An adaptive slope monitoring anchor rod based on self-circulation heat exchange technology

Abstract

The application discloses a self-adaptive slope monitoring anchor rod based on a self-circulation heat exchange technology and relates to the field of slope engineering anchoring equipment.The anchor rod comprises a photovoltaic module arranged at the top of the anchor rod, and a circulation heat exchanger arranged in the anchor rod.The anchor rod is inserted into a cold region slope, an evaporator can exchange heat with the cold region slope through the bottom end of the anchor rod, and a condenser can exchange heat with the external environment through the top end of the anchor rod.The application avoids the freeze-thaw cycle of the cold region slope in a manner of preventing the thawing and sinking of the cold region slope, absorbs the internal heat of the cold region slope through the evaporator, makes the temperature of the evaporator higher than that of the condenser to form a temperature difference, utilizes the temperature difference between the two to generate a gas pressure difference, and thus drives the gas working medium in the pipe evaporator to flow along the gas working medium pipeline to the condenser, condenses and radiates heat in the condenser, and discharges heat to the external environment, thereby preventing and treating the freeze-thaw disasters of slope engineering.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of slope engineering anchoring device, in particular to a self-adaptive slope monitoring anchor rod based on self-circulation heat exchange technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] In high-altitude cold regions, with the repeated changes of seasonal climate, the cold region slope repeatedly experiences the effect of freeze-thaw cycle, and the soil suffers from frost heaving and thawing deformation damage to varying degrees in the process.

[0003] At present, the protection measures for slope engineering mainly include the following: (1) slope vegetation protection (2) anchor support, anchor net support, anchor net support (3) anti-slide pile support. Because high-altitude cold regions are not suitable for plant growth, therefore, the slope vegetation protection has limitations. Anchor support, anchor net support, anchor net support do not have long-term effectiveness, because the change of climate temperature will form a freeze-thaw circle on the surface of the slope rock mass, the freeze-thaw cycle continuously erodes the rock mass, causing the crack of the freeze-thaw circle to expand, the bearing capacity to decrease, and the surface of the rock mass to produce peeling, flaking, and sanding, etc. The anchoring effect gradually disappears, and the slope maintenance cannot be guaranteed, so the protection effect is not obvious, and the long-term performance is poor. The anti-slide pile support has high requirements for the structure strength of the sliding body itself, and the cost is high.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a slope engineering protection device that can avoid the freeze-thaw cycle is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a self-adaptive slope monitoring anchor rod based on self-circulation heat exchange technology to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following scheme: the present application provides a self-adaptive slope monitoring anchor rod based on self-circulation heat exchange technology, comprising: an anchor rod, a photovoltaic module is arranged at the top of the anchor rod, a circulating heat exchanger is arranged in the anchor rod, the circulating heat exchanger comprises an evaporator and a condenser electrically connected with the photovoltaic module, a gas working medium pipe and a liquid working medium pipe are arranged between the evaporator and the condenser, the condenser is arranged close to the top end of the anchor rod, and the evaporator is arranged close to the bottom end of the anchor rod; the anchor rod is inserted into a cold region slope, the evaporator can exchange heat with the cold region slope through the bottom end of the anchor rod, and the evaporator can exchange heat with the external environment through the top end of the anchor rod.

[0007] Further, a heating lamp is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic module, and the heating lamp is electrically connected with the photovoltaic module.

[0008] Further, a plurality of sensor mounting grooves are arranged on the anchor rod, and fiber grating sensors are mounted in the sensor mounting grooves, and the fiber grating sensors are electrically connected with the photovoltaic module and the heating lamp.

[0009] Further, the plurality of sensor mounting grooves are arranged close to the top end, the bottom end and the middle part of the anchor rod respectively.

[0010] Further, the anchor rod is expanded outward to form a heat dissipation protection shell corresponding to the position of the evaporator, and graphene patches are arranged on the inner side walls of the heat dissipation protection shell and the anchor rod.

[0011] Further, a driving wheel is arranged in the gas working medium pipeline, a driven wheel is arranged in the liquid working medium pipeline, the driving wheel is in transmission connection with the driven wheel through a rotating shaft box, and the rotating shaft box is in sealed communication with the gas working medium pipeline and the liquid working medium pipeline.

