A three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant: 1-10 parts, hydrocarbon surfactant: 10-20 parts, heat-treated aerogel foam stabilizer: 0.5-3 parts; organic solvent: 8-13 parts, antifreeze agent: 1-10 parts, anti-burning agent: 1-10 parts. The present invention uses heat-treated silica aerogel as a foam stabilizer, which has a very high surface adsorption energy. The high adsorption energy causes the aerogel to irreversibly adhere to the air / water interface and form a solid surface adsorption layer to slow down the coarsening and aggregation of bubbles. When the aerogel aggregates at the Prandtl boundary, the blocking effect of the restricted aerogel molecules causes the foam to precipitate more slowly, thereby significantly improving the foam stability. Its foam stabilizing performance is also better than that of a traditional water-soluble polymer foam stabilizer (such as xanthan gum).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of foam extinguishing agents for Class B fires, and particularly relates to a three-phase aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the foam extinguishing agents are mainly gas-liquid two-phase extinguishing agents, which are mainly formed by mixing a foam concentrate and air in a certain proportion and foaming through a foam generating device. The aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent has a fast spreading speed and can form a "water film" on the fuel surface. With the dual effects of cooling and suffocation, it has the characteristics of high fire extinguishing efficiency and good foam stability, and is currently the most effective extinguishing agent for extinguishing open-air liquid fires. However, the traditional aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent has certain environmental pollution. During the actual fire extinguishing process, the core component in the extinguishing agent, the long-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, will be thermally decomposed, releasing substances such as perfluorooctane sulfonyl compounds (PFOS) that are difficult to decompose, causing serious harm to the human body and the environment. With the increasingly perfect environmental protection policies and regulations of various countries, the traditional aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent has gradually been phased out by the market.

[0003] Currently, the new environmentally friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent mainly uses short-chain fluorocarbons (carbon chain length <C6) to replace the long-chain fluorocarbon surfactant. A large number of studies have shown that short-chain fluorocarbons can greatly reduce environmental pollution while maintaining the excellent performance of long-chain fluorocarbon surfactants, and will not decompose pollutants such as perfluorooctane sulfonyl compounds (PFOS) during the fire extinguishing process, and can be used as a substitute for long-chain fluorocarbon surfactants. Therefore, most of the current environmentally friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agents use the compounding of its core components, short-chain fluorocarbons and hydrocarbon surfactants, which not only meets the requirements of international environmental protection regulations, but also has performance basically close to that of traditional aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agents.

[0004] Chinese Patent CN116173456A proposes an organosilicon surfactant composite system for foaming and foam stabilization of a foam fire extinguisher. Based on the organosilicon surfactant composite system, this patent deduces the optimal combination of foam concentration under the composite formula, and innovatively uses an organosilicon surfactant as the surfactant of the foam, reducing environmental pollution. However, the organosilicon surfactant is prone to hydrolysis, and its performance is far from reaching the effect of using a fluorocarbon surfactant. At the same time, using xanthan gum as a foam stabilizer is also not conducive to improving other physical and chemical properties of the foam liquid. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-phase aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. The three-phase aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent in the present invention can, on the basis of ensuring excellent foaming performance, low viscosity, good surface activity, etc. of the foam liquid, also has better foam stabilization performance than the foam extinguishing agent using a traditional water-soluble polymer as a foam stabilizer.

[0006] The present invention provides a three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0007] Short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant: 1-10 parts, hydrocarbon surfactant: 10-20 parts, aerogel foam stabilizer: 0.5-3 parts; organic solvent: 8-13 parts, antifreeze agent: 1-10 parts, anti-burning agent: 1-10 parts;

[0008] The aerogel foam stabilizer is heat-treated silicon dioxide aerogel.

[0009] Preferably, the heat treatment temperature of the silica aerogel is 500-700° C., and the heat preservation time of the heat treatment is 1-2 hours.

