Variable-amplitude linkage-based sliding counterweight mechanism and crane

Abstract

The application discloses a variable-amplitude linkage-based sliding counterweight mechanism and a crane, which comprises a lifting arm, a winch box, a connecting rod and a counterweight, wherein the counterweight is slidingly connected with the bottom of the winch box, one end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected with the lifting arm, and the other end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected with the counterweight. The application adopts the principle of a slider-crank mechanism, and when the lifting arm is changed from a horizontal position to a working position, the connecting rod connected with the lifting arm drives the counterweight to slide backward relative to the rotating center of the crane, so that the gravity center of the counterweight is moved backward as a whole, and the torque of the counterweight acting on the rotating center is increased. The application is simple in operation and easy to control, is suitable for the crane with a relatively small counterweight, and the counterweight sliding is suitable for not only the fixed counterweight but also the combined counterweight. Meanwhile, the counterweight can be conveniently locked in the transfer state and the working state, and the safety is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a sliding counterweight mechanism based on variable amplitude linkage and a crane. BACKGROUND

[0002] The stability of a crane is one of the key indicators affecting the lifting performance of a crane. In order to increase the lifting performance of a crane, the weight of the counterweight is often increased to the limit that can be carried by the axle in the design of the crane to maximize the stability of the crane. In principle, the moment generated by the counterweight relative to the center of rotation truly affects the stability of the crane. Assuming that the weight of the counterweight is Q and the distance between the center of gravity of the counterweight and the center of rotation is L, then the moment of the counterweight acting on the center of rotation is W=Q×L. Therefore, increasing the distance between the center of gravity of the counterweight and the center of rotation or increasing the weight of the counterweight can improve the stability of the crane. There are currently two technical solutions for combined counterweights and mobile counterweights.

[0003] Combined counterweight: Due to the bridge load and safety considerations of the crane, the crane only carries a small amount of counterweight or even no counterweight during driving or site transfer. The crane is fixed after the vehicle is positioned in the lifting work area, and the counterweight is hung on the crane through hydraulic cylinders or other means to increase the lifting stability of the crane by increasing the weight of the counterweight. However, the combined counterweight has the following disadvantages: (1) the amount of counterweight carried by the vehicle is limited, and the counterweight needs to be transported by an additional vehicle, increasing the use cost; (2) the counterweight needs to be moved and hung by lifting, increasing the lifting cost.

[0004] Guide rail type mobile counterweight: The weight of the counterweight of the crane is fixed, and the lifting stability of the crane is improved by moving the counterweight relative to the center of rotation by a certain distance through external force. For example, the mobile counterweight mechanism for engineering machinery disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN102583176A has two guide rails fixed on the bottom of the hoist box on both sides, and a sliding block fixed on the counterweight. When the sliding block moves along the guide rail under the push of the oil cylinder, the counterweight also moves the same distance L. The movement of the sliding block of the mechanism requires an additional large driving oil cylinder as power drive, increasing the system complexity. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a sliding counterweight mechanism based on variable amplitude linkage and a crane using the principle of crank slider mechanism.

[0006] Technical solution: A sliding counterweight mechanism based on variable amplitude linkage, comprising a crane arm, a hoist box, a connecting rod, and a counterweight. The counterweight is slidingly connected to the bottom of the hoist box. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the crane arm, and the other end is hinged to the counterweight.

[0007] The first hinge point is arranged on the hoisting arm, the second hinge point and the fourth hinge point are arranged on the connecting rod, the first hinge point is hingedly connected with the second hinge point through a first pin shaft, the hoisting arm is provided with a first driving device for controlling insertion and extraction of the first pin shaft, the top of the winch box is provided with a third hinge point matched with the fourth hinge point on the connecting rod, the fourth hinge point is hingedly connected with the third hinge point through a second pin shaft, and the winch box is provided with a second driving device for controlling insertion and extraction of the second pin shaft.

[0008] Further, the first driving device and the second driving device are oil cylinders or electric cylinders.

[0009] Further, the hoisting arm is provided with a guide rail for accommodating sliding of the hinge point of the connecting rod and the hoisting arm, the hinge point is limited in the guide rail through a third pin shaft, and the hoisting arm is provided with a third driving device for controlling insertion and extraction of the third pin shaft.

[0010] Further, the third driving device is an oil cylinder or an electric cylinder.

