lifting and walking units. By controlling the extension of each independent lifting and walking unit with the aid of a level measuring instrument, the formwork system can maintain a horizontal position and move smoothly. This avoids the track distortion and large pre-construction requirements associated with existing diamond-shaped formwork systems for bridges with varying cross slopes. The independent lifting and support units allow the formwork system to adapt to the top slope of the bridge with varying cross slopes, and the counter-jacking mechanism at the bottom of the bridge cancels out the torque at the formwork end, preventing the system from overturning. The system boasts high stability and a simple structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction technology, specifically to a formwork for construction of bridges with variable cross slopes and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge formwork construction is a common method for cantilever beam casting. Currently, commonly used formwork structures include triangular and diamond-shaped formwork. These existing formworks are all set on top of the beam. To ensure stability during the formwork construction process, a track-based method is usually used. However, for bridges with varying cross slopes, the track may twist during installation due to the variable cross slope, thus hindering the stability of the formwork. Although existing technologies use pre-cast support leveling layers to avoid these adverse situations, this obviously increases the construction work. Furthermore, pouring concrete requires pre-formwork, measuring the height, and waiting for it to solidify, which also consumes a considerable amount of time and is not conducive to construction efficiency.

[0003] Meanwhile, in order to counteract the moment at the end of the hanging basket, precision-rolled threaded steel bars must be pre-embedded in the already poured beam as a rear anchor or load balancing weight. When the hanging basket moves, it is also necessary to set up anti-tension supports, sliding tracks and sliding track anchoring steel bars, which also makes the construction more complicated and does not benefit the construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the issues of track distortion risk, large workload of pre-cast support leveling layer, and complex anti-tension mechanism construction required for offsetting torque in existing hanging basket systems for bridges with varying cross slopes, this invention provides a hanging basket for construction of bridges with varying cross slopes and its usage method to solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A formwork for construction of bridges with varying cross slopes includes a frame mechanism, a cantilever mechanism, a jacking mechanism, a pouring platform mechanism, and a beam formwork mechanism. The frame mechanism includes a cubic frame set on the top of the bridge and multiple I-beams set on the upper, lower, front, and rear four edges of the cubic frame. A pair of independent lifting and walking units are set on the front and rear sides of the cubic frame, and multiple independent lifting and supporting units are set on both sides of the cubic frame.

[0007] The cantilever mechanism includes L-shaped cantilever arms located on both sides of the cubic frame and on both sides of the bridge. The upper inner side of the L-shaped cantilever arms is connected to the upper outer end of the multi-section I-beam via telescopic sliding units.

[0008] The anti-top mechanism includes a first transverse horizontal connecting frame that is inserted between the two L-shaped cantilever arms using a sliding sleeve and located at the bottom of the bridge. The anti-top mechanism also includes an anti-top telescopic unit installed in the middle of the first transverse horizontal connecting frame and with the top of its telescopic end abutting against the bottom of the bridge.

[0009] The pouring platform mechanism includes a second transverse horizontal connecting frame that is inserted between the two L-shaped cantilever arms using sliding sleeves and located at the outer end of the bridge. The pouring platform mechanism also includes push-pull telescopic units installed at the four bottom corners of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame, with the outer ends of the four corner push-pull telescopic units respectively installed at the inner bottom of the two L-shaped cantilever arms; and...

[0010] The beam formwork mechanism is located on top of the casting platform mechanism;

[0011] Each of the independent lifting and walking units includes a rocker arm. One end of the rocker arm is rotatably connected to the lower part of the front and rear sides of the cubic frame, and the other end of the rocker arm is provided with an independent drive wheel. A first hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the middle of the top of the rocker arm, and the top of the first hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the middle of the front and rear sides of the cubic frame.

[0012] Each of the independent lifting support units includes a second hydraulic cylinder, which is vertically installed on both sides of the cubic frame. The bottom of the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to a first support pad, and the bottom of the first support pad abuts against the top of the bridge.

[0013] Both sides of the L-shaped cantilever include a longitudinal horizontal connecting frame. A column arm is vertically installed at one inner end and the middle of the inner side of the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame. A cross arm is installed at the upper, middle and lower parts of the inner side of the column arm.

[0014] Each telescopic sliding unit includes a reverse-locking wheel slider, which is slidably disposed at both ends of the top of the multi-section I-beam. A third hydraulic cylinder is installed on the inner side of each reverse-locking wheel slider, and a stop is installed at the cylinder end of each third hydraulic cylinder. The stop is installed on both sides of the top of the multi-section I-beam. The upper and middle cross arms are respectively installed on the top of the reverse-locking wheel slider.

[0015] The anti-top telescopic unit includes a fifth hydraulic cylinder vertically installed in the middle of the first transverse horizontal connecting frame. The top of the telescopic end of the fifth hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to a third support pad, and the top of the third support pad abuts against the bottom of the bridge.