[0010] Preferably, the short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant is one or more of FS-50, Cap1157, Cap1440, Cap1203G, Cap1470, Cap1460, SMF730, and FS3100.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrocarbon surfactant is one or more of lauryl sulfosuccinate monosodium, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (3) sulfosuccinate monosodium, acid monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate monosodium, monododecyl phosphate potassium, alcohol ether phosphate, lauryl alcohol ether phosphate potassium, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate, coconut acid monoethanolamide, coconut acid diethanolamide, sodium dodecyl sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysulfobetaine, lauramidopropyl hydroxysulfobetaine, lauramidopropyl amine oxide, and lauryl amphoteric sodium acetate.

[0012] Preferably, the organic solvent includes one or more of benzene, toluene, xylene, pentane, hexane, octane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, toluene cyclohexanone, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ether, propylene oxide, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, acetone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetonitrile, pyridine, phenol, styrene, perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, ethylene glycol ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol tert-butyl ether, isopropanol and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether;

[0013] The antifreeze agent is one or more of sucrose, maltose, lactose, sorbitol, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, urea, ammonium polyphosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate;

[0014] The anti-burning agent is one or more of urea, ammonium polyphosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0015] Preferably, the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent also includes water,

[0016] In parts by weight, the total amount of the short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, the hydrocarbon surfactant, the aerogel foam stabilizer, the organic solvent, the antifreeze agent, the anti-burning agent and water is 100 parts.

[0017] The present invention provides a method for preparing the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Stir and dissolve a short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, a hydrocarbon surfactant, an organic solvent and water to obtain a mixed solution A;

[0019] The aerogel foam stabilizer, the antifreeze agent, the antiburn agent and the water are stirred and dissolved to obtain a mixed solution B;

[0020] The mixed solution A and the mixed solution B are mixed, and water is added to obtain a three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0021] The present invention provides the use of the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent as described above in Class B fires.

[0022] Preferably, the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent is diluted with fresh water and then used for extinguishing Class B fires through a compressed air foam generating device.

[0023] Preferably, the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent and fresh water are diluted in a volume ratio of (1-10):(99-90).

[0024] The present invention provides a three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, comprising the following components in parts by weight: short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant: 1-10 parts, hydrocarbon surfactant: 10-20 parts, aerogel foam stabilizer: 0.5-3 parts; organic solvent: 8-13 parts, antifreeze agent: 1-10 parts, anti-burning agent: 1-10 parts; the aerogel foam stabilizer is a heat-treated silica aerogel. The present invention uses heat-treated silica aerogel as a foam stabilizer, and the heat-treated silica aerogel is a solid nanoporous structure with high surface adsorption energy. The high adsorption energy causes the aerogel to irreversibly adhere to the air / water interface and form a solid surface adsorption layer to slow down the coarsening and aggregation of bubbles. When the aerogel gathers at the Prandtl boundary, the blocking effect of the restricted aerogel molecules causes the foam to precipitate more slowly, thereby significantly improving the foam stability. At the same time, silica aerogel can ensure the excellent foaming performance of the foam liquid, low viscosity, good surface activity and other advantages, and its foam stabilizing performance is also better than that of using traditional water-soluble polymers (such as xanthan gum) as foam stabilizers.

[0025] The heat-treated silica aerogel is a three-dimensional nanomaterial with a high porosity structure, excellent thermal insulation and hydrophobic properties, and extremely low thermal conductivity. When it is added to an aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, a solid-liquid-gas three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent is formed. Not only does the foam spread quickly and can quickly extinguish fires, but the excellent foam stability can effectively suppress the spread of fire and further improve the fire control effect. It also has excellent fire extinguishing and anti-burning properties when used in foam fire extinguishing agents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of preparing foam concentrate and silica aerogel in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the foam liquid prepared in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a physical picture of the silica aerogel prepared in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a real picture of the change in height of 30 ml foam precipitate over time prepared in Example 6 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention provides a three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0032] Short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant: 1-10 parts, hydrocarbon surfactant: 10-20 parts, aerogel foam stabilizer: 0.5-3 parts; organic solvent: 8-13 parts, antifreeze agent: 1-10 parts, anti-burning agent: 1-10 parts;

[0033] The aerogel foam stabilizer is heat-treated silicon dioxide aerogel.

