A two-stage suspension active heat dissipation wheel hub motor drive assembly

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of automobiles and discloses a two-stage suspension active heat dissipation wheel hub motor drive assembly, comprising: a planetary gearbox, a wheel component and an active heat dissipation fan, a first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension, a wheel hub motor, a brake assembly and a second-stage suspension; the first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension is arranged between the wheel component and the wheel hub motor, its outer side is connected to the wheel component, and its inner side is connected to the output side of the wheel hub motor; the wheel hub motor is arranged on the inner side of the first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension, and the wheel hub motor stator is connected to one end of the second-stage suspension through a steering knuckle; the present invention reduces the impact of road impact on the wheel hub motor by arranging a two-stage suspension, integrates the drive, steering and transmission systems between the two-stage suspension, reduces the unsprung mass of the vehicle, solves the problems of complex structure and poor integration of the wheel hub motor drive system, and improves the heat dissipation performance by arranging a heat dissipation fan for active heat dissipation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automobiles, and in particular to a two-stage suspension active heat dissipation type wheel hub motor drive assembly. Background Art

[0002] Electric vehicles are typically powered by electric motors, which use electrical energy to generate mechanical power to propel the vehicle forward.

[0003] The hub motor is a motor that directly combines the wheel hub and drive device into one, that is, the motor, transmission and braking devices are all integrated into the wheel hub. The system has high integration and greatly simplifies the mechanical parts of the vehicle's transmission and braking devices. According to the rotor type of the motor, the hub motor drive system is mainly divided into two structural types: the advantage of the inner rotor structure is high power density and a wide high-efficiency working area of ​​the motor; the advantage of the outer rotor structure is a simple and compact structure and high transmission efficiency.

[0004] However, existing patents, such as those with publication numbers CN115076245A and CN116852976A, each utilize a flexible coupling and a shock absorber, respectively. These couplings and shock absorbers are incapable of transmitting vertical, lateral, and longitudinal forces exerted by the tire, necessitating the use of additional mechanisms, such as traditional spoke structures or oversized bearings, to securely connect the wheel to the steering knuckle. These designs are complex and comprise numerous components, and, in addition to the in-wheel motor, components such as the reducer, brake, and bearings remain fixed to the wheel, resulting in a significant amount of unsprung mass. Furthermore, the highly centralized layout of the in-wheel drive system results in poor heat dissipation, limiting the increase in drive power and reducing system reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-stage suspension active heat dissipation wheel hub motor drive assembly to solve the following technical problems: how to solve the problems existing in the wheel hub motor drive system, such as complex structure and poor integration, frequent impact of the wheel hub motor on the road, large unsprung mass of the vehicle and poor heat dissipation performance.

[0006] The objectives of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A two-stage suspension active heat dissipation in-wheel motor drive assembly, comprising: a planetary gearbox, a brake assembly and a secondary suspension, and a steering knuckle, and also comprising a wheel component, a primary in-wheel annular flexible suspension, a hub motor and a brake disc connecting frame;

[0007] The wheel hub motor is fixed to one end of the secondary suspension through a steering knuckle;

[0008] The first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension is arranged on the inner side of the wheel component, and the wheel hub motor is arranged on the inner side of the first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension;

[0009] The output side of the wheel hub motor is connected to the brake assembly through a brake disc connecting frame, and the wheel hub motor is fixed to one end of the secondary suspension.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention: the first-stage wheel inner annular flexible suspension comprises a second flexible ring structure and a first flexible ring structure which are arranged crosswise and stacked with each other;

