Antenna structure and electronic equipment

Abstract

This application provides an antenna structure and electronic device, including: a first antenna, a second antenna, and a feed point; a first radiator and a second radiator of the first antenna are symmetrically arranged with respect to the perpendicular bisector between the first and second connection points, and the other ends of the first and second radiators extend in mutually distancing directions; one end of the second transmission line of the second antenna is electrically connected to the feed point, and the other end of the second transmission line is electrically connected to one end of a third radiator of the second antenna; the other end of the third radiator is grounded. The antenna structure provided by this application achieves hotspot dispersion, reduces SAR values, and enables simultaneous operation of low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency antennas under low SAR conditions, solving the problem in the prior art where low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency antennas cannot operate simultaneously under low SAR conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] An antenna is a device used in wireless communication to convert energy and directionally radiate or receive electromagnetic waves. With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, more demands are placed on antennas. For example, for terminal products, there are strict requirements for their Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) value. SAR refers to the amount of electromagnetic radiation energy absorbed by a unit mass of matter per unit time. SAR values ​​are commonly used to measure the thermal effect of terminal radiation. Taking mobile phone radiation as an example, SAR can refer to the ratio of radiation absorbed by the human body (e.g., the head); the lower the SAR value, the less radiation is absorbed by the human body.

[0003] In related technologies, in order to meet regulatory requirements for SAR values, low SAR values ​​are often achieved by adjusting the gap between the antenna radiator and the coupling element. However, the antenna radiator and the coupling element together constitute an antenna as a whole. When the gap between the antenna radiator and the coupling element is adjusted, it will affect the operating frequency band of the antenna structure, making the antenna structure unable to support low frequency (LF), medium frequency (MF), and high frequency (HF) operation simultaneously. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an antenna structure and electronic device that enables simultaneous operation of low-frequency, intermediate-frequency, and high-frequency signals while meeting low SAR requirements, thus solving the problem in the prior art where antennas cannot operate simultaneously at low SAR conditions.

[0005] This application provides an antenna structure, including: a first antenna, a second antenna, and a feed point; the first antenna includes: a first radiator, a second radiator, a first transmission line, a first matching circuit, and a second matching circuit; the first transmission line has a bifurcation point, a first connection point, and a second connection point, the bifurcation point being electrically connected to the feed point, one end of the first radiator being electrically connected to the first connection point, one end of the second radiator being electrically connected to the second connection point, and the other ends of the first and second radiators extending in mutually distant directions; and the first and second radiators are symmetrical with respect to the perpendicular bisector between the first and second connection points, the bifurcation point being located on the perpendicular bisector; one end of the first matching circuit is electrically connected to the first transmission line located on one side of the first connection point, and the other end of the first matching circuit is grounded; one end of the second matching circuit is electrically connected to the first transmission line located on one side of the second connection point, and the other end of the second matching circuit is grounded; the second antenna includes: a third radiator and a second transmission line, one end of the second transmission line being electrically connected to the feed point, the other end of the second transmission line being electrically connected to one end of the third radiator, and the other end of the third radiator being grounded.

[0006] The antenna structure provided in this application includes a first antenna, a second antenna, and a feed point. The first antenna includes a first radiator, a second radiator, a first transmission line, a first matching circuit, and a second matching circuit. The first transmission line has a bifurcation point, a first connection point, and a second connection point. The bifurcation point is electrically connected to the feed point. One end of the first radiator is electrically connected to the first connection point, and one end of the second radiator is electrically connected to the second connection point. The other ends of the first and second radiators extend in mutually distancing directions, and the first and second radiators are symmetrical with respect to the perpendicular bisector between the first and second connection points. The bifurcation... The point is located on the perpendicular bisector, so the first antenna has two independent and symmetrical first radiators and second radiators. The cooperation of the first and second radiators with the first and second matching circuits enables the first antenna to support the corresponding operating frequency bands of the mid-to-high frequency range. The two independent first and second radiators are symmetrically distributed relative to the feed center of the first transmission line (i.e., the intersection of the perpendicular bisector between the first and second connection points and the first transmission line). When current is fed into the first and second radiators from the first transmission line, the current on the first and second radiators radiates outward in directions that are far apart from each other, so that the two hot spots (the locations where the current is concentrated on the radiators) are not concentrated together, achieving the effect of hot spot dispersion.

[0007] Furthermore, the second antenna includes a third radiator and a second transmission line. One end of the second transmission line is electrically connected to the feed point, and the other end of the second transmission line is electrically connected to one end of the third radiator. The other end of the third radiator is grounded. In this way, the first antenna and the second antenna share a feed point, and the first antenna and the second antenna each have their own corresponding first transmission line and second transmission line, so that the second antenna can support the corresponding low-frequency operating frequency band. Thus, the antenna structure provided in this embodiment is an antenna structure that supports the full frequency bands of LF, MF, and HF. When current is fed in from the feed point, the current is fed into the first radiator and the second radiator through the first transmission line, and into the third radiator through the second transmission line. The two independent radiators of the first antenna will form two dispersed hot spots, and neither of these two dispersed hot spots nor the hot spot formed by the third radiator is concentrated on one radiator, achieving the purpose of hot spot dispersion, thereby achieving low SAR characteristics and achieving good performance of over-the-air (OTA) testing. This avoids the hot spots formed by the antenna radiators being concentrated on one radiator, which would lead to excessive radiated power and failure to meet SAR value requirements.

[0008] Therefore, the antenna structure provided in this application achieves low SAR requirements within the MF and HF operating bandwidths through the structural design of the first and second radiators. It eliminates the need for additional technologies or devices such as hotspot fixation power reduction, Transmit Antenna Select (TAS), Receiver SAR reduction, or capacitive SAR sensors. Thus, the embodiments of this application achieve a low-cost, low-SAR design. Furthermore, while achieving low SAR characteristics, it achieves excellent Over-The-Air (OTA) testing performance, avoiding the problem of hotspots concentrated on a single radiator leading to excessive radiated power and failure to meet SAR requirements.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the second matching circuit is the same as the first matching circuit, and the second matching circuit and the first matching circuit are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical line.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the first matching circuit includes a first capacitor and a first inductor, which are connected in parallel. One end of the first capacitor and the first inductor are electrically connected to the first transmission line located on one side of the first connection point, and the other end of the first capacitor and the first inductor are grounded.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the second matching circuit includes a second capacitor and a second inductor, which are connected in parallel. One end of each of the second capacitor and the second inductor is electrically connected to the first transmission line located on one side of the second connection point, and the other end of each of the second capacitor and the second inductor is grounded.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are arranged symmetrically with respect to the perpendicular bisector axis;

[0013] The first inductor and the second inductor are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical line.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first transmission line includes a first branch transmission segment and a second branch transmission segment, with the first connection point located on the first branch transmission segment and the second connection point located on the second branch transmission segment;

[0015] Furthermore, one end of both the first branch transmission segment and the second branch transmission segment is electrically connected to the bifurcation point, and the other end of the first branch transmission segment and the second branch transmission segment is electrically connected to the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit, respectively.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the first transmission line further includes: a main transmission segment, one end of which is electrically connected to the feed point, and the other end of the main transmission segment, one end of the first branch transmission segment, and one end of the second branch transmission segment intersect to form the bifurcation point.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the first connection point, the second connection point, and the bifurcation point are located on the same straight line.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the line connecting the first connection point and the branch point on the first transmission line forms an angle with the line connecting the second connection point and the branch point.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the first antenna further includes a first switch located on the connection link between the first radiator and the first connection point.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the first antenna further includes a second switch located on the connection link between the second radiator and the second connection point.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the second antenna further includes: a third switch, one end of which is electrically connected to the third radiator and the other end of which is grounded; or, the other end of the third radiator is grounded through the third switch.

