Shaped glass sheet, glass sheet shaping method, glass sheet shaping device, and vehicle

Abstract

This application provides a shaped glass plate, a glass plate forming method, a glass plate forming apparatus, and a vehicle. The shaped glass plate has a first curvature in a first direction and a second curvature in a second direction, the first and second directions being perpendicular to each other. The shaped glass plate includes a first support position located at an edge bend and a second support position located between two adjacent edge bends, the second support position being formed before the first support position. The arc depth d per meter along the first direction of the shaped glass plate is 30mm / m ≤ d ≤ 80mm / m; the arc depth D per meter along the second direction of the shaped glass plate is 25mm / m ≤ D ≤ 60mm / m. This results in a shaped glass with a smaller curvature trend opposite to the arc depth direction, suitable for applications such as windshields, rear windshields, sunroofs, and side windows of vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle parts manufacturing technology, and in particular to a glass plate forming method, a glass plate forming apparatus, a formed glass plate, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Vehicles have always been one of the most important means of transportation in human society. As people's requirements for the functionality of vehicles increase, the area occupied by glass on vehicles is also getting larger, the shape and design of glass are becoming more and more complex, and the requirements for the optical refraction of glass are becoming more and more stringent.

[0003] To achieve a curved glass design, the glass manufacturing process typically includes processes such as heating and pressing. As a result, during the forming process, the glass is prone to bending at the edges and other parts in the opposite direction to the curvature, leading to optical distortion at the edges of the formed glass sheet. Furthermore, the greater the curvature of the glass, the more severe the deformation problem becomes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application discloses a molded glass plate that can avoid the glass from bending in the opposite direction of the arc depth during the manufacturing process and solve the technical problem of poor optical refractive properties.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a molded glass plate having a first curvature in a first direction and a second curvature in a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0006] The formed glass plate includes a first support position located at the edge bend and a second support position located between two adjacent edge bends, wherein the second support position begins forming before the first support position;

[0007] The arc depth d per meter along the first direction of the shaped glass plate is 30mm / m≤d≤80mm / m;

[0008] The arc depth D per meter along the second direction of the shaped glass plate is 25mm / m≤D≤60mm / m.

[0009] Optionally, the first smoothness of the molded glass plate along the first direction is less than or equal to 30°, and the second smoothness of the molded glass plate along the second direction is less than or equal to 30°.

[0010] Optionally, when the arc depth per meter of the formed glass plate along the second direction is 25mm / m≤D<40mm / m, the arc depth per meter d of the formed glass plate along the first direction and the arc depth per meter D of the formed glass plate along the second direction satisfy 0.3≤D / d≤1.4;

[0011] Alternatively, when the arc depth per meter of the formed glass plate along the second direction is 40mm / m≤D≤60mm / m, the arc depth per meter d of the formed glass plate along the first direction and the arc depth per meter D of the formed glass plate along the second direction satisfy 0.5≤D / d≤2.

[0012] Optionally, the length of the shaped glass plate in the first direction is greater than its length in the second direction.

[0013] Optionally, the second curvature is greater than the first curvature.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides a method for forming a glass plate, the method comprising:

[0015] A glass plate is provided and heated to a forming temperature, wherein the glass plate includes a first support position located at an edge bend and a second support position located between two adjacent edge bends;

[0016] The glass plate, heated to the forming temperature, is placed between the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold;

[0017] The lower forming mold first supports the second support position and cooperates with the upper forming mold to press the second support position together. After a preset time, the lower forming mold then supports the first support position and cooperates with the upper forming mold to press the first support position and the second support position together.

[0018] A shaped glass plate is obtained.

[0019] Optionally, the preset time is 0.1s to 0.6s.

[0020] Optionally, the total pressing time of the lower forming mold and the glass plate is 1s to 6s.

[0021] Thirdly, this application also provides a glass plate forming apparatus, the glass plate forming apparatus including an upper forming mold and a lower forming mold, the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold being disposed opposite to each other, the lower forming mold providing support for at least the edge of the glass plate, the lower forming mold including a first support structure providing support for the bend of the edge of the glass plate, and a second support structure providing support for the glass plate located between two adjacent bends of the edge, the first support structure and the second support structure being movable relative to each other.

[0022] Optionally, the lower forming mold further includes a carrier, which is integrally formed with the first support structure or the second support structure.

[0023] Optionally, the lower forming mold has a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side. One end of the first side is bent and connected to the second side, and the other end is bent and connected to the fourth side. One end of the third side is bent and connected to the second side, and the other end is bent and connected to the fourth side. The first side and the third side are arranged opposite to each other. The second support structure is disposed in the middle of the first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side, and extends to both sides respectively. The first support structure is disposed on both sides of the first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side respectively.

[0024] Optionally, the glass plate forming device further includes a control component, which is connected to the first support structure and the second support structure respectively, and controls the first support structure and the second support structure to press against the upper forming mold at different times.

[0025] Optionally, the control component controls the second support structure to press against the upper forming mold, and after a preset time, the control component controls the first support structure to press against the upper forming mold.

[0026] Optionally, the molding device further includes a processing chamber, which includes a molding section, a heating section, and a transmission section. The upper molding die and the lower molding die are disposed on opposite sides of the molding section. The heating section is located before the molding section, and the transmission section is located after the molding section.

[0027] The glass plate forming apparatus further includes:

[0028] A heating element and a conveying element, wherein the heating element and the conveying element are disposed in the heating section, the heating element is used to heat the glass plate, and the conveying element is used to convey the glass plate from the heating section to the forming section; and

[0029] A cooling assembly is disposed in the forming section and is used to cool the formed glass plate.

[0030] The transmission component is also disposed in the transmission section for transmitting the cooled shaped glass plate.