[0011] The second flexible ring structure and the first flexible ring structure both include multiple flexible modules. The flexible modules include lower leaf springs and upper leaf springs. The lower leaf springs and upper leaf springs are hingedly connected. The lower leaf springs are hingedly connected to the upper leaf springs of adjacent flexible modules.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: both ends of the upper leaf spring and the lower leaf spring are provided with limiting shaft holes, and the middle part of one end of the upper leaf spring and the lower leaf spring is provided with a limiting groove, a single end of the upper leaf spring is hinged to the inner surface of the wheel rim through the limiting shaft hole, and both ends of the upper leaf spring are hinged to the outer surface of the hub motor through the limiting shaft holes, the lower leaf spring is hinged to the outer surface of the hub motor through the limiting shaft hole at one end, and the lower leaf spring is hinged to the inner surface of the wheel rim through the limiting shaft holes at both ends.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the wheel component includes a limiting shaft, a cooling fan, a wheel rim and a car tire, the car tire is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the wheel rim, the limiting shafts are evenly arranged on the inner surface of the wheel rim, and the cooling fan is arranged at the center of the outer side surface of the wheel rim.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention: the material of the heat dissipation fan is PBT material.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention: the secondary suspension includes a steering arm, a spring shock absorber and a steering knuckle, one end of the spring shock absorber is fixedly connected to the upper side of the steering knuckle, and one end of the steering arm is movably connected to the bottom side of the steering knuckle.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hub motor is an inner rotor hub motor, the planetary gearbox is externally provided with a planetary gearbox housing, a planetary gear set is provided inside the planetary gearbox housing, the stator of the inner rotor hub motor is fixedly connected to the stator seat of the planetary gearbox via a steering knuckle, and the rotor of the inner rotor hub motor is connected to the input shaft of the planetary gearbox;

[0017] One side of the planetary gearbox housing is fixedly connected to the side of the brake disc connecting frame, and the other side of the planetary gearbox housing is rotatably connected to the inside of the primary wheel inner annular flexible suspension.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] (1) The first-level in-wheel annular flexible suspension in the present invention is composed of a steel leaf spring hinged by an axle pin, which replaces the spokes and connecting mechanism in the general hub motor drive system. It is connected to the rim in a flexible connection manner, which allows the hub motor and the wheel to move relative to each other, significantly reducing the impact of road bumps on the hub motor and the reducer, and plays a role in transmitting torque and all-directional ground force, thereby improving the vehicle's running smoothness and the service life of the hub motor, while improving the system integration and obtaining a larger in-wheel space.

[0020] (2) The rim of the present invention is provided with a cooling fan on the outside, which rotates with the tire and can actively dissipate heat, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the hub motor drive system and improving the working efficiency and stability of the system.

[0021] (3) The technical solution of the present invention connects the first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension and the second-stage suspension in series, which carries the forces acting from the ground in different directions in a graded manner, resulting in a better vibration reduction effect and making the vehicle run more smoothly. In addition, the technical solution arranges the hub motor drive module, reducer assembly, and brake assembly between the two-stage suspension, which greatly reduces the unsprung mass of the vehicle and significantly improves the vehicle's ride comfort and maneuverability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a hub motor drive assembly;

[0024] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the first embodiment of the in-wheel motor drive assembly;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the supporting component structure;

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension structure;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the disassembly of the first flexible ring structure;

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the secondary suspension structure;

[0029] Figure 7 This is an exploded cross-sectional structural diagram of the second embodiment of the hub motor drive assembly.

[0030] Description of the drawings: 1. Wheel component; 2. Primary in-wheel annular flexible suspension; 3. Hub motor; 31. Outer rotor; 32. Main bearing; 33. Inner stator; 4. Brake assembly; 5. Secondary suspension; 6. Brake disc connecting frame; 9. Planetary gearbox; 11. Limiting shaft; 12. Cooling fan; 13. Wheel rim; 14. Automobile tire; 21. Limiting groove; 22. Second flexible ring structure; 23. First flexible ring structure; 221. Flexible module; 2211. Lower leaf spring; 2212. Upper leaf spring; 24. Limiting shaft hole; 51. Steering cross arm; 52. Spring shock absorber; 53. Steering knuckle; 911. Planetary gearbox housing; 912. Planetary gear set; 913. Planetary gearbox stator seat; 914. Planetary gearbox input shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] See also Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention is a two-stage suspension active heat dissipation in-wheel hub motor drive assembly, comprising: a planetary gearbox 9, a brake assembly 4, a secondary suspension 5, and a steering knuckle 53, and also comprising a wheel component 1, a primary in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2, a hub motor 3, and a brake disc connecting frame 6;

[0034] The wheel hub motor 3 is fixed to one end of the secondary suspension 5 via the steering knuckle 53;

[0035] The first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 is arranged on the inner side of the wheel component 1, and the wheel hub motor 3 is arranged on the inner side of the first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2;

[0036] The output side of the hub motor 3 is connected to the brake assembly 4 via a brake disc connecting frame 6 , and the hub motor 3 is fixed to one end of the secondary suspension 5 .

