Method and device for constructing three-dimensional model of earthquake-causing fault based on aftershock relocation data

Abstract

The present application provides a method and device for constructing a three-dimensional model of an earthquake fault based on aftershock relocation data, which relates to the field of model construction technology and alleviates the technical problem of low model accuracy of the constructed three-dimensional model of an earthquake fault. The method includes: obtaining aftershock relocation data; determining the two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data by using the least squares method through three-dimensional slicing; performing spatial interpolation based on the two-dimensional interpretation fault line to generate an initial three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane; determining the distance from the designated large aftershock to the earthquake fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model, and adjusting the earthquake fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model to approach the middle of the designated large aftershock, so that the distance from multiple designated large aftershocks to the earthquake fault plane is within a preset distance, and obtaining the final three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane; wherein the designated large aftershock is an aftershock greater than a preset magnitude.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of model construction, and in particular to a method and device for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data. Background Art

[0002] At present, after a single strong earthquake or a large earthquake, a large number of aftershocks usually occur along the fault zone and its vicinity. Therefore, aftershocks can be used to characterize the three-dimensional model of the earthquake-causing fault. The key to constructing an earthquake-causing fault model using aftershock relocation data is to be able to determine whether the aftershock data set has relatively concentrated linear or banded structural characteristics, so as to obtain a reasonable two-dimensional geometric structure of the fault. In the existing method of characterizing fault models based on aftershock catalogs, qualitative constraints are usually imposed through aftershock data, but this method is highly subjective, resulting in low accuracy of the constructed three-dimensional model of the earthquake-causing fault. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data, so as to alleviate the technical problem of low model accuracy of the constructed three-dimensional model of the seismic fault.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data, the method comprising:

[0005] Obtain aftershock relocation data;

[0006] Determine the two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data by using the least square method through three-dimensional slicing;

[0007] Perform spatial interpolation based on the two-dimensional interpreted fault lines to generate an initial three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane;

[0008] Determine the distance from the designated large aftershock to the seismic fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model, and adjust the seismic fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model to be close to the middle of the designated large aftershock, so that the distance from multiple designated large aftershocks to the seismic fault plane is within a preset distance, and obtain the final three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane; wherein the designated large aftershock is an aftershock greater than a preset magnitude.

[0009] In a possible implementation, after the step of acquiring aftershock relocation data, the method further includes:

[0010] Determine whether the aftershock relocation data conforms to the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics. If the aftershock relocation data conforms to the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics, execute the step of determining the two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data through three-dimensional slicing using the least squares method.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the step of determining whether the aftershock relocation data meets the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics includes:

[0012] Determine whether aftershock density distribution data of the aftershock relocation data in a horizontal plane and aftershock density distribution data of the aftershock relocation data projected on a vertical section have a band-like or linear feature, and obtain a determination result;

[0013] It is determined according to the judgment result whether the cluster characteristics of the data set of the aftershock relocation data in the three-dimensional space conform to the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics.

[0014] In a possible implementation, after the step of determining whether the aftershock relocation data meets the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics, the method further includes:

[0015] If the aftershock relocation data conforms to the characteristics of the designated small earthquake cluster, the nature and number of the earthquake-causing faults are determined by combining the aftershock relocation data, surface fault traces and local research data.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the step of determining the two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data by using the least square method through three-dimensional slicing includes:

[0017] Determine the aftershock projection result on the vertical section according to the three-dimensional slice results at every preset length along the aftershock relocation data corresponding to the aftershock catalog direction;

[0018] A single two-dimensional interpretation line of the fault is fitted by the least square method according to the aftershock projection result to obtain a two-dimensional interpretation fault line.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the step of performing spatial interpolation based on the two-dimensional interpreted fault line to generate an initial three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane includes:

[0020] Using a spatial interpolation method to perform surface processing on the plurality of two-dimensional interpreted fault lines to generate an initial fault plane of a three-dimensional fault plane;

[0021] Based on the fault zone containing multiple branch faults in the initial fault plane and the specified geological information, the cascade relationship of each branch fault is determined respectively, and the initial model of the three-dimensional fault plane is constructed according to the cascade relationship.

