A ship partition, layering laser cleaning method

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for zoned and layered laser cleaning of ships, belonging to the field of ship cleaning technology. The steps of this invention are as follows: Step 1: Input the parameters of the surface to be cleaned; Step 2: Divide the surface to be cleaned into zones for the first time; Step 3: Assess the rust level of each zone; Step 4: Optimize the zones based on the assessment results, i.e., merge adjacent zones of the same level; Step 5: Output a specific solution. This invention performs two-stage segmentation and merging processes on large metal surfaces to be cleaned, introducing visual recognition. It uses an image recognition sensor combined with a 3D contour measuring instrument to identify areas of coating damage and depression, and classifies zones according to the degree of damage. The solution is refined for different zones, eliminating the need for overall cleaning and re-spraying of the entire ship, significantly shortening the processing cycle and effectively saving time and labor costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship cleaning technology, and more specifically, to a method for zoned and layered laser cleaning of ships. Background Technology

[0002] Existing ship cleaning technologies typically involve periodic overall cleaning, repair, and respraying of the entire ship. This lack of targeted treatment for different locations requires different cleaning and repair methods, and the entire process is time-consuming and wasteful of resources. In certain situations, it may be necessary to focus on cleaning and repairing specific areas within a cycle, or there may be limited time for overall cleaning and respraying of the entire ship. The technical solution of this invention can effectively solve the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] 1. The technical problem that the invention aims to solve

[0004] To address the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for partitioned and layered laser cleaning of ships. This invention performs two-stage segmentation and merging processes on large metal surfaces to be cleaned, introducing visual recognition. An image recognition sensor combined with a 3D contour measuring instrument identifies areas of coating damage and depression, and classifies these areas according to the degree of damage. The method refines the cleaning plan for each partition, eliminating the need for overall cleaning and respraying of the entire ship, significantly shortening the processing cycle and effectively saving time and labor costs. Simultaneously, the amount of paint needed during the cleaning and repair process is calculated, avoiding waste due to unused paint and achieving paint conservation.

[0005] 2. Technical Solution

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for partitioned and layered laser cleaning of ships, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Input the surface parameters to be cleaned, including: number of paint layers, paint layer thickness, and substrate roughness;

[0009] Step 2: Divide the surface to be cleaned into sections for the first time;

[0010] Step 3: Assess the corrosion level of each zone;

[0011] The specific steps include:

[0012] S1: Based on the input from step one, first determine the thickness of the coating layer;

[0013] S2: The paint surface is identified and classified using an image recognition sensor. Specific operations include:

[0014] a) For areas where the underlying metal oxide has been exposed, define these areas as primer damage and output the area's location coordinates.

[0015] b. For areas where the underlying metal oxide is not exposed, a 3D profile measuring instrument is used to construct the surface morphology of the area, identify the damaged and recessed areas of the coating, and obtain the location coordinates and depth parameters of the recessed areas.

[0016] The degree of rust is determined by comparing the measured pit depth with the known paint thickness.

[0017] Step 4: Optimize the zoning based on the evaluation results, i.e., merge neighboring zones of the same level;

[0018] Step 5: Output specific solutions: The laser cleaning system removes the old paint layer, the spraying system sprays a new paint layer, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the new paint layer.

[0019] Furthermore, in step three, the corrosion level assessment specifically involves:

[0020] Based on the degree of damage, the areas are divided into Grade A, Grade B, and Grade C areas, respectively.

[0021] Grade A area: First coat of paint, primer layer damaged, first coat of paint needs to be removed;

[0022] Grade B area: The second coat of paint is damaged and needs to be removed.

[0023] Grade C area: The third coat of paint is damaged and the anti-fouling coating needs to be removed.

[0024] Furthermore, when the A-level area is damaged, after all paint layers in the A-level area are removed, the surface to which the primer layer is attached is roughened according to the input substrate roughness.

[0025] Furthermore, step five includes the following specific solutions:

[0026] When only the C-level area is damaged: the laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating from the C-level area, the spraying system sprays anti-fouling paint onto the C-level area, and the drying system dries the coating using laser heat treatment technology.