[0031] Fourthly, this application also provides a vehicle including a frame and a molded glass plate as described in the first aspect, the frame being used to carry the molded glass plate. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of a molded glass plate provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of glass plate forming wrinkles in a simulation model provided for one embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a glass plate forming method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a top view of a glass plate provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the frame of a glass plate forming apparatus provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a top view of the lower molding die provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the frame of a glass plate forming apparatus provided for another embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a top view of a vehicle provided for one embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the first and second reflective corrugations projected onto the surface of the molded glass plate provided in this application.

[0042] Figure 10 A schematic diagram illustrating the first method for obtaining smoothness provided in this application.

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals: First direction - D1, Second direction - D2, Formed glass plate - 1, Glass plate forming device - 2, Processing chamber - 21, Forming section - 211, Heating section - 212, Transmission section - 213, Upper forming mold - 22, Lower forming mold - 23, Carrier - 231, First support structure - 232, Second support structure - 233, First side - 234, Second side - 235, Third side - 236, Fourth side - 237, Control component - 24, Heating component - 25, Transmission component - 26, Cooling component - 27, Glass plate - 3, First support position - 31, Second support position - 32, Vehicle - 4, Frame - 41. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] This application provides a molded glass plate 1, please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of a molded glass plate provided in one embodiment of this application. The molded glass plate 1 has a first curvature in a first direction D1 and a second curvature in a second direction D2, wherein the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are perpendicular to each other.

[0046] In some embodiments, the first curvature and the second curvature cause the molded glass plate 1 to approximately form a spherical surface. In some specific embodiments, the first direction D1 of the molded glass plate 1 can be the length direction of the glass plate, i.e., the longitudinal direction; the second direction D2 can be the width direction of the glass plate, i.e., the transverse direction. The first curvature refers to the curvature obtained by measuring the two edges of the molded glass plate that are parallel or approximately parallel to the first direction D1. If the curvatures of the two edges are not the same, the one with the larger curvature value is taken as the first curvature of the first direction D1. The second curvature refers to the curvature obtained by measuring the two edges of the molded glass plate that are parallel or approximately parallel to the second direction D2. If the curvatures of the two edges are not the same, the one with the larger curvature value is taken as the first curvature of the second direction D2. Wherein, the first curvature refers to the curvature of the arc located at the edge position on the first direction D1 of the molded glass plate 1. In some embodiments, when the arc located at the edge position on the first direction D1 of the molded glass plate 1 has multiple curvatures, the first curvature can be the average curvature of the arc. The second curvature refers to the curvature of the arc located at the edge position on the second direction D2 of the molded glass plate 1. In some embodiments, when the arc located at the edge position on the second direction D2 of the molded glass plate 1 has multiple curvatures, the second curvature can be the average curvature of the arc.

[0047] The formed glass plate 1 includes a first support position located at the edge bend and a second support position located between two adjacent edge bends, wherein the second support position begins to be formed before the first support position;

[0048] In some embodiments, the first smoothness of the shaped glass plate along the first direction is less than or equal to 30°; in some further embodiments, the first smoothness is less than or equal to 25°; in some preferred embodiments, the first smoothness is less than or equal to 20°; in some other embodiments, the first smoothness may be less than or equal to 10°; the first smoothness may be less than or equal to 5°; or the first smoothness may be less than or equal to 3°.

[0049] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the first smoothness is: a plurality of first reflective ripple lines extending approximately along a first direction are projected onto the surface of the molded glass plate, wherein, as... Figure 10 As shown, take any point Xi on the first reflection ripple line, and take two adjacent points X on the same first reflection ripple line. i-1 and X i+1 Calculate line segment X i X i-1 and line segment X i X i+1 The value of the included angle α between the two points is taken as the supplementary angle of the included angle α at point X. i The first smoothness.

[0050] like Figure 9 As shown, due to the curvature of the molded glass surface, the first reflective ripple line observed on the molded glass surface will appear curved. Ideally, when the first reflective ripple line is separated by a small distance, the included angle α between adjacent line segments should approach 180°; in other words, the supplementary angle α should approach 0. However, in reality, due to the curvature of the molded glass itself and the selected line segment X... i X i-1 and line segment X i X i+1 Due to the influence of the length, it is reasonable for the first smoothness of the shaped glass plate (i.e., the supplementary angle of the included angle α) to be below 20°. Among them, line segment X... i X i-1 and line segment X i X i+1 The length of line segment X is related to the size of the grid formed by the first and second reflection ripple lines. i X i-1 and line segment X i X i+1 The length of line segment X in this application is between 1 and 15 mm. i X i-1 and line segment X i X i+1 The length can be 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, or 15 mm.

[0051] However, in some embodiments, the molded glass sheet may experience localized unevenness due to the molding process (especially at the edges). This causes the angle α between adjacent segments of the first reflective ripple line in the localized area to decrease, while the supplementary angle α increases. This increase in the supplementary angle is difficult to observe with the naked eye due to the transparency of the glass itself. However, through repeated verification, it was found that when the first reflective ripple line is at any point X... i When the first smoothness (i.e., the supplementary angle of the included angle α) is greater than 30°, the surface of the formed glass plate will have poor refraction, that is, the reflected light on the surface of the formed glass plate will be greatly distorted. Therefore, the first smoothness of the formed glass plate along the first direction is less than or equal to 30°, which can enable the formed glass plate to have relatively good refraction performance in the first direction.

[0052] In some embodiments, the second smoothness of the shaped glass plate along the second direction is less than or equal to 30°; in some further embodiments, the first smoothness is less than or equal to 25°; in some preferred embodiments, the first smoothness is less than or equal to 20°; in some other embodiments, the second smoothness may be less than or equal to 10°, the second smoothness may be less than or equal to 5°, or the second smoothness may be less than or equal to 3°.

