Barite concrete for proton hospitals and method of construction thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of proton hospital construction, and particularly discloses a barite concrete for a proton hospital and a construction method thereof. The barite concrete for the proton hospital is made of raw materials containing cement 198-205 parts, fly ash 85-95 parts, slag powder 48-55 parts, steel shots 1100-1150 parts, barite fine aggregate 550-560 parts, barite coarse aggregate 1830-1860 parts, water 150-160 parts, expanding agent 25-30 parts and water reducing agent 10-12 parts. The construction method is as follows: the raw materials are mixed and stirred to obtain a concrete mixture; the concrete partition wall of a proton treatment area is segmented and supported, and the concrete mixture is used for layered pouring; after the pouring is completed, the concrete partition wall of the proton treatment area is maintained with a mold, and after the wall mold is removed, regular heat and moisture maintenance is carried out, so that the construction is completed. The barite concrete has high apparent density, high 7d strength percentage and 28d strength percentage after construction and application, and excellent overall structural stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of proton hospital construction technology, and more specifically, it relates to a barite concrete for proton hospitals and a construction method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of the country's medical standards, proton therapy has gradually become an advanced technology for cancer treatment, and the construction of proton therapy centers in China is also developing rapidly. Proton therapy is a type of radiotherapy. During the treatment process, neutrons generated by the interaction of protons with matter dominate the radiation shielding environment, while gamma rays also require a certain degree of radiation shielding.

[0003] Since neutrons are uncharged, embedding metal plates into partition walls has become the preferred radiation shielding method for many hospitals. However, this method is costly, difficult to construct, and carries a high risk of accidents during hoisting. Therefore, currently, radiation shielding is more commonly achieved using high-density, large-volume radiation-shielding concrete partition walls. Concrete capable of shielding against harmful alpha, beta, gamma, and neutron rays is called radiation-shielding concrete. Currently, the mix design of radiation-shielding concrete is mainly based on research into radiation-shielding cement, admixtures, and aggregates. Barite radiation-shielding concrete, on the other hand, utilizes barite's main component, barium sulfate, to effectively shield radiation. It is prepared from cement-based cementitious materials, barite aggregates, additives, and water.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that while the increased use of barite powder to replace fly ash and other gelling components can gradually increase the apparent density of concrete and achieve a higher apparent density, thereby exhibiting superior radiation protection performance, the 7-day and 28-day strength percentages are poor during the concrete curing process, making it prone to cracking and deformation. This negatively impacts the structural stability of the concrete during use. Therefore, a solution is urgently needed to address these technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make barite concrete have a high apparent density while also having relatively superior 7-day strength percentage and 28-day strength percentage, this application provides barite concrete for proton hospitals and its construction method.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a barite concrete for proton hospitals, employing the following technical solution: A barite concrete for proton hospitals, made from raw materials comprising the following parts by weight:

[0007] 198-205 parts cement;

[0008] 85-95 parts fly ash;

[0009] 48-55 parts of slag powder;

[0010] 1100-1150 parts of steel shot;

[0011] 550-560 parts of barite fine aggregate;

[0012] 1830-1860 parts of barite coarse aggregate;

[0013] 150-160 parts water;

[0014] 25-30 parts of expanding agent;

[0015] 10-12 parts of water-reducing agent.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the main function of barite coarse aggregate is to improve the strength and compressive strength of concrete, increase the load-bearing capacity and impact resistance of the structure, and at the same time increase the impermeability of concrete and prevent the occurrence of hollow areas. The main function of barite fine aggregate is to fill the voids between coarse aggregates in concrete, increase the density and durability of concrete, and at the same time reduce the shrinkage and cracking of concrete. Steel shot has a dense structure and uniform particle size. Under the premise of using barite fine aggregate and barite coarse aggregate in combination, steel shot can replace part of the fine aggregate. Through the synergistic combination of the three, barite concrete with a high apparent density can be obtained. Meanwhile, the presence of steel shot during concrete mixing acts as abrasives for both fine and coarse barite aggregates, facilitating their rapid and stable aggregation with the gel components. Furthermore, during the curing and molding process, the steel shot regulates the internal heat of hydration, efficiently conducting heat through the structural network formed by the fine and coarse barite aggregates. This reduces the heat of hydration in the concrete, controlling the internal and external temperature differences after molding and minimizing temperature cracking. Due to the high strength of the steel shot aggregate, barite concrete exhibits superior 7-day and 28-day strength percentages, thus maintaining excellent structural stability during construction.

