A material screening apparatus utilizing particle rollability screening

Abstract

This invention relates to a material screening device utilizing the rolling motion of particles, belonging to the field of material screening technology, and solves the problem of low screening efficiency of waste catalyst materials in existing technologies. The invention includes a feeding mechanism and a vibrating screen; the vibrating screen includes: a screen body, a distribution plate, and a vibrating screen plate; a vibrating motor is installed on the screen body; the distribution plate is inclined; the discharge end of the distribution plate has multiple discharge ports; the vibrating screen plate has screen holes for particle size screening of the waste catalyst material; the vibrating screen plate has parallel screen dividers that divide the vibrating screen plate into multiple screening zones; the multiple discharge ports of the distribution plate correspond one-to-one with the multiple screening zones of the vibrating screen plate; the discharge end of the vibrating screen is equipped with multiple receiving boxes; the multiple receiving boxes are used to store the oversize and undersize products after screening, respectively. This invention achieves rapid screening of waste catalyst materials of different shapes and sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material screening technology, and in particular to a material screening device that utilizes the rolling property of particles for screening. Background Technology

[0002] Waste catalysts are widely used in industries such as petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, electronics, fine chemicals, and automotive exhaust purification. Commonly used waste catalysts include silver catalysts and platinum catalysts. The selection of recycling methods for waste industrial catalysts is determined comprehensively based on factors such as the catalyst's composition, content, type of support, value of the recovered material, yield, the company's equipment and technical capabilities, and recycling costs. A complete chemical reaction process often requires catalysts with different catalytic effects. These catalysts differ not only in elemental composition and content but also in shape, primarily including cylindrical, spherical, strip-shaped, honeycomb, and gear-shaped forms. In the context of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, the recycling of waste catalysts is beneficial for developing a circular economy and has received widespread attention and importance.

[0003] When extracting valuable metals from spent catalysts, the catalyst particles need to be sorted. Currently, material sorting mainly includes dry sorting and wet sorting. Dry sorting includes air classification, dry magnetic separation, electrostatic separation, and X-ray separation, while wet sorting includes flotation, hydrocyclone separation, shaking table separation, wet magnetic separation, and leaching. Existing sorting technologies have high requirements for the particle size and density of the raw materials, often requiring pre-screening and grading before sorting.

[0004] Therefore, in order to achieve rapid and effective screening and sorting of waste catalyst particles, this invention provides a material screening device that utilizes particle rolling to screen. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a material screening device that utilizes the rolling motion of particles to solve the problems of difficult sorting and high energy consumption of waste catalyst particles of different shapes.

[0006] The objective of this invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A material screening device utilizing particle rolling screening includes: a feeding mechanism and a vibrating screen; the feeding mechanism is used to introduce material into the vibrating screen; the vibrating screen includes: a screen body, a distribution plate, and a vibrating screen plate; a vibrating motor is installed on the screen body, and the vibrating motor is used to drive the distribution plate and the vibrating screen plate to vibrate; the distribution plate is inclined, and when the distribution plate vibrates, waste catalyst materials of different shapes can accumulate in different areas of the distribution plate; the discharge end of the distribution plate is provided with multiple discharge ports; the vibrating screen plate is located below the distribution plate and is staggered; the discharge port of the distribution plate is vertically opposite to the receiving end of the vibrating screen plate; the vibrating screen plate is provided with screen holes, which can screen the waste catalyst materials by particle size; the vibrating screen plate is provided with parallel screen partitions, which can divide the vibrating screen plate into multiple screening sections; the discharge end of the vibrating screen is provided with multiple receiving boxes; the multiple receiving boxes are used to store the screened oversize and undersize products respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the multiple discharge ports of the fabric plate correspond one-to-one with the multiple screening sections of the vibrating screen plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the fabric plate is inclined along the width of the screen and also in a direction perpendicular to the width of the screen.

[0010] Furthermore, the fabric plate has three outlets arranged in parallel, namely the first outlet, the second outlet, and the third outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the first discharge port, the second discharge port, and the third discharge port are arranged sequentially from low to high on the fabric plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the screen partition has two sections, namely a first screen partition and a second screen partition.

[0013] Furthermore, the vibrating screen plate is divided into three independent screening zones by the first and second screen partitions, namely the first screening zone, the second screening zone, and the third screening zone.