[0022] In one possible implementation, it further includes: a circuit board, wherein the first transmission line, the second transmission line, the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit, and the power supply point are all located on the circuit board;

[0023] The first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are located on the outer side of the edge of the circuit board.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are located on the same side of the outer edge of the circuit board;

[0025] Furthermore, the first radiator is located between the second radiator and the third radiator;

[0026] Alternatively, the second radiator may be located between the first radiator and the third radiator;

[0027] In one possible implementation, the first radiator and the second radiator are located on adjacent sides of the circuit board.

[0028] In one possible implementation, both the first radiator and the second radiator include: a first vertical branch and a first horizontal branch, one end of the first vertical branch being electrically connected to the first horizontal branch.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the first radiator and the second radiator further include: a second vertical branch, one end of which is electrically connected to the first horizontal branch, and the other end of which faces the first transmission line.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the first radiator and the second radiator further include: a second lateral branch, one end of which is electrically connected to the second vertical branch, and the other end of which faces the first vertical branch and is spaced apart from the first vertical branch.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the third radiator includes: a third horizontal branch, a third vertical branch, and a fourth vertical branch, one end of the third vertical branch and the fourth vertical branch being electrically connected to the third horizontal branch, the other end of the third vertical branch being electrically connected to the second transmission line, and the other end of the fourth vertical branch being grounded.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the third radiator further includes a fifth vertical branch located between the third and fourth vertical branches, one end of which is electrically connected to the third horizontal branch, and the other end of which is grounded.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the third radiator includes a fourth transverse branch, a fifth transverse branch, a sixth transverse branch, a sixth vertical branch, and a seventh vertical branch;

[0034] The two ends of the fourth transverse branch are electrically connected to the sixth vertical branch and the seventh vertical branch, respectively, and the other ends of the sixth vertical branch and the seventh vertical branch are electrically connected to one end of the fifth transverse branch and the sixth transverse branch, respectively.

[0035] The other end of the fifth transverse branch is electrically connected to the second transmission line, and the other end of the sixth transverse branch is grounded.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the first antenna operates in the mid-to-high frequency band, and the second antenna operates in the low frequency band.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the mid-to-high frequency band is 1710-2690MHz, and the low frequency band is 698-960MHz.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are microstrip lines or cables.

[0039] A second aspect of this application provides an electronic device including any of the antenna structures described above. Through these antenna structures, the electronic device supports simultaneous operation across the entire LF, MF, and HF frequency bands while exhibiting low SAR characteristics. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1A This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 1B This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 1C This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 13 This is a simulation diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 14 This is a Smith chart schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 15 A current distribution diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 0.7984 GHz;

[0057] Figure 16 A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 1.6304 GHz;

[0058] Figure 17 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 1.6304 GHz;

[0059] Figure 18 A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 1.6816 GHz;

[0060] Figure 19 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 1.6816 GHz;

[0061] Figure 20A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 1.8288 GHz;

[0062] Figure 21 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 1.8288 GHz;

[0063] Figure 22 A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.4624 GHz;

[0064] Figure 23 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.4624 GHz;

[0065] Figure 24 A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.5904 GHz;

[0066] Figure 25 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.5904 GHz;

[0067] Figure 26 A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.68 GHz;

[0068] Figure 27 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.684 GHz;

[0069] Figure 28 This is a simulation diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at different frequency bands;

[0070] Figure 29 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 30 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 31 This is a simulation diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 32 This is a Smith chart schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 33 A current distribution diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 0.812 GHz;

[0075] Figure 34 A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 1.589 GHz;

[0076] Figure 35 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 1.589 GHz;

[0077] Figure 36 A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 1.694 GHz;

[0078] Figure 37 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 1.694 GHz;

[0079] Figure 38 A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 1.82 GHz;

[0080] Figure 39 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 1.82 GHz;

[0081] Figure 40 A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.128 GHz;

[0082] Figure 41 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.128 GHz;

[0083] Figure 42 A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.366 GHz;

[0084] Figure 43 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.366 GHz;

[0085] Figure 44 A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.562 GHz;

[0086] Figure 45 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.562 GHz;

[0087] Figure 46A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.667 GHz;

[0088] Figure 47 A current distribution diagram of the third radiator of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.667 GHz;

[0089] Figure 48 A current distribution diagram of the first and second radiators of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.772 GHz;

[0090] Figure 49 The current distribution diagram of the third radiator of the antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application at 2.772 GHz.

[0091] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0092] 100. Antenna structure;

[0093] 110. First antenna; 111. First radiator; 1111, 1121. First vertical stub; 1112, 1122. First horizontal stub; 1113, 1123. Second vertical stub; 1114, 1124. Second horizontal stub; 112. Second radiator;

[0094] 113. First transmission line; 1131. First branch transmission segment; 1132. Second branch transmission segment; 1133. Main transmission segment;

[0095] 114. First matching circuit; 1141. First capacitor; 1142. First inductor; 115. Second matching circuit; 1151. Second capacitor; 1152. Second inductor; 116. First switch; 117. Second switch;

[0096] 120. Second antenna; 121. Third radiator; 1211. Third horizontal branch; 1212. Third vertical branch; 1213. Fourth vertical branch; 1214. Fifth vertical branch; 1215. Fourth horizontal branch; 1216. Fifth horizontal branch; 1217. Sixth horizontal branch; 1218. Sixth vertical branch; 1219. Seventh vertical branch; 122. Second transmission line; 123. Third switch;

[0097] 130. Circuit board;

[0098] 140. Feeding point. Detailed Implementation

[0099] This application provides an antenna structure. When the antenna structure is used in electronic devices, the specific absorption rate (SAR) value of the electronic device is often tested. The lower the SAR value, the less radiation is absorbed by the human body. The SAR value can measure the amount of radiation emitted by the electronic device to the user. Therefore, the SAR value of the electronic device must meet regulatory requirements. In related technologies, in order to meet regulatory requirements, the gap between the antenna radiator and the coupling unit in the antenna structure 100 is often adjusted. By adjusting the gap size, the direction of the antenna radiation energy is changed, thereby reducing the SAR value of the antenna. However, when the gap between the antenna radiator and the coupling unit is adjusted, it will affect the operating frequency band of the antenna structure, making it impossible for the antenna structure to support low frequency (LF), medium frequency (MF), and high frequency (HF) operation simultaneously.

[0100] To address at least one of the aforementioned problems, this application provides an antenna structure in which a first antenna and a second antenna share a common feed point. The first and second antennas each have their own corresponding first and second transmission lines, enabling the second antenna to support low-frequency operating bands and the first antenna to support mid-to-high-frequency operating bands. Thus, the antenna structure provided in this application is a full-band antenna supporting LF, MF, and HF frequencies. When current is fed in from the feed point, it is fed through the first transmission line into the symmetrical first and second radiators, and through the second transmission line into the third radiator. The two independent and symmetrical radiators of the first antenna are far apart, forming two dispersed hotspots. These two dispersed hotspots and the hotspot formed by the third radiator are not concentrated on a single radiator. The entire antenna structure operates without hotspot concentration, as the hotspots are dispersed, achieving low SAR characteristics and good Over-The-Air (OTA) performance. This avoids the problem of hotspots from antenna radiators concentrating on a single radiator, which would lead to excessive radiated power and failure to meet SAR requirements.