[0017] Preferably, the steel shot has a particle size of 75μm-5mm and an apparent density of 2500-4000kg / m³. 3 The fineness modulus is 2.3-3.0.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the steel shot of the above specifications can play a better application effect in actual application. When combined with barite fine aggregate and barite coarse aggregate, barite concrete with high apparent density can be obtained. Furthermore, the barite concrete can have a high 7d strength percentage and 28d strength percentage after construction and application, and the overall structural stability is excellent.

[0019] Preferably, the apparent density of the barite fine aggregate and barite coarse aggregate is 4200-4700 kg / m³. 3 The particle size of barite coarse aggregate is 5-25mm, and the particle size of barite fine aggregate is 75μm-5mm.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the barite fine aggregate and barite coarse aggregate of the above specifications, when combined with steel shot, form a relatively dense and uniform structural network in barite concrete. Furthermore, with the help of steel shot, they can quickly form a structure with the gel components, thus bringing about outstanding application effects during the curing process of barite concrete. The resulting barite concrete not only has a high apparent density, but also a high percentage of 7-day strength and 28-day strength, and exhibits good overall structural stability.

[0021] Preferably, the raw materials of the barite concrete also include 20-30 parts by weight of a stabilizing and reinforcing mixture, which is composed of foamed ceramic powder and basalt fiber, and the weight ratio of foamed ceramic powder to basalt fiber is 1:(2.2-3.4).

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, foamed ceramic powder is a new type of material composed of numerous pores arranged in space. It has high porosity, large specific surface area, many open pores on the surface, and a hard texture. Basalt fiber can enhance the strength and toughness of concrete structures, effectively inhibit the occurrence of cracks, and play a role in stress transmission inside the concrete. When foamed ceramic powder and basalt fiber are combined in a specific weight ratio to form a stable reinforcing mixture, the two can bring excellent compounding effect. In the barite concrete system, it can form a three-dimensional support structure with foamed ceramic powder as the connecting node and basalt fiber as the connecting bridge. It can also cross-combine the main network structure formed by barite fine aggregate, barite coarse aggregate, and steel shot, and the bonding effect is excellent. This makes the raw materials of each component more tightly bonded, and the apparent density of the resulting barite concrete and the percentage of 7-day strength and 28-day strength in application are also significantly improved.

[0023] Preferably, the weight ratio of the foam ceramic powder to the basalt fiber is 1:3.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the foam ceramic powder and basalt fiber of the above weight ratio have a better synergistic effect when applied, and the effect on barite fine aggregate, barite coarse aggregate and steel shot is more significant, thus obtaining barite concrete of better quality.

[0025] Preferably, the porosity of the foam ceramic powder is 30%-50%, and the particle size is 1-3 mm; the basalt fiber diameter is 10-20 μm, and the length is 6-10 mm.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the foam ceramic powder and basalt fiber of the above specifications can be evenly dispersed among other component raw materials to form a relatively uniform and dense three-dimensional support structure. The three-dimensional support structure formed is also well compatible with barite fine aggregate, barite coarse aggregate and steel shot, and can obtain barite concrete with excellent apparent density, 7d strength percentage and 28d strength percentage.

[0027] Secondly, this application provides a construction method for barite concrete used in proton hospitals, employing the following technical solution:

[0028] A method for constructing barite concrete for proton hospitals includes the following steps:

[0029] (1) Prepare raw materials including cement, fly ash, slag powder, steel shot, barite fine aggregate, barite coarse aggregate, water, expansion agent and water-reducing agent according to the proportion;

[0030] (2) Mix the cement, fly ash, slag powder, steel shot, barite fine aggregate, barite coarse aggregate, water, expansion agent and water-reducing agent in step (1) to obtain concrete mixture.

