A method, device, equipment and storage medium for imaging abnormal geological bodies beside a well

Abstract

The present application discloses a method, device, equipment and storage medium for imaging abnormal geological bodies beside a well, which relates to the technical field of oil and gas geophysical exploration, and includes: determining orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signals in a plane perpendicular to the well axis by using the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic receiving station of a preset acoustic far-detection cylindrical receiving array; determining the projected vibration velocity waveform signals at the scanning azimuth angles based on the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signals; determining the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform signals, determining the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient based on the sound pressure and projected vibration velocity waveform signals, and determining the weighted waveform similarity coefficient of the abnormal geological bodies beside the well; performing three-dimensional space scanning calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a preset coordinate calculation method to determine the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological bodies beside the well and generate an azimuth and spatial distribution image of the abnormal geological bodies beside the well. In this way, the azimuth positioning performance of the abnormal geological bodies beside the well can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas geophysical exploration, and particularly relates to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for imaging abnormal geological bodies beside wells. Background Art

[0002] The acoustic far-detection logging technology refers to a petroleum engineering technology in which a sound source is arranged in a liquid-filled wellbore several kilometers deep to radiate acoustic waves, and receivers are arranged to receive the reflected or scattered echo signals from abnormal geological bodies beside the well. According to information such as the arrival time and amplitude of the echo waveform, the properties of the formation beside the well are evaluated. It can be used for fracture evaluation of the formation beside the well, rescue detection of accident wells, geothermal reservoir evaluation, and directional drilling perforation, etc.

[0003] In the early stage, several acoustic transducers were arranged linearly along the well axis as acoustic receivers. When the sound source was a monopole, the acoustic receivers mainly recorded the sound pressure signals in the wellbore fluid. When the sound source was an orthogonal dipole, the acoustic receivers mainly recorded the vibration velocity signals in the wellbore fluid. The linear receivers located on the well axis could only collect limited formation information, which made the acoustic far-detection logging technology based on such acoustic receivers unable to accurately measure the azimuth information of abnormal geological bodies beside the well. Qiao Wenxiao et al. arranged several acoustic transducers in a circle to form a phased acoustic arc array sound source, and arranged several phased acoustic arc array sound sources along the axis to form a phased acoustic cylindrical array sound source, realizing the directional radiation of acoustic waves in the horizontal plane (the plane perpendicular to the well axis) and the vertical plane (the plane parallel to the well axis). Similarly, arranging several acoustic transducers in a circle to form an acoustic receiving station, and arranging several acoustic receiving stations along the axis to form a cylindrical receiving array can also achieve three-dimensional (axial, circumferential, and radial) reflected acoustic wave imaging and accurately obtain the azimuth information of abnormal geological bodies beside the well.

[0004] For this new cylindrical receiving array, researchers have proposed various signal processing methods to obtain the azimuth information of abnormal geological bodies beside the well, including 3D-STC method, downhole acoustic phased array directional scanning receiving method, three-dimensional space scanning imaging method, etc. These methods mainly perform azimuth imaging based on the time difference or amplitude difference of the acoustic pressure waveforms between receivers in different azimuths. Due to the limitation of the wellbore size, the distance between receiving units in different azimuths of the same acoustic wave receiving station is significantly less than or equivalent to the longitudinal and transverse wave wavelengths in the formation. The arrival times and amplitudes of the acoustic pressure waveforms recorded by receiving units in different azimuths are similar and the differences are small. This enables these methods to estimate the azimuth of abnormal geological bodies beside the well, but on the azimuth imaging map, the abnormal geological bodies beside the well usually have a relatively wide azimuth angle range, and there are even large imaging values at the azimuth opposite to the actual azimuth of the abnormal geological bodies beside the well, thus affecting the accuracy of the azimuth estimation of abnormal geological bodies beside the well. In recent years, important progress has been made in unconventional oil and gas exploration, and the application of through-drillpipe acoustic logging technology and deep well multi-stage drilling has become more and more common. Conventional logging instruments are difficult to meet the measurement requirements due to the limitation of instrument size, which requires smaller-sized logging instruments. Therefore, it has become an urgent problem to study a high-precision azimuth positioning method for abnormal geological bodies beside the well applicable to small-sized logging instruments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an imaging method, device, equipment and storage medium for abnormal geological bodies beside the well, which can suppress strong interference and noise outside the true azimuth angle of abnormal geological bodies beside the well and effectively improve the azimuth positioning performance of abnormal geological bodies beside the well. The specific solutions are as follows:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application discloses an imaging method for abnormal geological bodies beside the well, including:

[0007] Determine the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signals in the plane perpendicular to the well axis by using the acoustic pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic wave receiving station of the preset acoustic wave far-detection cylindrical receiving array;

[0008] Select any spatial grid point from several spatial grids divided from the three-dimensional formation beside the well, and determine the scanning azimuth angle based on the spatial grid point;

[0009] Determine the projected vibration velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle based on the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signals;

[0010] Determine the acoustic pressure waveform similarity coefficient based on the acoustic pressure waveform signals, and determine the acoustic pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient based on the acoustic pressure and the projected vibration velocity waveform signals. Then, determine the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on the acoustic pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the acoustic pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient;

[0011] Perform three-dimensional spatial scanning calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a preset coordinate calculation method to determine the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well, and generate the azimuth and spatial distribution image of the abnormal geological body beside the well based on the three-dimensional spatial coordinates.