[0022] In a possible implementation, after the step of obtaining the final three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane, the method further includes:

[0023] Determine the fault data of the target earthquake based on the final three-dimensional model, and construct a three-dimensional attribute model of the seismogenic fault of the target earthquake according to the fault data; wherein the fault data includes any one or more of the following:

[0024] The scale of the fault plane, information on its attitude, type of fault and its properties.

[0025] In a second aspect, a device for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data is provided, comprising:

[0026] An acquisition module, used to acquire aftershock relocation data;

[0027] A determination module, used for determining a two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data by using a least square method through three-dimensional slices;

[0028] A generating module, used for performing spatial interpolation based on the two-dimensional interpreted fault line to generate an initial three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane;

[0029] An adjustment module is used to determine the distance from a specified large aftershock to the seismic fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model, and adjust the seismic fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model to be close to the middle of the specified large aftershock, so that the distance from multiple specified large aftershocks to the seismic fault plane is within a preset distance, thereby obtaining a final three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane; wherein the specified large aftershock is an aftershock with a magnitude greater than a preset magnitude.

[0030] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the method described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0031] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are called and executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions prompt the processor to execute the method described in the first aspect above.

[0032] The embodiments of the present application bring the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The embodiment of the present application provides a method and device for constructing a three-dimensional model of an earthquake fault based on aftershock relocation data. The method and device can obtain aftershock relocation data, determine the two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data through three-dimensional slicing using the least squares method, perform spatial interpolation based on the two-dimensional interpretation fault line, generate an initial three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane, determine the distance from a specified large aftershock to the earthquake fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model, and adjust the earthquake fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model to approach the middle of the specified large aftershock so that the distances from multiple specified large aftershocks to the earthquake fault plane are within a preset distance, and obtain a final three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane, wherein the specified large aftershock is an aftershock greater than a preset magnitude. In this solution, through three-dimensional slicing, the least squares method, spatial interpolation, and adjusting the earthquake fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model to approach the middle of the specified large aftershock, the distances from multiple specified large aftershocks to the earthquake fault plane are within a preset distance, so that the model accuracy of the final three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane is higher.

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 Another schematic diagram of the process of constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 A single two-dimensional interpretation line of a fault fitted based on the least squares principle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 A three-dimensional model of a seismogenic fault provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 The density distribution of aftershock relocation data in the horizontal plane provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6The three-dimensional slice position of the vertical aftershock catalog direction provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 7 The projection distribution of the aftershock relocation data in the vertical section provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0046] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include other steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units that are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0047] At present, the existing methods for characterizing fault models based on aftershock catalogs usually use aftershock data for qualitative constraints. However, this method is highly subjective, resulting in low accuracy of the constructed three-dimensional model of the seismic fault.

[0048] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a method and device for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data. This method can alleviate the technical problem of low model accuracy of the constructed three-dimensional model of the seismic fault.

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0051] Step S110, obtaining aftershock relocation data.

[0052] As a possible implementation method, data such as surface fault traces in the epicenter area, main shock and aftershock relocation data, etc. are collected. Figure 2 As shown, aftershock relocation data is obtained first.

[0053] Step S120, determining the two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data through three-dimensional slicing using the least square method.

[0054] In practical applications, according to the cluster characteristics of aftershock data, such as Figure 2 As shown, it is necessary to interpret the two-dimensional interpretation fault line projected on the vertical section, and a new three-dimensional slicing technology is proposed. Through the new three-dimensional slicing technology, a new method of fitting the two-dimensional geometric structure of the fault is proposed. The two-dimensional geometric structure of the fault in the vertical section can be directly and quantitatively obtained by the least squares method.