[0053] like Figure 9 As shown, the second smoothness is: several second reflective corrugated lines extending approximately along the second direction are projected onto the surface of the molded glass plate, wherein a point Y is randomly selected on the second reflective corrugated line. i Take two adjacent points Y before and after the same second reflection ripple line. i-1 and Y i+1 Calculate line segment Y i Y i-1 and line segment Y i Y i+1 The angle β between the two points is taken as the supplementary angle of the angle β at point Y. i The second smoothness.

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, due to the curvature of the molded glass surface, the second reflective corrugation line observed on the molded glass surface will appear curved. Ideally, when the second reflective corrugation line is separated by a small distance, the included angle β between adjacent line segments should approach 180°; in other words, the supplementary angle β should approach 0. However, in reality, due to the curvature of the molded glass itself and the selected line segment Y... i Y i-1 and line segment Y i Y i+1 Due to the influence of the length, it is reasonable for the second smoothness of the shaped glass plate (i.e., the supplementary angle of the included angle β) to be below 20°. Among them, line segment Y... i Y i-1 and line segment Y i Y i+1 The length of line segment Y is related to the size of the grid formed by the first and second reflection ripple lines. i Y i-1 and line segment Y i Y i+1 The length of line segment Y in this application is between 1 and 15 mm. i Y i-1 and line segment Y i Y i+1 The length can be 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, or 15 mm.

[0055] However, in some embodiments, the molded glass sheet may experience localized unevenness due to the molding process (especially at the edges). This causes a decrease in the angle β between adjacent segments of the second reflective corrugation line in the localized area, while the supplementary angle of β increases. This increase in the supplementary angle is difficult to observe with the naked eye due to the transparency of the glass itself. However, through repeated verification, it was found that when the second reflective corrugation line is at any point Y... iWhen the second smoothness (i.e., the supplementary angle of the included angle β) is greater than 30°, the surface of the formed glass plate will have poor refraction, that is, the reflected light on the surface of the formed glass plate will be greatly distorted. Therefore, the second smoothness of the formed glass plate along the second direction is less than or equal to 30°, which can enable the formed glass plate to have relatively good refraction performance in the second direction.

[0056] The distance between the projection background forming the first and second reflective wavy lines and the center point of the formed glass plate can be selected as 1400mm, the spacing between adjacent first reflective wavy lines in the projection background can be selected as 30mm, and the spacing between adjacent second reflective wavy lines can be selected as 30mm.

[0057] Furthermore, by constructing a simulation model of the formed glass plate, the effects of increasing the first or second smoothness can be represented more intuitively. For example, the forming wrinkles in the simulation model in the first direction D1 or the second direction D2 can represent the bending trend that occurs in the direction opposite to the arc depth during the forming process.

[0058] During the glass plate forming process, it is affected by a first curvature and a second curvature. If the first and second support positions begin forming simultaneously, a localized area at the edge of the glass plate will be subjected to inward compression, resulting in a bending trend opposite to the arc depth direction during the forming process. In the simulation model, this bending trend during the forming process can be represented by localized forming wrinkles, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the dashed part represents the edge shape of the glass plate when there are no forming wrinkles, and the solid part represents the shape of the glass plate edge with forming wrinkles in the simulation model. h represents the height of the forming wrinkle at this position. Forming wrinkles will appear in both the first direction D1 and the second direction D2.

[0059] In actual formed glass plates, due to the pressure of the upper and lower molds during the forming process, this local bending cannot be directly observed. However, a certain degree of optical distortion will appear at the edge of the formed glass plate. Theoretically, the greater the local bending tendency, the more severe the optical distortion at the edge of the formed glass plate. Generally speaking, when the height of the formed wrinkles obtained in the simulation model is greater than 8mm, the optical distortion at the edge of the actual formed glass plate is unacceptable.

[0060] In this application, the second support position starts to be formed before the first support position. During the bending process of the second support position, the bending trend will tend to transition towards the vicinity of the first support position. Also, since the first support position is the bending point of the formed glass plate, the bending trend will decrease or become smaller. In the simulation model, this is manifested as a decrease in the height h of the formed wrinkles. For the actual formed glass plate, it means that the degree of optical distortion at the edge position decreases or even disappears.

[0061] The arc depth d per meter of the formed glass plate in the first direction is 30 mm / m ≤ d ≤ 80 mm / m; wherein, in some specific embodiments, the arc depth d per meter of the formed glass plate in the first direction refers to the arc depth per meter obtained by measuring the two side edges of the formed glass plate that are parallel or substantially parallel to the first direction D1. If the arc depths per meter of the two side edges are different, the larger arc depth value per meter is taken as the arc depth d in the first direction. Among them, in some further embodiments, the arc depth d per meter of the formed glass plate in the first direction can be divided according to its arc depth range. For example, when the arc depth d per meter of the formed glass plate in the first direction is in the range of 30 ≤ d ≤ 55, in the first direction, the height h of the formed wrinkles in the simulation model is ≤ 2; when the arc depth d per meter of the formed glass plate in the first direction is in the range of 55 < d ≤ 60, in the first direction, the height h of the formed wrinkles in the simulation model is ≤ 3; when the arc depth d per meter of the formed glass plate in the first direction is in the range of 60 < d ≤ 80, in the first direction, the height h of the formed wrinkles in the simulation model is ≤ 5.