[0031] (3) The concrete partition wall of the proton therapy area is supported by segmented formwork, and the concrete mixture in step (2) is poured in layers;

[0032] (4) After the pouring is completed, the concrete partition wall of the proton therapy area is cured with the formwork. After the formwork is removed, regular heat preservation and moisture retention are carried out to complete the construction.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solutions and construction methods, the segmented formwork system and layered pouring can overcome the adverse effects of the large self-weight stress of barite concrete. At the same time, in the subsequent curing process, curing with the formwork first and then demolding can make the concrete mixture form a dense packing during the solidification process, and the bonding between the internal components is relatively stable. The barite concrete obtained by such construction can exhibit superior quality.

[0034] Preferably, in step (4), the curing time with the mold is 14-21 days.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution and the above curing time, the moisturizing and heat preservation effects can be relatively stable during the contact between the formwork and the concrete, which is conducive to the formation of stable initial curing of the concrete mixture and lays the foundation for subsequent heat preservation and moisture retention curing after demolding.

[0036] Preferably, in step (4), when the wall formwork is removed, the temperature difference between the center and surface of the concrete is 0-15℃.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution and controlling the temperature, stress damage caused by a large temperature difference between the core temperature and the surface temperature of the concrete can be avoided. This allows for the formation of a stable structure during subsequent heat preservation and moisture retention curing, resulting in high-quality barite concrete after construction and curing.

[0038] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. This application uses steel shot to replace part of the fine aggregate, and by combining it with barite fine aggregate and barite coarse aggregate, a dense structural network is formed during the concrete mixing process. This results in barite concrete with not only a high apparent density but also superior performance in 7-day and 28-day strength percentages, exhibiting excellent overall structural stability. 2. This application incorporates a stabilizing and reinforcing mix composed of foamed ceramic powder and basalt fiber. This allows for the formation of a three-dimensional support structure within the barite concrete system, with foamed ceramic powder as connecting nodes and basalt fiber as connecting bridges. This results in a tighter bond between the various components, significantly improving the apparent density of the barite concrete and its 7-day and 28-day strength percentages in application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0041] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the preparation examples and embodiments of this application are commercially available.

[0042] The cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement;

[0043] The fly ash used is Class II fly ash;

[0044] The slag powder used is S95 grade slag powder;

[0045] The expanding agent used is a high-performance R-type expanding agent;

[0046] The water-reducing agent used is LSJ-1.

[0047] The foam ceramic powder is made of zirconium oxide.

[0048] Example

[0049] Example 1

[0050] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, the raw materials used in its preparation and their corresponding weights are shown in Table 1, and it is obtained through the following construction method:

[0051] (1) Prepare raw materials including cement, fly ash, slag powder, steel shot, barite fine aggregate, barite coarse aggregate, water, expansion agent and water-reducing agent according to the proportion;

[0052] (2) Mix the cement, fly ash, slag powder, steel shot, barite fine aggregate, barite coarse aggregate, water, expansion agent and water-reducing agent in step (1) to obtain concrete mixture.

[0053] (3) The concrete partition wall of the proton therapy area is supported by segmented formwork, and the concrete mixture in step (2) is poured in layers;

[0054] (4) After the pouring is completed, the concrete partition wall of the proton therapy area is cured with the formwork. After the formwork is removed, regular heat preservation and moisture retention are carried out to complete the construction.

[0055] Note: Among the raw materials used above, the steel shot has a particle size of 75μm-5mm and an apparent density of 3250kg / m³. 3 The fineness modulus is 2.6; the apparent density of barite fine aggregate and barite coarse aggregate is 4450 kg / m³. 3 The particle size of the barite coarse aggregate is 5-25mm, and the particle size of the barite fine aggregate is 75μm-5mm. In step (4), the template is a wooden board, the curing temperature is 15℃, and the curing time with the template is 14d-21d. In this embodiment, the curing time is 18d. When the wall template is removed, the temperature difference between the center temperature and the surface temperature of the concrete is 7℃. During the heat preservation and moisture retention curing process, the relative humidity is 97% and the temperature is 20℃.

[0056] Example 2-3

[0057] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals differs from Example 1 in that the raw materials used in its preparation and their corresponding weights are shown in Table 1.

[0058] Table 1. Raw materials and their weight percentages (kg / part) in Examples 1-3

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] Example 4

[0062] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, differing from Example 1 in that the steel shot has a particle size of 75 μm-5 mm and an apparent density of 2500 kg / m³. 3 The fineness modulus is 2.3.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, differing from Example 1 in that the steel shot has a particle size of 75 μm-5 mm and an apparent density of 4000 kg / m³. 3 The fineness modulus is 3.0.