[0034] In the present invention, the short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant is one or more of FS-50, Cap1157, Cap1440, Cap1203G, Cap1470, Cap1460, SMF730, and FS3100, more preferably one of Cap1157, Cap1440, Cap1203G, Cap1470, and Cap1460, and most preferably Cap1157 or Cap1470; the weight proportion of the short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant is preferably 1 to 10 parts, more preferably 2 to 8 parts, such as 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, and 10 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit.

[0035] In the present invention, the hydrocarbon surfactant is preferably disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate DLS, disodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (3) sulfosuccinate MES, disodium acid monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate DMSS, potassium monododecyl phosphate MAPK, alcohol ether phosphate (AEO3, AEO9 phosphate), potassium lauryl ether phosphate (MAEPK), fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (EO=3) ammonium sulfate (AESA), coconut acid monoethanolamide (CMEA), coconut acid diethanolamide (6501), sodium lauryl sulfate SDS, cocamidopropyl betaine CAB-35, cocamidopropyl One or more of betaine KLH-30, lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB-35), cocamidopropyl hydroxysulfobetaine CHSB-35, lauramidopropyl hydroxysulfobetaine (LHSB-35), lauramidopropyl amine oxide (LAO-30), and sodium lauryl amphoacetate (LAD-30); the weight proportion of the hydrocarbon surfactant is preferably 10 to 20 parts, more preferably 12 to 18 parts, such as 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts, and 20 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit.

[0036] At present, the foam stabilizers used in environmentally friendly water-based foam fire extinguishing agents are mostly water-soluble polymers (mainly sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) and xanthan gum (XG)), which are widely used in foam displacement, oil field recovery and other fields. Water-soluble polymers mainly improve the stability of foam by increasing the viscosity of the foam liquid. Although the foam stability is improved, the foaming performance of the foam liquid is greatly weakened at the same time, and the increase in viscosity is not conducive to the rapid diffusion of the foam liquid on the oil surface. In addition, the foam formed by the water-soluble polymer as a foam stabilizer will agglomerate inside, and a uniform and stable foam solution cannot be formed for a long time.

[0037] In the present invention, the aerogel foam stabilizer is preferably a heat-treated silica aerogel. The silica aerogel added in the present invention is a solid phase material with a pore structure and heat-insulating hydrophobic properties. Since the silica aerogel is a super-hydrophobic material, if it is directly added to the aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent prepared by the present invention, it will float on the surface of the solution and cannot be dissolved. The present invention heat-treats it to reduce the methyl content in the silica aerogel structure, change its hydrophobic properties, weaken its hydrophobic properties, and can be evenly dissolved in the foam liquid. After the foam liquid is foamed, the silica aerogel will be adsorbed on the surface of the foam layer and exist in the Prandtl boundary formed between the foams, thereby slowing down the foam liquid precipitation rate and improving the foam stability. This aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent formed by solid-liquid-gas three phases is not available in other fire extinguishing agent systems.

[0038] In the present invention, the weight proportion of the aerogel foam stabilizer is preferably 0.5 to 3 parts, more preferably 1 to 2 parts, such as 0.5 parts, 1 parts, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit.

[0039] In the present invention, the silica aerogel is preferably subjected to the following heat treatment steps:

[0040] The silica aerogel powder is evenly spread in the crucible to allow it to be fully heat treated. It is then placed in the SXW ceramic fiber furnace for high temperature heating.

[0041] In the present invention, the temperature of the heat treatment is preferably 500-700°C, more preferably 550-650°C, such as 500°C, 550°C, 600°C, 650°C, 700°C, preferably a range value with the above any numerical value as the upper or lower limit; the time of the heat treatment is preferably 60-120min, more preferably 90-100min, such as 60min, 70min, 80min, 90min, 100min, 110min, 120min, preferably a range value with the above any numerical value as the upper or lower limit; the time for heating to the heat treatment temperature is preferably 50-80min, more preferably 60-70min.