[0012] The application discloses the following technical effects:

[0013] 1. The application prevents the freeze-thaw cycle of the cold region slope by preventing the thawing of the cold region slope, and the thawing process generally occurs in summer when the temperature is high. At this time, the ice in the cold region slope is thawed by rising temperature. The application absorbs the heat in the cold region slope through the evaporator, so that the temperature of the evaporator is higher than that of the condenser, a temperature difference is formed, a pressure difference is generated between the two, and the gas working medium in the pipe evaporator is pushed to flow along the gas working medium pipeline to the condenser. The gas working medium is condensed and dissipated in the condenser, and the heat is discharged to the external environment. The temperature in the cold region slope is always maintained below the ice melting temperature, the ice in the cold region slope does not thaw, and the freeze-thaw cycle does not occur. The passive treatment is changed into active protection to prevent and control the freeze-thaw disaster of the slope engineering.

[0014] 2. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged in the gas working medium pipeline and the liquid working medium pipeline respectively. In the process that the gas working medium flows to the condenser, a small amount of pressure difference is sacrificed to drive the driving wheel and the driven wheel to rotate and drive the liquid working medium to flow back to the evaporator, so that the working medium is self-circulated, and the dependence of the conventional heat cycle pipeline working medium circulation on gravity is eliminated. The anchor rod can be anchored at any angle in various gravity conditions according to the construction requirement, and the use flexibility is greatly improved.

[0015] 3. The photovoltaic module is used for photoelectric conversion to provide power supply for the circulating heat exchanger and the fiber grating sensor. The photovoltaic module only needs to drive the condenser in the circulating heat exchanger and provide battery support for the fiber grating sensor. The evaporator works by using the natural heat of the cold region slope in summer. Therefore, the power generation capacity and power requirement of the photovoltaic module are very low. In addition to being applied in the regions such as Tibet with excellent illumination conditions, the photovoltaic module can also be applied to other regions with slightly poor illumination conditions.

[0016] 4、The application can be used in the anchoring frozen soil area slope of some major engineering construction, greatly alleviate the influence of the soil body of the cold region slope repeatedly experiencing the action of freeze-thaw cycle, the soil body suffers frost heaving and thawing settlement deformation damage to different degrees, and expand the application range of the heat pipe circulation and the anchor rod; and the system is started by using the clean and renewable energy solar energy, and can operate without external power driving, reduces the energy loss, and has great development prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is an anchor rod structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 It is an anchor rod structure sectional view;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a circulating heat exchanger structure schematic diagram;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a photovoltaic module structure schematic diagram;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a heating lamp structure schematic diagram;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a rotating shaft box structure schematic diagram;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a rotating shaft box sectional view;

[0025] Figure 8 It is an anchor rod construction effect diagram;

[0026] Figure 9 It is a side view of the anchor rod construction effect diagram;

[0027] Figure 10 It is an anchor rod construction arrangement diagram;

[0028] Figure 11 It is a perspective view of the anchor rod construction arrangement diagram;

[0029] Wherein, 1, evaporator; 2, gas working medium pipeline; 3, liquid working medium pipeline; 4, driving wheel; 5, driven wheel; 6, condenser; 7, rotating shaft box; 8, photovoltaic module; 9, heating lamp; 10, heat dissipation protection shell; 11, sensor mounting groove; 12, graphene patch; 13, anchor rod; 14, reverse gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Reference Figures 1-5 The present application provides a self-adaptive slope monitoring anchor rod based on self-circulation heat exchange technology, comprising: an anchor rod 13, a photovoltaic module 8 is arranged at the top of the anchor rod 13, a circulating heat exchanger is arranged in the anchor rod 13, the circulating heat exchanger comprises an evaporator 1 and a condenser 6 electrically connected with the photovoltaic module 8, a gas working medium pipeline and a liquid working medium pipeline are arranged between the evaporator 1 and the condenser 6 (the working medium used by the evaporator 1 and the condenser 6 is a phase change working medium, which can be liquid nitrogen, methane, freon, etc.), a gas-liquid separator is arranged on the gas working medium pipeline, a liquid accumulator is arranged on the liquid working medium pipeline, a plurality of electric heating bands are arranged on the condenser 6, the condenser 6 is arranged close to the top end of the anchor rod 13, and the evaporator 1 is arranged close to the bottom end of the anchor rod 13; the anchor rod 13 is inserted into a cold region slope, the evaporator 1 can exchange heat with the cold region slope through the bottom end of the anchor rod 13, and the evaporator 1 can exchange heat with the external environment through the top end of the anchor rod 13.