[0012] Optionally, the determining the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal in the plane perpendicular to the well axis by using the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic wave receiving station of the preset acoustic wave far-detection cylindrical receiving array includes:

[0013] Determine the multi-component vibration velocity waveform signal in the plane perpendicular to the well axis based on the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic wave receiving station of the preset acoustic wave far-detection cylindrical receiving array;

[0014] Process the multi-component vibration velocity waveform signal based on a preset signal processing method to obtain the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal.

[0015] Optionally, the processing the multi-component vibration velocity waveform signal based on a preset signal processing method to obtain the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal includes:

[0016] Perform permutation and combination operations on the multi-component vibration velocity waveform signals in the same acoustic wave receiving station based on a preset signal combination method to obtain the combined cross-component signals;

[0017] Perform conversion processing on the combined cross-component signals by using a preset coordinate conversion method to obtain the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal.

[0018] Optionally, the determining the projected vibration velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle based on the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal includes:

[0019] Perform linear combination on the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal in the plane perpendicular to the well axis based on a preset projected vibration velocity waveform generation formula to obtain the projected vibration velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle.

[0020] Optionally, the determining the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform signal, determining the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient based on the sound pressure and the projected vibration velocity waveform signal, and then determining the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient includes:

[0021] Process the target waveform data in any time window by using a preset waveform similarity coefficient calculation formula to determine the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient;

[0022] Process the sound pressure and projected vibration velocity waveform data in any time window by using a preset waveform correlation coefficient calculation formula to determine the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient;

[0023] Process the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the correlation coefficient of the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveforms using a preset weighted similarity coefficient calculation formula to determine the weighted waveform similarity coefficient.

[0024] Optionally, the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well are determined by performing a three-dimensional space scan calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a preset coordinate calculation method, including:

[0025] Perform a traversal calculation of the weighted waveform similarity coefficient beside the well based on a number of three-dimensional space coordinates in a preset three-dimensional coordinate space, and determine the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well as the three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the preset extreme value conditions.

[0026] Optionally, the traversal calculation of the weighted waveform similarity coefficient beside the well based on a number of three-dimensional space coordinates in a preset three-dimensional coordinate space, and determining the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well as the three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the preset extreme value conditions includes:

[0027] Determine the well axis imaging profile coordinate system, perform a traversal calculation of the weighted waveform similarity coefficient beside the well based on a number of first three-dimensional space coordinates under the well axis imaging profile coordinate system, and then determine the first three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the first preset extreme value conditions as the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well;

[0028] Or, determine a plane coordinate system perpendicular to the well axis, perform a traversal calculation of the weighted waveform similarity coefficient beside the well based on a number of second three-dimensional space coordinates under the plane coordinate system, and then determine the second three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the second preset extreme value conditions as the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present application discloses an imaging device for an abnormal geological body beside a well, including:

[0030] A waveform signal determination module for determining an orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal in a plane perpendicular to the well axis using the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic receiving station of a preset acoustic far-detection cylindrical receiving array;

[0031] A scanning azimuth angle determination module for selecting any spatial grid point from a number of spatial grids formed by dividing the three-dimensional formation beside the well, and determining the scanning azimuth angle based on the spatial grid point;

[0032] A projection signal determination module for determining a projected vibration velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle based on the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal;

[0033] A weighted coefficient determination module, configured to determine a sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform signal, and determine a correlation coefficient between the sound pressure and the projection vibration velocity waveform signal based on the sound pressure and the projection vibration velocity waveform signal, and then determine a weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the correlation coefficient between the sound pressure and the projection vibration velocity waveform signal;

[0034] A target imaging module, configured to perform three-dimensional space scanning calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a preset coordinate calculation method to determine the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well, and generate an azimuth and spatial distribution image of the abnormal geological body beside the well based on the three-dimensional space coordinates.

[0035] In a third aspect, the present application discloses an electronic device, including:

[0036] A memory, configured to store a computer program;

[0037] A processor, configured to execute the computer program to implement the foregoing method for imaging an abnormal geological body beside a well.

[0038] In a fourth aspect, the present application discloses a computer-readable storage medium, configured to store a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the foregoing method for imaging an abnormal geological body beside a well is implemented.

[0039] It can be seen that in the present application, first, the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal in the plane perpendicular to the well axis is determined by using the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic wave receiving station of the preset acoustic wave long-distance detection cylindrical receiving array; any spatial grid point is selected from several spatial grids divided by the three-dimensional formation beside the well, and the scanning azimuth angle is determined based on the spatial grid point; the projection vibration velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle is determined based on the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal; the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient is determined based on the sound pressure waveform signal, and the correlation coefficient between the sound pressure and the projection vibration velocity waveform signal is determined based on the sound pressure and the projection vibration velocity waveform signal, and then the weighted waveform similarity coefficient is determined based on the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the correlation coefficient between the sound pressure and the projection vibration velocity waveform signal; the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well are determined by performing three-dimensional space scanning calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a preset coordinate calculation method, and an azimuth and spatial distribution image of the abnormal geological body beside the well is generated based on the three-dimensional space coordinates. In this way, for the downhole three-dimensional acoustic wave long-distance detection spatial scanning imaging method based on the acoustic vector array, without increasing the sound source frequency, the vibration velocity sensor has a spatial directivity independent of frequency, and according to the correlation between the sound pressure and the vibration velocity, strong interference and noise outside the true azimuth angle of the abnormal geological body beside the well can be suppressed, effectively improving the azimuth positioning performance of the abnormal geological body beside the well under the condition of a small-size diameter acoustic wave receiving station, and improving the azimuth imaging signal-to-noise ratio of the acoustic wave long-distance detection. Description of the Drawings