[0042] In the present invention, as the heat treatment temperature increases, the methyl content of the silica aerogel decreases, gradually changing from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. By controlling the heat treatment process parameters within the above range, an aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent with stable foam performance and optimal thermal insulation and hydrophobic properties can be obtained.

[0043] In the present invention, the organic solvent is preferably one or more of benzene, toluene, xylene, pentane, hexane, octane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, toluene cyclohexanone, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ether, propylene oxide, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, acetone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetonitrile, pyridine, phenol, styrene, perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, ethylene glycol ether ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol tert-butyl ether, isopropanol and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether; the weight proportion of the organic solvent is preferably 8 to 13 parts, more preferably 9 to 12 parts, such as 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit.

[0044] The antifreeze agent is one or more of sucrose, maltose, lactose, sorbitol, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, urea, ammonium polyphosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate; the weight proportion of the antifreeze agent is preferably 1 to 10 parts, more preferably 2 to 8 parts, such as 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit.

[0045] The anti-burning agent is one or more of urea, ammonium polyphosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate; the weight proportion of the anti-burning agent is preferably 1 to 10 parts, more preferably 2 to 8 parts, such as 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, preferably a range value with any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit.

[0046] In the present invention, the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent also includes water, preferably deionized water, and the amount of water used is based on the total amount of short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, hydrocarbon surfactant, aerogel foam stabilizer, organic solvent, antifreeze agent, anti-burning agent and water being 100 parts by weight.

[0047] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Stir and dissolve a short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, a hydrocarbon surfactant, an organic solvent and water to obtain a mixed solution A;

[0049] The aerogel foam stabilizer, the antifreeze agent, the antiburn agent and the water are stirred and dissolved to obtain a mixed solution B;

[0050] The mixed solution A and the mixed solution B are mixed, and water is added to obtain a three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0051] In the present invention, the types and amounts of the short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, hydrocarbon surfactant, organic solvent, aerogel foam stabilizer, antifreeze agent, anti-burning agent and water are consistent with the types and amounts of the short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, hydrocarbon surfactant, organic solvent, aerogel foam stabilizer, antifreeze agent, anti-burning agent and water described above, and the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0052] The present invention mixes a short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, a hydrocarbon surfactant, an organic solvent and deionized water for dissolution, and continuously stirs. Then, the mixed solution is fully stirred for 30 to 60 minutes under magnetic stirring conditions, and after the substances in the beaker are completely dissolved, the mixture is allowed to stand for 5 to 10 minutes to obtain a mixed solution A.

[0053] The silica aerogel foam stabilizer, antifreeze agent, antiburn agent and deionized water are mixed and stirred for 60 to 90 minutes and then allowed to stand for 5 to 10 minutes to form a mixed solution B.

[0054] After the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B are mixed, deionized water is added to make the total weight portion be 100 parts, and the mixture is stirred for 60 to 120 minutes and then allowed to stand for 30 to 60 minutes to obtain the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0055] In the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, the mass content of the short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant in the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent is 1% to 10%; the mass content of the hydrocarbon surfactant in the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent is 10% to 20%; the mass content of the silica aerogel foam stabilizer in the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent is 0.5% to 3%; the mass content of the organic solvent in the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent is 8% to 13%, the mass content of the antifreeze agent in the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent is 1% to 10%, and the mass content of the anti-burning agent in the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent is 1% to 10%.

[0056] The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent in extinguishing Class B fires.

[0057] In the present invention, the Class B fire refers to liquid fire and meltable solid material fire, such as gasoline, kerosene, crude oil, methanol, ethanol, asphalt, paraffin fire.

[0058] The present invention preferably uses fresh water to dilute the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent and then uses it for extinguishing Class B fires through a compressed air foam generating device.

[0059] In the present invention, the volume ratio of the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent to fresh water is preferably (1-10): (99-90), more preferably (3-6): (97-94), such as 1:99, 2:98, 3:97, 4:96, 5:95, 6:94, 7:93, 8:92, 9:91, 10:90, preferably a range value with any of the above values ​​as the upper or lower limit. Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent and fresh water are mixed and diluted in a volume ratio of 3:97 or 6:94, and the diluted solution is a 3% or 6% aqueous film-forming foam liquid.