[0016] The push-pull telescopic unit includes wedge seats installed at the four corners of the bottom of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame. A sixth hydraulic cylinder is installed transversely on the outer side of each wedge seat, and the cylinder end of the sixth hydraulic cylinder is respectively installed on the inner side of the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the beam formwork mechanism includes pad beams evenly laid on the top of the second transverse flat frame, and a bottom template is laid on the top of the pad beams, with the top surface of the bottom template correspondingly aligned with the bottom surface of the bridge.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the beam formwork mechanism further includes side scaffolding installed at one end of the inner side of the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame on both sides. The inner side of the side scaffolding is covered with side templates, and the inner side of the side templates is aligned with the two sides of the bridge respectively. The bottom of the side templates is tightly fitted to the top two sides of the bottom template.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the beam formwork mechanism further includes a core mold disposed in the middle above the bottom formwork, wherein the inner port of the core mold is aligned with the inner cavity port of the bridge.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the beam mold mechanism further includes an end mold disposed at the outer port of the core mold, the bottom of the end mold being tightly fitted to the top outer side of the bottom template, and the two sides of the end mold being respectively tightly fitted to the inner outer ends of the side template.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the independent drive wheel includes a hub motor and tires mounted outside the rotor of the hub motor. The stator end of the hub motor is respectively mounted on the other end of the rocker arm, and the axial center lines between the four tires are parallel to each other.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cantilever mechanism further includes a side push unit installed on the side of each of the lower horizontal arms. Each side push unit includes a fourth hydraulic cylinder installed laterally on the side of each of the lower horizontal arms. The inner side of the telescopic end of each fourth hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to a second support pad, and the inner side of the second support pad abuts against the side of the bridge.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for using a formwork for construction of a bridge with a variable cross slope includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Construct Bridge #0 according to the construction design requirements for bridges with varying cross slopes;

[0025] Step 2: Hoist a frame structure at the top end of Bridge #0. With the help of a level measuring instrument, the second hydraulic cylinders at each point are extended accordingly. The first support pads are used to press against the top of Bridge #0 to support the cubic frame and maintain its levelness, that is, to keep the multi-section I-beams in a horizontal state.

[0026] Step 3: Install sliding reverse-locking wheel sliders on the top of both ends of each multi-section I-beam, and then install the corresponding third hydraulic cylinder on the inner side of each reverse-locking wheel slider. Fix the abutment on both sides of the top of the multi-section I-beam, and finally install the cylinder body end of the third hydraulic cylinder on the side of the abutment.

[0027] Step 4: Pre-assemble and install the L-shaped cantilever on the ground, and install the cross arms accordingly. Then, insert the first and second transverse horizontal connecting frames and the first and second transverse horizontal connecting frames between the two L-shaped cantilever frames using sliding sleeves. Then, install the wedge seats at the bottom four corners of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame and install the sixth hydraulic cylinder on the outer side of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame. Then, connect the outer end of the sixth hydraulic cylinder to the inner side of the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame. Then, hoist the assembled structure to both sides of the frame mechanism and install the upper and middle cross arms on the top of the reverse wheel slider. After installation, keep the two L-shaped cantilever frames parallel to each other and symmetrical with respect to the center line of the frame mechanism.

[0028] Step 5: Simultaneously extend the second hydraulic cylinder to raise the cubic frame in a horizontal state, thereby driving the structure in Step 4 to rise in a horizontal state until the top of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame approaches the bottom of Bridge #0.

[0029] Step 6: Raise the third support pads using the corresponding fifth hydraulic cylinders until they touch the bottom of bridge #0;

[0030] Step 7: Evenly lay pad beams on the top of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame, and lay the required bottom formwork on the top of the pad beams. By using pad beams and bottom formwork of a certain thickness and shape, make the top of the bottom formwork corresponding to the bottom of Bridge 0. Then, build side scaffolding on the inner side of the L-shaped cantilever on both sides, and lay side formwork on the inner side of the side scaffolding. Similarly, by using side scaffolding and side formwork of a certain shape and thickness, make the inner side of the side formwork corresponding to the two sides of Bridge 0.

[0031] Step 8: Place ballast on top of the bottom formwork for preloading. Test the structural deformation and load-bearing capacity of the hanging basket according to the current ballast test and correction methods to eliminate inelastic deformation and record elastic deformation. The ballast can be removed after the system deformation stabilizes. Then, readjust the pad beams, bottom formwork, side scaffolding, and side formwork to the correct position at the beginning of Step 7 according to the recorded site conditions.

[0032] Step 9: Tie the extended steel bars at the end of Bridge #0, and install the steel bars and prestressed ducts between the side formwork and bottom formwork, corresponding to the bottom and side parts of Bridge #0, in accordance with the construction design requirements.

[0033] Step 10: Place the core mold in the middle of the side formwork, and align the inner port of the side formwork with the inner cavity port of Bridge #0. Then, according to the construction design requirements, install the reinforcing bars and prestressed pipes between the side formwork and the core mold, corresponding to the top of Bridge #0. Finally, install the end mold on the outer port of the core mold, and align the bottom with the top of the bottom formwork and the side with the inner side of the side formwork. This completes the construction of the hanging basket.

[0034] Steps one through ten above are performed simultaneously at both ends of bridge #0.

[0035] Step 11: Pour concrete into the interior of the above-mentioned beam formwork until the subsequent solidification and curing are completed, thus completing the formwork construction of the No. 1 bridge at both ends.