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 Flowchart of a method for imaging abnormal geological bodies beside a well disclosed in this application;

[0042] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a cylindrical receiving array of an azimuthal far-detection acoustic logging instrument disclosed in this application;

[0043] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of multi-component vibration velocity waveform synthesis disclosed in this application;

[0044] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a sound vector sensor simultaneously recording sound pressure and vibration velocity signals disclosed in this application;

[0045] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a three-dimensional space scanning imaging scheme disclosed in this application;

[0046] Figure 6 Flowchart of a specific method for imaging abnormal geological bodies beside a well disclosed in this application;

[0047] Figure 7 Flowchart of a specific method for imaging abnormal geological bodies beside a well disclosed in this application;

[0048] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of an imaging device for abnormal geological bodies beside a well disclosed in this application;

[0049] Figure 9 Structural diagram of an electronic device disclosed in this application. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope protected by this application.

[0051] The three-dimensional space scanning imaging method based on the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient mainly opens time windows according to the time difference of arrival between receivers in different azimuths, and then calculates the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient. Since the diameter of the acoustic wave receiving station is significantly smaller than or equivalent to the longitudinal and transverse wave wavelengths in the formation, the arrival times of the sound pressure waveforms recorded by different azimuth receiving units of the same acoustic wave receiving station are close and the differences are small. This makes the azimuth focusing performance of this method not high, and there are large artifacts of abnormal geological bodies beside the well at irrelevant azimuths, which may obscure the actual target azimuth angle. For an actual wellbore, since it is difficult to increase the diameter of the acoustic wave receiving station, increasing the frequency of the sound source is an idea to improve the azimuth measurement accuracy of this method. However, high-frequency acoustic waves attenuate severely, which will greatly reduce the detection range. Aiming at the deficiencies of the current acoustic wave long-distance detection logging method, the present invention provides a downhole three-dimensional acoustic wave long-distance detection space scanning imaging method based on an acoustic vector array, which has the beneficial effects of improving the azimuth positioning performance of abnormal geological bodies beside the well under the condition of a small-diameter acoustic wave receiving station and improving the azimuth imaging signal-to-noise ratio of acoustic wave long-distance detection.

[0052] See Figure 1 As shown, an imaging method for abnormal geological bodies beside a well disclosed in an embodiment of the present application includes:

[0053] Step S11: Determine the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signals in the plane perpendicular to the well axis by using the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic wave receiving station of a preset acoustic wave long-distance detection cylindrical receiving array.

[0054] In this embodiment, first, in acoustic wave long-distance detection, the cylindrical array receiver on the logging instrument is as Figure 2 shown, and is composed of N equally spaced acoustic wave receiving stations R1-R N N, and each acoustic wave receiving station is composed of M azimuth receiving units E1-E M M (M = 8) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Then, the i-th acoustic wave receiving station and the j-th azimuth receiving unit can be denoted as R i i j Ej, and the sound pressure waveform signal Wp directly recorded by the receiving unit R i i j Ej in the well fluid is i，jTherefore, determining the orthogonal velocity component waveform signals in the plane perpendicular to the well axis by using the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic receiving station of the preset acoustic far-detection cylindrical receiving array includes: determining the multi-component velocity waveform signals in the plane perpendicular to the well axis by using the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic receiving station of the preset acoustic far-detection cylindrical receiving array; processing the multi-component velocity waveform signals based on a preset signal processing method to obtain the orthogonal velocity component waveform signals. That is, when the diameter of the acoustic receiving station is much smaller than the acoustic wavelength in the formation beside the well, two receiving units with an azimuth difference of 180° in the same acoustic receiving station form a velocity component receiving sensor for the vibration of the fluid particles in the well. As Figure 3 shown, each acoustic receiving station includes M = 8 receiving units, so each acoustic receiving station includes 4 velocity component receiving sensors. Then, the calculation formula for the multi-component velocity signal at the center (point O) of the i-th acoustic receiving station is as follows:

[0055]

[0056]

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] Among them, v i,1 , v i,2 , v i,3 , v i,4 respectively represent the time-domain velocity component waveform signals in 4 directions at point O of the i-th acoustic receiving station; Wp i，1 -Wp i，8 respectively represent the time-domain sound pressure waveform signals in 8 azimuths, r tool is the radius of the acoustic receiving station, ω is the angular frequency, ρ0 is the static density of the medium, represents the forward Fourier transform, represents the inverse Fourier transform. Then, pairwise combination and grouped coordinate transformation are respectively performed on the multi-component velocity waveform signals corresponding to each acoustic receiving station to obtain multiple groups of orthogonal component velocity waveform signals corresponding to each acoustic receiving station.

[0060] Step S12: Select any spatial grid point from several spatial grids divided from the formation beside the well in three dimensions, and determine the scanning azimuth angle based on the spatial grid point.

[0061] In this embodiment, any spatial grid point is selected from a number of spatial grids into which the three-dimensional formation beside the well is divided, and the scanning azimuth angle is determined based on the spatial grid point. That is, the three-dimensional formation beside the well is divided into a finite number of spatial grids, and for any spatial grid point, the scanning azimuth angle is calculated. Among them, the scanning azimuth angle is the azimuth angle of the spatial grid point, and the value range is 0° ≤ θ < 360°, with the due north direction being 0°, increasing in the clockwise direction.