[0060] Experimental results show that the foam fire extinguishing agent prepared by the present invention has a surface tension of 15.852-16.403 mN / m, a dynamic viscosity of 0.80-0.90 mPa.s, a foaming property of 210-220 mm, a 25% liquid separation time of 3.18-4.35 min, a fire extinguishing time of 55-80 s, and a burning resistance time of 12.93-13.78 min when using silica aerogel as a foam stabilizer under 500°C heat treatment.

[0061] Traditional water-soluble polymers are used as foam stabilizers. When using xanthan gum XG, the surface tension is 16.000-17.479 mN / m, the dynamic viscosity is 4.20-5.30 mPa.s, the foaming property is 150-180 mm, the 25% liquid separation time is 3.06-4.02 min, the fire extinguishing time is 58-87 s, and the anti-burning time is 12.60-13.35 min.

[0062] When using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose NACMC, the surface tension is 16.000-16.527 mN / m, the dynamic viscosity is 2.00-2.50 mPa.s, the foaming property is 190-210 mm, the 25% liquid separation time is 3.10-4.15 min, the fire extinguishing time is 60-82 s, and the anti-burning time is 12.90-13.30 min.

[0063] The foam liquid formula provided by the present invention not only meets the national standard requirements for various properties, but is also superior to traditional AFFF. The three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent based on short-chain fluorocarbon, hydrocarbon, and silica aerogel can further improve the foam stability and prepare a three-phase AFFF foam fire extinguishing agent with excellent performance.

[0064] In order to further illustrate the present invention, a three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, a preparation method and an application thereof provided by the present invention are described in detail below in combination with embodiments, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] Preparation of 3% volume fraction three-phase aqueous film-forming foam

[0067] Here, the preparation of 100 g of AFFF concentrate is taken as an example. Subsequently, the foam concentrate and fresh water are mixed in a volume ratio of 3:97 and then a compressed air foam device is used to generate foam for actual fire extinguishing.

[0068] Weigh 8g of Cap1157, 20g of LAD-30, and 10g of ethylene glycol on a balance and put them into a beaker one by one. Add 10g of 25°C deionized water and stir thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. After the substances in the beaker are completely dissolved, let it stand for 5 minutes to obtain solution A.

[0069] Then, 2 g of silica aerogel and 3 g of urea after heat treatment at 400°C for 1.5 h were weighed on a balance and placed in a beaker. 30 g of 25°C deionized water was added and stirred on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. After the substances in the beaker were completely dissolved, the mixture was allowed to stand for 5 minutes to obtain solution B.

[0070] Solution A and solution B are mixed, and 25°C deionized water is added to a total mass of 100g of the solution. The mixed solution of A and B is placed on a magnetic stirrer and stirred for 30 minutes and then allowed to stand for 30 minutes to form a foam concentrate. Here, the volume of 100g of the foam concentrate is approximately 100ml. The 100g three-phase aqueous film-forming foam concentrate is mixed and diluted with 3233ml of fresh water source in a volume ratio of 3:97, and the diluted solution is the 3% aqueous film-forming foam solution.

[0071] The foam fire extinguishing agent prepared in Example 1 has a surface tension of 15.936 mN / m, a dynamic viscosity of 0.84 mPa.s, a foaming property of 216 mm, a 25% liquid separation time of 3.80 min, a fire extinguishing time of 68 s, and a burning resistance time of 13.00 min; all performances meet the requirements of national standards.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] Preparation of 3% volume fraction three-phase aqueous film-forming foam

[0074] Here, the preparation of 100 g of AFFF concentrate is taken as an example. Subsequently, the foam concentrate and fresh water are mixed in a volume ratio of 3:97 and then a compressed air foam device is used to generate foam for actual fire extinguishing.

[0075] Weigh 8g of Cap1440, 20g of LHSB-35, and 10g of ethylene glycol on a balance and put them into a beaker one by one. Add 10g of 25℃ deionized water and stir thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. After the substances in the beaker are completely dissolved, let it stand for 5 minutes to obtain solution A.