[0101] Furthermore, the antenna structure provided in this application achieves low SAR requirements within the MF and HF operating bandwidths through the structural design of the first and second radiators. It eliminates the need for additional technologies or devices such as hotspot fixation power reduction, Transmit Antenna Select (TAS), Receiver SAR reduction, or capacitive SAR sensors. Therefore, the embodiments of this application achieve a low-cost, low-SAR design. Additionally, achieving low SAR characteristics results in excellent Over-The-Air (OTA) performance, avoiding the concentration of hotspots from the antenna radiators in a single radiator, which could lead to excessive radiated power and failure to meet SAR requirements.

[0102] The antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below.

[0103] See Figure 1A As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides an antenna structure 100, which may include: a first antenna 110, a second antenna 120 and a feed point 140, wherein the feed point 140 is used to feed power or input power to the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120, and the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120 share the feed point 140. For example, the feed point 140 can simultaneously feed power or input power to the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120.

[0104] Among them, see Figure 1A As shown, the first antenna 110 may include: a first radiator 111, a second radiator 112, a first transmission line 113, a first matching circuit 114, and a second matching circuit 115, wherein, see [reference needed]. Figure 1A As shown, the first transmission line 113 has a branch point a3, a first connection point a1, and a second connection point a2. The first connection point a1 and the second connection point a2 are located on both sides of the branch point a3, and the branch point a3 is connected to the first connection point a1 and the second connection point a2. The branch point a3 is electrically connected to the feed point 140. In this way, after the current or power input enters from the feed point 140, it splits into two branches at the branch point a3. One branch flows to the transmission line where the first connection point a1 is located (for example, the part of the first transmission line 113 located between the branch point a3 and the first connection point a1), and the other branch flows to the transmission line where the second connection point a2 is located (for example, the part of the first transmission line 113 located between the branch point a3 and the first connection point a1).

[0105] See Figure 1A As shown, one end of the first radiator 111 is electrically connected to the first connection point a1, and one end of the second radiator 112 is electrically connected to the second connection point a2. The other ends of the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 extend in mutually distant directions, for example, they can be... Figure 1A As shown, the other end of the first radiator 111 and the other end of the second radiator 112 are respectively arranged in opposite directions and far apart from each other, or, they can be Figure 1C As shown, the other ends of the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are respectively positioned away from each other in mutually perpendicular directions. Of course, in some examples, the other ends of the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 may also be positioned away from each other in other directions.

[0106] It is understandable that the first connection point a1 and the second connection point a2 are not two fixed points on the first transmission line 113. The first connection point a1 is the point where one end of the first radiator 111 intersects with the first transmission line 113 when electrically connected, and the second connection point a2 is the point where one end of the second radiator 112 intersects with the first transmission line 113 when electrically connected. Therefore, the first connection point a1 and the second connection point a2 change with the connection position of the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 with the first transmission line 113.

[0107] Among them, see Figure 1A As shown, the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are positioned far apart from each other. The first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are symmetrical with respect to the perpendicular bisector P between the first connection point a1 and the second connection point a2. This ensures that the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are two radiators with the same structure.

[0108] See Figure 1A As shown, the bifurcation point a3 is located on the perpendicular bisector P. In this way, the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are symmetrical with respect to the feed center (i.e., a3) of the first transmission line 113. This ensures that the two transmission paths from the bifurcation point a3 to the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are the same, thereby ensuring that the transmission paths from the feed point 140 to the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are the same. Thus, there is no situation where the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 of the first antenna 110 are affected by the difference in impedance between them and the feed point 140.

[0109] In this embodiment, when current is injected into the feed point 140, the current is split at the bifurcation point a3 (i.e., the feed center) of the first transmission line 113. Since the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are symmetrically arranged, the current injected into the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 is the same. Since the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are arranged in directions that are far apart from each other, the current forms two dispersed hot spots on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 respectively. This enables the first antenna 110 to achieve a hot spot dispersion effect when it is working, thereby avoiding the hot spot from being concentrated on one radiator, which would result in excessive radiation power and fail to meet the SAR value requirements.

[0110] Among them, see Figure 1A As shown, in order to enable the first antenna 110 to simultaneously support the operation of the mid-to-high frequency bands, in this embodiment of the application, one end of the first matching circuit 114 is electrically connected to the first transmission line 113 located on the side of the first connection point a1, and the other end of the first matching circuit 114 is grounded. One end of the second matching circuit 115 is electrically connected to the first transmission line 113 located on the side of the second connection point a2, and the other end of the second matching circuit 115 is grounded.

[0111] For example Figure 1A As shown, the first matching circuit 114 and the second matching circuit 115 are located at the two ends of the first transmission line 113 (for example, one end is aligned with the extension direction of the first radiator 111, and the other end is aligned with the extension direction of the second radiator). In this way, the first matching circuit 114 and the second matching circuit 115 cooperate with the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 to ensure that the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 can excite resonance in the mid-to-high frequency band, enabling the first antenna 110 to support the mid-to-high frequency band.

[0112] To achieve simultaneous operation of intermediate frequency, high frequency, and low frequency with low SAR value for antenna structure 100, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1AAs shown, the second antenna 120 includes: a third radiator 121 and a second transmission line 122. One end of the second transmission line 122 is electrically connected to the feed point 140, and the other end of the second transmission line 122 is electrically connected to one end of the third radiator 121. The other end of the third radiator 121 is grounded. Since the third radiator 121 of the second antenna 120 receives current through the second transmission line 122, and the first transmission line 113 and the second transmission line 122 are combined and fed or input power through the feed point 140, in this embodiment, the third radiator 121, the first radiator 111, and the second radiator 112 share a feed point 140 and are independent radiators. Thus, when current is fed from the feed point 140, after the current flows through the second transmission line 122 into the third radiator 121, another hot spot is formed on the third radiator 121. The hot spots of the three radiators are dispersed from each other, thereby avoiding the problem of hot spots concentrating on one radiator when the radiators are coupled together, causing excessive radiated power at a certain location and resulting in SAR values ​​exceeding the limit. Furthermore, it achieves good performance for over-the-air (OTA) interface testing.

[0113] In addition, in this embodiment, the first antenna 110 can support mid-to-high frequency radiation. Therefore, when the third radiator 121 is set, the length of the third radiator 121 can be set to be greater than the length of the first radiator 111 or the second radiator 112, so that the second antenna 120 can work in the low-frequency band. In this way, the antenna structure 100 provided in this embodiment can support simultaneous operation of the mid-frequency, high-frequency, and low-frequency full-band. And because the hot spots formed by the three radiators are dispersed, the purpose of reducing the SAR value is achieved, so that the antenna structure 100 can meet the SAR value requirements.

[0114] Therefore, the antenna structure 100 provided in this application embodiment achieves low SAR requirements within the MF and HF operating bandwidths through the structural design of the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112. It does not require additional technologies or devices such as hotspot fixing power reduction, antenna switching (TAS), receiver SAR reduction, or capacitive SAR sensors. Thus, this application embodiment achieves a low-cost, low-SAR design. Furthermore, in achieving low SAR characteristics, it achieves good Over-The-Air (OTA) testing performance, avoiding the hotspots formed by the antenna radiators concentrating on a single radiator, which would lead to excessive radiated power and failure to meet SAR value requirements.