[0062] Step S13: Determine the projected vibration velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle based on the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal.

[0063] In this embodiment, the determining the projected vibration velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle based on the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal includes: linearly combining the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signals in the plane perpendicular to the well axis based on a preset projected vibration velocity waveform generation formula to obtain the projected vibration velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle. That is, linearly combining two orthogonal vibration velocity components X(t) and Y(t) in the plane perpendicular to the well axis. Among them, the projected vibration velocity Wv i (x,t) is:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, x is the spatial node coordinate; θ(x) is the scanning azimuth angle corresponding to any point x on the three-dimensional spatial grid; Wv i (x,t) is the projected vibration velocity waveform corresponding to the i-th acoustic receiving station; X i,l (t) and Y i,l (t) are the l-th group of orthogonal vibration velocity component waveforms of the i-th acoustic receiving station.

[0066] Step S14: Determine the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform signal, and determine the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient based on the sound pressure and the projected vibration velocity waveform signal, and then determine the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient.

[0067] In this embodiment, considering that the same-mode echoes scattered by the same in-well sound source and the same abnormal geological body beside the well directly recorded by the cylindrical receiving array are similar, the three-dimensional positioning of the abnormal geological body beside the well can be performed based on the similarity of the sound pressure waveforms. Among them, determining the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform signal includes: processing the sound pressure waveform data within any time window using a preset waveform similarity coefficient calculation formula to determine the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient. Since the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient is calculated for the waveform data within a certain time window, the preset waveform similarity coefficient calculation formula is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, S k (x) is the waveform similarity coefficient of the k-th mode echo generated by any point x on the three-dimensional spatial grid (k = 1, 2, 3, 4 respectively represent the scattered longitudinal wave (PP), scattered transverse wave (SS), mode-converted transverse wave (PS), and mode-converted longitudinal wave (SP)); Wp i,j (t) is the acoustic pressure waveform recorded by the receiving unit R i E j ; T w is the length of the opened time window, x T represents the spatial coordinate of the transmitter, represents the receiving unit R i E j 's spatial coordinate, represents the incident wave velocity corresponding to the k-th mode wave, represents the scattered wave velocity corresponding to the k-th mode wave, and take values of one of the longitudinal wave (P) and transverse wave (S) velocities in the formation respectively. The process of determining the correlation coefficient between the acoustic pressure and the vibration velocity waveform based on the acoustic pressure and the projected vibration velocity waveform signal needs to consider harmonic acoustic waves. Among them, the relationship between the acoustic pressure and the particle vibration velocity is as follows:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, v = vn is the vibration velocity, v is the vibration velocity waveform, n is the unit vector describing the vibration velocity direction; p is the acoustic pressure, ρ0 is the static density of the medium, and ω is the angular frequency.

[0072] The plane wave propagating along the x-axis is:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, A is the acoustic pressure amplitude, k is the wave number, where c is the acoustic velocity of the medium.

[0075] From the above, it can be obtained that:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, ρ0c is the acoustic impedance of the medium. Therefore, the acoustic pressure and particle velocity waveforms of plane waves are in the same phase and completely correlated. The far field of complex sound waves such as spherical waves and cylindrical waves (the distance between the sound source and the receiving point is much greater than the sound wave wavelength) can be approximated as plane waves. In acoustic far detection, when the radial distance between the abnormal geological body beside the well and the well axis is much greater than the sound wave wavelength, the acoustic pressure and particle velocity waveforms of the echo signal of the abnormal geological body beside the well received by the same acoustic receiver in the fluid-filled wellbore are in the same phase and completely correlated; as Figure 4 shown, in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, a vector sensor combining acoustic pressure and particle velocity can output the acoustic pressure and two-dimensional orthogonal particle velocity components:

[0078] p(t) = ρ0cv(t)

[0079] v x (t) = v(t)cosβsinα

[0080] v y (t) = v(t)cosβcosα;

[0081] Among them, v x (t) and v y (t) are the particle velocity component waveforms orthogonal to each other in the plane perpendicular to the well axis; α is the azimuth angle of the abnormal geological body beside the well, with the due north direction (the positive y-axis direction) being 0°, increasing clockwise; β is the vertical angle of the abnormal geological body beside the well, where 0° ≤ β ≤ 90° represents the elevation angle, and -90° ≤ β ≤ 0° represents the depression angle. Therefore, the correlation coefficient between the acoustic pressure and particle velocity waveforms is calculated for the waveform data within a certain time window as:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, C k (x) is the correlation coefficient between the acoustic pressure and particle velocity waveforms of the k-th mode echo generated by any point x on the three-dimensional spatial grid. When the spatial node is indeed the scattering point on the abnormal geological body beside the well, the value of C k (x) is the largest and close to 1; under the condition that other parameters are the same, when the scanning azimuth angle of the spatial node differs from the azimuth angle of the abnormal geological body beside the well by 180°, C kThe value of (x) is less than 0, and its absolute value is significantly less than 1. When the radial distance between the abnormal geological body beside the well and the well axis is much larger than the acoustic wavelength, the acoustic pressure and vibration velocity waveforms of the echo signal of the abnormal geological body beside the well received by the same acoustic wave receiver in the fluid-filled wellbore are completely correlated. When the spatial scanning azimuth angle is the same as the azimuth angle of the abnormal geological body beside the well, the acoustic pressure and vibration velocity are positively correlated; when the spatial scanning azimuth angle differs from the azimuth angle of the abnormal geological body beside the well by 180°, the acoustic pressure and vibration velocity are negatively correlated; when the spatial scanning azimuth angle differs from the azimuth angle of the abnormal geological body beside the well by 90°, the acoustic pressure and vibration velocity are uncorrelated. In this way, based on this correlation characteristic of the acoustic pressure and vibration velocity, the uncertainty in the azimuth measurement of the abnormal geological body beside the well can be eliminated.