[0062] The arc depth D per meter of the formed glass plate in the second direction is 25 mm / m ≤ D ≤ 60 mm / m; wherein, in some specific embodiments, the arc depth D per meter of the formed glass plate in the second direction refers to the arc depth per meter obtained by measuring the two side edges of the formed glass plate that are parallel or substantially parallel to the second direction D2. If the arc depths per meter of the two side edges are different, the larger arc depth value per meter is taken as the arc depth D in the second direction. Among them, in some further embodiments, the arc depth D per meter of the formed glass plate in the second direction can be divided according to its arc depth range. For example, when the arc depth D per meter of the formed glass plate in the second direction is in the range of 25 ≤ D ≤ 30, in the second direction, the height H of the formed wrinkles in the simulation model is ≤ 2; when the arc depth D per meter of the formed glass plate in the second direction is in the range of 30 < D ≤ 40, in the second direction, the height H of the formed wrinkles in the simulation model is ≤ 3; when the arc depth D per meter of the formed glass plate in the second direction is in the range of 40 < D ≤ 60, in the second direction, the height H of the formed wrinkles in the simulation model is ≤ 5.

[0063] In some embodiments, when the arc depth per meter of the formed glass plate along the second direction is 25 mm / m ≤ D < 40 mm / m, the arc depth per meter d of the formed glass plate along the first direction and the arc depth per meter D of the formed glass plate along the second direction satisfy 0.3 ≤ D / d ≤ 1.4.

[0064] Alternatively, when the arc depth per meter of the formed glass plate along the second direction is 40mm / m≤D≤60mm / m, the arc depth per meter d of the formed glass plate along the first direction and the arc depth per meter D of the formed glass plate along the second direction satisfy 0.5≤D / d≤2.

[0065] In some embodiments, when the arc depth per meter of the formed glass plate along the second direction is 25 mm / m ≤ D < 40 mm / m, the second curvature is greater than the first curvature. Therefore, at the location of the second curvature, the edge of the formed glass plate is likely to have optical distortion. To avoid excessive optical distortion along the first direction that would render the overall optical condition of the formed glass plate unacceptable, a ratio of 0.3 ≤ D / d ≤ 1.4 for the arc depth per meter of the first direction and the arc depth per meter of the second direction is preferred. Similarly, when the arc depth per meter of the formed glass plate along the second direction is 40 mm / m ≤ D ≤ 60 mm / m, the second curvature is greater than the first curvature in some embodiments. Therefore, at the location of the second curvature, the edge of the formed glass plate is likely to have optical distortion. To avoid excessive optical distortion along the first direction that would render the overall optical condition of the formed glass plate unacceptable, a ratio of 0.5 ≤ D / d ≤ 2 for the arc depth per meter of the first direction and the arc depth per meter of the second direction is preferred.

[0066] In some embodiments, the length of the molded glass plate in the first direction D1 is greater than its length in the second direction D2. In some specific embodiments, the length of the molded glass plate in the first direction D1 can specifically refer to the maximum length of the molded glass plate in the first direction D1, or it can refer to the chord length corresponding to the arc of one side edge of the arc depth d per meter in the first direction. Specifically, the length in the first direction D1 can be 400mm to 2000mm. In some specific embodiments, the length in the first direction D1 can be 400mm, 500mm, 600mm, 700mm, 800mm, 900mm, 1000mm, 1300mm, 1500mm, 1800mm, 2000mm, etc., and the range of the length in the first direction D1 can also fall within the range formed by any two of the above length values.

[0067] The length of the formed glass plate in the second direction D2 can specifically refer to the maximum length of the formed glass plate in the second direction D2, or it can refer to the chord length corresponding to the arc of one side edge of the arc depth D per meter in the second direction. Specifically, the length in the second direction D2 can be 400mm to 1400mm. In some specific embodiments, the length in the second direction D2 can be 400mm, 500mm, 600mm, 700mm, 800mm, 900mm, 1000mm, 1100mm, 1200mm, 1300mm, 1400mm, etc., and the range of the length in the second direction D2 can also fall within the range formed by any two of the above length values.

[0068] In some embodiments, the second curvature is greater than the first curvature. The second curvature can be in the range of 400 / m to 3000 / m. In some specific embodiments, the second curvature can be 400 / m, 500 / m, 600 / m, 700 / m, 800 / m, 900 / m, 1000 / m, 1300 / m, 1500 / m, 1800 / m, 2000 / m, 2200 / m, 2400 / m, 2600 / m, 2800 / m, or 3000 / m. Furthermore, the second curvature can also fall within the range formed by any two of the above curvature values. The first curvature can be in the range of 400 / m to 3000 / m. In some specific embodiments, the first curvature can be 400 / m, 500 / m, 600 / m, 700 / m, 800 / m, 900 / m, 1000 / m, 1300 / m, 1500 / m, 1800 / m, 2000 / m, 2200 / m, 2400 / m, 2600 / m, 2800 / m, or 3000 / m. In addition, the first curvature can also fall within the range formed by any two of the above curvature values.

[0069] This application also provides a method for forming a glass plate, which can be referred to in conjunction with the application. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of a glass plate forming method according to an embodiment of this application. The glass plate forming method includes steps S301, S302, S303, and S304, wherein the detailed descriptions of steps S301, S302, S303, and S304 are as follows.

[0070] S301, a glass plate is provided and the glass plate is heated to a forming temperature, wherein the glass plate includes a first support position located at an edge bend and a second support position located between two adjacent edge bends;

[0071] S302, the glass plate heated to the forming temperature is placed between the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold;

[0072] S303, the lower forming mold first supports the second support position and cooperates with the upper forming mold to press the second support position together. After a preset time, the lower forming mold then supports the first support position and cooperates with the upper forming mold to press the first support position and the second support position together.

[0073] S304, to obtain the shaped glass plate.

