A water-soluble shearing oil and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a water-soluble punching and shearing oil, comprising the following components in 100 parts by weight: 20.0-35.0 parts rust inhibitor; 10.0-20.0 parts lubricant; 3.0-10.0 parts surfactant; 0.5-3.5 parts bactericide and mildew inhibitor; 0.5-2.0 parts other additives; and the balance being deionized water. This punching and shearing oil can be used in various sheet metal deep drawing and punching processes. It can be diluted for use, effectively reducing users' oil costs. Simultaneously, it avoids oil mist and VOC problems caused by using oily products in the workshop, thus purifying the workshop operating environment. Parts punched and sheared using this invention have smooth surfaces, complete cuts, good gloss, and are burr-free. Processed parts are easy to clean or require no cleaning, significantly saving on overall costs such as materials, water resources, and labor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricating oil technology, specifically to a water-soluble punching and shearing oil and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly frequent global economic and trade activities and the gradual improvement of people's living standards worldwide, kitchen and bathroom appliances are playing an increasingly important role in human life. Market research indicates that the retail market for kitchen and bathroom appliances in China alone reached approximately 180 billion yuan in 2022. Most components of these appliances are manufactured through processes such as stamping, deep drawing, and shearing, which currently mostly use oil-based or volatile molding oils. While these oils provide ample lubrication for molds and components, they can easily cause problems such as oil mist and VOC emissions, seriously affecting the health of workshop operators, posing potential fire hazards, and causing environmental pollution. Furthermore, post-processing cleaning procedures require more cleaning materials, resulting in water waste and high overall costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above shortcomings, the present invention aims to develop a water-soluble shearing oil and its preparation method.

[0004] Through a rational formulation design, a combination of various amine and acid rust inhibitors is used as a special rust-preventing component; trans-polyether, polymeric ester, polyether ester, water-soluble phosphate ester, water-soluble sulfurized fatty acid ester, and water-soluble chloride are used as lubricating extreme pressure components; supplemented with additives and formulated using a reasonable process, the oil possesses excellent rust prevention, lubrication, and extreme pressure properties, and is easy to clean. Excellent lubrication properties and the inherent superior cooling characteristics of water-soluble products can significantly reduce mold heating and deformation, effectively protecting the mold and extending its service life; water-soluble products are non-flammable, effectively preventing the generation of oil mist and VOC gases in the workshop, purifying the working environment; superior lubrication and extreme pressure performance ensures that punched and sheared parts have complete cuts, smooth surfaces, high gloss, and are burr-free; high surfactant content makes parts easier to clean or eliminates the need for cleaning after processing, improving part cleanliness and reducing waste oil and liquid generation, significantly reducing environmental pollution. Furthermore, the product formula does not contain prohibited substances, making it safe and environmentally friendly, and has broad application prospects.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0006] A water-soluble cutting and shearing oil, calculated in 100 parts by weight, comprises the following components:

[0007] Rust inhibitor 20.0–35.0 parts;

[0008] Extreme pressure lubricant, 10.0–20.0 parts;

[0009] Surfactant 3.0–10.0 parts;

[0010] 0.5–3.5 parts of bactericide and antifungal agent;

[0011] Additives: 0.5–2.0 parts;

[0012] The remainder is deionized water.

[0013] Preferably, the rust inhibitor includes amine rust inhibitors and acid rust inhibitors.

[0014] Preferably, the weight ratio of the amine rust inhibitor to the acid rust inhibitor is 1.5-2.5:1.

[0015] Preferably, the weight ratio of the amine rust inhibitor to the acid rust inhibitor is 1.6-2.3:1.

[0016] Preferably, the amines include at least three of monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, diethylene glycolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, methyldiethanolamine, and N,N-dimethylpropanolamine; and the acid rust inhibitors include at least two of boric acid, isononanoic acid, neodecanoic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanoic acid, dimer acid, tricarboxylic acid, and tall oil fatty acids.

[0017] Preferably, the extreme pressure lubricant includes Class A lubricant and Class B lubricant, and Class A lubricant and Class B lubricant are compounded in a weight ratio of 0.4-1.5:1.

[0018] Preferably, the Class A lubricant includes at least one of block polyether, trans polyether, self-emulsifying ester, water-soluble phosphate ester, polymeric ester, and polyether ester; the Class B lubricant includes at least one of water-soluble substances, including sulfurized fatty acid ester and water-soluble chloride.

[0019] Preferably, the bactericide and antifungal agent is at least one selected from 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, bismorpholine methane derivative, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, and 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate.