[0084] After determining the acoustic pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the correlation coefficient of the acoustic pressure and vibration velocity waveforms, the weighted waveform similarity coefficient can be determined based on the acoustic pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the correlation coefficient of the acoustic pressure and vibration velocity waveforms. Specifically, taking the correlation coefficient of the acoustic pressure and vibration velocity waveforms as the weighting coefficient, the weighted waveform similarity coefficient is defined as:

[0085] I k (x) = S k (x) · C k (x);

[0086] wherein, I k (x) is the weighted similarity coefficient of the k-th mode echo generated by any point x on the three-dimensional space grid.

[0087] Step S15: Perform three-dimensional space scanning calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a preset coordinate calculation method to determine the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well, and generate an azimuth and spatial distribution image of the abnormal geological body beside the well based on the three-dimensional space coordinates.

[0088] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, the performing three-dimensional space scanning calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a preset coordinate calculation method to determine the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well, and generating an azimuth and spatial distribution image of the abnormal geological body beside the well based on the three-dimensional space coordinates includes: performing well-side space traversal calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a number of three-dimensional space coordinates in a preset three-dimensional coordinate space, and determining the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well as the three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the preset extreme value conditions. That is, the spatial trial points that can make the weighted waveform similarity coefficient reach the extreme point are the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well. Among them, the spatial trial points are a number of three-dimensional space coordinates in the preset three-dimensional coordinate space.

[0089] In a specific embodiment, the weighted waveform similarity coefficient is calculated by three-dimensional space scanning based on a preset coordinate calculation method to determine the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well, and an azimuth and spatial distribution image of the abnormal geological body beside the well is generated based on the three-dimensional space coordinates, including: determining a well axis imaging profile coordinate system, and performing traversal calculation of the weighted waveform similarity coefficient in the well side space based on a number of first three-dimensional space coordinates in the well axis imaging profile coordinate system, and then determining the first three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the first preset extreme value condition as the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well. That is, an rθz cylindrical coordinate system is established, and the z-axis coincides with the central axis of the wellbore. Through a reference azimuth angle, a cross-section passing through the well axis (vertical plane) is determined, and scanning imaging is performed in this plane to further determine the radial and axial positions of the abnormal geological body beside the well. At this time, the spatial coordinates of a point P in the cross-section passing through the well axis imaging profile are:

[0090] x = (r, z, θ0);

[0091] where θ0 is the reference azimuth angle of the cross-section passing through the well axis imaging profile, and r and z are the radial and axial coordinates of a point in the cross-section passing through the well axis imaging profile, respectively.

[0092] In another specific embodiment, the weighted waveform similarity coefficient is calculated by three-dimensional space scanning based on a preset coordinate calculation method to determine the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well, and an azimuth and spatial distribution image of the abnormal geological body beside the well is generated based on the three-dimensional space coordinates, including: determining a plane coordinate system perpendicular to the well axis, and performing traversal calculation of the weighted waveform similarity coefficient in the well side space based on a number of second three-dimensional space coordinates in the plane coordinate system, and then determining the second three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the second preset extreme value condition as the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well. Through a reference axial position (wellbore depth position), a plane perpendicular to the well axis is determined, and scanning imaging is performed in this plane to further determine the azimuth and radial positions of the abnormal geological body beside the well. At this time, the spatial coordinates of a point P in the plane perpendicular to the well axis are:

[0093] x = (r, z0, θ);

[0094] where z0 is the reference axial position (wellbore depth position) of the plane perpendicular to the well axis, and r and θ are the radial coordinate and circumferential coordinate (azimuth angle) of a point in the plane perpendicular to the well axis, respectively.

[0095] It can be seen that in this embodiment, as Figure 6First, the fluid sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic wave receiving station of the acoustic wave long-distance detection cylindrical receiving array are synthesized into particle velocity waveform signals in a plane perpendicular to the well axis; the three-dimensional formation beside the well is divided into a finite number of spatial grids, and for any spatial grid point, the scanning azimuth angle is calculated; a linear combination is performed on the orthogonal velocity component waveform signals in the plane perpendicular to the well axis to obtain the projected velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle; then, the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient, the correlation coefficient between the sound pressure and velocity waveforms, and the weighted waveform similarity coefficient are calculated in sequence; finally, the weighted waveform similarity coefficients corresponding to each point in the three-dimensional spatial grid are calculated traversally to obtain the azimuth and spatial distribution images of the abnormal geological body beside the well. In this way, the downhole three-dimensional acoustic wave long-distance detection spatial scanning imaging method based on the acoustic vector array does not need to increase the sound source frequency. The velocity sensor has a spatial directivity independent of frequency. According to the correlation between the sound pressure and velocity, strong interference and noise outside the true azimuth angle of the abnormal geological body beside the well can be suppressed, effectively improving the azimuth positioning performance of the abnormal geological body beside the well under the condition of a small-sized acoustic wave receiving station, and improving the azimuth imaging signal-to-noise ratio of the acoustic wave long-distance detection.