[0027] When damage is involved in Class B or Class C areas: the laser cleaning system first removes the anti-fouling coating and topcoat in the Class B area, the spraying system sprays the topcoat on the Class B area, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating.

[0028] Finally, the laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating from the C-level areas, the spraying system sprays anti-fouling paint onto the B and C-level areas, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating.

[0029] When damage involves areas classified as Level A, Level B, or Level C:

[0030] First step: The laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating, topcoat, and primer from the Class A area; the spraying system sprays primer onto the Class A area; and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating.

[0031] Secondly: the laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating and topcoat from the B-level areas, the spraying system sprays topcoat onto the A and B-level areas, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating.

[0032] Finally: the laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating from C-level areas, the spraying system applies anti-fouling paint to A, B, and C-level areas, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating.

[0033] Furthermore, the primer layer, topcoat layer, and antifouling coating can be single-layer paints or multi-layer composite paints.

[0034] Furthermore, the required quantity of different types of paint is calculated for different spraying needs;

[0035] The required paint volume is calculated based on the area and paint layer thickness, using the following formula:

[0036] V 底漆 =S A ×h A ;

[0037] V 面漆 =(S A +S B )×h B ;

[0038] V 防污漆 =(S A +S B +S C )×h C ;

[0039] Where S is the spraying area and h is the spraying thickness.

[0040] 3. Beneficial effects

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages:

[0042] This invention addresses the issue of large metal surfaces requiring cleaning by employing a two-stage segmentation and merging process. It introduces visual recognition, utilizing an image recognition sensor combined with a 3D contour measuring instrument to identify damaged and recessed areas of the coating. Based on the degree of damage, the surfaces are categorized into different levels, allowing for refined solutions for each zone. This eliminates the need for a complete cleaning and repainting of the entire ship, significantly shortening the processing cycle and effectively saving time and labor costs. Furthermore, the amount of coating needed during the cleaning and repair process is calculated to prevent waste and achieve coating savings. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the paint layer distribution of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the partitioning optimization effect of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the cleaning parameters of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0047] Example 1

[0048] from Figure 1-2 As can be seen, the steps of the ship partitioning and layering laser cleaning method in this embodiment are as follows:

[0049] Step 1: Input the parameters of the surface to be cleaned. The surface parameters include: number of paint layers, paint layer thickness, and substrate roughness.

[0050] Surface parameters also include the type and color of each coating paint, substrate roughness (i.e., the roughness of the underlying metal surface), and different primers have different requirements for the roughness of the metal surface.

[0051] Step 2: Divide the surface to be cleaned into sections for the first time;

[0052] Step 3: Assess the corrosion level of each zone;

[0053] In some embodiments, surface parameters also include paint information, such as whether it is a single-layer paint or a multi-layer composite paint, the corresponding composite paint composition of the multi-layer composite paint, and the paint color, composition, and other important parameters.

[0054] The specific steps include:

[0055] S1: Based on the input from step one, first determine the thickness of the coating layer;

[0056] S2: The paint surface is identified and classified using an image recognition sensor. Specific operations include:

[0057] a. For areas where the underlying metal oxidation has been exposed, such as areas where steel has rusted when the underlying material is steel, it means that all paint above the underlying material is damaged. This area is defined as the primer damage area, which is the most serious damage area. Output the area location coordinate parameters.

[0058] b. For areas where the underlying metal oxide is not exposed, a 3D profile measuring instrument is used to construct the surface morphology of the area, identify the damaged and recessed areas of the coating, and obtain the location coordinates and depth parameters of the recessed areas.

[0059] Since rust has a thickness, it can affect the judgment of the 3D profile measuring instrument; therefore, an image recognition sensor is used first to determine that there is no rust before using the 3D profile measuring instrument.

[0060] The degree of rust is determined by comparing the measured pit depth with the known paint thickness.

[0061] The specific assessment of corrosion level is as follows:

[0062] Based on the degree of damage, the areas are divided into Grade A, Grade B, and Grade C areas, respectively.

[0063] Grade A area: First coat of paint, primer layer damaged, first coat of paint needs to be removed;

[0064] Grade B area: The second coat of paint is damaged and needs to be removed.