[0034] In the embodiment, the back of the photovoltaic module 8 is provided with a heating lamp 9, and the heating lamp 9 is electrically connected with the photovoltaic module 8. The anchor rod 13 is provided with a plurality of sensor installation grooves 11, and the fiber grating sensor is installed in the sensor installation groove 11. The fiber grating sensor is electrically connected with the photovoltaic module 8 and the heating lamp 9 and can monitor the temperature, slight deformation, acceleration and other parameters of the cold region slope. The plurality of sensor installation grooves 11 are respectively arranged close to the top end, the bottom end and the middle part of the anchor rod 13. When the temperature of the anchor rod 13 is too high, an alarm signal can be sent to the heating lamp 9. The heating lamp 9 can alarm by changing the color. The heating lamp 9 is connected with the photovoltaic module 8. In winter, the heating lamp 9 can also melt the snow on the surface of the photovoltaic module 8 by heating, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the photovoltaic module 8. The slight deformation data obtained by monitoring can be used to calculate whether the cold region slope is stable by combining the algorithm.

[0035] In the embodiment, the anchor rod 13 is expanded outward to form a heat dissipation protection shell 10 corresponding to the position of the evaporator 1, and the inner side wall of the heat dissipation protection shell 10 and the inner side wall of the anchor rod 13 are both provided with a graphene patch 12. The heat dissipation protection shell 10 can accelerate the heat dissipation speed of the evaporator 1, improve the heat exchange speed of the evaporator 1 and the condenser 6, and improve the cooling effect inside the cold region slope. The graphene patch 12 can have a strong heat conduction effect. On the one hand, it can accelerate the heat exchange speed of the evaporator 1 at the bottom of the anchor rod 13 and the cold region slope, accelerate the heat absorption of the evaporator 1, and on the other hand, it can also accelerate the heat exchange speed of the condenser 6 at the top of the anchor rod 13 and the external environment, accelerate the heat emission of the condenser 6. (In the embodiment, the heat dissipation protection shell 10 is located close to the ground of the cold region slope after the anchor rod 13 is inserted into the cold region slope)

[0036] In the embodiment, the gas working medium pipeline 2 is provided with a driving wheel 4, and the liquid working medium pipeline 3 is provided with a driven wheel 5. The driving wheel 4 is in transmission connection with the driven wheel 5 through a rotating shaft box 7. The rotating shaft box 7 is in sealed communication with the gas working medium pipeline 2 and the liquid working medium pipeline 3. The rotating shaft box 7 is provided with a reverse gear 14. The reverse gear 14 is connected with the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5 to play a transmission role and make the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5 rotate in opposite directions coaxially (corresponding to the flow directions of the gas working medium and the liquid working medium respectively). Because the bulk density of the gaseous working medium in the gas working medium pipeline is much larger than the bulk density of the liquid working medium in the liquid working medium pipeline, the pressure obtained by the liquid working medium is much larger than the pressure lost by the gas working medium. This pressure head is enough to overcome the flow resistance in the working process and the relative gravity difference formed after the anchor rod 13 is constructed, so that the anchor rod 13 does not need external driving and has the performance of self-driving adjustment.

[0037] As shown in Figures 6-7 In the actual construction process, the anchor rod 13 can be used in combination as a group, the adjacent anchor rods 13 are connected by optical fibers, and a plurality of fiber grating sensors can be used in parallel combination and common monitoring. The plurality of anchor rods 13 in the same group can be arranged in a staggered manner.Figures 8-9 The arrangement shown is arranged in this way. Such an arrangement can overcome the shortcomings of conventional sensors, such as being susceptible to the environment, rough monitoring in a point-to-surface manner, low data collection frequency, and poor stability.