[0096] In the above embodiment, the downhole three-dimensional acoustic wave long-distance detection spatial scanning imaging method based on the acoustic vector array is specifically introduced. In this embodiment, the process of determining the orthogonal velocity component waveform signal will be introduced in detail.

[0097] See Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present application discloses a specific imaging method for an abnormal geological body beside a well, including:

[0098] Step S21: Determine the multi-component velocity waveform signal in a plane perpendicular to the well axis based on the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic wave receiving station located in a preset acoustic wave long-distance detection cylindrical receiving array.

[0099] In this embodiment, the acoustic wave long-distance detection cylindrical receiving array includes N acoustic wave receiving stations evenly distributed axially, numbered i = 1 to N, and each acoustic wave receiving station includes M sound pressure receiving units evenly distributed circumferentially, numbered j = 1 to M; when the diameter of the acoustic wave receiving station is much smaller than the acoustic wave wavelength in the formation beside the well, any two sound pressure receiving units in the acoustic wave receiving station can form a velocity receiving sensor for the vibration of the fluid particles in the well; the velocity receiving sensor responds to the projection component of the acoustic wave velocity on its axis and has a spatial directivity independent of frequency, and the smaller the scale of the acoustic wave receiving station, the more prominent the advantages are.

[0100] Step S22: Perform permutation and combination operations on the multi-component velocity waveform signals in the same acoustic wave receiving station based on a preset signal combination method to obtain the combined cross-component signals.

[0101] In this embodiment, the multi-component particle velocity waveform signals in the same acoustic wave receiving station are arranged and combined based on a preset signal combination method to obtain combined cross-component signals. That is, first, the multi-component particle velocity waveform signals v i,1 , v i,2 , v i,3 , v i,4 of each acoustic wave receiving station (i = 1, 2,..., N) in the plane perpendicular to the well axis are input. Then, for the i-th acoustic wave receiving station, the multi-component particle velocity waveform signals are fully arranged and combined pairwise to obtain multiple groups of cross-components (v i,1 , v i,2 ), (v i,1 , v i,3 ), (v i,1 , v i,4 ), (v i,2 , v i,3 ), (v i,2 , v i,4 ), (v i,3 , v i,4 ).

[0102] Step S23: Use a preset coordinate transformation method to perform transformation processing on the combined cross-component signals to obtain orthogonal particle velocity component waveform signals.

[0103] In this embodiment, a preset coordinate transformation method is used to perform transformation processing on the combined cross-component signals to obtain orthogonal particle velocity component waveform signals. That is, for the k-th group of cross-components, first generate a coordinate transformation matrix to transform the k-th group of cross-components into orthogonal components (x i,k , y i,k ), where α k is the included angle of the k-th group of cross-components; then generate a rotation matrix to rotate (x i,k , y i,k ) into (X i,k , Y i,k ), where β k is the azimuth angle of the y i,k axis of the coordinate system, and the positive direction of the Y i,k axis of the coordinate system coincides with the true north direction. It should be noted that the arrangement and combination operations need to be performed on each group of cross-components of each acoustic wave receiving station, and the operation of performing transformation processing on the combined cross-component signals to obtain orthogonal particle velocity waveform signals needs to be performed on each acoustic wave receiving station. Finally, multiple groups of orthogonal component particle velocity waveform signals (X i,1 , Y i,1 ), (X i,2 , Y i,2 ),..., (Xi,6 , Y i,6 )。

[0104] It can be seen that in the present application, for any set of orthogonal component vibration velocities in the plane perpendicular to the well axis of any acoustic wave receiving station, a linear combination is constructed to obtain the projected vibration velocity waveform signal of any set of orthogonal component vibration velocities at the scanning azimuth angle. Then, the projected vibration velocity waveform signals corresponding to all orthogonal components of the acoustic wave receiving station are superimposed to obtain the projected vibration velocity waveform signal corresponding to the acoustic wave receiving station. The vibration velocity receiving sensor responds to the projected component of the acoustic wave vibration velocity on its axis and has a spatial directivity independent of frequency. Moreover, the smaller the scale of the acoustic wave receiving station, the more obvious the advantages.

[0105] Reference Figure 8 As described above, the embodiment of the present application also correspondingly discloses a device for imaging abnormal geological bodies beside a well, including:

[0106] A waveform signal determination module 11, configured to determine the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal in the plane perpendicular to the well axis by using the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic wave receiving station located in the preset acoustic wave far-detection cylindrical receiving array;

[0107] A scanning azimuth angle determination module 12, configured to select any spatial grid point from several spatial grids divided from the three-dimensional formation beside the well, and determine the scanning azimuth angle based on the spatial grid point;

[0108] A projected signal determination module 13, configured to determine the projected vibration velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle based on the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal;

[0109] A weighting coefficient determination module 14, configured to determine the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform signal, determine the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient based on the sound pressure and the projected vibration velocity waveform signal, and then determine the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient;

[0110] A target imaging module 15, configured to perform a three-dimensional space scanning calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a preset coordinate calculation method to determine the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well, and generate an azimuth and spatial distribution image of the abnormal geological body beside the well based on the three-dimensional space coordinates.