[0074] Specifically, please refer to the following: Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of a glass plate provided in one embodiment of this application. Typically, the glass plate 3 has a roughly rectangular outline and four bends at its edges, namely the first support position 31 and the second support position 32. It should be noted that to give the formed glass plate 1 a certain curvature to suit different application scenarios, the unformed glass plate 3 is first heated to increase its plasticity, and then pressed to change its shape, forming the formed glass plate 1. It is understood that the required shape of the glass plate 3 will vary depending on the application scenario. For example, glass used in vehicles mainly includes windshields, rear windshields, sunroofs, and side windows. Windshields are usually heat-strengthened glass, which is thin, has low strength, and low surface stress; while rear windshields, side windows, and sunroofs mostly use tempered glass, which is thick, has high strength, and high surface stress.

[0075] It should be noted that this application uses a glass plate forming apparatus 2 to prepare the formed glass plate 1 using the glass plate forming method. This application also provides a glass plate forming apparatus 2, which can be referred to in conjunction with the description. Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a glass plate forming apparatus frame provided in one embodiment of this application. The glass plate forming apparatus 2 includes an upper forming mold 22 and a lower forming mold 23. The upper forming mold 22 and the lower forming mold 23 are disposed opposite to each other. The lower forming mold 23 provides support for at least the edge of the glass plate 3. The lower forming mold 23 includes a first support structure 232 that provides support for the bends at the edges of the glass plate 3, and a second support structure 233 that provides support for the glass plate 3 between two adjacent bends at the edges. The first support structure 232 and the second support structure 233 are movable relative to each other.

[0076] It should be noted that the relative mobility of the first support structure 232 and the second support structure 233 means that the first support structure 232 and the second support structure 233 are not integrally formed, so that the movements of the first support structure 232 and the second support structure 233 are not synchronized, thereby enabling the first support structure 232 and the second support structure 233 to be pressed against the upper forming mold 22 at different times. In this embodiment, the first support structure 232 and the upper forming mold 22 press against the first support position 31 of the glass plate 3, and the second support structure 233 and the upper forming mold 22 press against the second support position 32 of the glass plate 3.

[0077] During the pressing process of the glass plate 3, the height of the forming wrinkles may vary due to the different curvature shapes of the formed glass plate 3. Please refer again. Figure 4 After being formed, the glass plate 3 needs to have a longitudinal arc depth along the first direction D1 and a transverse arc depth along the second direction D2. The first direction D1 may, but is not limited to, be the same as the vehicle's direction of travel, and the second direction D2 may, but is not limited to, be perpendicular to the first direction D1. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the formed glass plate 1 is transported along the second direction D2 in the glass plate forming device 2.

[0078] During the pressing process of the glass plate 3, the middle part of the lower forming mold 23 contacts the upper forming mold 22 first. When the arc depth of the surface of the glass plate 3 adjacent to the upper forming mold 22 is large, the four corners of the glass plate 3 are higher. After the lower forming mold 23 and the upper forming mold 22 are pressed together, the four corners of the glass plate 3 contact the upper forming mold 22 first compared to the middle part. The bending trend between the two parts is opposite to the arc depth direction. Finally, the refracted light is distorted in the formed glass plate 1 after the upper forming mold 22 and the lower forming mold 23 are pressed together.

[0079] By constructing a simulation model in a computer device, the aforementioned bending trend, opposite to the direction of arc depth, can be represented by the wrinkles on the edge of the glass plate in the simulation model. Using a glass plate forming device from related technologies, when forming begins simultaneously at the first and second support positions of the glass plate, the relevant simulation data shown in Table 1 is obtained. When the arc depth per meter in the lateral direction of the formed glass plate 1 in the simulation model exceeds 25 mm / m and the arc depth per meter in the longitudinal direction exceeds 50 mm / m, forming wrinkles exceeding 8 mm will occur. Corresponding to the actual formed glass plate, this means poor edge smoothness and unacceptable light distortion. Therefore, when processing and preparing sunroof glass for vehicles using the glass plate forming device from related technologies, the arc depth per meter in the lateral direction mostly exceeds 35 mm / m and the arc depth per meter in the longitudinal direction mostly exceeds 50 mm / m, making it difficult to meet the required optical refractive properties of the resulting formed glass plate 1.

[0080] Table 1. Simulation data of the molded glass plate obtained using relevant technologies.

[0081]

[0082] The experimental data in Table 1 above also show that when the arc depth per meter in the lateral direction and the arc depth per meter in the longitudinal direction of the simulation model of the shaped glass plate are relatively large, the lateral forming wrinkle height and the longitudinal wrinkle height of the simulation model are also relatively large.

[0083] Specifically, in one possible implementation, please refer again. Figure 5 The glass plate forming device 2 further includes a control component 24, which is connected to the first support structure 232 and the second support structure 233 respectively, and controls the first support structure 232 and the second support structure 233 to press against the upper forming mold 22 at different times. The control component 24 may include a control unit and a plurality of cylinders, which are connected to the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 respectively, and under the control of the control unit, the plurality of cylinders are operated at different times, so that the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 press against the upper forming mold 22 at different times. This allows the bending trend opposite to the arc depth direction formed during the forming process of the formed glass plate 1 to be extended from the second support position to the first support position, thereby reducing or eliminating the original bending trend, thus improving the optical performance of the formed glass plate 1 and making the shape design that the formed glass plate 1 can achieve more widely.

[0084] It is understood that in this embodiment, the control component 24 controls the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 to press against the upper forming mold 22 at different times, so that the bending tendency of the glass plate 3 generated during the forming process, which is opposite to the arc depth direction, can be extended within the time difference between the pressing of the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 against the upper forming mold 22, thereby improving the optical refractive properties of the formed glass plate 1.

[0085] It is understood that in other possible implementations, the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 may be pressed against the upper forming mold 22 at different times without the control component 24. For example, the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 may be pressed against the upper forming mold 22 at different times by manual operation. This application does not limit this.