[0055] In the process of interpreting the geometric structure of the two-dimensional fault, for example, according to the three-dimensional slice results every 2 km along the aftershock catalog and the aftershock projection results on the section, a single two-dimensional interpretation line of the fault is fitted by the least squares principle, for example, Figure 3 The single two-dimensional interpretation line (taking F1 as an example) of the fault fitting based on the least squares principle is shown. It should be noted that the result requires: 1) the interpreted fault line passes through the middle part of the small earthquake cluster to the greatest extent; 2) if there is a surface rupture, it needs to be connected to the surface fault trace; 3) the depth of the fault line extending downward refers to the depth range of the aftershock group (the established three-dimensional fault needs to include all aftershock depths), and abnormal positioning points are excluded.

[0056] Step S130, performing spatial interpolation based on the two-dimensional interpreted fault lines to generate an initial three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane.

[0057] In practical applications, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, based on the fitted two-dimensional fault interpretation line, the initial fault model is interpolated to achieve the establishment of the initial model of the three-dimensional fault surface. For the fault zone containing multiple branch faults, the cascade relationship (intersection, conjugate, parallel, etc.) of each branch fault is determined in combination with geological information to construct the initial model of the three-dimensional fault surface.

[0058] As an optional implementation, a spatial interpolation method such as a discrete element interpolation algorithm is used to perform surface processing on multiple interpreted fault lines to form an initial fault plane of a three-dimensional fault plane. The three-dimensional fault plane of the interpolation and smoothing of the fault plane should meet the following requirements: 1) have an interpolation algorithm that meets geological and mathematical constraints; 2) generate triangular mesh or quadrilateral mesh nodes; 3) the smoothing should have boundary node constraints.

[0059] Step S140, determine the distance from the specified large aftershock to the seismic fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model, and adjust the seismic fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model to be close to the middle of the specified large aftershock, so that the distance from multiple specified large aftershocks to the seismic fault plane is within a preset distance, and obtain the final three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane.

[0060] Among them, a large aftershock is designated as an aftershock greater than a preset magnitude. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in the evaluation and improvement of the model, the larger aftershock selected is: main shock M-2.5. After continuous fine-tuning of the 3D initial model of the earthquake fault, the earthquake fault plane is constantly approaching the middle of the larger aftershock. Finally, the 3D fault plane of the earthquake fault stabilizes in the middle of the larger aftershock, and the distance from most larger aftershocks to the fault plane is kept within 2km. Based on this, the rationality of the 3D fault model can be improved, for example, Figure 4 A 3D model of the seismogenic fault is shown.

[0061] In the evaluation and improvement of the 3D model of the earthquake fault, the 3D geometric structure of the earthquake fault is improved by calculating the distance from the larger aftershock to the fault plane. This method can be used to quantitatively evaluate the fault model and improve the rationality of the 3D fault model. Specifically, by calculating the distance from the larger aftershock to the initial fault, the model is quantitatively evaluated and improved, which improves the rationality of the 3D fault model to a certain extent.

[0062] Through three-dimensional slicing, least squares method, spatial interpolation, and adjusting the initial three-dimensional model's seismic fault plane to be closer to the middle of a designated large aftershock, the distances from multiple designated large aftershocks to the seismic fault plane are made within a preset distance, making the final three-dimensional model of the obtained three-dimensional fault plane more accurate.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present application, a method for characterizing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data generated after an earthquake is proposed, that is, a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault is directly constructed through an aftershock catalog. A new workflow for constructing a seismic fault through aftershocks is proposed for characterizing the three-dimensional model of a seismic fault, which can reveal the spatial three-dimensional structural characteristics of the seismic fault, and provide important support for analyzing the underground geometric structure, segmented characteristics, and cascade relationship of the seismic fault, as well as for numerical simulation of earthquake dynamics, fault hazard assessment, and earthquake disaster analysis.

[0064] The above steps are described in detail below.