[0011] Further, the hoisting arm is driven to be lifted through the luffing oil cylinder mounted on the vehicle frame.

[0012] Further, the hoisting arm is hingedly connected with the winch box.

[0013] Further, the bottom of the winch box is provided with a sliding rail, and the top of the counterweight is provided with a sliding block in sliding fit connection with the sliding rail.

[0014] Further, the counterweight is a combined counterweight of a plurality of counterweight blocks.

[0015] A crane using the variable-luffing linkage-based sliding counterweight mechanism as described above.

[0016] Technical principle: the principle of the slider-crank mechanism is adopted, and when the hoisting arm is luffed from the horizontal position to the working position, the connecting rod connected with the hoisting arm drives the counterweight to slide backward relative to the rotation center of the hoisting machine, so that the overall backward movement of the gravity center of the counterweight is realized, and the moment of force of the counterweight acting on the rotation center is increased.

[0017] Advantages: compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: (1) the present application adopts the principle of the slider-crank mechanism, and the counterweight is driven to slide and move backward by the power when the hoisting arm is luffed, without the need for additional power, which is simple to operate and easy to control, and is suitable for hoisting machines with relatively small counterweight; (2) the counterweight sliding is not only suitable for fixed counterweights, but also suitable for combined counterweights; (3) the counterweight can be conveniently locked in the transit and working states, and has high safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structure diagram of the first embodiment of the present application in a running state.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a simplified structural diagram of the crane in its traveling state according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a simplified structural diagram of the counterweight mechanism in operation according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a simplified structural diagram of the crane in operation state according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a simplified diagram of the counterweight mechanism connecting rod and winch box fixing structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a simplified structural diagram of the counterweight mechanism in the driving state according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a simplified structural diagram of the counterweight mechanism in operation according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-lifting boom, 2-winner box, 3-connecting rod, 4-counterweight, 5-guide rail, 6-luffing cylinder, 7-slide rail, 8-connecting rod and lifting boom hinge point, 9-lifting boom and winch box hinge point, 10-slewing center, 11-counterweight and connecting rod hinge point, 12-frame, 13-connecting rod and winch box hinge point. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] The present invention relates to a sliding counterweight mechanism and crane based on variable amplitude linkage, such as... Figures 1-5 As shown, the system includes a boom 1, a winch box 2, a connecting rod 3, and a counterweight 4. The boom 1 is lifted by a luffing cylinder 6 mounted on the frame. The boom 1 is hinged to the winch box 2, and the counterweight 4 is slidably connected to the bottom of the winch box 2. The bottom of the winch box 2 is provided with a slide rail 7, and the top of the counterweight 4 is provided with a slider that slidably engages with the slide rail 7, allowing the counterweight to slide back and forth relative to the rotation center 10. One end of the connecting rod 3 is hinged to the boom 1, and the other end is hinged to the counterweight 4. The boom 1 has a first hinge point, and the connecting rod 3 has a second hinge point and a fourth hinge point. The first hinge point and the second hinge point are hinged together by a first pin. The boom 1 is provided with a first pin cylinder or electric cylinder for controlling the insertion and removal of the first pin. The top of the winch box 2 is provided with a third hinge point that engages with the fourth hinge point on the connecting rod 3. The fourth hinge point and the third hinge point are hinged together by a second pin. The winch box 2 is provided with a second pin cylinder or electric cylinder for controlling the insertion and removal of the second pin.

[0029] When working, the cylinder rod of the luffing cylinder 6 extends, the boom 1 rotates around the boom and winch box hinge point 9, the boom 1 pushes the counterweight 4 to slide backward to the limiting position through the connecting rod 3 connected to the boom 1 and the counterweight 4, the counterweight moves backward, and the moment of force of the counterweight 4 acting on the rotation center 10 is increased. After the boom 1 rotates to the maximum angle position, the pin oil cylinder or electric cylinder fixed to the boom 1 removes the first pin shaft connecting the boom 1 and the connecting rod 3, so that the boom 1 and the connecting rod 3 are disconnected, and the second pin oil cylinder or electric cylinder fixed to the winch box 2 fixes the connecting rod 3 to the connecting rod and winch box hinge point 13 of the winch box 2 through the second pin shaft, so that the counterweight 4 is locked. At this time, the position of the counterweight 4 is fixed, and the crane enters the working state, as shown in Figure 7 .