[0036] Step 12: Control the third, fourth and sixth hydraulic cylinders to extend synchronously, so that the L-shaped cantilever arms on both sides move outward symmetrically until the side scaffolding on the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame is separated from the side formwork by a certain distance. Then, the second hydraulic cylinder is shortened synchronously, so that the second transverse horizontal connecting frame moves down synchronously until the pad beam at the top of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame is separated from the bottom formwork by a certain distance. At the same time, the fifth hydraulic cylinder is extended synchronously so that the top of the third support pad is still in contact with the bottom of bridge #0.

[0037] Step 13: Remove the bottom formwork, side formwork, end formwork, and core formwork;

[0038] Step 14: Simultaneously shorten the second hydraulic cylinder and extend each of the first hydraulic cylinders, causing the rocker arm to deflect, thereby causing the bottom of the hub motor to contact the top of the 0# bridge at various points, and continuously supporting the cubic frame through the hub motor.

[0039] Step 15: Controlling the movement of each tire enables the hanging basket system to move until it reaches the top outer end of Bridge No. 1. During the movement, using a level measuring instrument, the extension of the first hydraulic cylinder at each point is controlled to ensure that the cubic frame remains horizontal, thus achieving smooth forward movement of the hanging basket system. This avoids the track twisting and large pre-construction work of existing diamond hanging basket systems when moving on bridges with varying cross slopes. This completes the movement and re-erection of the hanging basket.

[0040] Steps eleven through fifteen above shall be performed simultaneously at both ends of bridge #0.

[0041] Step 16: Repeat steps 5 to 13 to complete the construction of the hanging basket for bridge #2, and so on to complete the construction of the entire variable cross slope bridge.

[0042] In step sixteen above, the construction of the hanging basket for bridge #2 was carried out simultaneously at both ends of bridge #1.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] This invention enables the hanging basket system to move by using independent lifting and walking units. By using a level measuring instrument and controlling the extension of each independent lifting and walking unit, the hanging basket system can always maintain a horizontal state and move smoothly. This avoids the track twisting and large pre-construction work of existing diamond-shaped hanging basket systems when moving on bridges with varying cross slopes. Through independent lifting and support units, this hanging basket system has the ability to adapt to the top slope of bridges with varying cross slopes.

[0045] In this invention, an anti-top mechanism is set at the bottom of the bridge to cancel out the torque at the end of the hanging basket, preventing the hanging basket system from overturning. This results in high stability, a simple structure, and low construction complexity, avoiding the need for pre-embedded anti-tension anchors as required in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the construction state of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the frame mechanism of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Another perspective diagram of the structure;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the frame mechanism and the cantilever mechanism of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic sliding unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of part of the cantilever mechanism of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-top mechanism of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the anti-top mechanism of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the pouring platform mechanism of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 12for Figure 11 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0058] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the beam formwork mechanism and the platform construction mechanism of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 14 for Figure 13 A structural decomposition diagram of the middle structure.

[0060] Among them, 1. Frame mechanism; 101. Cubic frame; 102. Rocker arm; 103. Hub motor; 104. Tire; 105. First hydraulic cylinder; 106. Second hydraulic cylinder; 107. First support pad; 108. Multi-section I-beam; 2. Suspension arm mechanism; 201. Reverse wheel slider; 202. Third hydraulic cylinder; 203. Abutment; 204. Column arm; 205. Cross arm; 206. Fourth hydraulic cylinder; 207. Second support pad; 208. Longitudinal horizontal connecting frame; 3. Anti-topping mechanism; 301. First transverse horizontal connecting frame; 302. Fifth hydraulic cylinder; 303. Third support pad; 4. Pouring platform mechanism; 401. Second transverse horizontal connecting frame; 402. Sixth hydraulic cylinder; 403. Wedge seat; 5. Beam formwork mechanism; 501. Pad beam; 502. Bottom formwork; 503. Side scaffolding; 504. Side formwork; 505. Core mold; 506. End mold. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] like Figure 1-14 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a hanging basket for construction of bridges with variable cross slopes, comprising,

[0063] The frame mechanism 1 includes a cubic frame 101 set on the top of the bridge and multi-section I-beams 108 set on the four sides of the cubic frame 101. A pair of independent lifting and traveling units are set on the front and rear sides of the cubic frame 101, and multiple independent lifting and supporting units are set on both sides of the cubic frame 101.

[0064] The frame mechanism 1 is set on the top of the bridge and is used for mounting and installing other structures in this system. At the same time, as the main body, it has an adjustable walking and on-site support mechanism that can adapt to the slope of the top of the bridge with a variable cross slope. This avoids the track twisting and large pre-construction work of the existing diamond hanging basket system when walking and moving on the bridge with a variable cross slope.

[0065] The cantilever mechanism 2 includes L-shaped cantilever arms located on both sides of the cubic frame 101 and on both sides of the bridge. The upper inner sides of the L-shaped cantilever arms are respectively connected to the upper outer ends of the multi-section I-beams 108 via telescopic sliding units.

[0066] The cantilever mechanism 2 has the ability to move laterally to facilitate subsequent template removal and relocation.

[0067] The anti-top mechanism 3 includes a first transverse horizontal connecting frame 301 that is inserted between the two L-shaped cantilever arms using a sliding sleeve and located at the bottom of the bridge. The anti-top mechanism 3 also includes an anti-top telescopic unit installed in the middle of the first transverse horizontal connecting frame 301 and whose telescopic end top abuts against the bottom of the bridge.