[0065] In some embodiments, after the above step S110, the method may further include the following steps:

[0066] Step a), determine whether the aftershock relocation data meets the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics. If the aftershock relocation data meets the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics, execute the step of determining the two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data through three-dimensional slicing using the least squares method.

[0067] As an optional implementation, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a new aftershock cluster determination is proposed, which can determine whether the aftershock data is clustered in three-dimensional space. On the basis that the aftershock catalog conforms to the small earthquake cluster, the two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data is determined by three-dimensional slicing using the least squares method, thereby providing a guarantee for the data processing process in the subsequent process.

[0068] Based on the above step a), the process of determining whether the aftershock relocation data in the above step a) meets the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics may include the following steps:

[0069] Step b), determining whether aftershock density distribution data of aftershock relocation data in a horizontal plane and aftershock density distribution data of aftershock relocation data projected on a vertical section have a band or linear feature, and obtaining a determination result;

[0070] Step c) determines, based on the judgment result, whether the cluster characteristics of the data set of aftershock relocation data in three-dimensional space conform to the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics.

[0071] For the process of determining whether the aftershock catalog meets the clustering property, illustratively, first, the density distribution of aftershock relocation data in the horizontal plane is calculated, for example, Figure 5 The density distribution of aftershock relocation data in the horizontal plane is shown in Figure 1 to analyze whether the aftershocks have band-like or linear characteristics on the plane. Secondly, along the direction of the aftershock catalog, three-dimensional slices are made every 2 km perpendicular to its direction, such as Figure 6 The three-dimensional slice position of the vertical aftershock catalog is shown, and the aftershocks on both sides are projected onto the vertical section, as shown in Figure 7 The projection distribution of aftershock relocation data on the vertical section is shown, and the aftershock is analyzed to see whether it has a band or linear feature on the section. In this way, it is possible to determine whether the aftershock data has the characteristics of a small earthquake cluster from a three-dimensional space.

[0072] As a possible implementation, in the case of a single number, any one of the specified features in the plane and in the cross section can be sufficient; in the case of multiple numbers, both the plane and the cross section need to have a strip or linear feature. The specified feature is any one of the strip or linear features.

[0073] In the new aftershock cluster judgment process, the aftershock density distribution on the horizontal plane is combined with the aftershock projection on the vertical section to comprehensively judge whether the aftershock relocation data set meets the characteristics of small earthquake clusters. Based on the aftershock density distribution on the horizontal plane and vertical section, a new quantitative method is obtained to judge the cluster characteristics of aftershock data in three-dimensional space, making the quantitative data more accurate and improving the accuracy of cluster feature judgment.

[0074] Based on the above step a), after determining in the above step a) whether the aftershock relocation data meets the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics, the following steps may also be included:

[0075] Step d), if the aftershock relocation data meet the specified characteristics of the small earthquake cluster, the nature and number of the earthquake-causing faults are determined by combining the aftershock relocation data, surface fault traces and local research data.

[0076] For example, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in the process of determining the nature and number of seismic faults, when the aftershock data are clustered, the surface fault traces and aftershock relocation data are combined to determine the nature (exposed or concealed active faults) and number (N) of the seismic faults, thereby providing data support for the data processing process in the subsequent process.

[0077] In some embodiments, the above step S120 may include the following steps:

[0078] Step e), determining the aftershock projection result on the vertical section according to the three-dimensional slice results at every preset length along the aftershock relocation data corresponding to the aftershock catalog direction;

[0079] Step f), fitting a single two-dimensional interpretation line of the fault by the least square method according to the aftershock projection result to obtain a two-dimensional interpretation fault line.