[0014] Furthermore, the first discharge port, the second discharge port, and the third discharge port correspond one-to-one with the first screening section, the second screening section, and the third screening section, respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, a first under-screen spacer and a second under-screen spacer corresponding to the first upper screen spacer and the second upper screen spacer are provided below the vibrating screen plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the vibrating screen plate is inclined and arranged in multiple layers in an upper and lower array; the screen holes on the multiple layers of vibrating screen plate are of different sizes, which are used to screen and classify waste catalyst materials of different sizes.

[0017] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes an infeed cylinder and an outlet cylinder that are interconnected; the infeed cylinder is vertically upward, and the waste catalyst material can be poured into the feeding mechanism through the infeed cylinder; one end of the outlet cylinder is connected to the infeed cylinder, and the other end is connected to the screen body of the vibrating screen.

[0018] The technical solution of this invention can achieve at least one of the following effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention provides a material screening device that utilizes the rolling property of particles. By setting the cloth plate to be inclined both along the width direction and perpendicular to the width direction, the waste catalyst material moves towards the discharge port on the cloth plate. Particles of different shapes will move to different areas under the vibration of the cloth plate, thereby realizing the separation of the mixed material according to its shape.

[0020] 2. The present invention provides a material screening device that utilizes the rolling property of particles to screen waste catalyst materials of different shapes through different discharge ports into different screening sections of a vibrating screen plate for screening. Particles of the same shape have different particle sizes, and smaller particles can pass through the vibrating screen plate and enter the underside of the screen, thereby realizing the separation of mixed materials of the same shape according to particle size.

[0021] 3. In traditional particulate material sorting processes, the incoming materials need to be pre-classified by vibrating screens, with products of different particle sizes entering different types of sorters, resulting in a complex process system. The material screening equipment of this invention, utilizing the rolling motion of particles, can achieve both particle size classification and shape sorting of particulate materials on the same equipment, improving the efficiency of screening and sorting waste catalyst materials, reducing screening time and the labor intensity of operators; it can efficiently combine material classification and sorting, has high compatibility with the particle size distribution of the sorted raw materials, and also has advantages such as being waterless, pollution-free, having a large processing capacity, and high sorting efficiency.

[0022] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a material screening device that utilizes the rolling property of particles according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the screening equipment in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fabric plate structure in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment principle of the flow guide strip on the fabric plate in Example 1.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sieve plate assembly in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a front view of the vibrating screen plate of Example 1;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the multi-layer sieve plate assembly in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a vibrating screen plate with a slotted screen hole structure according to Example 2.

[0032] Figure label:

[0033] 1-Feeding mechanism; 2-Screen body; 3-Distribution plate; 4-Blocking plate; 5-Vibration motor; 6-Vibrating screen plate; 7-Equipment support; 8-Guide bar; 9-Rotating shaft; 10-Rotating support; 11-Positioning plate; 12-Adjusting hole;

[0034] 301 - First discharge port; 302 - Second discharge port; 303 - Third discharge port;

[0035] 61 - First sieve plate; 62 - Second sieve plate; 63 - Third sieve plate;

[0036] 601 - First screening section; 602 - Second screening section; 603 - Third screening section; 604 - Upper separator for the first screening section; 605 - Upper separator for the second screening section; 606 - Lower separator for the first screening section; 607 - Lower separator for the second screening section;

[0037] 611 - First slit sieve hole; 612 - Second slit sieve hole; 612a - Circular part; 612b - First slit part; 613 - Third slit sieve hole; 613a - Square part; 613b - Second slit part. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a material screening device that utilizes the rolling property of particles for screening, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a material screening device utilizing particle rolling screening includes: a feeding mechanism 1 and a vibrating screen; the feeding mechanism is used to introduce material into the vibrating screen; the vibrating screen includes: a screen body 2, a material distribution plate 3, and a vibrating screen plate 6; a vibration motor 5 is installed on the screen body 2, and the vibration motor 5 is used to drive the material distribution plate 3 and the vibrating screen plate 6 to vibrate; the material distribution plate 3 is inclined, and when the material distribution plate 3 vibrates, waste catalyst materials of different shapes can accumulate in different areas of the material distribution plate 3; the discharge end of the material distribution plate 3 is provided with multiple discharge ports; the vibrating screen plate 6 is positioned below the material distribution plate 3 and staggered; the discharge port of the material distribution plate 3 is vertically opposite to the receiving end of the vibrating screen plate 6; the vibrating screen plate 6 is provided with sieve holes, which can perform particle size screening of waste catalyst materials; the vibrating screen plate 6 is provided with parallel screen partitions, which can divide the vibrating screen plate 6 into multiple screening sections; the multiple discharge ports of the material distribution plate 3 correspond one-to-one with the multiple screening sections of the vibrating screen plate 6; the discharge end of the vibrating screen plate 6 is provided with multiple receiving boxes; the multiple receiving boxes are used to store the screened products and under-screen products respectively.