[0065] Example 6

[0066] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, differing from Example 1 in that the apparent density of the barite fine aggregate and barite coarse aggregate is 4200 kg / m³. 3 The particle size of barite coarse aggregate is 5-25mm, and the particle size of barite fine aggregate is 75μm-5mm.

[0067] Example 7

[0068] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, differing from Example 1 in that the apparent density of the barite fine aggregate and barite coarse aggregate is 4700 kg / m³. 3 The particle size of barite coarse aggregate is 5-25mm, and the particle size of barite fine aggregate is 75μm-5mm.

[0069] Example 8

[0070] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals differs from Example 1 in that it also includes 25 parts by weight of a stabilizing and reinforcing mix, which is composed of foamed ceramic powder and basalt fiber in a weight ratio of 1:3. The foamed ceramic powder has a porosity of 40% and a particle size of 2 mm; the basalt fiber has a diameter of 15 μm and a length of 8 mm.

[0071] Example 9

[0072] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, which differs from Example 8 in that the weight of the stabilizing and reinforcing mix is ​​20 parts.

[0073] Example 10

[0074] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, which differs from Example 8 in that the weight of the stabilizing and reinforcing mix is ​​30 parts.

[0075] Example 11

[0076] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, which differs from Example 8 in that the stabilized reinforcing mix is ​​composed of foamed ceramic powder and basalt fiber in a weight ratio of 1:2.2.

[0077] Example 12

[0078] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, which differs from Example 8 in that the stabilized reinforcing mix is ​​composed of foamed ceramic powder and basalt fiber in a weight ratio of 1:3.4.

[0079] Example 13

[0080] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, which differs from Example 8 in that the stabilized reinforcing mix is ​​composed of foamed ceramic powder and basalt fiber in a weight ratio of 1:2.8.

[0081] Example 14

[0082] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, which differs from Example 8 in that the stabilized and reinforced mix does not contain foamed ceramic powder.

[0083] Example 15

[0084] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, which differs from Example 8 in that the stabilized reinforced mix does not contain basalt fibers.

[0085] Comparative Example

[0086] Comparative Example 1

[0087] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, which differs from Example 1 in that steel shot and other materials are replaced with barite fine aggregate.

[0088] Comparative Example 2

[0089] A type of barite concrete for proton hospitals, which differs from Example 8 in that steel shot and other materials are replaced with barite fine aggregate.

[0090] Performance testing test samples: The first test sample was barite concrete obtained from Examples 1-15 and Comparative Examples 1-2 and cured with heat preservation and moisture retention for 7 days. The second test sample was barite concrete obtained from Examples 1-15 and Comparative Examples 1-2 and cured with heat preservation and moisture retention for 28 days.

[0091] Test methods: The design strength grade of the barite concrete used in the proton hospital is C30. According to the requirements of GB / T50107-2013 "Standard for Testing and Evaluation of Concrete Strength", the first and second test samples were tested, and the 7-day strength percentage and 28-day strength percentage of the barite concrete were calculated. At the same time, the apparent density of the second test sample was measured using a concrete apparent density meter. Each type of barite concrete was tested 3 times, and the average value was recorded as the corresponding apparent density. Finally, the results obtained above are recorded in Table 2.

[0092] Table 2 Test results of Examples 1-15 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] As can be seen from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, and Table 2, using steel shot to replace part of the fine aggregate, and combining it with barite fine aggregate and barite coarse aggregate, results in barite concrete with particularly excellent performance in apparent density, 7-day strength percentage, and 28-day strength percentage. However, when steel shot is not used, the corresponding properties of barite concrete show significant and substantial losses. Therefore, it is evident that the combination of steel shot with barite fine aggregate and barite coarse aggregate can bring about outstanding application effects.