[0020] Preferably, the surfactant is at least one of sorbitan monooleate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polysorbate, isotridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium petroleum sulfonate, and rosin alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; and the additive is at least one of benzotriazole derivatives, imidazoline derivatives, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and 3D siloxane defoamer.

[0021] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a water-soluble shearing oil, specifically including the following steps:

[0022] Step S1: First, add the extreme pressure lubricant to an appropriate amount of deionized water, heat it to 40-50°C, and start stirring; while stirring, add the surfactant until the extreme pressure lubricant is completely dispersed to form a homogeneous liquid;

[0023] Step S2: Add the rust inhibitor to an appropriate amount of deionized water and stir until well mixed;

[0024] Step S3: Add the homogeneous liquid from step S1 to the well-mixed solution from step S2, stir until homogeneous, and cool to room temperature.

[0025] Step S4: Add the bactericide and antifungal agent and the adjuvants one by one to the liquid obtained in step S3, and stir until all components are completely mixed;

[0026] Step S5: Add the remaining deionized water and stir thoroughly to obtain water-soluble shearing oil.

[0027] Preferably, the stirring rate in step S1 is 3000-4000 rpm / min.

[0028] The punching and shearing oil prepared by this invention can be diluted at a ratio of 1:5 to 40 according to the actual process.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. The prepared water-soluble punching and shearing oil incorporates sulfurizing agents or chlorides, which are then dissolved in the fully synthetic system through surfactant emulsification. This allows for the formation of an iron sulfide or iron chloride film on the metal surface during heavy-duty processes, significantly enhancing the oil film strength of the water-soluble fully synthetic product. In practical use, its extreme pressure lubrication properties are even superior to some oil-soluble forming oils. Punched and sheared parts exhibit complete cuts, smooth surfaces, high gloss, and are free of scratches and burrs.

[0031] 2. Regarding the selection of rust inhibitors, rust inhibitors such as sodium nitrite and diethanolamine, which have good rust-preventing effects but are harmful to human health, have been eliminated. Instead, rust inhibitors such as dibasic acids and tribasic acids have been selected in combination with special amines such as monoethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. The resulting products have good rust-preventing effects and are environmentally friendly.

[0032] 4. This invention is a water-soluble punching and shearing oil, which can effectively avoid the generation of oil mist and VOC gas in the workshop caused by oil-soluble molding oil, greatly improve the workshop operating environment, and protect the health of operators; at the same time, it can be diluted at a ratio of 1:5 to 40 according to the actual process, which can significantly save the comprehensive cost of oil and post-treatment such as cleaning.

[0033] 5. By introducing bactericides and antifungal agents, this invention greatly enhances the product's shelf life and is also suitable for new punch presses with built-in recycling systems, ensuring that the product does not deteriorate during long-term use.

[0034] 6. The shearing oil of this invention can evaporate naturally, leaving very little residue. It has good cleanability and high cleaning efficiency, effectively solving the cleaning problems before post-processing and reprocessing.

[0035] 7. In terms of preparation process, the present invention only requires simple heating to control temperature and reaction time, without the need for too many reaction vessels and pressure vessels, making operation more convenient and significantly saving energy consumption and equipment investment. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To further understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0037] All reagents used in this invention are commercially available products.

[0038] Example

[0039] The detailed formulations for Examples 1-6 are shown in Table 1:

[0040] Table 1. Details of the shearing oil formulations for Examples 1-6

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] The preparation processes in the above embodiments are all as follows:

[0044] Step S1: First, add the extreme pressure lubricant to an appropriate amount of deionized water, heat it to 40-50℃, turn on the stirrer and set it to 3000-4000 rpm / min, add the surfactant while stirring, and stir for 30-45 minutes until the extreme pressure lubricant is mixed evenly to form a homogeneous liquid.

[0045] Step S2: Add the amine rust inhibitor and acid rust inhibitor to an appropriate amount of deionized water and stir for 20-30 minutes until they are evenly mixed;

[0046] Step S3: Add the homogeneous liquid prepared in step S1 to the completely mixed solution in step S2, stir for 20-30 minutes, and cool to room temperature;

[0047] Step S4: Add the bactericide and mildew inhibitor and the adjuvants one by one to the liquid obtained in step S3, and stir for 20 to 30 minutes until all components are completely mixed;

[0048] Step S5: Add the remaining deionized water to a total of 100 parts, stir for 10-15 minutes to obtain water-soluble shearing oil.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] Products from well-known imported brands sold in a certain city.

[0051] Comparative Examples 2-6

[0052] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 3 is that Comparative Example 2 only uses amine-based rust inhibitors.