[0068] The anti-top mechanism 3 is used to stabilize the system. Since the existing hanging basket system can be regarded as a lever system, the main body located at the top of the bridge has a forward tilting force due to the gravity of the hanging basket itself and the gravity of the subsequently poured concrete. Therefore, in order to eliminate the above-mentioned forward tilting effect, the anti-top mechanism 3 is set at the bottom of the bridge away from the hanging basket to counteract the forward tilting effect and facilitate the stability of the structure.

[0069] The pouring platform mechanism 4 includes a second transverse horizontal connecting frame 401 that is inserted between the two L-shaped cantilever arms using a sliding sleeve and located at the outer end of the bridge. The pouring platform mechanism 4 also includes push-pull telescopic units installed at the bottom four corners of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame 401. The outer ends of the four corner push-pull telescopic units are respectively installed at the inner bottom of the two L-shaped cantilever arms.

[0070] And the beam formwork mechanism 5, which is set on top of the casting platform mechanism 4. In this embodiment, the cantilever mechanism 2, the casting platform mechanism 4 and the beam formwork mechanism 5 form a hanging basket end structure component.

[0071] For details, please refer to Figure 3-4 Each independent lifting and walking unit includes a rocker arm 102. One end of the rocker arm 102 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the front and rear sides of the cubic frame 101, and the other end of the rocker arm 102 is provided with an independent drive wheel. The top of the rocker arm 102 is rotatably connected to a first hydraulic cylinder 105, and the top of the first hydraulic cylinder 105 is rotatably connected to the middle of the front and rear sides of the cubic frame 101.

[0072] In this embodiment, the degree to which the rocker arm 102 supports the cubic frame 101 can be changed by extending and shortening the first hydraulic cylinder 105, so as to adapt to the situation of varying slopes at the top of the variable cross slope bridge.

[0073] Refer again Figure 3-4Each independent lifting support unit includes a second hydraulic cylinder 106. The second hydraulic cylinders 106 are vertically installed on both sides of the cubic frame 101. The bottom of the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder 106 is movably connected to a first support pad 107. The bottom of the first support pad 107 abuts against the top of the bridge.

[0074] In this embodiment, the extension and retraction of the second hydraulic cylinder 106 can similarly change the degree to which the cubic frame 101 is supported, thereby adapting to the varying slope of the top of the variable cross-slope bridge. The movable connection between the bottom of the extension end of the second hydraulic cylinder 106 and the first support pad 107 is achieved through a universal ball mechanism, making the contact between the bottom of the second hydraulic cylinder 106 and the top of the bridge more stable. The movable connection also allows for greater freedom between the second hydraulic cylinder 106 and the first support pad 107, enabling it to adapt to the varying slope of the top of the variable cross-slope bridge.

[0075] refer to Figure 5-8 Both L-shaped cantilever arms include longitudinal horizontal connecting frames 208. Vertical column arms 204 are installed at one inner end and the middle of the inner side of the longitudinal horizontal connecting frames 208. Horizontal arms 205 are installed at the upper, middle, and lower inner sides of the column arms 204. Each telescopic sliding unit includes a reverse-locking wheel slider 201. The reverse-locking wheel slider 201 is slidably disposed at both ends of the top of the multi-section I-beam 108. A third hydraulic cylinder 202 is installed on the inner side of each reverse-locking wheel slider 201. A stop seat 203 is installed at the cylinder end of each third hydraulic cylinder 202. The stop seat 203 is installed on both sides of the top of the multi-section I-beam 108. The upper and middle horizontal arms 205 are respectively installed on the top of the reverse-locking wheel slider 201.

[0076] Preferably, in this embodiment, the multi-section I-beam 108 is a three-section I-beam. The purpose of using I-beams is that, firstly, the material is readily available and the structure is stable, belonging to the existing mature product series, thus reducing the construction and use cost of this system; secondly, I-beams facilitate the use of the reverse-locking wheel. In this embodiment, the reverse-locking wheel slider 201 achieves the effect of free movement on the multi-section I-beam 108 through the reverse-locking wheel.

[0077] refer to Figure 9-10 The anti-top telescopic unit includes a fifth hydraulic cylinder 302 vertically installed in the middle of the first transverse horizontal connecting frame 301. The top of the telescopic end of the fifth hydraulic cylinder 302 is movably connected to a third support pad 303, and the top of the third support pad 303 abuts against the bottom of the bridge.

[0078] refer to Figure 11-12 The push-pull telescopic unit includes wedge seats 403 installed at the four corners of the bottom of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame 401. A sixth hydraulic cylinder 402 is installed transversely on the outer side of each wedge seat 403. The cylinder ends of the sixth hydraulic cylinder 402 are respectively installed on the inner side of the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame 208.

[0079] Furthermore, in this embodiment, reference is made again. Figure 3-4 The independent drive wheel includes a hub motor 103 and tires 104 mounted on the outside of the rotor of the hub motor 103. The stator end of the hub motor 103 is respectively mounted on the other end of the rocker arm 102, and the axial center lines between the four tires 104 are parallel to each other.