[0076] Then, 2 g of silica aerogel and 3 g of urea after heat treatment at 500°C for 1.5 h were weighed on a balance and placed in a beaker. 30 g of 25°C deionized water was added and the mixture was stirred on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. After the substances in the beaker were completely dissolved, the mixture was allowed to stand for 5 minutes to obtain solution B.

[0077] Solution A and solution B are mixed, and 25°C deionized water is added to a total mass of 100g of the solution. The mixed solution of A and B is placed on a magnetic stirrer and stirred for 30 minutes and then allowed to stand for 30 minutes to obtain a foam concentrate. Here, the volume of 100g of the foam concentrate is approximately 100ml. The 100g three-phase aqueous film-forming foam concentrate is mixed and diluted with 3233ml of a fresh water source in a volume ratio of 3:97, and the diluted solution is the 3% aqueous film-forming foam solution.

[0078] The foam fire extinguishing agent prepared in Example 2 has a surface tension of 15.732 mN / m, a dynamic viscosity of 0.83 mPa.s, a foaming property of 210 mm, a 25% liquid separation time of 3.90 min, a fire extinguishing time of 59 s, and a burning resistance time of 13.30 min; all performances meet the requirements of national standards.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] Preparation of 3% aqueous film-forming foam

[0081] Here, the preparation of 100 g of AFFF concentrate is taken as an example. Subsequently, the foam concentrate and fresh water are mixed in a volume ratio of 3:97 and then a compressed air foam device is used to generate foam for actual fire extinguishing.

[0082] Weigh 6 g of Cap1470, 15 g of CHSB-35, and 10 g of ethylene glycol on a balance and put them into a beaker one by one. Add 10 g of 25°C deionized water and stir thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. After the substances in the beaker are completely dissolved, let it stand for 5 minutes to obtain solution A.

[0083] Then, 3 g of silica aerogel and 3 g of urea after heat treatment at 600°C for 1.5 h were weighed on a balance and placed in a beaker. 30 g of 25°C deionized water was added and stirred on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. After the substances in the beaker were completely dissolved, the mixture was allowed to stand for 5 minutes to obtain solution B.

[0084] Solution A and solution B are mixed, and 25°C deionized water is added to a total mass of 100g of the solution. The mixed solution of A and B is placed on a magnetic stirrer and stirred for 30 minutes and then allowed to stand for 30 minutes to obtain a foam concentrate. Here, the volume of 100g of the foam concentrate is approximately 100ml. The 100g three-phase aqueous film-forming foam concentrate is mixed and diluted with 3233ml of a fresh water source in a volume ratio of 3:97, and the diluted solution is the 3% aqueous film-forming foam solution.

[0085] The foam fire extinguishing agent prepared in Example 3 has a surface tension of 16.173 mN / m, a dynamic viscosity of 0.81 mPa.s, a foaming property of 213 mm, a 25% liquid separation time of 3.85 min, a fire extinguishing time of 58 s, and a burning resistance time of 13.25 min; all performances meet the requirements of national standards.

[0086] Example 4

[0087] Preparation of 3% volume fraction three-phase aqueous film-forming foam

[0088] Here, the preparation of 100 g of AFFF concentrate is taken as an example. Subsequently, the foam concentrate and fresh water are mixed in a volume ratio of 3:97 and then a compressed air foam device is used to generate foam for actual fire extinguishing.

[0089] Weigh 10g of Cap1460, 18g of LAO-30, and 10g of ethylene glycol on a balance and put them into a beaker one by one. Add 10g of 25℃ deionized water and stir thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. After the substances in the beaker are completely dissolved, let it stand for 5 minutes to obtain solution A.

[0090] Then, 1 g of silica aerogel and 3 g of urea after heat treatment at 700°C for 1.5 h were weighed on a balance and placed in a beaker. 30 g of 25°C deionized water was added and stirred on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. After the substances in the beaker were completely dissolved, the mixture was allowed to stand for 5 minutes to obtain solution B.