[0080] like Figure 2 As shown, in the process of interpreting the geometric structure of the two-dimensional fault, illustratively, according to the three-dimensional slice results every 2 km along the aftershock catalog and the aftershock projection results on the section, a single two-dimensional interpretation line of the fault is fitted by the least squares principle, for example, Figure 3 This is an example of a single two-dimensional interpretation line of a fault fitted based on the least squares principle provided in the embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that the result requires: 1) the interpreted fault line passes through the middle part of the small earthquake cluster to the greatest extent; 2) if there is a surface rupture, it needs to be connected to the surface fault trace; 3) the depth of the fault line extending downward refers to the overall depth of the aftershock group, and abnormal positioning points are excluded.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, based on the fact that the aftershock catalog conforms to the cluster of small earthquakes, a new method for fitting the two-dimensional geometric structure of the fault is proposed through a new three-dimensional slicing technology. Based on the new slicing technology, the two-dimensional fault line of the aftershock on the vertical section is fitted by least squares, overcoming the subjectivity of the traditional method of qualitatively interpreting the fault line.

[0082] In some embodiments, the above step S130 may include the following steps:

[0083] Step g), using a spatial interpolation method to perform surface processing on multiple two-dimensional interpreted fault lines to generate an initial fault plane of a three-dimensional fault plane;

[0084] Step h), based on the fault zone containing multiple branch faults in the initial fault plane and the specified geological information, the cascade relationship of each branch fault is determined respectively, and the initial model of the three-dimensional fault plane is constructed according to the cascade relationship.

[0085] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, based on the fitted two-dimensional fault interpretation line, the initial fault model is interpolated to build a three-dimensional model of the seismogenic fault, that is, to build an initial model of the three-dimensional fault plane. For a fault zone containing multiple branch faults, the cascade relationship (intersection, conjugate, parallel, etc.) of each branch fault is determined in combination with geological information to build an initial model of the three-dimensional fault plane.

[0086] For example, a spatial interpolation method such as a discrete element interpolation algorithm is used to perform surface processing on multiple interpreted fault lines to form an initial fault plane of a three-dimensional fault plane. The three-dimensional fault plane of the interpolation and smoothing of the fault plane should meet the following requirements: 1) have an interpolation algorithm that meets geological and mathematical constraints; 2) generate triangular mesh or quadrilateral mesh nodes; 3) the smoothing should have boundary node constraints.

[0087] By using the spatial interpolation method to perform surface processing on multiple two-dimensional interpreted fault lines, an initial fault plane of the three-dimensional fault plane is generated. Then, based on the fault zone containing multiple branch faults in the initial fault plane and the specified geological information, the cascade relationship of each branch fault is determined respectively, and the initial model of the three-dimensional fault plane is constructed according to the cascade relationship, so that the model accuracy of the constructed initial model of the three-dimensional fault plane is higher.

[0088] In some embodiments, after the above step S140, the method may further include the following steps:

[0089] Step i): determine the fault data of the target earthquake based on the final three-dimensional model, and construct a three-dimensional attribute model of the seismogenic fault of the target earthquake according to the fault data.

[0090] The fault data includes any one or more of the following: the scale of the fault plane, the occurrence information, the type and attributes of the fault. As a possible implementation method, Figure 2 As shown, based on the obtained three-dimensional fault model, a three-dimensional attribute model of the seismogenic fault of a certain earthquake is constructed, including the calculation of the scale of the fault plane (length, cutting depth, area), attitude information (strike, dip, inclination), and a comprehensive analysis is performed in combination with the collected geological information to determine the type of fault (normal fault, reverse fault, strike-slip fault), attributes (exposed surface faults, and blind faults / hidden faults), etc.

[0091] In an embodiment of the present application, the fault data of the target earthquake is determined by the final three-dimensional model and a three-dimensional attribute model of the seismogenic fault of the target earthquake is constructed based on the fault data, so that the model accuracy of the three-dimensional attribute model of the seismogenic fault of the target earthquake is higher.