[0037] The primary wheel inner annular flexible suspension 2 comprises a second flexible ring structure 22 and a first flexible ring structure 23 which are arranged crosswise and stacked with each other;

[0038] The second flexible ring structure 22 and the first flexible ring structure 23 both include multiple flexible modules 221, and the flexible module 221 includes a lower leaf spring 2211 and an upper leaf spring 2212. The lower leaf spring 2211 and the upper leaf spring 2212 are hingedly arranged, and the lower leaf spring 2211 is hingedly connected to the upper leaf spring 2212 of the adjacent flexible module 221.

[0039] Both ends of the upper leaf spring 2212 and the lower leaf spring 2211 are provided with a limiting shaft hole 24, and the middle part of one end of the upper leaf spring 2212 and the lower leaf spring 2211 is provided with a limiting groove 21. The single end of the upper leaf spring 2212 is hinged to the inner surface of the wheel rim 13 through the limiting shaft hole 24, and the double ends of the upper leaf spring 2212 are hinged to the outer surface of the hub motor 3 through the limiting shaft hole 24 at the single end of the lower leaf spring 2211, and the lower leaf spring 2211 is hinged to the inner surface of the wheel rim 13 through the limiting shaft holes 24 at the double ends.

[0040] The wheel component 1 includes a limiting shaft 11, a cooling fan 12, a wheel rim 13 and a car tire 14. The car tire 14 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the wheel rim 13. The limiting shafts 11 are evenly arranged on the inner surface of the wheel rim 13. The cooling fan 12 is arranged at the center of the outer side surface of the wheel rim 13.

[0041] The cooling fan 12 can be made of a lightweight material, such as PBT, and the in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 is installed on the inner wall of the wheel rim 13. Therefore, the spoke position of the traditional wheel is vacant and can be used to install the cooling fan 12. The cooling fan 12 is made of PBT, a lightweight material. When the car tire 14 rotates, it can drive the cooling fan 12 to rotate and play a role in forced heat dissipation, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency, work efficiency and stability of the hub motor drive system.

[0042] The secondary suspension 5 includes a steering arm 51 , a spring damper 52 and a steering knuckle 53 . One end of the spring damper 52 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the steering knuckle 53 , and one end of the steering arm 51 is movably connected to the bottom side of the steering knuckle 53 .

[0043] Through the above technical solution, it is possible to cooperate with the first-level in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 to achieve the function of multi-stage suspension joint vibration reduction, thereby improving the stability of vehicle operation. Moreover, the external suspension form of the second-level suspension 5 in the present invention can be a variety of suspensions, such as McPherson suspension, double wishbone suspension, and multi-link suspension.

[0044] The angles between adjacent axle pins on the outer surface of the outer rotor 31 and the inner surface of the wheel rim 13 are both forty-five degrees, and the angle between the axle pins on the outer surface of the outer rotor 31 and the inner surface of the wheel rim 13 is zero degrees. In this embodiment, the upper leaf spring 2212 and the lower leaf spring 2211 can be provided with a total of 16 pieces, 8 pieces of each type, and arranged symmetrically within the circumference, so that the angle between the axle pins is 45 degrees. The flexible modules 221 inside the lower leaf spring 2211 and the upper leaf spring 2212 are each divided into four groups and hinged to each other end to end. It can also be provided with a total of 12 pieces, 6 pieces of each type, or other arrangement quantities, but it must be ensured that the circumference is evenly distributed.

[0045] Through the above technical solution, the first-level in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 can be evenly aligned and hinged with the inner surface of the wheel rim 13, so that when the automobile tire 14 is subjected to force, the first-level in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 can provide uniform and flexible support to the inner surface of the wheel rim 13, thereby achieving a vibration reduction effect.

[0046] The first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension is annular and rotationally symmetrical and can perform multiple functions:

[0047] ① Torque transmission: that is, reliably transmitting the driving torque directly generated by the inner rotor hub motor or through the reducer to the vehicle tire, and having a certain torsional vibration reduction performance;

[0048] ②Transmitting the various directional forces on the car tire: that is, it can transmit the X, Y, and Z directional forces between the car tire and the ground to the steering knuckle, replacing the spoke structure in traditional car tires and reducing weight;

[0049] ③ Flexible structure: On the basis of the above-mentioned transmission of torque and transmission of all-directional ground loads, the vehicle tire is allowed to bounce relative to the inner rotor hub motor to achieve buffering and vibration reduction.