[0115] It should be noted that the hot spots mentioned above are specifically the locations on the radiator where the current converges most, resulting in higher radiated power. Furthermore, the fact that antenna structure 100 can support simultaneous operation of intermediate frequency (IF), high frequency (HF), and low frequency (LF) can be understood as follows: when the RF module (e.g., the feed source) feeds current to the feed point 140, this current is a signal current covering the entire frequency band. This full-band signal current generates IF and HF resonance on the first antenna 110 and LF resonance on the second antenna 120. Thus, antenna structure 100 can cover the bandwidth of the entire frequency band (IF, HF, LF) and, since current is fed from a common feed point 140, antenna structure 100 can ensure simultaneous operation of IF, HF, and LF.

[0116] In this embodiment of the application, the feed point 140 is specifically the connection point where the first transmission line 113 and the second transmission line 122 are connected to the feed line of the radio frequency module.

[0117] In this embodiment of the application, the first transmission line 113 is electrically connected to the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 via a spring clip or by soldering. The third radiator 121 is also electrically connected to the second transmission line 122 via a spring clip or by soldering. When the other end of the third radiator 121 is grounded, the third radiator 121 can also be electrically connected to the grounding point via a spring clip.

[0118] The first transmission line 113 and the second transmission line 122 can be made of conductive transmission line, coaxial line transmission line, waveguide, or microstrip line, etc. In this embodiment, the first transmission line 113 and the second transmission line 122 are specifically described as microstrip lines.

[0119] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the "end" in one end / the other end of the third radiator 121 and one end / the other end of the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 should not be narrowly interpreted as necessarily being a point. It can also be considered as a segment of the antenna radiator including the endpoint. For example, one end of each radiator can be a segment of the radiator within 1 / 8 wavelength range from the endpoint. The wavelength in 1 / 8 wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 100, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point.

[0120] Therefore, in this embodiment, when the other end of the third radiator 121 is grounded, it can be as follows: Figure 2 In this process, the third radiator 121 is grounded at its other end point 121a, or the third radiator 121 can be grounded at a certain distance from its end point 121a.

[0121] In this embodiment of the application, when the other end of the third radiator 121 is grounded, one grounding location can be set, or two grounding locations can be set. Figure 1A The following section uses the example of setting a grounding position on the third radiator 121 as an example for illustration. Figure 4 The following explanation uses the third radiator 121 with two grounding positions as an example.

[0122] In this embodiment, when the first antenna 110 operates in the mid-to-high frequency band (1710-2690MHz), and the second antenna 120 operates in the low frequency band (698-960MHz), the antenna structure 100 provided in this application supports simultaneous operation of low, mid, and high frequencies while meeting low SAR requirements, thus solving the problem in the prior art where antennas cannot operate simultaneously at low SAR conditions.

[0123] In one possible implementation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1A As shown, the first connection point a1, the second connection point a2, and the bifurcation point a3 are located on the same straight line. The bifurcation point a3 is the midpoint of the line connecting the first connection point a1 and the second connection point a2. Thus, the distance between the first connection point a1 and the bifurcation point a3 is the same as the distance between the second connection point a2 and the bifurcation point a3.

[0124] In another implementation, it is possible Figure 1B As shown, the first connection point a1, the second connection point a2, and the branch point a3 are not on the same straight line. For example, the line connecting the first connection point a1 and the branch point a3 on the first transmission line 113 forms an angle with the line connecting the second connection point a2 and the branch point a3. This angle can be greater than 0° and less than 180°. For example, the angle can be as follows: Figure 1C The angle shown is 90°. Of course, this included angle is not limited to 90°, but can also be 60°.

[0125] In one possible implementation, the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 can be as follows: Figure 1A and Figure 1B The ones shown are located on the same side, and can also be Figure 1C As shown, the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are located on different sides. In this way, the two hot spots formed by the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are located on different sides, which further achieves the purpose of hot spot dispersion.

[0126] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 2As shown, the second matching circuit 115 is the same as the first matching circuit 114, and the second matching circuit 115 and the first matching circuit 114 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical line P. In this way, it is ensured that the grounding positions of the second matching circuit 115 and the first matching circuit 114 are symmetrical, and the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 can simultaneously excite the mid-to-high frequency resonance, ensuring that the second antenna 110 can support the simultaneous operation of mid-to-high frequencies.

[0127] Of course, in some examples, if the second matching circuit 115 and the first matching circuit 114 are not symmetrically arranged relative to the vertical line P, a tuning device can be set in the link between the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 to ensure that the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 can be excited to mid-to-high frequency resonance at the same time. In this embodiment, the second matching circuit 115 and the first matching circuit 114 are symmetrically arranged relative to the vertical line P for illustration.

[0128] In one possible implementation, the first matching circuit 114 and the second matching circuit 115 can be resonant (LC) circuits, for example, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 As shown, the first matching circuit 114 includes a first capacitor 1141 and a first inductor 1142. The first capacitor 1141 and the first inductor 1142 are connected in parallel, and one end of the first capacitor 1141 and the first inductor 1142 are electrically connected to the first transmission line 113 on the side of the first connection point a1. The other end of the first capacitor 1141 and the first inductor 1142 are grounded.

[0129] See Figure 3 As shown, the second matching circuit 115 includes a second capacitor 1151 and a second inductor 1152. The second capacitor 1151 and the second inductor 1152 are connected in parallel, and one end of the second capacitor 1151 and the second inductor 1152 are electrically connected to the first transmission line 113 on one side of the second connection point a2. The other end of the second capacitor 1151 and the second inductor 1152 are grounded.

[0130] When the first antenna 110 is working, the first inductor 1142 and the second inductor 1152 can carry intermediate frequency current, while the first capacitor 1141 and the second capacitor 1151 block the intermediate frequency current. In this way, the intermediate frequency current is grounded through the first inductor 1142 and the second inductor 1152, and cannot be grounded through the first capacitor 1141 and the second capacitor 1151. Thus, the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 can be excited to resonate in the intermediate frequency band, ensuring that the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 can support the intermediate frequency band. When a high-frequency current flows in, the first capacitor 1141 and the second capacitor 1151 can pass the high-frequency current, while the first inductor 1142 and the second inductor 1152 block the high-frequency current. In this way, the high-frequency current is grounded through the first capacitor 1141 and the second capacitor 1151, and the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 can excite the high-frequency resonance. Therefore, by passing the intermediate frequency and blocking the high frequency through the first inductor 1142 and the second inductor 1152, and passing the high frequency and blocking the intermediate frequency through the first capacitor 1141 and the second capacitor 1151, the first antenna 110 can support both the intermediate frequency and the high frequency bands simultaneously. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first capacitor 1141 and the first inductor 1142 are connected in parallel, and the second capacitor 1151 and the second inductor 1152 are connected in parallel, so that the two radiators of the first antenna 110 can support the simultaneous operation of the intermediate frequency and the high frequency bands.

[0131] In this embodiment of the application, the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor 1141 and the second capacitor 1151 can be the same, and the inductance values ​​of the first inductor 1142 and the second inductor 1152 can be the same.

[0132] Of course, in some examples, the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor 1141 and the second capacitor 1151 may be different. When the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor 1141 and the second capacitor 1151 are different, a tuning device can be added to the link of the first radiator 111, or a tuning device can be added to the link of the first radiator 111. Correspondingly, when the inductance values ​​of the first inductor 1142 and the second inductor 1152 are different, a tuning device can also be added to the link of the first radiator 111, or a tuning device can be added to the link of the first radiator 111.