[0041] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the vibrating screen is fed with waste catalyst material through the feeding mechanism 1; the feeding mechanism 1 includes a feed cylinder and a discharge cylinder that are connected to each other; the feed cylinder is vertically upward, and the waste catalyst material can be poured into the feeding mechanism 1 through the feed cylinder; one end of the discharge cylinder is connected to the feed cylinder, and the other end is connected to the screen body 2 of the vibrating screen.

[0042] Specifically, both the feeding mechanism 1 and the vibrating screen are fixed and supported by the equipment bracket 7.

[0043] Specifically, both the fabric plate 3 and the vibrating screen plate 6 are installed inside the screen body 2. When the vibrating motor 5 drives the screen body 2 to vibrate, the fabric plate 3 and the vibrating screen plate 6 vibrate synchronously.

[0044] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the width direction of the fabric plate 3 is the arrangement direction of the multiple discharge ports, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown; the flow direction of the waste catalyst material on the material distribution plate 3 is the material flow direction, which is perpendicular to the width direction of the material distribution plate.

[0045] Traditional screening equipment's feed end merely serves as a receiving point, resulting in high material mixing levels, which is detrimental to subsequent grading. This invention incorporates a distribution plate 3 at the feed end of the vibrating screen plate 6. This distribution plate 3 serves to receive upstream material while simultaneously enabling lateral separation of particles of different shapes and sizes along the screen width direction of the distribution plate 3, thereby achieving pre-separation of particles of different shapes along the screen width direction of the distribution plate 3.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the material distribution plate 3 is generally rectangular, parallelogram, or irregular quadrilateral. The material distribution plate 3 is inclined in both the left-right and front-back directions; the left and right sides of the material distribution plate 3 are connected to the screen body 2.

[0047] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the fabric plate 3 is inclined along the width of the screen and also in a direction perpendicular to the width of the screen.

[0048] Specifically, the highest end of the fabric plate 3 serves as the material inlet, and the opposite side of the inlet is the outlet; for example... Figure 4 As shown, the discharge end of the feeding plate 3 is provided with a first discharge port 301, a second discharge port 302, and a third discharge port 303; the first discharge port 301, the second discharge port 302, and the third discharge port 303 are arranged in order from low to high. After the waste catalyst material falls into the feeding plate 3, it moves from the inlet end to the outlet end. Since the feeding plate 3 is inclined at an angle perpendicular to the material flow direction, during the process of the material moving towards the outlet end, the more fluid spherical and ellipsoidal particles will move towards the lower end of the feeding plate 3, thereby achieving shape separation of the waste catalyst material.

[0049] In the mixture of spent catalyst particles, particles of different shapes have different compositions, thus requiring shape screening. During implementation, the feeding plate 3 vibrates under the drive of the vibrating motor 5. During the vibration of the feeding plate 3, the spent catalyst material moves from the inlet end to the outlet end of the feeding plate 3. Simultaneously, as the mixed particles of the spent catalyst material move on the inclined feeding plate 3, they are affected by their own shape and move to different areas: specifically, spherical particles with greater sphericity have weaker friction with the screen surface and lower inertia, mainly driven by their own gravity, moving towards the lower part of the inclined feeding plate 3 by rolling and jumping; cylindrical and ellipsoidal particles with less sphericity move a shorter distance to the lower part; honeycomb, gear-shaped, and irregularly shaped particles, in addition to being driven by their own gravity, have significant friction with the surface of the feeding plate 3 and high inertia, and are mainly moved along the material flow direction due to the vibration and projection of the feeding plate 3. Ultimately, spherical materials gather at the bottom of the fabric plate 3; ellipsoidal or cylindrical materials gather at the middle of the fabric plate 3; and rectangular or irregularly shaped materials gather at the top of the fabric plate.