[0111] It can be seen that in this embodiment, for the downhole three-dimensional acoustic wave far-detection space scanning imaging method based on the acoustic vector array, there is no need to increase the sound source frequency. The vibration velocity sensor has a spatial directivity independent of frequency. According to the correlation between the sound pressure and the vibration velocity, strong interference and noise outside the target azimuth angle can be suppressed, effectively improving the azimuth positioning performance of the abnormal geological body beside the well under the condition of a small-size diameter acoustic wave receiving station, and improving the azimuth imaging signal-to-noise ratio of the acoustic wave far-detection.

[0112] In some specific embodiments, the waveform signal determination module 11 may specifically include:

[0113] A signal receiving unit, configured to determine a multi-component vibration velocity waveform signal in a plane perpendicular to the well axis based on the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded in each acoustic receiving station of a preset acoustic far-detection cylindrical receiving array;

[0114] A signal processing sub-module, configured to process the multi-component vibration velocity waveform signal based on a preset signal processing method to obtain an orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal.

[0115] In some specific embodiments, the signal processing sub-module may specifically include:

[0116] A signal combination unit, configured to perform permutation and combination operations on the multi-component vibration velocity waveform signals in the same acoustic receiving station based on a preset signal combination method to obtain combined cross-component signals;

[0117] A signal conversion unit, configured to perform conversion processing on the combined cross-component signals by using a preset coordinate conversion method to obtain an orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal.

[0118] In some specific embodiments, the projection signal determination module 13 may specifically be configured to perform a linear combination on the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signals in a plane perpendicular to the well axis based on a preset projection vibration velocity waveform generation formula to obtain the projection vibration velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle.

[0119] In some specific embodiments, the weighting coefficient determination module 14 may specifically include:

[0120] A sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient determination unit, configured to process the target waveform data within any time window by using a preset waveform similarity coefficient calculation formula to determine the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient;

[0121] A sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient determination unit, configured to process the sound pressure and projection vibration velocity waveform data within any time window by using a preset waveform correlation coefficient calculation formula to determine the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient;

[0122] A weighted waveform similarity coefficient determination unit, configured to process the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient by using a preset weighted similarity coefficient calculation formula to determine the weighted waveform similarity coefficient.

[0123] In some specific embodiments, the target imaging module 15 may specifically include:

[0124] A coordinate determination sub-module is configured to perform a wellside space traversal calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a number of three-dimensional space coordinates in a preset three-dimensional coordinate space, and determine the three-dimensional space coordinates of the wellside abnormal geological body as the three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the preset extreme value conditions.

[0125] In some specific embodiments, the coordinate determination sub-module may specifically include:

[0126] A first coordinate determination unit is configured to determine a well axis imaging profile coordinate system, perform a wellside space traversal calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a number of first three-dimensional space coordinates in the well axis imaging profile coordinate system, and then determine the first three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the first preset extreme value conditions as the three-dimensional space coordinates of the wellside abnormal geological body;

[0127] A second coordinate determination unit is configured to determine a plane coordinate system perpendicular to the well axis, perform a wellside space traversal calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a number of second three-dimensional space coordinates in the plane coordinate system, and then determine the second three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the second preset extreme value conditions as the three-dimensional space coordinates of the wellside abnormal geological body.

[0128] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present application also discloses an electronic device, Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of an electronic device 20 shown according to an exemplary embodiment. The content in the figure cannot be considered as any limitation on the scope of use of the present application.

[0129] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device 20 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 20 may specifically include: at least one processor 21, at least one memory 22, a power supply 23, a communication interface 24, an input / output interface 25, and a communication bus 26. Among them, the memory 22 is used to store a computer program, and the computer program is loaded and executed by the processor 21 to implement the relevant steps in the wellside abnormal geological body imaging method disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments. In addition, the electronic device 20 in this embodiment may specifically be an electronic computer.

[0130] In this embodiment, the power supply 23 is used to provide operating voltage for each hardware device on the electronic device 20; the communication interface 24 can create a data transmission channel between the electronic device 20 and external devices, and the communication protocol it follows is any communication protocol applicable to the technical solution of the present application, and no specific limitation is imposed on it here; the input / output interface 25 is used to obtain external input data or output data to the outside, and its specific interface type can be selected according to specific application needs, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0131] In addition, the memory 22, as a carrier for storing resources, can be a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disc, etc. The resources stored thereon can include an operating system 221, a computer program 222, etc., and the storage method can be transient storage or permanent storage.

[0132] Among them, the operating system 221 is used to manage and control each hardware device and the computer program 222 on the electronic device 20, and it can be Windows Server, Netware, Unix, Linux, etc. In addition to the computer program capable of implementing the wellside abnormal geological body imaging method executed by the electronic device 20 disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments, the computer program 222 can further include computer programs capable of performing other specific tasks.

[0133] Furthermore, the present application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program; wherein, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the wellside abnormal geological body imaging method disclosed above is implemented. For the specific steps of this method, reference can be made to the corresponding content disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, and details will not be elaborated herein.

[0134] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method part.

[0135] Those skilled in the art can further realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described according to functions in the above description. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0136] The steps of the method or algorithm described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be directly implemented by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. The software module can be placed in a random access memory (RAM), internal memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, register, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium well-known in the technical field.

[0137] Finally, it should also be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising said element.

[0138] The technical solutions provided in this application have been introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this text to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of this application; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to this application.