[0080] The forward and backward movement of this hanging basket system can be achieved by the synchronous action of the hub motors 103, while the steering action can be achieved by the differential movement of the hub motors 103 on both sides, thus enabling it to adapt to the construction of bridges with curved cross slopes.

[0081] refer to Figure 5 and 8 The suspension arm mechanism 2 also includes a side push unit installed on the side of each horizontal arm 205 at the lower position. Each side push unit includes a fourth hydraulic cylinder 206 installed laterally on the side of each horizontal arm 205 at the lower position. The inner side of the telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 206 is movably connected to a second support pad 207, and the inner side of the second support pad 207 is correspondingly abutted against the side of the bridge.

[0082] In this embodiment, in order to make the disengagement movement between the two L-shaped cantilever arms and the anti-jacking mechanism 3 smoother when they move away from each other, the aforementioned side push unit is added. When the two L-shaped cantilever arms move away from each other, the fourth hydraulic cylinder 206 extends and the second support pad 207 pushes the two L-shaped cantilever arms away from the bridge stably. Since the side push unit is close to the anti-jacking mechanism 3, the mutual movement between the anti-jacking mechanism 3 and the upper sliding sleeve of the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame 208 is more stable.

[0083] Furthermore, in this embodiment, reference is made to... Figure 13-14 The beam formwork mechanism 5 includes a pad beam 501 evenly laid on the top of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame 401, and a bottom formwork 502 is laid on the top of the pad beam 501. The top surface of the bottom formwork 502 is aligned with the bottom surface of the bridge.

[0084] In this embodiment, refer again Figure 13-14 The beam formwork mechanism 5 also includes a side scaffold 503 installed at one end of the inner side of the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame 208 on both sides. The inner side of the side scaffold 503 is covered with side templates 504. The inner side of the side templates 504 is aligned with the two sides of the bridge respectively. The bottom of the side templates 504 is tightly fitted to the top two sides of the bottom template 502.

[0085] In this embodiment, refer again Figure 13-14 The beam formwork mechanism 5 also includes a core mold 505 located in the middle above the bottom formwork 502, with the inner port of the core mold 505 aligned with the inner cavity port of the bridge.

[0086] In this embodiment, refer again Figure 13-14 The beam mold mechanism 5 also includes an end mold 506 disposed at the outer port of the core mold 505. The bottom of the end mold 506 is tightly fitted to the top outer side of the bottom template 502, and the two sides of the end mold 506 are respectively tightly fitted to the inner outer ends of the side template 504.

[0087] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned hanging basket for construction of bridges with varying cross slopes, this embodiment also provides a method for its use, including the following steps:

[0088] Step 1: Construct Bridge #0 according to the construction design requirements for bridges with varying cross slopes.

[0089] Step 2: Hoist a frame mechanism 1 at the top end of Bridge #0. With the help of a level measuring instrument, the second hydraulic cylinders 106 at each point are extended accordingly. The first support pad 107 is used to abut against the top of Bridge #0 to support the cubic frame 101 and keep the cubic frame 101 level, that is, to keep the multi-section I-beams 108 in a horizontal state.

[0090] Step 3: Install sliding reverse-locking wheel sliders 201 on the top of each end of the multi-section I-beam 108. Then install the corresponding third hydraulic cylinder 202 on the inner side of each reverse-locking wheel slider 201. Fix the abutment 203 on both sides of the top of the multi-section I-beam 108. Finally, install the cylinder end of the third hydraulic cylinder 202 on the side of the abutment 203.

[0091] Step 4: Pre-assemble and install the L-shaped cantilever on the ground, and install the crossarm 205 accordingly. Then, insert the first transverse horizontal connecting frame 301 and the second transverse horizontal connecting frame 401 between the two L-shaped cantilever using sliding sleeves. Next, install the wedge seat 403 at the bottom four corners of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame 401, and install the sixth hydraulic cylinder 402 on the outer side of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame 401. Then, connect the outer end of the sixth hydraulic cylinder 402 to the inner side of the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame 208. Then, hoist the assembled structure to both sides of the frame mechanism 1, and install the crossarms 205 at the top and middle of the upper and middle positions on the top of the reverse wheel slider 201. After installation, keep the two L-shaped cantilever parallel to each other and symmetrical with respect to the center line of the frame mechanism 1.

[0092] Step 5: Simultaneously extend the second hydraulic cylinder 106 to raise the cubic frame 101 in a horizontal state, thereby driving the structure in step 4 to rise in a horizontal state until the top of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame 401 is close to the bottom of bridge #0.

[0093] Step 6: Raise the third support pad 303 by using each fifth hydraulic cylinder 302 until it touches the bottom of bridge #0.

[0094] Step 7: Evenly lay pad beams 501 on the top of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame 401, and lay the required bottom template 502 on the top of the pad beams 501. By using pad beams 501 and bottom template 502 of a certain thickness and shape, the top of the bottom template 502 is aligned with the bottom of bridge #0. Then, build side scaffolding 503 on the inner side of the L-shaped cantilever on both sides, and lay side template 504 on the inner side of the side scaffolding 503. Similarly, by using side scaffolding 503 and side template 504 of a certain shape and thickness, the inner side of the side template 504 is aligned with the two sides of bridge #0.