[0050] The working principle of the first embodiment of the present invention is as follows: when the car is running at high speed, it will synchronously drive the cooling fan 12 to rotate, generating inward wind pressure, which blows toward one end surface of the hub motor 3, and can actively dissipate heat for the hub motor 3 and the brake, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the hub motor 3. Among them, the height of the brake disc connecting frame 6 is greater than the height of the brake assembly 4, thereby preventing friction interference with the inner stator 33 during the rotation of the brake assembly 4. Since the hub motor 3 can be adapted to the regenerative braking energy recovery system, the hub motor 3 is reversely dragged to generate braking force during the vehicle's coasting or braking process. Therefore, the brake assembly 4 can adopt a single brake disc structure to meet the vehicle's braking requirements and ensure the vehicle's braking performance. At the same time, the unsprung mass of the vehicle is reduced, and when the automobile tire 14 rotates, the isotropic load from the ground is transmitted to the first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 through the wheel rim 13, so that the first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 is deformed, ensuring that the hub motor 3 can jump up and down relative to the wheel rim 13. When the hub motor 3 jumps upward, the lower leaf spring 2211 and the upper leaf spring 2212 on the upper side of the first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 will be subjected to compression force and swing upward along the limit axis 11, and the lower leaf spring 2211 and the upper leaf spring 2212 will be subjected to tension and swing downward along the limit axis 11; when the hub motor 3 jumps downward, the first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 The lower leaf spring 2211 and the upper leaf spring 2212 on the upper side are subjected to tensile force and swing downward along the limit shaft 11, and the lower leaf spring 2211 and the upper leaf spring 2212 on the lower side are subjected to compressive force and the limit shaft 11 pin swings upward. Therefore, when the car is driving on a bumpy road, the first-level in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 can allow the car tire 14 to bounce relative to the hub motor 3 on the basis of transmitting the driving torque and the isotropic loads from the ground, significantly reducing the impact of road bumps on the hub motor and the reducer. When the hub motor 3 drives the outer rotor 31 to rotate clockwise, the upper leaf spring 2212 is subjected to compressive force and the lower leaf spring 2211 is subjected to tensile force, and the first-level in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 will The torque generated by the hub motor 3 is transmitted to the wheel rim 13 to drive the car tire 14 to rotate clockwise. When the hub motor 3 drives the outer rotor 31 to rotate counterclockwise, the upper leaf spring 2212 is subjected to tension and the lower leaf spring 2211 is subjected to compression. The first-level in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 transmits the torque generated by the hub motor 3 to the wheel rim 13 to drive the car tire 14 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby achieving the purpose of driving the car. Therefore, a first-level in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 and a second-level suspension 5 are arranged between the car tire 14 and the car body, which can provide multi-level buffering of the road impact on the hub motor 3 and the brake assembly, greatly improving the vehicle smoothness and increasing the service life of the hub motor drive system.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] See also Figure 7As shown, the present invention is a two-stage suspension active heat dissipation wheel hub motor drive assembly, the wheel hub motor 3 is an inner rotor wheel hub motor, the planetary gearbox 9 is fixedly mounted with a planetary gearbox housing 911 on the outside, a planetary gear set 912 is provided inside the planetary gearbox housing 911, one end of the inner rotor wheel hub motor is fixedly connected to a planetary gearbox stator seat 913 through a steering knuckle 53, and the other end of the inner rotor wheel hub motor is fixedly connected to a planetary gearbox input shaft 914.

[0053] One side of the planetary gearbox housing 911 is fixedly connected to the side of the brake disc connecting frame 6, and the other side of the planetary gearbox housing 911 is rotatably connected to the inside of the primary wheel inner annular flexible suspension 2.

[0054] The first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2, which is annular and rotationally symmetrical, can perform multiple functions:

[0055] ① Torque transmission: that is, reliably transmitting the driving torque directly generated by the inner rotor hub motor or generated via the reducer to the vehicle tire 14, and having a certain torsional vibration reduction performance;

[0056] ② Transmitting the forces acting on the automobile tire 14 in all directions: that is, the forces in the X, Y, and Z directions between the automobile tire 14 and the ground can be transmitted to the steering knuckle 53, replacing the spoke structure in the traditional automobile tire 14 and reducing weight;

[0057] ③ Flexible structure: that is, on the basis of transmitting the torque and the all-directional ground load, the vehicle tire 14 is allowed to bounce relative to the inner rotor hub motor to achieve buffering and vibration reduction.