[0086] In this embodiment, the preset time range can be 0.1s-0.6s. It should be noted that, in order to ensure production efficiency, the total pressing time of the upper forming mold 22 and the lower forming mold 23, that is, the pressing time of the glass plate 3, should generally not be too long. Under normal circumstances, the total pressing time of the lower forming mold and the lower forming mold on the glass plate is 1s to 6s, and this application does not impose any limitation on this. For example, when the control component 24 controls the lower forming mold 23 and the upper forming mold 22 to press for 5 seconds, the control component 24 controls the lower forming mold 23 and the upper forming mold 22 to press for a relatively long time. In order to ensure that the bending trend of the glass plate 3 generated during the pressing process, which is opposite to the arc depth direction, transitions and extends to the peripheral corner of the glass plate 3, the preset time is relatively short, and the preset time range can be 0.2s-0.3s. When the control component 24 controls the lower forming mold 23 and the upper forming mold 22 to press for 1 second, the control component 24 controls the lower forming mold 23 and the upper forming mold 22 to press for a relatively short time, and the preset time range can be 0.3s-0.5s.

[0087] It is understood that in other possible implementations, the preset time can also be other sizes, as long as it does not affect the control component 24's control of the second support structure 233 to press against the upper forming mold 22, and the control component 24's control of the first support structure 232 to press against the upper forming mold 22 after the preset time. This application does not limit this.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the lateral arc depth of the molded glass plate 1 is less than or equal to 60 mm / m, and the longitudinal arc depth of the molded glass plate 1 is less than or equal to 80 mm / m.

[0089] By constructing a simulation model in a computer device, the aforementioned bending trend opposite to the arc depth direction can be represented by the wrinkles on the edge of the glass plate in the simulation model. Using the glass plate forming device 2 provided in this application to process the glass plate 3, with the second support position of the glass plate starting to form before the first support position, the relevant simulation data shown in Table 2 are obtained. Specifically, when the lateral arc depth per meter of the formed glass plate 1 in the simulation model is less than or equal to 40 mm / m, or the longitudinal arc depth per meter of the formed glass plate 1 in the simulation model is less than or equal to 60 mm / m, the lateral and longitudinal forming wrinkle heights of the formed glass plate 1 in the simulation model are both less than 3 mm. Furthermore, compared to related technologies, the curvature of the formed glass plate 1 can be greater, thereby manufacturing a formed glass plate 1 with a larger curvature shape, reducing the generation of forming wrinkles or lowering the height of the generated forming wrinkles, and improving the optical refractive properties of the formed glass plate 1.

[0090] Table 2. Simulation data of the molded glass plate obtained using the technical solution of this application.

[0091]

[0092] The experimental data in Table 2 above also show that when the arc depth per meter in the lateral direction of the molded glass plate 1 of the simulation model is greater than 40 mm / m and the arc depth per meter in the longitudinal direction of the molded glass plate 1 of the simulation model is greater than 60 mm / m, the lateral molding wrinkle height and the longitudinal molding wrinkle height of the molded glass plate 1 of the simulation model are still less than 5 mm.

[0093] Furthermore, in one possible implementation, the lateral arc depth per meter of the molded glass plate 1 is greater than or equal to 25 mm / m, and the longitudinal arc depth per meter of the molded glass plate 1 is less than or equal to 50 mm / m. The experimental data in Table 2 above also show that when the lateral arc depth per meter of the molded glass plate 1 is greater than or equal to 25 mm / m, and the longitudinal arc depth per meter of the molded glass plate 1 is less than or equal to 50 mm / m, the lateral and longitudinal molding wrinkle heights of the molded glass plate 1 in the simulation model are still both less than 5 mm.

[0094] In one possible implementation, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figure 6 , Figure 6This is a top view of a lower forming mold provided in one embodiment of this application. The lower forming mold 23 further includes a carrier 231, which is integrally formed with the first support structure 232 or the second support structure 233.

[0095] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 are spaced apart. In other words, there is a certain gap between the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232, allowing the first and second support structures 233 and the first support structure 232 to move relative to each other. This provides space for the glass plate 3 to extend due to its bending tendency opposite to the arc depth direction during the forming process. The carrier 231 is used to support the glass plate 3. The carrier 231 is integrally formed with the first support structure 232 or the second support structure 233. When the carrier 231 moves towards the upper forming mold 22, it drives the first support structure 232 or the second support structure 233 to move together towards the upper forming mold 22 and press the glass plate 3 together, without affecting the relative movement of the first support structure 232 and the second support structure 233.

[0096] For example, when the control component 24 controls the second support structure 233 to press against the upper forming mold 22 first, the glass plate 3 is squeezed by the second support structure 233 and the upper forming mold 22, causing the bending trend of the glass plate 3 opposite to the arc depth direction to be squeezed along the second support structure 233 to both sides of the second support structure 233. That is, the bending trend opposite to the arc depth direction is temporarily located between the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232. Afterwards, when the control component 24 controls the first support structure 232 to press against the upper forming mold 22, the bending trend opposite to the arc depth direction located between the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 can be extended, thereby reducing or even eliminating the bending trend opposite to the arc depth direction and improving the optical refractive properties of the formed glass plate 1. The implementation method of the control component 24 controlling the first support structure 232 to press against the upper forming mold 22 first and then controlling the second support structure 233 to press against the upper forming mold 22 is the same, and will not be described again in this application.

[0097] Furthermore, it should be noted that since the glass plate 3 will bend and deform under its own weight after heating, when the glass plate 3 is placed on the carrier 231, the side adjacent to the upper forming mold 22 is usually closer to the upper forming mold 22 at the periphery than at the center. Therefore, during the pressing process of the glass plate 3, the portion that is prone to bending in the opposite direction of the arc depth is located on the periphery of the glass plate 3. Therefore, in this embodiment, the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 are arranged around the carrier 231, that is, the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 are respectively arranged on the periphery of the glass plate 3 that is prone to bending in the opposite direction of the arc depth during the pressing process.