[0038] The specific working process is as follows:

[0039] In summer or in a high-temperature season, the internal temperature of the cold region slope increases, causing the internal ice body to gradually approach the melting temperature. The sensor installation groove 11 senses the temperature increase, the photovoltaic assembly 8 provides power supply for the condenser 6, starts the circulating heat exchanger, the evaporator 1 absorbs the internal heat of the cold region slope through the graphene patch 12, so that the internal working medium evaporates into gaseous working medium, and a temperature difference and a gas pressure difference are formed between the evaporator 1 and the condenser 6. The gaseous working medium starts to flow to the condenser 6, and in the process of flowing, the airflow drives the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5 to rotate, and the driven wheel 5 drives the liquid working medium to move to the evaporator 1 to form a working medium circulation. After the gaseous working medium reaches the condenser 6, it is cooled and radiated by the condenser 6 and the graphene patch 12 and the heat dissipation protection shell 10, and the heat is discharged to the external environment, and the gaseous working medium after releasing heat becomes liquid working medium again.

[0040] Test example

[0041] In the cold region slope of Tibet (the structure of the cold region slope is shown in Figures 6-7 , from low to high, respectively, short slope, medium slope and high slope) application example 1, and the internal temperature of the cold region slope is monitored, the detection time is randomly selected six times from June to August, the temperature is the average of the six results, and the results are as follows:

[0042]

[0043] As shown in the above table, after the anchor rod 13 disclosed in the application example 1 is applied, the cold region slope is not cracked all year round, the average temperature of the slope is not more than-2 degrees Celsius, the lowest temperature of the slope is not more than-1 degrees Celsius, and the internal ice body of the cold region slope always remains unmelted, so there is no problem of freeze-thaw cycle.

[0044] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0045] The above described embodiments are only to illustrate the preferred modes of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any modification and improvement made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present application without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A self-adapting slope monitoring anchor based on self-circulation heat exchange technology, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a photovoltaic energy storage and heat dissipation protection device for cold region slope, which comprises an anchor rod (13), the top of the anchor rod (13) is provided with a photovoltaic module (8), the inside of the anchor rod (13) is provided with a circulating heat exchanger, the circulating heat exchanger comprises an evaporator (1) and a condenser (6) electrically connected with the photovoltaic module (8), a gas working medium pipe and a liquid working medium pipe are arranged between the evaporator (1) and the condenser (6), the condenser (6) is arranged near the top end of the anchor rod (13), and the evaporator (1) is arranged near the bottom end of the anchor rod (13), the anchor rod (13) is inserted into a cold region slope, the evaporator (1) can exchange heat with the cold region slope through the bottom end of the anchor rod (13), and the evaporator (1) can exchange heat with the external environment through the top end of the anchor rod (13). The back of the photovoltaic module (8) is provided with a heating lamp (9), and the heating lamp (9) is electrically connected with the photovoltaic module (8). A plurality of sensor mounting grooves (11) are arranged on the anchor rod (13), fiber bragg grating sensors are mounted in the sensor mounting grooves (11), and the fiber bragg grating sensors are electrically connected with the photovoltaic module (8) and the heating lamp (9). The plurality of sensor mounting grooves (11) are arranged near the top end, the bottom end and the middle part of the anchor rod (13) respectively. The anchor rod (13) is expanded outward to form a heat dissipation protection shell (10) corresponding to the position of the evaporator (1), and the inner side wall of the heat dissipation protection shell (10) and the inner side wall of the anchor rod (13) are both provided with graphene patches (12). A driving wheel (4) is arranged in the gas working medium pipe (2), a driven wheel (5) is arranged in the liquid working medium pipe (3), the driving wheel (4) is in transmission connection with the driven wheel (5) through a rotating shaft box (7), and the rotating shaft box (7) is in sealed communication with the gas working medium pipe (2) and the liquid working medium pipe (3). ​

Images