[0058] The working principle of the second embodiment of the present invention: The two-stage suspension active heat dissipation hub motor drive assembly of the present invention adopts a two-stage suspension in series mechanical structure. The ground load is transmitted to the wheel rim 13 through the automobile tire 14, and is transmitted to the first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension 2 via the axle pin on the wheel rim 13. The load is then transmitted to the inner rotor hub motor via the axle pin on the planetary gearbox housing 911, and then to the secondary suspension 5, and finally to the vehicle frame via the spring shock absorber 52. When the car is driving on a bumpy road, the two-stage suspension has a better vibration reduction effect, greatly reduces the unsprung mass, and improves the vehicle's driving smoothness. At the same time, it solves the problem that the inner rotor hub motor in the current hub motor drive system cannot jump up and down relative to the wheel, which can protect the motor and increase its service life.

[0059] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-stage suspension active heat dissipation wheel hub motor drive assembly, comprising: A planetary gearbox (9), a brake assembly (4), a secondary suspension (5), and a steering knuckle (53), characterized in that it also includes a wheel component (1), a primary in-wheel annular flexible suspension (2), a hub motor (3), and a brake disc connecting frame (6); The hub motor (3) is an outer rotor hub motor, and its stator is fixed to one end of the secondary suspension (5) via a steering knuckle (53); The first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension (2) is arranged inside the wheel component (1), and the wheel hub motor (3) is arranged inside the first-stage in-wheel annular flexible suspension (2); The output side of the wheel hub motor (3) is connected to the brake assembly (4) via a brake disc connecting frame (6), and the wheel hub motor (3) is fixed to one end of the secondary suspension (5); The primary wheel inner annular flexible suspension (2) comprises a second flexible ring structure (22) and a first flexible ring structure (23) which are arranged crosswise and stacked with each other; The second flexible ring structure (22) and the first flexible ring structure (23) both comprise a plurality of flexible modules (221), wherein the flexible modules (221) comprise a lower leaf spring (2211) and an upper leaf spring (2212), wherein the lower leaf spring (2211) and the upper leaf spring (2212) are hingedly arranged, and the lower leaf spring (2211) is hingedly connected to the upper leaf spring (2212) of an adjacent flexible module (221); Both ends of the upper leaf spring (2212) and the lower leaf spring (2211) are provided with a limiting shaft hole (24); a limiting groove (21) is provided in the middle of one end of the upper leaf spring (2212) and the lower leaf spring (2211); a single end of the upper leaf spring (2212) is hinged to the inner surface of the wheel rim (13) through the limiting shaft hole (24); both ends of the upper leaf spring (2212) are hinged to the outer surface of the hub motor (3) through the limiting shaft hole (24); the lower leaf spring (2211) is hinged to the outer surface of the hub motor (3) through the limiting shaft hole (24) at one end; and the lower leaf spring (2211) is hinged to the inner surface of the wheel rim (13) through the limiting shaft holes (24) at both ends.

2. The two-stage suspension active heat dissipation wheel hub motor drive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel component (1) comprises a limiting shaft (11), a cooling fan (12), a wheel rim (13) and a car tire (14); the car tire (14) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the wheel rim (13); the limiting shaft (11) is evenly arranged on the inner surface of the wheel rim (13); and the cooling fan (12) is arranged at the center of the outer side surface of the wheel rim (13).

3. The two-stage suspension active heat dissipation wheel hub motor drive assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat dissipation fan (12) is made of PBT material.

4. The two-stage suspension active heat dissipation wheel hub motor drive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary suspension (5) comprises a steering cross arm (51) and a spring damper (52), one end of the spring damper (52) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the steering knuckle (53), and one end of the steering cross arm (51) is movably connected to the bottom side of the steering knuckle (53).

5. The two-stage suspension active heat dissipation wheel hub motor drive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hub motor (3) is an inner rotor hub motor, the planetary gearbox (9) is provided with a planetary gearbox housing (911) on the outside, a planetary gear set (912) is provided inside the planetary gearbox housing (911), the stator of the inner rotor hub motor is fixedly connected to the planetary gearbox stator seat (913) via a steering knuckle (53), and the rotor of the inner rotor hub motor is connected to the input shaft (914) of the planetary gearbox; One side of the planetary gearbox housing (911) is fixedly connected to the side of the brake disc connecting frame (6), and the cylindrical surface of the planetary gearbox housing (911) is rotationally connected to the inside of the primary wheel inner annular flexible suspension (2).

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