[0098] It is understood that in other possible embodiments, the lower forming mold 23 may not include the carrier 231, that is, the lower forming mold 23 is hollow, and the first support structure 232 and the second support structure 233 are arranged around the periphery of the glass plate 3 and used to support the glass plate 3. This application does not limit this.

[0099] In one possible implementation, please refer again. Figure 6 The lower forming mold 23 has a first side 234, a second side 235, a third side 236, and a fourth side 237. One end of the first side 234 is bent and connected to the second side 235, and the other end is bent and connected to the fourth side 237. One end of the third side 236 is bent and connected to the second side 235, and the other end is bent and connected to the fourth side 237. The first side 234 and the third side 236 are arranged opposite to each other. The second support structure 233 is disposed in the middle of the first side 234, the second side 235, the third side 236, and the fourth side 237, and extends to both sides respectively. The first support structure 232 is disposed on both sides of the first side 234, the second side 235, the third side 236, and the fourth side 237 respectively.

[0100] It should be noted that, since the glass plate 3 will bend and deform under its own weight after heating, when the glass plate 3 is placed on the carrier 231, the portion on the side of the upper forming mold 22 corresponding to both sides of the first edge 234 is closer to the upper forming mold 22 than the portion corresponding to the middle of the first edge 234. During the pressing process of the glass plate 3, the portions corresponding to both sides and the middle of the first edge 234 are more likely to bend in the opposite direction to the arc depth. Therefore, in this embodiment, the second support structure 233 is disposed in the middle of the first edge 234 and extends to both sides, and the first support structure 232 is disposed on both sides of the first edge 234, thereby improving the optical refractive properties of the formed glass plate 1. Similarly, in this embodiment, the second support structure 233 is disposed in the middle of the second side portion 235, the third side portion 236 and the fourth side portion 237, and extends to both sides respectively, and the first support structure 232 is disposed on both sides of the second side portion 235, the third side portion 236 and the fourth side portion 237 respectively.

[0101] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the second support structure 233 disposed on the first side 234, the second side 235, the third side 236, and the fourth side 237 is a whole. The first support structure 232 disposed on both sides of the first side 234 is connected to the first support structure 232 disposed on one side of the second side 235 and the fourth side 237, respectively. The first support structure 232 disposed on both sides of the third side 236 is connected to the first support structure 232 disposed on one side of the second side 235 and the fourth side 237, respectively. This allows the bending trend opposite to the arc depth direction to extend along the diagonal direction, thereby improving the optical refractive properties of the molded glass plate 1.

[0102] It is understood that in other possible implementations, the second support structure 233 disposed on the first side 234, the second side 235, the third side 236 and the fourth side 237 may not be a whole, and the first support structure 232 disposed on the first side 234, the second side 235, the third side 236 and the fourth side 237 may not be connected. This application does not limit this.

[0103] In one possible implementation, the control component 24 controls the second support structure 233 to press against the upper forming mold 22, and after a preset time, the control component 24 controls the first support structure 232 to press against the upper forming mold 22.

[0104] Specifically, since the multiple cylinders are respectively connected to the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232, the control unit can control the multiple cylinders to work at different times, so that the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 can be pressed with the upper forming mold 22 at different times.

[0105] It is understandable that, due to the bending deformation of the glass plate 3 under its own weight after heating, the side of the glass plate 3 adjacent to the upper forming mold 22 is usually closer to the upper forming mold 22 at the periphery than at the center. In this embodiment, the control component 24 controls the second support structure 233 to press against the upper forming mold 22 first, and after the preset time, controls the first support structure 232 to press against the upper forming mold 22. This effectively transitions and extends the bending trend opposite to the arc depth direction towards the peripheral corners of the formed glass plate 1, thereby improving the optical refractive properties of the formed glass plate 1. In other possible embodiments, the formed glass plate 1 may also have other curvature shapes. In this case, the control component 24 can control the first support structure 232 to press against the upper forming mold 22 first, and after the preset time, control the second support structure 233 to press against the upper forming mold 22. This application does not limit this.

[0106] In one possible implementation, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a glass plate forming apparatus frame according to another embodiment of this application. The glass plate forming apparatus 2 further includes a processing chamber 21, which includes a forming section 211, a heating section 212, and a transfer section 213. The upper forming mold and the lower forming mold 23 are disposed on opposite sides of the forming section 211. The heating section 212 is located before the forming section 211, and the transfer section 213 is located after the forming section 211. The glass plate forming apparatus 2 also includes a heating element 25, a transfer element 26, and a cooling assembly 27. The heating element 25 and the transfer element 26 are disposed in the heating section 212. The heating element 25 is used to heat the glass plate 3, and the transfer element 26 is used to transfer the glass plate 3 from the heating section 212 to the forming section 211. The cooling assembly 27 is disposed in the forming section 211 and is used to cool the formed glass plate 1. The transfer element 26 is also disposed in the transfer section 213 and is used to transfer the cooled formed glass plate 1.

[0107] Specifically, the heating element 25 can be a heating wire, disposed on opposite sides of the transmission element 26. The transmission element 26 can be a transmission roller. It is understood that the distance between two adjacent transmission elements 26 is less than the distance between the corresponding ends of the glass plate 3, thereby enabling the glass plate 3 to be transported on the transmission element 26. When the glass plate 3 is transported on the transmission element 26, the heating elements 25 distributed on opposite sides of the transmission element 26 uniformly heat the glass plate 3. The heating temperature, heating time, and other heating conditions will vary depending on the needs of the glass plate 3, and this application does not impose any limitations on this. The cooling assembly 27 can include an air grid, and the cooling assembly 27 is used to rapidly cool the formed glass plate 1.