[0095] Step 8: Place ballast on top of the bottom formwork 502 for preloading. Test the structural deformation and load-bearing capacity of the hanging basket according to the current ballast test and correction methods to eliminate inelastic deformation and record elastic deformation. The ballast can be removed after the system deformation stabilizes. Then, readjust the pad beam 501, bottom formwork 502, side scaffolding 503, and side formwork 504 to the correct positions at the beginning of Step 7 according to the recorded site conditions.

[0096] Step 9: Tie the extended steel bars at the end of Bridge #0, and install the steel bars and prestressed pipes between the side formwork 504 and the bottom formwork 502, corresponding to the bottom and side parts of Bridge #0, in accordance with the construction design requirements.

[0097] Step 10: Place the core mold 505 in the middle of the side formwork 504, and align the inner port of the side formwork 504 with the inner cavity port of Bridge #0. Then, according to the construction design requirements, install the reinforcing bars and prestressed pipes between the side formwork 504 and the core mold 505, corresponding to the top part of Bridge #0. Finally, install the end mold 506 at the outer port of the core mold 505, ensuring that the bottom aligns with the top of the bottom formwork 502 and the side aligns with the inner side of the side formwork 504. This completes the construction of the hanging basket.

[0098] Steps one through ten above are performed simultaneously at both ends of bridge #0, as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0099] Step 11: Pour concrete into the interior of the above-mentioned beam formwork mechanism 5 until subsequent solidification and curing are completed, thus realizing the construction of the hanging basket for both ends of Bridge No. 1.

[0100] Step 12: Control the third hydraulic cylinder 202, the fourth hydraulic cylinder 206, and the sixth hydraulic cylinder 402 to extend synchronously, so that the L-shaped cantilever on both sides moves outward symmetrically until it drives the side scaffolding 503 on the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame 208 to move away from the side template 504 by a certain distance. Then, the second hydraulic cylinder 106 is shortened synchronously, so that the second transverse horizontal connecting frame 401 moves down synchronously until it drives the pad beam 501 at the top of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame 401 to move away from the bottom template 502 by a certain distance. At the same time, the fifth hydraulic cylinder 302 is extended synchronously so that the top of the third support pad 303 still touches the bottom of the 0# bridge.

[0101] Step 13: Remove the bottom formwork 502, side formwork 504, end formwork 506, and core formwork 505.

[0102] Step 14: Simultaneously shorten the second hydraulic cylinder 106 again, while extending each of the first hydraulic cylinders 105, causing the rocker arm 102 to deflect, thereby causing the bottom of the hub motor 103 to abut against the top of the 0# bridge, and continuously supporting the cubic frame 101 through the hub motor 103.

[0103] Step 15: By controlling the movement of each tire 104, the hanging basket system can move until it reaches the top outer end of Bridge No. 1. During the movement, with the help of a level measuring instrument, the extension of the first hydraulic cylinder 105 at each point is controlled to ensure that the cubic frame 101 remains horizontal. This achieves the smooth forward movement of the hanging basket system, avoiding the track twisting and large pre-construction work of existing diamond-shaped hanging basket systems when moving on bridges with varying cross slopes. At the same time, due to the presence of the anti-topping mechanism 3 at the bottom of the bridge, the torque at the end of the hanging basket is canceled out, preventing the hanging basket system from overturning. It has high stability and low construction complexity, avoiding the need for pre-embedded anchor rods in existing technologies. Thus, the movement and re-erection of the hanging basket is completed.

[0104] Steps eleven through fifteen above were performed simultaneously at both ends of bridge #0.

[0105] Step 16: Repeat steps 5 to 13 to complete the construction of the hanging basket for bridge #2, and so on to complete the construction of the entire variable cross slope bridge.

[0106] In step sixteen above, the construction of the hanging basket for bridge #2 was carried out simultaneously at both ends of bridge #1.