[0050] As the waste catalyst material moves from the inlet end of the feeding plate 3 towards the outlet, the more fluid the material, the farther it travels in the width direction of the feeding plate 3. Spherical particles in the waste catalyst material flow into the first outlet 301, ellipsoidal and / or cylindrical particles flow into the second outlet 302, and rectangular or irregularly shaped particles flow into the third outlet 303; among them, irregularly shaped materials include gear-shaped, honeycomb-shaped, polygonal, etc.

[0051] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the material distribution plate 3 is tilted with the left side lower than the right and the front side lower than the back. The left-right direction, i.e. the width direction, of the material distribution plate 3 is the direction of material segregation, and the front-back direction of the material distribution plate 3 is the direction of material flow. The right rear end of the material distribution plate 3 is the feed end, and the front end of the material distribution plate 3 is the discharge end.

[0052] Furthermore, the tilt angle of the fabric plate 3 in the front-to-back direction is α1, and the tilt angle of the fabric plate 3 in the left-to-right direction is α2; that is, the tilt angle of the fabric plate 3 along the material flow direction is α1, and the tilt angle of the fabric plate 3 in the vibration segregation direction is α2; wherein, α1>α2, and both α1 and α2 are less than 30°. Preferably, the angle range of α1 is 10° to 20°, and the angle range of α2 is 5° to 15°.

[0053] In this invention, the material distribution plate 3 is inclined at different angles in both the front-to-back and left-to-right directions. This allows the waste catalyst material to slide along the direction of the larger inclination angle, i.e., the material flow direction, while spherical particles with better rolling properties can roll along the direction perpendicular to the material flow direction, achieving shape separation. In other words, the material distribution plate 3 of this invention acts as a flow ramp for waste catalyst material in one direction, realizing the material distribution function of the vibrating screen plate 6; and in another direction, it vibrates and separates materials of different shapes, realizing the shape separation function of waste catalyst material.

[0054] Furthermore, to achieve good shape segregation, the surface of the distribution plate 3 is rough or has protrusions or grooves; preferably, when the surface of the distribution plate 3 is machined with protrusions or grooves, the height of the protrusions or grooves is no greater than 1 mm and the width is no greater than 3 mm. Preferably, the protrusions or grooves on the surface of the distribution plate 3 are circular, rectangular, or regular polygonal, and are distributed in an array on the surface of the distribution plate 3. In this invention, the surface of the distribution plate 3 is roughened to increase rolling resistance, thereby limiting the rolling smoothness of the waste catalyst material, making the differences in flowability of materials of different shapes more obvious, and realizing that waste catalyst materials of different shapes can have different degrees of flowability on the surface of the distribution plate 3.

[0055] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the fabric plate 3 is fixedly installed on the vibrating screen, and the tilt angle is adjustable.

[0056] like Figure 1As shown, the vibrating screen has multiple overlapping partitions 4 arranged from top to bottom inside; the material distribution plate 3 overlaps above the overlapping partitions 4 and is supported by the overlapping partitions 4. Specifically, the overlapping partitions 4 are arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the screen body 2 of the vibrating screen, and the material distribution plate 3 is connected to the overlapping partitions 4 by screws or snap-fit. By adjusting the overlap of the material distribution plate 3 with the overlapping partitions 4 of different heights, the inclination degree of the material distribution plate 3 in the screen width direction can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the screening efficiency of the material distribution plate 3 for shape screening.

[0057] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the upper surface of the fabric plate 3 is provided with a flow guide strip 8.

[0058] The extension direction of the flow guide strip 8 is consistent with the length direction of the material distribution plate 3. The flow guide strip 8 is set perpendicular to the discharge port of the material distribution plate 3 and can guide the waste catalyst material gathered in different areas of the material distribution plate 3; the waste catalyst material of different shapes gathered in various areas of the material distribution plate 3 flows to different discharge ports under the action of the flow guide strip 8, and then falls into different screening sections on the vibrating screen plate 6.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, flow guide strips 8 are provided between the first discharge port 301 and the second discharge port 302, and between the second discharge port 302 and the third discharge port 303; the flow guide strips 8 are used to guide the material after the shape separation of the cloth plate 3 and prevent back mixing.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, the flow guide strip 8 is rotatably mounted on the fabric plate 3 and fixed by a positioning plate 11 and positioning screws; the positioning plate 11 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed adjustment holes 12, and the end of the flow guide strip 8 is provided with a mounting hole; a positioning screw is installed in the mounting hole; the positioning screw cooperates with different adjustment holes 12 on the positioning plate 11 to adjust the installation angle of the flow guide strip 8 on the fabric plate 3.