[0091] Solution A and solution B are mixed, and 25°C deionized water is added to a total mass of 100g of the solution. The mixed solution of A and B is placed on a magnetic stirrer and stirred for 30 minutes and then allowed to stand for 30 minutes to obtain a foam concentrate. Here, the volume of 100g of the foam concentrate is approximately 100ml. The 100g three-phase aqueous film-forming foam concentrate is mixed and diluted with 3233ml of a fresh water source in a volume ratio of 3:97, and the diluted solution is the 3% aqueous film-forming foam solution.

[0092] The foam fire extinguishing agent prepared in Example 4 has a surface tension of 16.187 mN / m, a dynamic viscosity of 0.78 mPa.s, a foaming property of 207 mm, a 25% liquid separation time of 3.92 min, a fire extinguishing time of 63 s, and a burning resistance time of 13.20 min; all performances meet the requirements of national standards.

[0093] Example 5

[0094] Preparation of 3% aqueous film-forming foam

[0095] Here, the preparation of 100 g of AFFF concentrate is taken as an example. Subsequently, the foam concentrate and fresh water are mixed in a volume ratio of 3:97 and then a compressed air foam device is used to generate foam for actual fire extinguishing.

[0096] Weigh 8g of Cap1203G, 20g of LAD-30, and 8g of ethylene glycol on a balance and put them into a beaker one by one. Add 10g of 25°C deionized water and stir thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. After the substances in the beaker are completely dissolved, let it stand for 5 minutes to obtain solution A.

[0097] Then, 1 g of silica aerogel and 3 g of urea after heat treatment at 600°C for 1.5 h were weighed on a balance and placed in a beaker. 30 g of 25°C deionized water was added and stirred on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. After the substances in the beaker were completely dissolved, the mixture was allowed to stand for 5 minutes to obtain solution B.

[0098] Solution A and solution B are mixed, and 25°C deionized water is added to a total mass of 100g of the solution. The mixed solution of A and B is placed on a magnetic stirrer and stirred for 30 minutes and then allowed to stand for 30 minutes to obtain a foam concentrate. Here, the volume of 100g of the foam concentrate is approximately 100ml. The 100g three-phase aqueous film-forming foam concentrate is mixed and diluted with 3233ml of a fresh water source in a volume ratio of 3:97, and the diluted solution is the 3% aqueous film-forming foam solution.

[0099] The foam fire extinguishing agent prepared in Example 5 has a surface tension of 16.117 mN / m, a dynamic viscosity of 0.80 mPa.s, a foaming property of 204 mm, a 25% liquid separation time of 3.80 min, a fire extinguishing time of 60 s, and a burning resistance time of 13.10 min; all performances meet the requirements of national standards.

[0100] Example 6

[0101] Preparation of 3% aqueous film-forming foam

[0102] Here, the preparation of 100 g of AFFF concentrate is taken as an example. Subsequently, the foam concentrate and fresh water are mixed in a volume ratio of 3:97 and then a compressed air foam device is used to generate foam for actual fire extinguishing.

[0103] Weigh 8g of Cap1157, 20g of LAD-30, and 10g of ethylene glycol on a balance and put them into a beaker one by one. Add 10g of 25°C deionized water and stir thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. After the substances in the beaker are completely dissolved, let it stand for 5 minutes to obtain solution A.

[0104] Then, 1 g of silica aerogel and 3 g of urea after heat treatment at 500°C for 1.5 h were weighed on a balance and placed in a beaker. 30 g of 25°C deionized water was added and stirred on a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes. After the substances in the beaker were completely dissolved, the mixture was allowed to stand for 5 minutes to obtain solution B.

[0105] Solution A and solution B are mixed, and 25°C deionized water is added to a total mass of 100g of the solution. The mixed solution of A and B is placed on a magnetic stirrer and stirred for 30 minutes and then allowed to stand for 30 minutes to obtain a foam concentrate. Here, the volume of 100g of the foam concentrate is approximately 100ml. The 100g three-phase aqueous film-forming foam concentrate is mixed and diluted with 3233ml of a fresh water source in a volume ratio of 3:97, and the diluted solution is the 3% aqueous film-forming foam solution.