[0108] The glass plate 3 is transferred via the transfer member 26 to the carrier 231 of the lower forming mold 23, and then pressed and shaped by the upper forming mold 22 and the lower forming mold 23 to form the shaped glass plate 1. After the cooling component 27 cools the shaped glass plate 1, the transfer member 26 further cools and transfers the shaped glass plate 1, and finally the processing is completed, forming a windshield, rear windshield, sunroof, side window, etc. for use in vehicles.

[0109] It is understood that in other possible implementations, the processing chamber 21 is not necessary, and the shaped glass plate 1 can be prepared by furnace forming, and this application does not limit this.

[0110] This application also provides a vehicle 4, please refer to it as well. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a top view of a vehicle according to one embodiment of this application. The vehicle 4 includes a frame 41 and a molded glass plate 1 as described above, the frame 41 being used to support the molded glass plate 1. Specifically, the molded glass plate 1 is described above and will not be repeated here.

[0111] It is understood that in this embodiment, the control component 24 controls the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 to press against the upper forming mold 22 at different times, so that the bending tendency of the glass plate 3 generated during the forming process, which is opposite to the arc depth direction, can be extended within the time difference between the pressing of the second support structure 233 and the first support structure 232 against the upper forming mold 22, thereby improving the optical refractive properties of the formed glass plate 1 and making the glass design applicable to the vehicle 4 more extensive.

[0112] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The above description of the implementation methods is only for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A shaped glass plate, characterized in that, The shaped glass plate has a first curvature in a first direction and a second curvature in a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. The formed glass plate includes a first support position located at the edge bend and a second support position located between two adjacent edge bends, wherein the second support position begins forming before the first support position; The arc depth d per meter along the first direction of the shaped glass plate is 30mm / m≤d≤80mm / m; The arc depth D per meter along the second direction of the shaped glass plate is 25mm / m≤D≤60mm / m; When the arc depth per meter of the formed glass plate along the second direction is 25mm / m≤D<40mm / m, the arc depth per meter d of the formed glass plate along the first direction and the arc depth per meter D of the formed glass plate along the second direction satisfy 0.3≤D / d≤1.4; Alternatively, when the arc depth per meter of the formed glass plate along the second direction is 40mm / m≤D≤60mm / m, the arc depth per meter d of the formed glass plate along the first direction and the arc depth per meter D of the formed glass plate along the second direction satisfy 0.5≤D / d≤2.

2. The molded glass plate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first smoothness of the molded glass plate along the first direction is less than or equal to 30°, and the second smoothness of the molded glass plate along the second direction is less than or equal to 30°.

3. The molded glass sheet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the shaped glass plate in the first direction is greater than its length in the second direction.

4. The molded glass sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The second curvature is greater than the first curvature.

5. A method for forming a glass plate, characterized in that, The glass plate forming method includes: A glass plate is provided and heated to a forming temperature, wherein the glass plate includes a first support position located at an edge bend and a second support position located between two adjacent edge bends; The glass plate, heated to the forming temperature, is placed between the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold; The lower forming mold first supports the second support position and cooperates with the upper forming mold to press the second support position together. After a preset time, the lower forming mold then supports the first support position and cooperates with the upper forming mold to press the first support position and the second support position together. A shaped glass plate as described in any one of claims 1-4 is obtained.

6. The glass plate forming method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The preset time is 0.1s to 0.6s.

7. The glass plate forming method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The total pressing time of the lower forming mold and the glass plate is 1s to 6s.

8. A glass plate forming apparatus, characterized in that, The glass plate forming apparatus includes an upper forming mold and a lower forming mold, which are arranged opposite to each other. The lower forming mold provides support for at least the edge of the glass plate. The lower forming mold includes a first support structure that provides support for the bends at the edges of the glass plate, and a second support structure that provides support for the area between two adjacent bends at the edges of the glass plate. The first support structure and the second support structure are movable relative to each other. The lower forming mold is used to first support the second support position and cooperate with the upper forming mold to press the second support position. After a preset time, the lower forming mold then supports the first support position and cooperates with the upper forming mold to press the first support position and the second support position together, thereby obtaining the formed glass plate as described in any one of claims 1-4.

9. The glass plate forming apparatus as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The lower forming mold also includes a carrier, which is integrally formed with the first support structure or the second support structure.

10. The glass plate forming apparatus as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The lower forming mold has a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side. One end of the first side is bent and connected to the second side, and the other end is bent and connected to the fourth side. One end of the third side is bent and connected to the second side, and the other end is bent and connected to the fourth side. The first side and the third side are arranged opposite to each other. The second support structure is disposed in the middle of the first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side, and extends to both sides respectively. The first support structure is disposed on both sides of the first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side respectively.

11. The glass plate forming apparatus as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The glass plate forming device further includes a control component, which is connected to the first support structure and the second support structure respectively, and controls the first support structure and the second support structure to press against the upper forming mold at different times.

12. The glass plate forming apparatus as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The control component controls the second support structure to press against the upper forming mold, and after a preset time, the control component controls the first support structure to press against the upper forming mold.

13. The glass plate forming apparatus as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The glass plate forming device further includes a processing chamber, which includes a forming section, a heating section, and a conveying section. The upper forming mold and the lower forming mold are arranged on opposite sides of the forming section. The heating section is located before the forming section, and the conveying section is located after the forming section. The glass plate forming apparatus further includes: A heating element and a conveying element are disposed in the heating section. The heating element is used to heat the glass plate, and the conveying element is used to convey the glass plate from the heating section to the forming section. and A cooling assembly is disposed in the forming section and is used to cool the formed glass plate. The transmission component is also disposed in the transmission section for transmitting the cooled shaped glass plate.

14. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a frame and a molded glass plate as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, the frame being used to carry the molded glass plate.

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