[0133] In the embodiments of this application, see Figure 2As shown, the first capacitor 1141 and the second capacitor 1151 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical axis P, and the first inductor 1142 and the second inductor 1152 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical axis P. In this way, the first inductor 1142 and the second inductor 1152 are equidistant from the feed center of the first transmission line 113. The grounding positions of the first inductor 1142 and the second inductor 1152 are symmetrical with respect to the feed center of the first transmission line 113. Thus, the first inductor 1142 and the second inductor 1152 have the same effect on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112, respectively. Correspondingly, the first inductor 1142 and the second inductor 1152 are equidistant from the feed center of the first transmission line 113. Therefore, the grounding positions of the first capacitor 1141 and the second capacitor 1151 are symmetrical with respect to the feed center of the first transmission line 113. This avoids the problem of different grounding positions causing impedance differences between the two radiators, which could prevent support for mid-to-high frequency bands.

[0134] In one possible implementation, see Figure 3 As shown, the second antenna 120 also includes a third switch 123, the other end of the third radiator 121 being grounded through the third switch 123, for example, see [reference needed]. Figure 3 As shown, the other end of the third radiator 121 is electrically connected to the third switch 123, and the other end of the third switch 123 is grounded. When the third radiator 121 is grounded through the third switch 123, the third switch 123 can play a tuning role, so that the resonant point of the third radiator 121 can be adjusted.

[0135] In another implementation, see [link to implementation details]. Figure 4 As shown, the other end of the third radiator 121 (e.g., endpoint 121a) is grounded. One end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the third radiator 121, and the other end of the third switch 123 is also grounded. The third radiator 121 has two grounding positions. During operation, different grounding points can be selected according to different needs. For example, in one scenario, the third switch 123 can be turned off, and the third radiator 121 is grounded at endpoint 121a, so that the third radiator 121 can meet one of the low-frequency bandwidths. In another scenario, the third switch 123 can be switched to a certain frequency band and turned on. In this way, the third radiator 121 can be grounded through the third switch 123. Since the grounding points are different, the resonant point of the third radiator 121 will change. Therefore, in this embodiment, by setting the third switch 123 when the third radiator 121 is grounded, it serves a tuning function on the one hand, and different grounding positions can be selected for different working scenarios on the other hand.

[0136] In one possible implementation, see Figure 5 As shown, the first antenna 110 may further include: a first switch 116, the first switch 116 being located on the connection link between the first radiator 111 and the first connection point a1, for example... Figure 5 As shown, one end of the first switch 116 is connected to the first connection point a1 of the first transmission line 113, and the other end of the first switch 116 can be electrically connected to the first radiator 111 through a spring. The first switch 116 can play a tuning role, for example, the first switch 116 can adjust the resonant point of the mid-to-high frequency.

[0137] Among them, see Figure 5 As shown, the first antenna 110 may further include a second switch 117, which is located on the connection link between the second radiator 112 and the second connection point a2. For example, Figure 5 As shown, one end of the second switch 117 is connected to the second connection point a2 of the first transmission line 113, and the other end of the second switch 117 can be electrically connected to the second radiator 112 through a spring. The second switch 117 can play a tuning role. In this way, the first switch 116 and the second switch 117 can work together to adjust the mid-to-high frequency resonant point.

[0138] In one possible implementation, Figure 6 As shown, it also includes: a circuit board 130, a first transmission line 113, a second transmission line 122, a first matching circuit 114, a second matching circuit 115, and a feed point 140 all located on the circuit board 130; a first radiator 111, a second radiator 112, and a third radiator 121 are located on the outer edge of the circuit board 130, for example, see [reference needed]. Figure 6 As shown, the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, and the third radiator 121 are located outside the edge of the circuit board 130. This ensures that when the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, and the third radiator 121 radiate electromagnetic waves outward, they have relatively free space and are not easily affected by the circuit board 130.

[0139] Of course, in some examples, the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112 and the third radiator 121 may be suspended above the circuit board 130. For example, the orthogonal projection of the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112 and the third radiator 121 in the thickness direction of the circuit board 130 is located on the circuit board 130.

[0140] In one possible implementation, see Figure 6 As shown, the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, and the third radiator 121 are located on the same side of the outer edge of the circuit board 130. For example, Figure 6In this circuit board 130, the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, and the third radiator 121 are located on one side of the upper edge, with the second radiator 112 positioned between the first radiator 111 and the third radiator 121. (See also...) Figure 6 As shown, the first antenna 110 is located at the left end of the upper edge of the circuit board 130, and the second antenna 120 is located at the right end of the upper edge of the circuit board 130.

[0141] Of course, in some examples, the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, and the third radiator 121 can be located on different sides of the outer edge of the circuit board 130. For example, the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 can be located on one side of the upper edge of the circuit board 130, and the third radiator 121 can be located on one side of the right edge of the circuit board 130. Alternatively, the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 can be located on adjacent sides of the circuit board 130. For example, the first radiator 111 can be located on the left side of the circuit board 130, and the second radiator 112 can be located on the upper side of the circuit board 130 (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1C The second radiator 112 and the third radiator 121 are located on the same side.

[0142] Therefore, in this embodiment, the placement of the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, and the third radiator 121 at the edge of the circuit board 130 does not affect the performance of the antenna structure 100, ensuring that the positions of the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, and the third radiator 121 at the edge of the circuit board 130 are flexible and do not impose restrictions on the placement of the radiators. Thus, when the antenna structure 100 is used in an electronic device, the positions of the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, and the third radiator 121 can be flexibly arranged, thereby ensuring that the device layout within the electronic device is not limited to a fixed position and guaranteeing the flexibility of the device layout.

[0143] In one possible implementation, see Figure 6 As shown, the first transmission line 113 includes a first branch transmission segment 1131 and a second branch transmission segment 1132. A first connection point a1 is located on the first branch transmission segment 1131, and a second connection point a2 is located on the second branch transmission segment 1132. One end of both the first branch transmission segment 1131 and the second branch transmission segment 1132 is electrically connected to the bifurcation point a3. The first branch transmission segment 1131 and the second branch transmission segment 1132 are located on both sides of the bifurcation point a3, respectively. The other ends of the first branch transmission segment 1131 and the second branch transmission segment 1132 are electrically connected to the first matching circuit 114 and the second matching circuit 115, respectively.

[0144] It is understandable that the point where the first branch transmission segment 1131 and the second branch transmission segment 1132 intersect is the bifurcation point a3.

[0145] In one possible implementation, see Figure 6 As shown, the first transmission line 113 further includes: a main transmission segment 1133, one end of the main transmission segment 1133 is electrically connected to the feed point 140, the other end of the main transmission segment 1133 is electrically connected to the bifurcation point a3, and the bifurcation point is formed by the intersection of the other end of the main transmission segment 1133, one end of the first branch transmission segment 1131, and one end of the second branch transmission segment 1132.

[0146] See Figure 6 As shown, the total transmission segment 1133 is combined with the second transmission line 122 and then connected to the feed point 140.

[0147] In one possible implementation, Figure 6 As shown, the first radiator 111 includes a first vertical branch 1111 and a first horizontal branch 1112, with one end of the first vertical branch 1111 electrically connected to the first horizontal branch 1112. The second radiator 112 also includes a first vertical branch 1121 and a first horizontal branch 1122, with one end of the first vertical branch 1121 electrically connected to the first horizontal branch 1122. For example, see [reference needed]. Figure 7 As shown, the first lateral branch 1112 of the first radiator 111 extends to the left, and the first lateral branch 1122 of the second radiator 112 extends to the right.