[0092] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a structure of a device for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismogenic fault based on aftershock relocation data is provided. Figure 8 As shown, the device 800 for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data includes:

[0093] An acquisition module 801 is used to acquire aftershock relocation data;

[0094] A determination module 802 is used to determine a two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data by using a least square method through three-dimensional slices;

[0095] A generating module 803 is used for performing spatial interpolation based on the two-dimensional interpreted fault line to generate an initial three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane;

[0096] The adjustment module 804 is used to determine the distance from the designated large aftershock to the seismic fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model, and adjust the seismic fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model to be close to the middle of the designated large aftershock, so that the distance from multiple designated large aftershocks to the seismic fault plane is within a preset distance, thereby obtaining a final three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane; wherein the designated large aftershock is an aftershock with a magnitude greater than a preset magnitude.

[0097] The device for constructing a three-dimensional model of an earthquake-causing fault based on aftershock relocation data provided in an embodiment of the present application has the same technical features as the method for constructing a three-dimensional model of an earthquake-causing fault based on aftershock relocation data provided in the above-mentioned embodiment, and therefore can also solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects.

[0098] An electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application is Fig. 9 As shown, the electronic device 900 includes a processor 902 and a memory 901, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the method provided in the above embodiment when executing the computer program.

[0099] See also Fig. 9 The electronic device further includes: a bus 903 and a communication interface 904, a processor 902, a communication interface 904 and a memory 901 are connected via the bus 903; the processor 902 is used to execute an executable module stored in the memory 901, such as a computer program.

[0100] The memory 901 may include a high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage. The communication connection between the system network element and at least one other network element is realized through at least one communication interface 904 (which may be wired or wireless), and the Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc. may be used.

[0101] The bus 903 may be an ISA bus, a PCI bus, or an EISA bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Fig. 9 Only one bidirectional arrow is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0102] Among them, the memory 901 is used to store programs, and the processor 902 executes the program after receiving the execution instruction. The method executed by the device defined by the process disclosed in any embodiment of the present application can be applied to the processor 902 or implemented by the processor 902.

[0103] The processor 902 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by the hardware integrated logic circuit or software instructions in the processor 902. The above processor 902 can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed. The general processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as a hardware decoding processor to execute, or the hardware and software modules in the decoding processor are combined to execute. The software module may be located in a storage medium mature in the art such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory 901, and the processor 902 reads the information in the memory 901 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

[0104] Corresponding to the above-mentioned method for constructing a three-dimensional model of an earthquake-causing fault based on aftershock relocation data, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are called and executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions prompt the processor to execute the steps of the above-mentioned method for constructing a three-dimensional model of an earthquake-causing fault based on aftershock relocation data.

[0105] The device for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data provided in the embodiment of the present application can be specific hardware on the device or software or firmware installed on the device. The device provided in the embodiment of the present application, its implementation principle and the technical effect produced are the same as those in the aforementioned method embodiment. For the sake of brief description, for the parts not mentioned in the device embodiment, reference can be made to the corresponding contents in the aforementioned method embodiment. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can all refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0106] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some communication interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0107] For another example, the flowchart and block diagram in the accompanying drawings show the possible architecture, function and operation of the device, method and computer program product according to multiple embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of the code, and the module, the program segment or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a different order from the order marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or the flowchart, and the combination of the boxes in the block diagram and / or the flowchart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or action, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0108] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0109] In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments provided in the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0110] If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be essentially or partly embodied in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.