[0061] Preferably, a rotating bracket 10 is fixedly mounted on the fabric plate 3, and the rotating bracket 10 has a shaft hole; the flow guide strip 8 is rotatably mounted on the shaft hole of the rotating bracket 10 via a rotating shaft 9; the positioning disk 11 has a fan-shaped structure or a semi-circular structure; and multiple adjusting holes 12 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotating shaft 9. The flow guide strip 8 is used to enhance particle vibration separation while assisting particles of different shapes to move towards different areas of the screen surface after separation. The angle adjustment of the flow guide strip 8 can be achieved by rotating and changing the engagement of the bolt with the adjusting holes 12 at different positions.

[0062] In this invention, the fabric plate 3 is provided with an adjustable flow guide strip 8, which can adjust the deflection angle of the flow guide strip 8 when the properties of the feed change, that is, when the feed amount, particle shape / size and content composition change, thereby adjusting the separation effect and separation rate of the mixed particle group vibration segregation.

[0063] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, at least one screen partition is provided above the vibrating screen plate 6; the screen partition can divide the screen surface of the vibrating screen plate 6 into multiple regions.

[0064] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, there are two screen partitions, namely the first screen partition 604 and the second screen partition 605; the vibrating screen plate 6 is divided into three independent screening sections by the first screen partition 604 and the second screen partition 605, namely the first screening section 601, the second screening section 602 and the third screening section 603.

[0065] The first discharge port 301, the second discharge port 302 and the third discharge port 303 are arranged in order from low to high on the material distribution plate 3; the first discharge port 301, the second discharge port 302 and the third discharge port 303 correspond one-to-one with the first screening section 601, the second screening section 602 and the third screening section 603 respectively.

[0066] Furthermore, a first under-screen spacer 606 and a second under-screen spacer 607 corresponding to the first upper screen spacer 604 and the second upper screen spacer 605 are provided below the vibrating screen plate 6.

[0067] Considering that the size of the spent catalyst material varies, for example, the diameter of spherical particles can be 3mm, 5mm, 6mm and 8mm, it is necessary to screen and classify the particles of different sizes.

[0068] In this invention, such as Figure 7 As shown, the vibrating screen plate 6 is inclined and has multiple layers stacked on top of each other; the multi-layer vibrating screen plate 6 screens and classifies waste catalyst materials of different sizes.

[0069] Specifically, the screen aperture size of the multi-layer vibrating screen plate 6 gradually decreases from top to bottom. This invention, by setting the screen aperture size of the vibrating screen plate 6 to gradually decrease from top to bottom, satisfies the need for multi-stage separation of particles of the same shape but different particle sizes, thereby achieving multi-product output as required.

[0070] like Figure 7 As shown, the multi-layer vibrating screen plates 6 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. At the same time, the under-screen spacers and over-screen spacers of two adjacent layers of vibrating screen plates 6 are opposite each other, dividing the multi-layer vibrating screen plates 6 into multiple screening chambers. Each screening chamber is connected to a receiving box.

[0071] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown, when the vibrating screen plate 6 has three layers, they are the first layer screen plate 61, the second layer screen plate 62 and the third layer screen plate 63. The first layer screen plate 61, the second layer screen plate 62 and the third layer screen plate 63 are vertically opposite each other, and the first under-screen spacer 606 and the first upper-screen spacer 604 of the two adjacent layers are in contact, and the second under-screen spacer 607 and the second upper-screen spacer 605 of the two adjacent layers are in contact.

[0072] Specifically, the diameters of the spherical particles of the waste catalyst particles are R1, R2, R3 and R4, respectively, and when R1>R2>R3>R4, the vibrating screen plate 6 is provided with three layers.

[0073] The oversize product of the first screening section 601 of the first sieve plate 61 is spherical particles with a maximum diameter of R1; the oversize product of the first screening section 601 of the second sieve plate 62 is spherical particles with a diameter of R2; the oversize product of the first screening section 601 of the third sieve plate 63 is spherical particles with a diameter of R3; and the undersize product of the first screening section 601 of the third sieve plate 63 is spherical particles with a diameter of R4.