[0065] Grade C area: The third coat of paint is damaged and the anti-fouling coating needs to be removed.

[0066] When a Class A area is damaged, after all paint layers in the Class A area are removed, the surface to which the primer layer is attached is roughened according to the input substrate roughness.

[0067] The specific criteria for assessing corrosion levels are as follows:

[0068] For example: Given that the anti-fouling coating is 10μm thick, the topcoat is 20μm thick, and the primer is 50μm thick, if the pit depth is measured to be 12μm, then the area is classified as Grade B; if the pit depth is measured to be 34μm, then the area is classified as Grade A, and so on.

[0069] Step 4: Optimize the partitioning based on the evaluation results, i.e., merge neighboring areas of the same level; for example... Figure 2 As shown;

[0070] Step 5: Output specific solutions: The laser cleaning system removes the old paint layer, the spraying system sprays a new paint layer, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the new paint layer.

[0071] The specific solutions include the following:

[0072] When only the C-level area is damaged: the laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating from the C-level area, the spraying system sprays anti-fouling paint onto the C-level area, and the drying system dries the coating using laser heat treatment technology.

[0073] When damage is involved in Class B or Class C areas: the laser cleaning system first removes the anti-fouling coating and topcoat in the Class B area, the spraying system sprays the topcoat on the Class B area, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating.

[0074] Finally, the laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating from the C-level areas, the spraying system sprays anti-fouling paint onto the B and C-level areas, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating.

[0075] When damage involves areas classified as Level A, Level B, or Level C:

[0076] First step: The laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating, topcoat, and primer from the Class A area; the spraying system sprays primer onto the Class A area; and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating.

[0077] Secondly: the laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating and topcoat from the B-level areas, the spraying system sprays topcoat onto the A and B-level areas, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating.

[0078] Finally: the laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating from C-level areas, the spraying system applies anti-fouling paint to A, B, and C-level areas, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating.

[0079] The primer, topcoat, and antifouling coating can be single-layer paints or multi-layer composite paints.

[0080] Calculate the required quantity of different types of paint for different spraying needs;

[0081] The required paint volume is calculated based on the area and paint layer thickness, using the following formula:

[0082] V 底漆 =S A ×h A ;

[0083] V 面漆 =(S A +S B )×h B ;

[0084] V 防污漆 =(S A +S B +S C )×hC ;

[0085] Where S is the spraying area and h is the spraying thickness.

[0086] By calculating the area where paint can be used, waste caused by unused paint can be avoided, thus achieving the goal of saving paint.

[0087] In this article, the first, second, and third coats of paint can all be multi-layered composite paints; for example, the topcoat layer can be further subdivided into B1 topcoat layer, B2 topcoat layer, B3 topcoat layer, B4 topcoat layer...B i For topcoat layers, if different topcoat coatings are used, multiple operations can be performed on S2 in step 5 to achieve the removal, spraying, and drying of multiple topcoat layers. The same applies to multi-layer composite primer layers and anti-fouling coatings.

[0088] When calculating the volume of multi-layer composite paint;

[0089] Again, taking the above-mentioned multi-layer paint layer as an example;

[0090] B1 topcoat layer, B2 topcoat layer, B3 topcoat layer, B4 topcoat layer...B i The volumes used for the topcoat layers are as follows:

[0091] V B1面漆 =(S A +S B1 )×h B1 ;

[0092] V B2面漆 =(S A +S B1 +S B2 )×h B2 ;

[0093] V B3面漆 =(S A +S B1 +S B2 +S B3 )×h B3 ;

[0094] V B4面漆 =(S A +S B1 +S B2 +S B3 +S B4 )×h B4 ;

[0095] V Bi面漆 =(S A +S B1 +S B2 +S B3 +SB4 +S Bi )×h Bi ;

[0096] In drying systems: Diode laser drying is a widely used, low-cost, and environmentally friendly alternative to convection oven drying. By radiating a large area up to 2m laterally through a uniform spot, virtually any material with sufficient absorption for the laser wavelength can be dried. The laser beam heats only the coating, thus achieving targeted solvent evaporation or even sintering on the workpiece. The laser radiation used operates in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral range, more precisely, with wavelengths between approximately 900-1070 nm, or approximately 445 nm when using a blue diode. Due to its ease of integration into existing machine solutions, fiber-guided high-power diode laser systems with output power ranging from 1-50 kW are typically used.