[0107] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A formwork for construction of bridges with varying cross slopes, comprising a frame mechanism (1), a cantilever mechanism (2), a jacking mechanism (3), a pouring platform mechanism (4), and a beam formwork mechanism (5), characterized in that: The frame mechanism (1) includes a cubic frame (101) set on the top of the bridge and multi-section I-beams (108) set on the four sides of the cubic frame (101). A pair of independent lifting and walking units are set on both the front and rear sides of the cubic frame (101), and multiple independent lifting and supporting units are set on both sides of the cubic frame (101). The cantilever mechanism (2) includes L-shaped cantilever arms located on both sides of the cubic frame (101) and on both sides of the bridge. The upper inner side of the L-shaped cantilever arms is connected to the upper outer end of the multi-section I-beam (108) via telescopic sliding units. The anti-top mechanism (3) includes a first transverse horizontal connecting frame (301) that is inserted between the two L-shaped cantilever arms using a sliding sleeve and located at the bottom of the bridge. The anti-top mechanism (3) also includes an anti-top telescopic unit installed in the middle of the first transverse horizontal connecting frame (301) with the top of the telescopic end abutting against the bottom of the bridge. The casting platform mechanism (4) includes a second transverse horizontal connecting frame (401) that is inserted between the two L-shaped cantilever arms and located at the outer end of the bridge using a sliding sleeve. The casting platform mechanism (4) also includes push-pull telescopic units installed at the bottom four corners of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame (401). The outer ends of the push-pull telescopic units at the four corners are respectively installed at the inner bottom of the two L-shaped cantilever arms. The beam formwork mechanism (5) is located on top of the casting platform mechanism (4); Each of the independent lifting and walking units includes a rocker arm (102). One end of the rocker arm (102) is rotatably connected to the lower part of the front and rear sides of the cubic frame (101). The other end of the rocker arm (102) is provided with an independent drive wheel. A first hydraulic cylinder (105) is rotatably connected to the middle of the top of the rocker arm (102). The top of the first hydraulic cylinder (105) is rotatably connected to the middle of the front and rear sides of the cubic frame (101). Each of the independent lifting support units includes a second hydraulic cylinder (106). The second hydraulic cylinder (106) is vertically installed on both sides of the cubic frame (101). The bottom of the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder (106) is movably connected to a first support pad (107). The bottom of the first support pad (107) abuts against the top of the bridge. Both sides of the L-shaped cantilever include a longitudinal horizontal bracing frame (208). A column arm (204) is vertically installed at one inner end and the middle of the inner side of the longitudinal horizontal bracing frame (208). A cross arm (205) is installed at the upper, middle and lower inner sides of the column arm (204). Each telescopic sliding unit includes a reverse-locking wheel slider (201), which is slidably disposed at both ends of the top of the multi-section I-beam (108). A third hydraulic cylinder (202) is installed on the inner side of each reverse-locking wheel slider (201), and a stop (203) is installed on the cylinder end of each third hydraulic cylinder (202). The stop (203) is installed on both sides of the top of the multi-section I-beam (108), and the upper and middle cross arms (205) are respectively installed on the top of the reverse-locking wheel slider (201). The anti-top telescopic unit includes a fifth hydraulic cylinder (302) vertically installed in the middle of the first transverse horizontal connecting frame (301). The top of the telescopic end of the fifth hydraulic cylinder (302) is movably connected to a third support pad (303), and the top of the third support pad (303) abuts against the bottom of the bridge. The push-pull telescopic unit includes wedge seats (403) installed at the four corners of the bottom of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame (401). A sixth hydraulic cylinder (402) is installed laterally on the outer side of each wedge seat (403). The cylinder ends of the sixth hydraulic cylinder (402) are respectively installed on the inner side of the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame (208).

2. A formwork for construction of bridges with varying cross slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam formwork mechanism (5) includes a pad beam (501) evenly laid on the top of the second transverse flat frame (401), and a bottom template (502) is laid on the top of the pad beam (501), with the top surface of the bottom template (502) correspondingly aligned with the bottom surface of the bridge.

3. A formwork for construction of bridges with varying cross slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The beam formwork mechanism (5) also includes a side scaffold (503) installed at one end of the inner side of the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame (208) on both sides. The inner side of the side scaffold (503) is covered with side templates (504). The inner side of the side templates (504) is aligned with the two sides of the bridge respectively. The bottom of the side templates (504) is tightly fitted to the top two sides of the bottom template (502).

4. A formwork for construction of bridges with varying cross slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The beam formwork mechanism (5) also includes a core mold (505) located in the middle above the bottom formwork (502), the inner port of the core mold (505) being aligned with the inner cavity port of the bridge.

5. A formwork for construction of bridges with varying cross slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The beam mold mechanism (5) also includes an end mold (506) disposed at the outer port of the core mold (505). The bottom of the end mold (506) is tightly fitted to the top outer side of the bottom template (502), and the two sides of the end mold (506) are respectively tightly fitted to the inner outer ends of the side template (504).

6. A formwork for construction of bridges with varying cross slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The independent drive wheel includes a hub motor (103) and tires (104) mounted on the outside of the rotor of the hub motor (103). The stator end of the hub motor (103) is respectively mounted on the other end of the rocker arm (102), and the axial center lines of the four tires (104) are parallel to each other.

7. A formwork for construction of bridges with varying cross slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cantilever mechanism (2) further includes a side push unit installed on the side of each of the lower horizontal arms (205). Each side push unit includes a fourth hydraulic cylinder (206) installed laterally on the side of each of the lower horizontal arms (205). The inner side of the telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder (206) is movably connected to a second support pad (207), and the inner side of the second support pad (207) abuts against the side of the bridge.