[0074] Similarly, the second screening section 602 and the third screening section 603 of the multi-layer vibrating screen plate 6 of the present invention can perform size screening and grading of ellipsoidal, cylindrical, gear-shaped or irregularly shaped material particles. Specifically, the first screening section 601 screens and grades the spherical materials; the second screening section 602 screens and grades the ellipsoidal or cylindrical materials; and the third screening section 603 screens and grades the rectangular or irregularly shaped materials.

[0075] Furthermore, this invention provides a transverse and longitudinal adaptation design for the pore shape, pore size, and open area ratio of the sieve based on particle morphology characteristics. The particle morphology characteristics include particle size and shape. The particles entering the sieve are divided into three regions along the width of the inclined sieve surface: spherical particles (round particles), near-spherical particles (ellipsoidal particles), and non-spherical particles (cylindrical, honeycomb, and gear-shaped, etc.). This invention installs and configures sieves with different pore shapes for particles of different shapes, thereby improving screening efficiency and speed.

[0076] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the specific arrangement of the screen holes in the vibrating screen plate 6 provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0077] The first screening section 601 is equipped with rectangular screen holes with an aspect ratio greater than 5:1. The width of the rectangular screen holes is smaller than the diameter of the particles on the screen after grading, and they are distributed in an array in the first screening section; this is used for screening spherical particles. The length direction of the rectangular screen holes extends along the material flow direction of the vibrating screen plate 6.

[0078] The second screening section 602 is equipped with circular sieve holes. The diameter of the circular sieve holes is 1.0-1.5 times the length of the particles on the sieve after grading. This is used to grade ellipsoidal or cylindrical particles. Setting the diameter of the circular sieve holes to 1.0-1.5 times the screening particle size facilitates the screening of small ellipsoidal or cylindrical particles at an inclined state (axis along the chord direction of the circular hole) through the circular sieve holes.

[0079] The third screening section 603 is equipped with square screen holes, and the diagonal length of the square screen holes is 1.0-1.5 times the grading particle size, which is used to screen non-spherical particles; that is, the diagonal length of the square screen holes is 1.0-1.5 times the diameter of the product on the screen, which can screen gear-shaped, honeycomb-shaped or irregularly shaped particles.

[0080] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, for the screen aperture size, the screen aperture size gradually decreases from the feed end to the discharge end of the vibrating screen plate 6; for the screen surface opening ratio, the screen surface opening ratio gradually increases from the feed end to the discharge end of the vibrating screen plate 6.

[0081] This invention improves sorting efficiency by adapting particle morphology characteristics to the sieve aperture shape / diameter / opening ratio in both horizontal and vertical directions, compared to sorting using a single aperture / diameter / opening ratio sieve surface. This invention enhances screening efficiency, reduces the mixing degree of the screened material, achieves a higher pre-sorting grade, and results in fewer impurities in the graded particles.

[0082] In practice, the waste catalyst mixture is fed into a vibrating screen via the feeding mechanism 1, and the material falls onto the inclined distribution plate 3 on the upper layer of the vibrating screen. Particles of different shapes move in different directions under the vibration of the distribution plate 3, and materials of different shapes accumulate in different areas of the distribution plate 3. Materials from different areas of the distribution plate 3 flow out through multiple outlets, completing the shape screening of the material. This process can be called shape segregation, providing a prerequisite for the separation of waste catalysts of different shapes according to particle size. After shape segregation, particles of different shapes are concentrated in different areas, and then the vibrating screen plate 6 separates the particles according to their size. Setting different shapes and sizes of sieve holes for these similarly shaped particles allows for further classification of these aggregated particles according to their size.

[0083] Specifically, the particles separated by the feeding plate 3 are fed to the inlet of the vibrating screen plate 6. The screen surface of the vibrating screen plate 6 is installed at an inclination along the screen width direction. The particle group is distributed in a regionalized manner according to shape along the screen width direction. The entire screen surface can be divided into spherical particle area (spherical particles), near-spherical particle area (ellipsoidal particles), and non-spherical particle area (cylindrical, honeycomb, and gear-shaped, etc.) according to particle shape. Each screening area is separated by a partition plate on the screen to avoid back mixing and further enhance the aggregation of particles in each area according to shape under the action of screen vibration. Under the action of low vibration intensity of the screen, the particles in each screening area move towards the discharge end. Particles smaller than the screen aperture size pass through the screen and enter the undersize to form the undersize product. Particles larger than the screen aperture size move towards the discharge end and finally become the oversize product. The oversize product is the large-sized waste catalyst, and the undersize product is the small-sized waste catalyst, thus completing the screening and classification of materials of different sizes.