[0097] This invention addresses the issue of large metal surfaces requiring cleaning by employing a two-stage segmentation and merging process. It introduces visual recognition, utilizing an image recognition sensor combined with a 3D contour measuring instrument to identify areas of coating damage and depression. Based on the degree of damage, the surfaces are categorized into different levels, allowing for refined solutions for each zone. This eliminates the need for a complete cleaning and repainting of the entire ship, significantly shortening the processing cycle and effectively saving time and labor costs. Furthermore, the amount of paint needed during the cleaning and repair process is calculated to prevent waste and conserve paint. Additionally, adjacent surfaces of the same level are merged, consolidating the processing and improving both efficiency and quality.

[0098] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for zoned and layered laser cleaning of ships, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: Step 1: Input the surface parameters to be cleaned, including: number of paint layers, paint layer thickness, and substrate roughness; Step 2: Divide the surface to be cleaned into sections for the first time; Step 3: Assess the corrosion level of each zone; The specific steps include: S1: Based on the input from step one, first determine the thickness of the coating layer; S2: The paint surface is identified and classified using an image recognition sensor. Specific operations include: a) For areas where the underlying metal oxide has been exposed, define these areas as primer damage and output the area's location coordinates. b. For areas where the underlying metal oxide is not exposed, a 3D profile measuring instrument is used to construct the surface morphology of the area, identify the damaged and recessed areas of the coating, and obtain the location coordinates and depth parameters of the recessed areas. The degree of rust is determined by comparing the measured pit depth with the known paint thickness. The specific criteria for assessing corrosion levels are as follows: Based on the degree of damage, the areas are divided into Grade A, Grade B, and Grade C areas, respectively. Grade A area: First coat of paint, primer layer damaged, first coat of paint needs to be removed; Grade B area: The second coat of paint is damaged and needs to be removed. Grade C area: The third coat of paint and the anti-fouling coating are damaged and need to be removed. Step 4: Optimize the zoning based on the evaluation results, i.e., merge neighboring zones of the same level; Step 5: Output specific solutions: The laser cleaning system removes the old paint layer, the spraying system sprays a new paint layer, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the new paint layer; The specific solutions include the following: When only the C-level area is damaged: the laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating from the C-level area, the spraying system sprays anti-fouling paint onto the C-level area, and the drying system dries the coating using laser heat treatment technology. When damage is involved in Class B or Class C areas: the laser cleaning system first removes the anti-fouling coating and topcoat in the Class B area, the spraying system sprays the topcoat on the Class B area, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating. Finally, the laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating from the C-level areas, the spraying system sprays anti-fouling paint onto the B and C-level areas, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating. When damage involves areas classified as Level A, Level B, or Level C: First step: The laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating, topcoat, and primer from the Class A area; the spraying system sprays primer onto the Class A area; and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating. Secondly: the laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating and topcoat from the B-level areas, the spraying system sprays topcoat onto the A and B-level areas, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating. Finally: the laser cleaning system removes the anti-fouling coating from C-level areas, the spraying system applies anti-fouling paint to A, B, and C-level areas, and the drying system uses laser heat treatment technology to dry the coating.

2. The method for partitioned and layered laser cleaning of ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the A-level area is damaged, after all the paint layers in the A-level area are removed, the surface to which the primer layer is attached is roughened according to the input substrate roughness.

3. The method for zoned and layered laser cleaning of ships according to claim 2, characterized in that: The primer, topcoat, and antifouling coating can be single-layer paints or multi-layer composite paints.

4. The method for zoned and layered laser cleaning of ships according to claim 3, characterized in that: Calculate the required quantity of different types of paint for different spraying needs; The required paint volume is calculated based on the area and paint layer thickness, using the following formula: V 底漆 =S A ×h A ; V 面漆 =(S A +S B )×h B ; V 防污漆 =(S A +S B +S C )×h C ; Where S is the spraying area and h is the spraying thickness.

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