Claims

1. A method for imaging abnormal geological bodies beside a well, characterized in that, Including: Determining orthogonal velocity component waveform signals in a plane perpendicular to the well axis by using the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic receiving station of a preset acoustic far-detection cylindrical receiving array; Selecting any spatial grid point from several spatial grid points into which the three-dimensional formation beside the well is divided, and determining a scanning azimuth angle based on the spatial grid point; Determining a projected velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle based on the orthogonal velocity component waveform signals; Determining a sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform signals, determining a sound pressure and velocity waveform correlation coefficient based on the sound pressure and projected velocity waveform signals, and then determining a weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the sound pressure and velocity waveform correlation coefficient; Performing three-dimensional space scanning calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a preset coordinate calculation method to determine the three-dimensional space coordinates of abnormal geological bodies beside the well, and generating an azimuth and spatial distribution image of the abnormal geological bodies beside the well based on the three-dimensional space coordinates.

2. The imaging method of abnormal geological bodies beside a well according to claim 1, wherein The determining orthogonal velocity component waveform signals in a plane perpendicular to the well axis by using the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic receiving station of a preset acoustic far-detection cylindrical receiving array includes: Determining multi-component velocity waveform signals in a plane perpendicular to the well axis based on the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic receiving station of a preset acoustic far-detection cylindrical receiving array; Processing the multi-component velocity waveform signals based on a preset signal processing method to obtain orthogonal velocity component waveform signals.

3. The imaging method for abnormal geological bodies beside a well according to claim 2, wherein The processing the multi-component velocity waveform signals based on a preset signal processing method to obtain orthogonal velocity component waveform signals includes: Performing permutation and combination operations on the multi-component velocity waveform signals within the same acoustic receiving station based on a preset signal combination method to obtain combined cross-component signals; Performing conversion processing on the combined cross-component signals by using a preset coordinate conversion method to obtain orthogonal velocity component waveform signals.

4. The imaging method of abnormal geological bodies beside a well according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determining a projected velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle based on the orthogonal velocity component waveform signals includes: Performing linear combination on the orthogonal velocity component waveform signals in a plane perpendicular to the well axis based on a preset projected velocity waveform generation formula to obtain the projected velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle.

5. The imaging method for abnormal geological bodies beside a well according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining a sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform signals, determining a sound pressure and velocity waveform correlation coefficient based on the sound pressure and projected velocity waveform signals, and then determining a weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the sound pressure and velocity waveform correlation coefficient includes: Processing target waveform data within any time window by using a preset waveform similarity coefficient calculation formula to determine the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient; Processing the sound pressure and projected velocity waveform data within any time window by using a preset waveform correlation coefficient calculation formula to determine the sound pressure and velocity waveform correlation coefficient; Processing the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the sound pressure and velocity waveform correlation coefficient by using a preset weighted similarity coefficient calculation formula to determine the weighted waveform similarity coefficient.

6. The imaging method of abnormal geological bodies beside a well according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Performing three-dimensional space scanning calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a preset coordinate calculation method to determine the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well, including: Performing traversal calculation of the weighted waveform similarity coefficient in the space beside the well based on a number of three-dimensional space coordinates in a preset three-dimensional coordinate space, and determining the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well as the three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the preset extreme value conditions.

7. The imaging method for abnormal geological bodies beside a well according to claim 6, characterized in that, The performing traversal calculation of the weighted waveform similarity coefficient in the space beside the well based on a number of three-dimensional space coordinates in a preset three-dimensional coordinate space, and determining the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well as the three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the preset extreme value conditions, including: Determining the well axis imaging profile coordinate system, performing traversal calculation of the weighted waveform similarity coefficient in the space beside the well based on a number of first three-dimensional space coordinates in the well axis imaging profile coordinate system, and then determining the first three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the first preset extreme value conditions as the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well; Or, determining the plane coordinate system perpendicular to the well axis, performing traversal calculation of the weighted waveform similarity coefficient in the space beside the well based on a number of second three-dimensional space coordinates in the plane coordinate system, and then determining the second three-dimensional space coordinates that meet the second preset extreme value conditions as the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well.

8. An imaging device for abnormal geological bodies beside a well, characterized in that, Including: A waveform signal determination module, configured to determine the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal in the plane perpendicular to the well axis by using the sound pressure waveform signals directly recorded by each acoustic receiving station of a preset acoustic far-detection cylindrical receiving array; A scanning azimuth angle determination module, configured to select any spatial grid point from a number of spatial grids divided from the three-dimensional formation beside the well, and determine the scanning azimuth angle based on the spatial grid point; A projection signal determination module, configured to determine the projection vibration velocity waveform signal at the scanning azimuth angle based on the orthogonal vibration velocity component waveform signal; A weighted coefficient determination module, configured to determine the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform signal, determine the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient based on the sound pressure and the projection vibration velocity waveform signal, and then determine the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on the sound pressure waveform similarity coefficient and the sound pressure and vibration velocity waveform correlation coefficient; A target imaging module, configured to perform three-dimensional space scanning calculation on the weighted waveform similarity coefficient based on a preset coordinate calculation method to determine the three-dimensional space coordinates of the abnormal geological body beside the well, and generate an azimuth and spatial distribution image of the abnormal geological body beside the well based on the three-dimensional space coordinates.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, Including: A memory, configured to store a computer program; A processor, configured to execute the computer program to implement the imaging method of the abnormal geological body beside the well according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, For storing a computer program, the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the imaging method of the abnormal geological body beside the well according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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