[0084] Furthermore, the oversize and undersize products from each screening zone enter the receiving box respectively, completing the shape screening and particle size classification of the waste catalyst material.

[0085] It is worth noting that the description of the shape of the spent catalyst in this invention is used to clearly and accurately describe the structural composition of this invention; the shape type and proportion of the spent catalyst particles to be sorted are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] In this embodiment, the shape of the screen holes in the vibrating screen plate 6 in Embodiment 1 is further improved:

[0088] In this embodiment, the mesh shape distribution of the vibrating screen plate 6 is designed as follows:

[0089] like Figure 8 As shown, the first screening section 601 is configured with a first slotted screen hole 611; the long side of the first slotted screen hole 611 is consistent with the material flow direction, the length of the first slotted screen hole 611 extends from the feed end of the vibrating screen plate 6 to the discharge end, and the width of the first slotted screen hole 611 is smaller than the diameter of the product particles on the screen and larger than the diameter of the product particles below the screen.

[0090] Preferably, the first slotted screen hole 611 is a trapezoidal hole, and the width of the larger end of the trapezoidal hole is 1.0-1.5 times the width of the smaller end. The first slotted screen hole 611 is used to filter small spherical particles, while large spherical particles can roll or slide along the first slotted screen hole 611, reducing the accumulation of material at the feed end of the vibrating screen plate 6.

[0091] like Figure 8As shown, the second screening section 602 is configured with a second slotted screen hole 612. Specifically, the second slotted screen hole 612 includes circular portions 612a at both ends and a first slotted portion 612b in the middle. The circular portions 612a are located at both ends of the first slotted portion 612b and are interconnected. The diameter of the circular portions 612a is 1-1.5 times the length of the undersize product of the ellipsoidal material (or cylindrical material) and is smaller than the length of the oversize product. The length of the first slotted portion 612b is 0.5-1 times the length of the largest particle of the undersize product, and the width is 1-1.5 times the width of the largest particle of the undersize product and is smaller than the width of the oversize product. The circular portions 612a are used to allow the undersize product to be screened out horizontally, and the first slotted portion 612b is used to allow the ellipsoidal or cylindrical material to be screened out vertically or longitudinally, while preventing the oversize product from leaking through.

[0092] like Figure 8 As shown, the third screening section 603 is configured with a third slit screen hole 613; the third slit screen hole 613 includes square portions 613a at both ends and a second slit portion 613b in the middle; the square portions 613a are located at both ends of the second slit portion 613b and are interconnected. The width of the square portions 613a is 1-1.5 times the length of the undersize product of non-spherical materials (or irregular materials), and less than the length of the oversize product. The length of the second slit portion 613b is 0.5-1 times the length of the largest particle of the undersize product, and the width is 1-1.5 times the width of the largest particle of the undersize product, and less than the width of the oversize product. The square portions 613a allow the undersize product to be screened out horizontally, and the second slit portion 613b allows non-spherical or irregular materials to be screened out vertically or longitudinally, while preventing oversize products from leaking through.

[0093] This embodiment proposes a sieve aperture design that is adapted to the particle size and shape, determines the distribution pattern of the sieve apertures, and matches the sieve aperture shape according to the distribution area of ​​particles with different shapes, thereby improving the sieve penetration effect.

[0094] Furthermore, while the vibrating screen plate 6 is inclined along the material flow direction, it also remains inclined perpendicular to the material flow direction, and the inclination angle is adjustable; while avoiding back mixing, the vibration of the screen surface further enhances the aggregation of particles in each area according to their shape.

[0095] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided in this embodiment has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0096] 1. The present invention provides a material screening device that utilizes the rolling property of particles for screening. The material distribution plate 3 and the vibrating screen plate 6 are fixedly connected to the screen body 2 and are driven to vibrate by the vibrating motor 5. This device can achieve different screening functions on the screen surface of the vibrating screen plate 6 after the shape of the particles to be sorted is separated. It can simultaneously achieve shape screening and particle size classification.