[0111] It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementation methods of the present application, which are used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application, rather than to limit it. The protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solution recorded in the aforementioned embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application. They should all be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain aftershock relocation data; Determine the two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data by using the least square method through three-dimensional slicing; Perform spatial interpolation based on the two-dimensional interpreted fault lines to generate an initial three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane; Determine the distance from the designated large aftershock to the seismogenic fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model, and adjust the seismogenic fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model to be close to the middle of the designated large aftershock, so that the distances from multiple designated large aftershocks to the seismogenic fault plane are within a preset distance, and obtain a final three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane; wherein the designated large aftershock is an aftershock greater than a preset magnitude; The step of determining the two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data by using the least square method through three-dimensional slicing includes: Determine the aftershock projection result on the vertical section according to the three-dimensional slice results at every preset length along the aftershock relocation data corresponding to the aftershock catalog direction; According to the aftershock projection result, a single two-dimensional interpretation line of the fault is fitted by the least square method to obtain a two-dimensional interpretation fault line; The step of performing spatial interpolation based on the two-dimensional interpreted fault line to generate an initial three-dimensional model of a three-dimensional fault plane comprises: Using a spatial interpolation method to perform surface processing on the plurality of two-dimensional interpreted fault lines to generate an initial fault plane of a three-dimensional fault plane; Based on the fault zone containing multiple branch faults in the initial fault plane and the specified geological information, the cascade relationship of each branch fault is determined respectively, and an initial model of the three-dimensional fault plane is constructed according to the cascade relationship; After the step of obtaining the final three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane, the method further includes: Determine the fault data of the target earthquake based on the final three-dimensional model, and construct a three-dimensional attribute model of the seismogenic fault of the target earthquake according to the fault data; wherein the fault data includes any one or more of the following: The scale of the fault plane, information on its attitude, type of fault and its properties.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After the step of obtaining aftershock relocation data, the method further includes: Determine whether the aftershock relocation data conforms to the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics. If the aftershock relocation data conforms to the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics, execute the step of determining the two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data through three-dimensional slicing using the least squares method.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step of determining whether the aftershock relocation data meets the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics includes: Determine whether aftershock density distribution data of the aftershock relocation data in a horizontal plane and aftershock density distribution data of the aftershock relocation data projected on a vertical section have a band-like or linear feature, and obtain a determination result; It is determined according to the judgment result whether the cluster characteristics of the data set of the aftershock relocation data in the three-dimensional space conform to the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: After the step of determining whether the aftershock relocation data meets the specified small earthquake cluster characteristics, the method further includes: If the aftershock relocation data conforms to the characteristics of the designated small earthquake cluster, the nature and number of the earthquake-causing faults are determined by combining the aftershock relocation data, surface fault traces and local research data.

5. A device for constructing a three-dimensional model of a seismic fault based on aftershock relocation data, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, used to acquire aftershock relocation data; A determination module, used for determining a two-dimensional interpretation fault line of the aftershock projection on the vertical section corresponding to the aftershock relocation data by using a least square method through three-dimensional slices; A generating module, used for performing spatial interpolation based on the two-dimensional interpreted fault line to generate an initial three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane; An adjustment module is used to determine the distance from a designated large aftershock to the seismogenic fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model, and adjust the seismogenic fault plane of the initial three-dimensional model to be close to the middle of the designated large aftershock, so that the distances from multiple designated large aftershocks to the seismogenic fault plane are within a preset distance, thereby obtaining a final three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional fault plane; wherein the designated large aftershock is an aftershock greater than a preset magnitude; Determine the module specifically for: Determine the aftershock projection result on the vertical section according to the three-dimensional slice results at every preset length along the aftershock relocation data corresponding to the aftershock catalog direction; According to the aftershock projection result, a single two-dimensional interpretation line of the fault is fitted by the least square method to obtain a two-dimensional interpretation fault line; The generation module is specifically used for: Using a spatial interpolation method to perform surface processing on the plurality of two-dimensional interpreted fault lines to generate an initial fault plane of a three-dimensional fault plane; Based on the fault zone containing multiple branch faults in the initial fault plane and the specified geological information, the cascade relationship of each branch fault is determined respectively, and an initial model of the three-dimensional fault plane is constructed according to the cascade relationship; Also includes: A construction module is used to determine the fault data of the target earthquake based on the final three-dimensional model, and to construct a three-dimensional attribute model of the seismogenic fault of the target earthquake according to the fault data; wherein the fault data includes any one or more of the following: scale of the fault plane, attitude information, type and attributes of the fault.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are called and executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions prompt the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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