[0148] In one possible implementation, see Figure 8 As shown, the first radiator 111 further includes a second vertical stalk 1113, one end of which is electrically connected to the first horizontal stalk 1112. For example, one end of the second vertical stalk 1113 is electrically connected to one end of the first horizontal stalk 1112, and the other end of the second vertical stalk 1113 faces the first transmission line 113. The second radiator 112 further includes a second vertical stalk 1123, one end of which is electrically connected to the first horizontal stalk 1122, and the other end of the second vertical stalk 1123 faces the first transmission line 113. By adding the second vertical stalk 1113 (1123), the bandwidth is increased.

[0149] In one possible implementation, see Figure 9As shown, the first radiator 111 further includes: a second transverse branch 1114, one end of which is electrically connected to the other end of the second vertical branch 1113, and the other end of which faces the first vertical branch 1111 and is spaced apart from the first vertical branch 1111. Correspondingly, the second radiator 112 further includes: a second transverse branch 1124, one end of which is electrically connected to the other end of the second vertical branch 1123, and the other end of which faces the first vertical branch 1121 and is spaced apart from the first vertical branch 1121.

[0150] In one possible implementation, see Figure 9 As shown, the third radiator 121 includes a third horizontal stub 1211, a third vertical stub 1212, and a fourth vertical stub 1213. One end of the third vertical stub 1212 and the fourth vertical stub 1213 is electrically connected to the third horizontal stub 1211, the other end of the third vertical stub 1212 is electrically connected to the second transmission line 122, and the other end of the fourth vertical stub 1213 is grounded. This allows the second antenna 120 to form an F-antenna.

[0151] In this embodiment of the application, when the first vertical branch 1111 is connected to the first horizontal branch 1112, one end of the first vertical branch 1111 can... Figure 9 It is shown to be connected to one end of the first transverse branch 1112, or it may also be Figure 10 As shown, one end of the first vertical branch 1111 is electrically connected to the portion between the two endpoints of the first horizontal branch 1112. There is a gap between the first horizontal branch 1112 of the first radiator 111 and the first horizontal branch 1112 of the second radiator 112. The size of this gap can be set according to actual needs; for example, this gap can ensure that no current coupling occurs between the first horizontal branch 1112 of the first radiator 111 and the first horizontal branch 1112 of the second radiator 112. See also... Figure 10 As shown, the third radiator 121 also includes a fifth vertical branch 1214, which is located between the third vertical branch 1212 and the fourth vertical branch 1213. One end of the fifth vertical branch 1214 is electrically connected to the third horizontal branch 1211, and the other end of the fifth vertical branch 1214 can be electrically connected to the third switch 123 and grounded.

[0152] In one possible implementation, see Figure 11As shown, the third radiator 121 includes a fourth horizontal stub 1215, a fifth horizontal stub 1216, a sixth horizontal stub 1217, a sixth vertical stub 1218, and a seventh vertical stub 1219. The two ends of the fourth horizontal stub 1215 are electrically connected to one end of the sixth vertical stub 1218 and the seventh vertical stub 1219, respectively. The other ends of the sixth vertical stub 1218 and the seventh vertical stub 1219 are electrically connected to one end of the fifth horizontal stub 1216 and the sixth horizontal stub 1217, respectively. The other end of the fifth horizontal stub 1216 is electrically connected to the second transmission line 122, and the other end of the sixth horizontal stub 1217 is grounded. This allows the second antenna 120 to form a LooP antenna.

[0153] See Figure 12 As shown, the other end of the sixth transverse branch 1217 is grounded through the third switch 123. In addition, the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 are each provided with a first switch 116 and a second switch 117 between the first transmission line 113 and the first radiator 111. The first switch 116, the second switch 117 and the third switch 123 are all antenna switches, for example, they can be PIN diode switches or single-pole multi-throw switches.

[0154] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the shapes of the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, and the third radiator 121 include, but are not limited to, as shown in the figure. Figures 1A-13 The shapes shown can be varied in some examples, such as the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, and the third radiator 121, depending on actual needs.

[0155] In this embodiment of the application, the antenna structure 100 is tested, for example, to Figure 5 The provided antenna structure 100 was tested. Taking the second antenna 120 operating in Long Term Evolution (LTE) B20 as an example, the simulation results were obtained. Figure 13 As shown, see Figure 13 As shown, L1 is the S11 curve (antenna return loss), L2 is the system radiation efficiency, and L3 is the system total radiation efficiency. From the L1 curve, it can be seen that the antenna structure 100 provided in this embodiment exhibits multiple antenna resonances in the 0.6-3GHz frequency band. Among them, the LF, MF, and HF antennas show the deepest resonance points at 0.7984GHz, 1.6304GHz, 1.6816GHz, 1.828GHz, 2.4624GHz, 2.5904GHz, and 2.68GHz, respectively, within the -5dB operating bandwidth. Therefore, the antenna structure 100 provided in this embodiment can operate normally in LF, MF, and HF frequencies.

[0156] It should be noted that the S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the lower the antenna return loss, the less energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna system efficiency. Conversely, the larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss, and the lower the antenna system efficiency. In engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, the antenna can be considered to be working normally, or its transmission efficiency can be considered to be good. Therefore, the antenna structure 100 provided in this embodiment can support simultaneous operation of LF, MF, and HF.

[0157] Figure 14 For the Smith chart of LF, MF, and HF when Line 120 is operating at B20, see [link / reference]. Figure 14 It can be seen that, Figure 13 The positions of each frequency point on the Smith chart are relatively close to the center circle, indicating that the antenna is well matched and has good performance.

[0158] In this embodiment of the application, the current distribution at these frequency points was monitored in order to determine the operating mode of these resonant points. Figure 15 The current distribution of antenna structure 100 when it operates at 0.7984 GHz is given from... Figure 15 It can be seen that the current is mainly concentrated on the third radiator 121 of the second antenna 120, while the current on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 is basically very weak (the reason is that for the low frequency point of 0.7984GHz, a longer electrical length is required, but the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 do not meet the electrical length requirement, so the current cannot form a corresponding mode on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112). Therefore, since the third radiator 121 of the second antenna 120 supports the low frequency band, the current on the third radiator 121 forms a typical left-handed antenna operating mode.

[0159] Figures 16-21 The current distribution of the antenna structure 100 operating in the MF band region of 1.6304GHz, 1.6816GHz, and 1.828GHz is shown. It can be seen that within the MF band range, the current on the third radiator 121 of the second antenna 120 is basically very weak, while the current distribution within the MF band range is all concentrated on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 of the first antenna 110. Moreover, the current flow on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 is symmetrical in opposite directions, and the current distribution on the first transmission line 113 is symmetrical in opposite directions. The first antenna 110 forms a typical common-mode mode.

[0160] Figures 22-27The current distribution of antenna structure 100 operating in the HF band regions of 2.4624 GHz, 2.5904 GHz, and 2.68 GHz is from... Figures 22-27 As can be seen, within the HF band, the current on the third radiator 121 of the second antenna 120 is basically equivalent to the current on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 of the first antenna 110. The current distribution on the third radiator 121 of the second antenna 120 is generated by the third harmonic of the second antenna 120. The current flow on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 of the first antenna 110 is symmetrical in opposite directions, and the current distribution on the first transmission line 113 is symmetrical in opposite directions. This is a typical common-mode mode. In other words, the operating modes of the three HF frequency points of 2.4624GHz, 2.5904GHz, and 2.68GHz are a hybrid mode formed by the superposition of the third harmonic of the second antenna 120 and the common-mode of the first antenna 110.