8. The method of using a formwork for construction of a bridge with a variable cross slope according to claim 7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, Step 1: Construct Bridge #0 according to the construction design requirements for bridges with varying cross slopes; Step 2: Hoist a frame mechanism (1) at the top end of Bridge 0#. With the help of a level measuring instrument, the second hydraulic cylinders (106) at each point are extended accordingly. The first support pad (107) is used to abut against the top of Bridge 0# to support the cubic frame (101) and maintain the levelness of the cubic frame (101), that is, to keep the multi-section I-beam (108) in a horizontal state. Step 3: Install sliding reverse-locking wheel sliders (201) on the top of each end of the multi-section I-beam (108), and then install corresponding third hydraulic cylinders (202) on the inner side of each reverse-locking wheel slider (201). Fix the abutment (203) on both sides of the top of the multi-section I-beam (108). Finally, install the cylinder end of the third hydraulic cylinder (202) on the side of the abutment (203). Step 4: Pre-assemble and install the L-shaped cantilever on the ground, and install the cross arm (205) accordingly. Then, insert the first transverse horizontal connecting frame (301) and the second transverse horizontal connecting frame (401) between the two L-shaped cantilever using the sliding sleeve. Then, install the wedge seat (403) at the bottom four corners of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame (401) and install it on the outer side of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame (401) corresponding to the sixth hydraulic cylinder (402). Then, the outer end of the sixth hydraulic cylinder (402) is connected to the inner side of the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame (208) respectively. Then, hoist the assembled structure to both sides of the frame mechanism (1) and install the cross arms (205) at the top and middle of the upper and middle positions on the top of the reverse buckle wheel slider (201). After installation, keep the two L-shaped cantilever parallel to each other and symmetrical with respect to the center line of the frame mechanism (1). Step 5: Simultaneously extend the second hydraulic cylinder (106) to raise the cubic frame (101) in a horizontal state, thereby driving the structure in step 4 to rise in a horizontal state until the top of the second transverse flat frame (401) is close to the bottom of bridge #0. Step 6: Raise the third support pad (303) by using each fifth hydraulic cylinder (302) until it touches the bottom of bridge #0; Step 7: Evenly lay pad beams (501) on the top of the second transverse flat frame (401), and lay the required bottom template (502) on the top of the pad beams (501). By using pad beams (501) and bottom templates (502) of a certain thickness and shape, the top of the bottom template (502) is aligned with the bottom of Bridge 0. Then, build side scaffolding (503) on the inner side of the L-shaped cantilever on both sides, and lay side templates (504) on the inner side of the side scaffolding (503). Similarly, by using side scaffolding (503) and side templates (504) of a certain shape and thickness, the inner side of the side templates (504) is aligned with the two sides of Bridge 0. Step 8: Place ballast on top of the bottom formwork (502) for preloading. Test the structural deformation and load-bearing capacity of the hanging basket according to the current ballast test and correction methods to eliminate inelastic deformation and record elastic deformation. The ballast can be removed after the system deformation stabilizes. Then, readjust the pad beam (501), bottom formwork (502), side scaffolding (503), and side formwork (504) to the correct position at the beginning of Step 7 according to the recorded site. Step 9: Tie the extended steel bars at the end of Bridge 0#, and in accordance with the construction design requirements, install steel bars and prestressed pipes between the side formwork (504) and bottom formwork (502), corresponding to the bottom and side parts of Bridge 0#. Step 10: Place the core mold (505) in the middle of the side formwork (504) and align the inner port of the side formwork (504) with the inner port of the No. 0 bridge. Then, according to the construction design requirements, install the reinforcing bars and prestressed pipes between the side formwork (504) and the core mold (505), corresponding to the top part of the No. 0 bridge. Finally, install the end mold (506) on the outer port of the core mold (505), and align the bottom with the top of the bottom formwork (502) and the side with the inner side of the side formwork (504). This completes the construction of the hanging basket. Steps one through ten are carried out simultaneously at both ends of bridge #0. Step 11: Pour concrete into the interior of the beam formwork (5) until the subsequent solidification and curing are completed, and realize the construction of the hanging basket of the No. 1 bridge at both ends; Step 12: Control the third hydraulic cylinder (202), the fourth hydraulic cylinder (206) and the sixth hydraulic cylinder (402) to extend synchronously, so that the L-shaped cantilever on both sides moves outward symmetrically until it drives the side scaffolding (503) on the longitudinal horizontal connecting frame (208) to detach from the side template (504) by a certain distance. Then, the second hydraulic cylinder (106) is shortened synchronously, so that the second transverse horizontal connecting frame (401) moves down synchronously until it drives the pad beam (501) at the top of the second transverse horizontal connecting frame (401) to detach from the bottom template (502) by a certain distance. At the same time, the fifth hydraulic cylinder (302) is extended synchronously so that the top of the third support pad (303) still touches the bottom of the 0# bridge. Step 13: Remove the bottom formwork (502), side formwork (504), end formwork (506), and core formwork (505); Step 14: Simultaneously shorten the second hydraulic cylinder (106) again, while extending each of the first hydraulic cylinders (105), causing the rocker arm (102) to deflect, thereby causing the bottom of the hub motor (103) to abut against the top of the 0# bridge, and continuously supporting the cubic frame (101) through the hub motor (103). Step 15: Controlling the movement of each tire (104) enables the walking of this hanging basket system until it moves to the top outer end of Bridge No.

1. During the movement, by using a level measuring instrument and controlling the extension of the first hydraulic cylinder (105) at each location, the cubic frame (101) can always maintain a horizontal state and move, thus realizing the smooth forward movement of this hanging basket system. This avoids the track twisting and large pre-construction work of the existing diamond hanging basket system when walking on a bridge with a cross slope. Thus, the work of moving and rebuilding the hanging basket is realized. Steps eleven through fifteen will be performed simultaneously at both ends of bridge #0. Step 16: Repeat steps 5 to 13 to complete the construction of the hanging basket for bridge #2, and so on to complete the construction of the entire variable cross slope bridge. In step sixteen, the construction of the hanging basket for bridge #2 was carried out simultaneously at both ends of bridge #1.

Images