[0096] Based on Examples 1 and 4-7 and Table 2, it can be seen that the selected steel shot has a particle size of 75μm-5mm and an apparent density of 2500-4000kg / m³. 3 The fineness modulus is 2.3-3.0; the apparent density of barite fine aggregate and barite coarse aggregate is 4200-4700 kg / m³. 3 The particle size of the barite coarse aggregate is 5-25mm, and the particle size of the barite fine aggregate is 75μm-5mm. Both can enable the steel shot, barite fine aggregate, and barite coarse aggregate to exhibit excellent mixing effects, forming a dense packing in barite concrete, and thus showing excellent and stable performance in tests of apparent density, 7d strength percentage, and 28d strength percentage.

[0097] Combining Examples 1 and 8-13 with Table 2, it can be seen that when foamed ceramic powder and basalt fiber are combined in a specific weight ratio to form a stable reinforcing mixture, the apparent density, 7-day strength percentage, and 28-day strength percentage in barite concrete can be further improved. The improvement effect is particularly excellent when the weight ratio of foamed ceramic powder to basalt fiber is 1:3. Furthermore, the excellent and stable performance of the stable reinforcing mixture can be guaranteed when the porosity of the foamed ceramic powder is 30%-50% and the particle size is 1-3 mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 10-20 μm and the length is 6-10 mm. Combining Examples 14-15 with Table 2, it can be seen that when either foamed ceramic powder or basalt fiber is used alone as a stable reinforcing mixture, the improvement effect is limited, and the sum of their effects is far less than the improvement effect achieved by combining them. Combined with Comparative Example 2 and Table 2, it can be seen that when steel shot is not used, the improvement effect brought about by the application of stable reinforcement mixture will be significantly lost. This indicates that the network structure formed by steel shot, barite fine aggregate, and barite coarse aggregate is more suitable for use with the three-dimensional support structure formed by foam ceramic powder and basalt fiber, which can bring about significant improvements in apparent density, 7d strength percentage, and 28d strength percentage.

[0098] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A barite concrete for use in proton hospitals, characterized in that, The raw materials are prepared by the following weight parts: Cement 198-205 parts; Fly ash 85-95 parts; Slag powder 48-55 parts; Steel shot 1100-1150 parts; Heavy spar fine aggregate 550-560 parts; Heavy spar coarse aggregate 1830-1860 parts; Water 150-160 parts; Expanding agent 25-30 parts; Water reducing agent 10-12 parts; The raw materials of the heavy spar concrete further comprise a stabilizing and reinforcing mixture with a weight fraction of 20-30 parts, which is composed of foamed ceramic powder and basalt fiber, and the weight ratio of the foamed ceramic powder to the basalt fiber is 1: (2.2-3.4).

2. The barite concrete for proton hospitals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel shot has a particle size specification of 75 μm-5 mm, an apparent density of 2500-4000 kg / m³, and a fineness modulus of 2.3-3.

0.

3. The barite concrete for proton hospitals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heavy spar fine aggregate and the heavy spar coarse aggregate have an apparent density of 4200-4700 kg / m³, the heavy spar coarse aggregate has a particle size specification of 5-25 mm, and the heavy spar fine aggregate has a particle size specification of 75 μm-5 mm.

4. The barite concrete for proton hospitals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the foamed ceramic powder to the basalt fiber is 1:

3.

5. The barite concrete for proton hospitals of claim 1, wherein: The foamed ceramic powder has a porosity of 30%-50% and a particle size of 1-3 mm, and the basalt fiber has a diameter of 10-20 μm and a length of 6-10 mm.

6. The method for construction of barite concrete for proton hospitals as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing raw materials comprising cement, fly ash, slag powder, steel shot, heavy spar fine aggregate, heavy spar coarse aggregate, water, expanding agent, and water reducing agent according to the proportions; (2) mixing and stirring the cement, fly ash, slag powder, steel shot, heavy spar fine aggregate, heavy spar coarse aggregate, water, expanding agent, and water reducing agent in step (1) to obtain a concrete mixture; (3) segmentally supporting the proton therapy area concrete partition wall, and layer-by-layer pouring the concrete mixture in step (2); (4) after pouring, curing the proton therapy area concrete partition wall with a mold, and performing regular heat and moisture curing after the wall mold is removed, so that the construction is completed.

7. The method for construction of barite concrete for proton hospitals according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (4), the mold curing time is 14d-21d.

8. The method for construction of barite concrete for proton hospitals according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (4), when the wall mold is removed, the difference between the center temperature and the surface temperature of the concrete is 0-15℃.

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