[0161] In this embodiment, the S11 curves of LF&MF&HF when the second antenna 120 switches to different low frequencies such as LTE B8 / B5 / B12 / B17 / B28 via the third switch 123 are shown below. Figure 28 ,from Figure 28 It can be seen that multiple antenna resonances occurred in the 0.6-3GHz frequency band (e.g. Figure 28 The antenna has 7 resonant points and can operate normally in LF, MF, and HF frequencies. The positions of each frequency point on the Smith chart are relatively close to the center circle, indicating that the antenna is well matched and has good performance.

[0162] The antenna structure 100 provided in this application demonstrates technical effectiveness in meeting regulatory requirements for total radiated power (TRP) under different frequency bands, as shown in Table 1. During testing, with a conducted transmit power of 24.5 dBm, the TRP for LTE bands B1 / 3 / 7 / 38 / 40 / 41 and WB1 / B8, while meeting the requirement of 5mm 10g SAR less than 1W / kg, is above 16.9 dBm for low frequencies and 17.7 dBm for high frequencies. Through the low SAR characteristics of the antenna structure 100, a high OTA performance requirement is achieved by 3 dB. Therefore, the antenna structure 100 provided in this application can be applied to LTE multi-band terminal products such as mobile phones, tablets, and personal PCs. For products with SAR regulatory requirements, it can achieve low cost, low SAR, and high-performance OTA performance, ensuring an improved user communication experience while adhering to regulations.

[0163] Table 1. TRP (Total Radiated Power) achievement under the premise of SAR regulations in different frequency bands.

[0164]

[0165] The following describes another antenna structure 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0166] The difference between the antenna structure 100 provided in this embodiment and the antenna structure 100 in the above embodiments is that, in this embodiment, the positions of the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120 are interchanged. (See attached...) Figure 29 As shown, the first antenna 110 is placed to the right of the second antenna 120, and the first radiator 111 is located between the second radiator 112 and the third radiator 121, wherein the grounding point of the third radiator 121 is close to the end of the first radiator 111.

[0167] See Figure 30 As shown in the embodiment of this application, one end of the third switch 123 of the second antenna 120 is electrically connected to the middle position of the third radiator 121, and the other end of the third switch 123 is grounded.

[0168] Other structures in the embodiments of this application can be referred to the description of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated in the embodiments of this application.

[0169] Examples of this application Figure 30 The provided antenna structure 100 was used for simulation testing. Taking the second antenna 120 operating in LTE B20 as an example, the S11 curves obtained from the LF&MF&HF simulations, as well as the antenna radiation and system efficiency, are shown below. Figure 31 The Smith chart for LF, MF, and HF when Line 120 is operating at B20 is shown below. Figure 32 .like Figure 31 As shown: The antenna system exhibited multiple antenna resonances in the 0.6-3 GHz frequency band (e.g. Figure 31 Of the nine resonant points (as described above), the LF, MF, and HF antennas exhibited their deepest resonance at 0.812 GHz, 1.589 GHz, 1.694 GHz, 1.82 GHz, 2.128 GHz, 2.366 GHz, 2.562 GHz, 2.667 GHz, and 2.772 GHz, respectively, within the -5 dB operating bandwidth. Figure 13 In contrast, while changing the positions of the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120 will cause a frequency shift at the resonant point, it still meets the bandwidth requirements and allows for low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency operation. Therefore, changing the positions of the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120 has a relatively small impact on the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 100. Thus, when the antenna structure 100 is used in electronic devices, the positions of the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, and the third radiator 121 can be flexibly arranged, allowing the device layout within the electronic device to be flexible and not limited to fixed positions.

[0170] See Figure 32 As shown, these frequency points are located relatively close to the center circle on the Smith chart, indicating that the antenna has been well matched and has good performance.

[0171] In this embodiment of the application, the current distribution at these frequency points was monitored to confirm the operating mode of these resonant points. Figure 33 The current distribution of antenna structure 100 when it operates at 0.812 GHz is given from... Figure 33 It can be seen that the current is mainly concentrated on the third radiator 121 of the second antenna 120, while the current on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 is basically very weak (the reason is that for the low frequency point of 0.812GHz, a longer electrical length is required, but the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 do not meet the electrical length requirement, so the current cannot form a corresponding mode on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112). Therefore, the third radiator 121 of the second antenna 120 supports the low frequency band, and the current on the third radiator 121 forms a typical left-handed antenna working mode.

[0172] Figures 34-41 Antenna structure 100 operates at 1.589 GHz ( Figure 34 and Figure 35 (as shown), 1.694GHz ( Figure 36 , Figure 37 (as shown), 1.82GHz ( Figure 38 , Figure 39 (as shown), 2.128GHz ( Figure 40 , Figure 41 The current distribution in the MF band region (as shown in the figure) Figures 34-41 As can be seen, within the MF band range, the current on the third radiator 121 of the second antenna 120 is basically very weak, while the current distribution within the MF band range is all concentrated on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 of the first antenna 110. Furthermore, the current flow on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 is symmetrical in opposite directions, and the current distribution on the first transmission line 113 is symmetrical in opposite directions. The first antenna 110 forms a typical common-mode.

[0173] Figures 42-49 Antenna structure 100 operates at 2.366 GHz ( Figure 42 , Figure 43 As shown), 2.562GHz ( Figure 44 , Figure 45 As shown), 2.667GHz ( Figure 46 , Figure 47 As shown), 2.772GHz ( Figure 48 , Figure 49 The current distribution in the HF band region (as shown) is from... Figures 42-49As can be seen, within the HF band, the current on the third radiator 121 of the second antenna 120 is basically equivalent to the current on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 of the first antenna 110. The current distribution on the third radiator 121 of the second antenna 120 is generated by the third harmonic of the second antenna 120. The current flow on the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112 of the first antenna 110 is symmetrical in opposite directions, and the current distribution on the first transmission line 113 is symmetrical in opposite directions. This is a typical common-mode mode. In other words, the operating modes of the four HF frequency points of 2.366GHz, 2.562GHz, 2.667GHz, and 2.772GHz are a hybrid mode formed by the superposition of the third harmonic of the second antenna 120 and the common-mode of the first antenna 110.

[0174] In this embodiment, the S11 curves of LF&MF&HF, antenna radiation, and system efficiency diagrams when the second antenna 120 switches to operate at different low frequencies such as LTE B8 / B5 / B12 / B17 / B28 via the third switch 123 are shown above. Figure 28 ,from Figure 28 It can be seen that multiple antenna resonances occurred in the 0.6-3GHz frequency band, and the antennas can work normally in LF, MF, and HF frequencies. The positions of each frequency point on the Smith chart are relatively close to the center circle, indicating that the antennas are well matched and have good performance.

[0175] The technical effect of the antenna structure 100 provided in this application in meeting the total radiated power of SAR under regulations in different frequency bands is shown in Table 2.

[0176] Table 2. Total Radiated Power (TRP) under the premise of meeting SAR regulations in different frequency bands

[0177]

[0178] During testing, the conducted transmit power was 24.5 dBm. As shown in Table 2, under the premise that the 5mm 10g SAR is less than 1W / kg, the total radiated power (TRP) of LTE B1 / 3 / 7 / 38 / 40 / 41 and WB1 / B8 frequency bands can meet the requirements of 16.9 dBm at low frequencies and 17.7 dBm at high frequencies. Through the low SAR characteristics of antenna structure 100, a high OTA performance index requirement is achieved by 3 dB. In addition, the 5mm 10g SAR of different frequency bands is less than 2W / kg (as required by regulations). Therefore, the antenna structure 100 provided in this application embodiment achieves low SAR within the MF and HF operating bandwidth through the structural design of the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 112. It does not require additional technologies or devices such as fixed hotspot power reduction, transmit antenna select (TAS), receiver SAR reduction, or capacitive SAR sensors. Therefore, this application embodiment achieves a low-cost, low-SAR design.