[0097] 2. This invention achieves efficient grading and pre-sorting of particulate materials on the same equipment, with a sorting efficiency of up to 86.61%. It also boasts high compatibility with the particle size distribution of the raw materials, offering advantages such as water-free processing, no pollution, large throughput, and high sorting efficiency. In this invention, both screening efficiency and sorting efficiency represent the degree of segregation after material screening, expressed as a percentage; for example, 80% indicates that the proportion of the target material after screening / sorting is 80%.

[0098] 3. In traditional screening and grading processes, materials mix and enter the screen, forming a layer of a certain thickness. Fine particles have a low contact frequency with the screen surface, resulting in low throughput and poor screening efficiency. In this invention, the mixed material group undergoes pre-separation along the width of the distribution plate 3 (i.e., perpendicular to the material flow direction) before entering the screen. Materials of different shapes enter different screening zones for particle size separation, which increases the contact frequency between fine particles and the screen surface, thereby increasing the throughput rate of fine particles and improving the screening effect.

[0099] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A material screening device utilizing particle rolling sieving, characterized in that it comprises: a feeding mechanism and a vibrating screen; the feeding mechanism is used to introduce material into the vibrating screen; the vibrating screen comprises: a screen body, a material distribution plate, a vibrating motor, and a vibrating screen plate; A vibration motor is installed on the screen body, which drives the material distribution plate and the vibrating screen plate to vibrate; the material distribution plate is inclined, and when the material distribution plate vibrates, waste catalyst materials of different shapes can be gathered in different areas of the material distribution plate; the discharge end of the material distribution plate is provided with multiple discharge ports; The material distribution plate is inclined along the width of the screen and also in a direction perpendicular to the width of the screen; the inclination angle of the material distribution plate along the material flow direction is α1, the inclination angle of the material distribution plate in the vibration separation direction is α2, and α1>α2; the angle range of α1 is 10°~20°, and the angle range of α2 is 5°~15°. The vibrating screen plate is provided with screen holes, which can screen the waste catalyst material by particle size; the vibrating screen plate is provided with parallel screen partitions, which can divide the vibrating screen plate into multiple screening sections; the multiple discharge ports of the material distribution plate correspond one-to-one with the multiple screening sections of the vibrating screen plate; the discharge end of the vibrating screen plate is provided with multiple receiving boxes; the multiple receiving boxes are used to store the oversize and undersize products after screening respectively. The fabric plate has three parallel discharge ports, namely the first discharge port, the second discharge port and the third discharge port; there are two screen partitions, namely the first screen partition and the second screen partition; the vibrating screen plate is divided into three independent screening sections by the first screen partition and the second screen partition, namely the first screening section, the second screening section and the third screening section. The first screening section is equipped with rectangular sieve holes with an aspect ratio greater than 5:

1. The width of the rectangular sieve holes is smaller than the diameter of the particles on the sieve after grading, and they are distributed in an array in the first screening section; this is used to screen spherical particles. The second screening section is equipped with circular sieve holes with a diameter of 1.0-1.5 times the screening particle size; this is used to grade ellipsoidal or cylindrical particles. The third screening section is equipped with square sieve holes, and the diagonal length of the square sieve holes is 1.0 times the grading particle size. 1.5 times, used for screening irregularly shaped particles.

2. The material screening equipment utilizing particle rolling properties for screening according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first discharge port, the second discharge port, and the third discharge port are arranged in order from low to high on the fabric plate.

3. A material screening device utilizing particle rolling properties for screening according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first discharge port, the second discharge port, and the third discharge port correspond one-to-one with the first screening section, the second screening section, and the third screening section, respectively.

4. A material screening device utilizing particle rolling property as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Below the vibrating screen plate are first and second under-screen spacers corresponding to the first and second upper screen spacers.

5. A material screening device utilizing particle rolling properties for screening according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrating screen plate is inclined and arranged in multiple layers in an upper and lower array; the screen holes on the multiple layers of vibrating screen plate are of different sizes, which are used to screen and classify waste catalyst materials of different sizes.

6. A material screening device utilizing particle rolling property as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes an infeed cylinder and an outlet cylinder that are connected to each other; the infeed cylinder is vertically upward, and the waste catalyst material can be poured into the feeding mechanism through the infeed cylinder; one end of the outlet cylinder is connected to the infeed cylinder, and the other end is connected to the screen body of the vibrating screen.

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