[0106] The foam fire extinguishing agent prepared in Example 6 has a surface tension of 15.998 mN / m, a dynamic viscosity of 0.82 mPa.s, a foaming property of 219 mm, a 25% liquid separation time of 3.98 min, a fire extinguishing time of 56 s, and a burning resistance time of 13.75 min; all performances meet the requirements of national standards.

[0107] Comparative Example 1

[0108] A 3% aqueous film-forming foam was prepared according to the method in Example 6, except that an equal mass of xanthan gum was used in place of the silica aerogel heat-treated at 500° C. in Example 1.

[0109] Comparative Example 2

[0110] A 3% aqueous film-forming foam was prepared according to the method in Example 6, except that an equal mass of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose was used in place of the silicon dioxide aerogel heat-treated at 500° C. in Example 1.

[0111] Comparative Example 3

[0112] Comparative Example 3 uses commercial AFFF Jiangsu Suolong Fire Technology Co., Ltd., specific model 3% (AFFF, -6°C) seawater resistant. Product batch number SM3H62209.

[0113] See Table 1 and Table 2. Table 1 shows the details of the three-phase AFFF foam liquid formula prepared in the embodiment of the present invention; Table 2 shows the performance test results of the three-phase AFFF foam liquid formula prepared in the embodiment of the present invention, the formula using a water-soluble polymer as a foam stabilizer, and the commercial AFFF formula.

[0114] Table 1 Foam concentrate formula

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] Table 2 Foam liquid formula test results

[0118]

[0119] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent comprising the following components in parts by weight: Short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant: 1-10 parts, hydrocarbon surfactant: 10-20 parts, aerogel foam stabilizer: 0.5-3 parts; organic solvent: 8-13 parts, antifreeze agent: 1-10 parts, anti-burning agent: 1-10 parts; The aerogel foam stabilizer is a heat-treated silica aerogel; The three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent also includes water, and the amount of the water used is based on the total amount of the short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, hydrocarbon surfactant, aerogel foam stabilizer, organic solvent, antifreeze agent, anti-burning agent and water being 100 parts by weight.

2. The three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat treatment temperature of the silica aerogel is 500-700° C., and the heat preservation time of the heat treatment is 60-120 min.

3. The three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant is one or more of FS-50, Cap1157, Cap1440, Cap1203G, Cap1470, Cap1460, SMF730, and FS3100.

4. The three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrocarbon surfactant is one or more of lauryl sulfosuccinate monosodium, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (3) sulfosuccinate monosodium, coconut oil monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate monosodium, monododecyl phosphate potassium, alcohol ether phosphate, lauryl alcohol ether phosphate potassium, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate, coconut oil monoethanolamide, coconut oil diethanolamide, sodium lauryl sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysulfobetaine, lauramidopropyl hydroxysulfobetaine, lauramidopropyl amine oxide, and sodium lauryl amphoteric acetate.

5. The three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic solvent includes one or more of benzene, toluene, xylene, pentane, hexane, octane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, toluene cyclohexanone, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ether, propylene oxide, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, acetone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetonitrile, pyridine, phenol, styrene, perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, ethylene glycol butyl ether, isopropanol and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether; The antifreeze agent is one or more of sucrose, maltose, lactose, sorbitol, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, urea, ammonium polyphosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate; The anti-burning agent is one or more of urea, ammonium polyphosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate.

6. The method for preparing the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: Stir and dissolve a short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, a hydrocarbon surfactant, an organic solvent and water to obtain a mixed solution A; The aerogel foam stabilizer, the antifreeze agent, the antiburn agent and water are stirred and dissolved to obtain a mixed solution B; The mixed solution A and the mixed solution B are mixed, and water is added to obtain a three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent.

7. Use of the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 in class B fires.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent is diluted with fresh water, it is used for extinguishing Class B fires through a compressed air foam generating device.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The three-phase aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent and fresh water are diluted in a volume ratio of (1-10): (99-90).

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