[0179] Therefore, the antenna structure 100 provided in this application embodiment can be applied to LTE multi-band terminal products such as mobile phones, tablets, and personal PCs. For products with SAR regulatory requirements, it can achieve low cost, low SAR, and high-performance OTA indicators, thereby improving the user's actual communication experience under the premise of compliance with regulations.

[0180] This application also provides an electronic device, which can be a mobile or fixed terminal with an antenna structure 100, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, smart home device, smart bracelet, smartwatch, smart helmet, or smart glasses. The electronic device can also be a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, an electronic device in a 5G network, or an electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN).

[0181] In this embodiment, a mobile phone is used as an example for illustration. A portion of the metal frame of the electronic device can serve as the radiator of the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120. Alternatively, when the frame of the electronic device is non-metallic, the radiators of the first antenna 110 and the second antenna 120 can be located inside the frame of the electronic device. Through the aforementioned antenna structure 100, the electronic device supports simultaneous operation across the LF, MF, and HF frequency bands with low SAR characteristics. Furthermore, since the positions of the first radiator 111, the second radiator 112, and the third radiator 121 can be flexibly arranged, the antenna structure of the electronic device is not limited to a fixed position, ensuring a more flexible antenna layout.

[0182] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0183] The devices or elements referred to in the embodiments of this application or implied herein must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0184] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0185] The term "multiple" in this article refers to two or more. The term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects; in formulas, the character " / " indicates a "division" relationship between the preceding and following related objects.

[0186] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0187] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned process numbers does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, include: First antenna, second antenna, and feed point; The first antenna includes: a first radiator, a second radiator, a first transmission line, a first matching circuit, and a second matching circuit; The first transmission line has a branch point, a first connection point and a second connection point. The branch point is electrically connected to the feed point. One end of the first radiator is electrically connected to the first connection point. One end of the second radiator is electrically connected to the second connection point. The other ends of the first radiator and the other ends of the second radiator are respectively arranged to extend in mutually distant directions. Furthermore, the first radiator and the second radiator are symmetrical with respect to the perpendicular bisector between the first connection point and the second connection point, and the bifurcation point is located on the perpendicular bisector; One end of the first matching circuit is electrically connected to the first transmission line located on one side of the first connection point, and the other end of the first matching circuit is grounded. One end of the second matching circuit is electrically connected to the first transmission line located on one side of the second connection point, and the other end of the second matching circuit is grounded; The second antenna includes a third radiator and a second transmission line. One end of the second transmission line is electrically connected to the feed point, and the other end of the second transmission line is electrically connected to one end of the third radiator. The other end of the third radiator is grounded.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second matching circuit is the same as the first matching circuit, and the second matching circuit and the first matching circuit are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical line.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first matching circuit includes a first capacitor and a first inductor, which are connected in parallel. One end of the first capacitor and the first inductor are electrically connected to the first transmission line located on one side of the first connection point, and the other end of the first capacitor and the first inductor are grounded.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second matching circuit includes a second capacitor and a second inductor, which are connected in parallel. One end of the second capacitor and the second inductor are electrically connected to the first transmission line located on one side of the second connection point, and the other end of the second capacitor and the second inductor are grounded.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first capacitor and the second capacitor are arranged symmetrically with respect to the perpendicular bisector axis; The first inductor and the second inductor are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical line.

6. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first transmission line includes a first branch transmission segment and a second branch transmission segment, the first connection point is located on the first branch transmission segment, and the second connection point is located on the second branch transmission segment; Furthermore, one end of both the first branch transmission segment and the second branch transmission segment is electrically connected to the bifurcation point, and the other end of the first branch transmission segment and the second branch transmission segment is electrically connected to the first matching circuit and the second matching circuit, respectively.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first transmission line further includes: a main transmission section, one end of which is electrically connected to the feed point, and the other end of the main transmission section, one end of the first branch transmission section, and one end of the second branch transmission section intersect to form the bifurcation point.

8. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The first connection point, the second connection point, and the bifurcation point are located on the same straight line.

9. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The line connecting the first connection point and the branch point on the first transmission line forms an angle with the line connecting the second connection point and the branch point.

10. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The first antenna further includes a first switch, which is located on the connection link between the first radiator and the first connection point.

11. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The first antenna further includes a second switch, which is located on the connection link between the second radiator and the second connection point.

12. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The second antenna further includes a third switch, one end of which is electrically connected to the third radiator and the other end of which is grounded; or, the other end of the third radiator is grounded through the third switch.

13. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, Also includes: The circuit board, wherein the first transmission line, the second transmission line, the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit, and the power supply point are all located on the circuit board; The first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are located on the outer side of the edge of the circuit board.

14. The antenna structure according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are located on the same side of the outer edge of the circuit board; Furthermore, the first radiator is located between the second radiator and the third radiator; Alternatively, the second radiator may be located between the first radiator and the third radiator.

15. The antenna structure according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first radiator and the second radiator are located on adjacent sides of the circuit board, respectively.

16. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-15, characterized in that, Both the first radiator and the second radiator include: a first vertical branch and a first horizontal branch, with one end of the first vertical branch electrically connected to the first horizontal branch.

17. The antenna structure according to claim 16, characterized in that, The first radiator and the second radiator further include: a second vertical branch, one end of which is electrically connected to the first horizontal branch, and the other end of which faces the first transmission line.

18. The antenna structure according to claim 17, characterized in that, The first radiator and the second radiator further include: a second transverse branch, one end of which is electrically connected to the second vertical branch, and the other end of which faces the first vertical branch and is spaced apart from the first vertical branch.

19. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-18, characterized in that, The third radiator includes a third horizontal branch, a third vertical branch, and a fourth vertical branch. One end of the third vertical branch and the fourth vertical branch are electrically connected to the third horizontal branch, the other end of the third vertical branch is electrically connected to the second transmission line, and the other end of the fourth vertical branch is grounded.

20. The antenna structure according to claim 19, characterized in that, The third radiator further includes a fifth vertical branch, which is located between the third vertical branch and the fourth vertical branch. One end of the fifth vertical branch is electrically connected to the third horizontal branch, and the other end of the fifth vertical branch is grounded.

21. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-18, characterized in that, The third radiator includes a fourth transverse branch, a fifth transverse branch, a sixth transverse branch, a sixth vertical branch, and a seventh vertical branch; The two ends of the fourth transverse branch are electrically connected to the sixth vertical branch and the seventh vertical branch, respectively, and the other ends of the sixth vertical branch and the seventh vertical branch are electrically connected to one end of the fifth transverse branch and the sixth transverse branch, respectively. The other end of the fifth transverse branch is electrically connected to the second transmission line, and the other end of the sixth transverse branch is grounded.

22. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-15, characterized in that, The first antenna operates in the mid-to-high frequency band, while the second antenna operates in the low frequency band.

23. The antenna structure according to claim 22, characterized in that, The mid-to-high frequency band is 1710-2690MHz, and the low frequency band is 698-960MHz.

24. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-23, characterized in that, The first transmission line and the second transmission line are microstrip lines or cables.

25. An electronic device, characterized in that, The antenna structure includes any one of the claims 1-24 above.

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