[0053] The difference between Comparative Examples 3 and 4 and Example 3 is that the ratio of amine rust inhibitors and acid rust inhibitors in Comparative Examples 3 and 4 is not within the scope of this application.

[0054] The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 3 is that Comparative Example 5 uses only Class A lubricant.

[0055] The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 3 is that Comparative Example 6 uses only Class B lubricant.

[0056] The detailed formulations for Comparative Examples 2-6 are shown in Table 2:

[0057] Table 2. Details of each punching and shearing oil formulation in Comparative Examples 2-6

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Performance testing

[0061] The water-soluble punching and shearing oil samples prepared in Examples 1-6 above were tested and analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 3:

[0062] Table 3 shows the test results of the water-soluble punching and shearing oil samples prepared in Examples 1-6.

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] The water-soluble punching and shearing oils prepared in Comparative Examples 1-7 were tested and analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 4:

[0066] Table 4. Test results of water-soluble punching and shearing oil samples from comparative examples 1-7

[0067]

[0068] As shown in Tables 3 and 4, compared with the products of a well-known imported brand sold in the comparative examples, the water-soluble punching and shearing oils of Examples 1-6 have the following advantages: superior rust prevention performance and better rust protection for the processed workpieces; P B P DA higher value indicates superior extreme pressure lubrication properties, resulting in a smoother, burr-free surface finish on machined parts; a higher cleaning rate also means easier cleaning of machined parts. Based on customer feedback, this type of water-soluble punching and shearing oil effectively avoids oil mist and VOC emissions, significantly improving the workshop operating environment, protecting worker health, and offering safer storage compared to oil-based punching and shearing oils.

[0069] Compared with the punching and shearing oils prepared in Comparative Examples 2-7, the punching and shearing oil prepared using the formulation of this invention is superior in terms of rust prevention, surface tension, and extreme pressure lubrication performance.

[0070] Based on the disclosure in the foregoing specification, those skilled in the art can make appropriate changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of explanation and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-soluble punching and shearing oil, characterized in that: Based on 100 parts by weight, it includes the following components: Rust inhibitor 20.0–35.0 parts; Extreme pressure lubricant, 10.0–20.0 parts; Surfactant 3.0–10.0 parts; 0.5–3.5 parts of bactericide and antifungal agent; Additives: 0.5–2.0 parts; The remainder is deionized water; The extreme pressure lubricant includes Class A lubricant and Class B lubricant, and Class A lubricant and Class B lubricant are compounded in a weight ratio of 0.4-1.5:1; Class A lubricant includes at least one of block polyether, trans polyether, self-emulsifying ester, water-soluble phosphate ester, polymeric ester, and polyether ester; Class B lubricant includes at least one of water-soluble sulfurized fatty acid ester and water-soluble chloride. The rust inhibitor includes amine rust inhibitors and acid rust inhibitors, wherein the weight ratio of the amine rust inhibitor to the acid rust inhibitor is 1.5-2.5:1; the amines include at least three of monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, diethylene glycolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, methyldiethanolamine, and N,N-dimethylpropanolamine; the acid rust inhibitors include at least two of boric acid, isononanoic acid, neodecanoic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanoic acid, dimer acid, tricarboxylic acid, and tall oil fatty acids.

2. The water-soluble punching and shearing oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the amine rust inhibitor to the acid rust inhibitor is 1.6-2.3:

1.

3. The water-soluble punching and shearing oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bactericide and antifungal agent is at least one of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, bismorpholinemethane derivative, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, and 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate.

4. The water-soluble punching and shearing oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant is at least one of sorbitan monooleate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polysorbate, and sodium petroleum sulfonate; the additive is at least one of benzotriazole derivatives, imidazoline derivatives, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and 3D siloxane defoamer.

5. The method for preparing water-soluble punching and shearing oil according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step S1: First, add the extreme pressure lubricant to an appropriate amount of deionized water, heat it to 40-50°C, and start stirring; While stirring, add the surfactant until the extreme pressure lubricant is completely dispersed and forms a homogeneous liquid; Step S2: Add the amine rust inhibitor and acid rust inhibitor to an appropriate amount of deionized water and stir until they are evenly mixed; Step S3: Add the homogeneous liquid from step S1 to the well-mixed solution from step S2, stir until homogeneous, and cool to room temperature. Step S4: Add the bactericide and antifungal agent and the adjuvants one by one to the liquid obtained in step S3, and stir until all components are completely mixed; Step S5: Add the remaining deionized water and stir thoroughly to obtain water-soluble shearing oil.

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