[0030] After the crane finishes working, the boom 1 rotates to the maximum angle again, the pin oil cylinder or electric cylinder fixed to the winch box removes the pin shaft connecting the connecting rod and the winch box, and the pin oil cylinder or electric cylinder fixed to the boom 1 inserts the pin shaft connecting the boom and the connecting rod, so that the counterweight 7 returns to the driving position along with the boom 1.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] As shown in Figures 6-7 , the difference between this embodiment and example 1 is that the boom 1 is provided with a guide rail 5 accommodating the sliding of the connecting rod 3 and the boom 1 hinge point, the hinge point is limited in the guide rail 5 through a third pin shaft, and the boom 1 is provided with a third pin oil cylinder or electric cylinder for controlling the insertion and removal of the third pin shaft.

[0033] The connecting rod and boom hinge point 8 is in a sliding form, when the crane is driving, the connecting rod and boom hinge point 8 is fixed in the guide rail 5 on the boom 1 through the third pin shaft connected by the third oil cylinder or electric cylinder. When the boom 1 luffs to the maximum position, that is, the counterweight 4 reaches the predetermined position, the boom and connecting rod hinge point 8 is disconnected from the guide rail fixing point through the third pin shaft connected by the third oil cylinder or electric cylinder, and the boom 1 and the connecting rod 3 hinge point 8 can slide along the guide rail 5 installed on the boom 1 during the crane working process. When the working state ends, the boom 1 luffs to the maximum position, the hinge point 8 is fixed in the guide rail 5 through the pin shaft connected by the third oil cylinder or electric cylinder, and the pin shaft of the counterweight 4 is unlocked and returns to the driving position along with the boom 1 luffing.

[0034] The boom 1 and the connecting rod 3 hinge point 8 can be fixed to a certain fixed point in the slide rail according to the sliding distance of the counterweight 4, so as to adjust the sliding distance of the counterweight.

Claims

1. A variable amplitude linkage based skid type counterweight mechanism comprising a lifting arm (1), a hoist box (2), characterized in that, Further comprising a connecting rod (3) and a counterweight (4), the counterweight (4) is slidingly connected with the bottom of the winch box (2), one end of the connecting rod (3) is hinged with the crane arm (1), and the other end is hinged with the counterweight (4); Scheme one: the crane arm (1) is provided with a first hinge point, the connecting rod (3) is provided with a second hinge point and a fourth hinge point, the first hinge point and the second hinge point are hinged through a first pin shaft, the crane arm (1) is provided with a first driving device for controlling the insertion and extraction of the first pin shaft, the top of the winch box (2) is provided with a third hinge point matched with the fourth hinge point on the connecting rod (3), the fourth hinge point and the third hinge point are hinged through a second pin shaft, the winch box (2) is provided with a second driving device for controlling the insertion and extraction of the second pin shaft; during operation, the cylinder rod of the luffing cylinder (6) is extended to drive the crane arm (1) to rotate around the crane arm and winch box hinge point (9), the connecting rod (3) connected with the crane arm (1) and the counterweight (4) pushes the counterweight (4) to slide backward to the limiting position, realizing the backward movement of the counterweight; after the crane arm (1) rotates to the maximum angle position, the pin oil cylinder or electric cylinder fixed on the crane arm (1) removes the first pin shaft connecting the crane arm (1) and the connecting rod (3), so that the crane arm (1) and the connecting rod (3) are disconnected, at the same time, the second pin oil cylinder or electric cylinder fixed on the winch box (2) fixes the connecting rod (3) on the connecting rod and winch box hinge point (13) of the winch box (2) through the second pin shaft, locking the counterweight (4); after the completion of the operation of the crane, the crane arm (1) rotates to the maximum angle again, the pin oil cylinder or electric cylinder fixed on the winch box removes the pin shaft connecting the connecting rod and the winch box, the pin oil cylinder or electric cylinder fixed on the crane arm (1) inserts the pin shaft connecting the crane arm and the connecting rod, and the counterweight (4) is reset to the driving position following the crane arm (1); Or, scheme two: the crane arm (1) is provided with a guide rail (5) accommodating the sliding of the hinge point of the connecting rod (3) and the crane arm (1), the hinge point is limited in the guide rail (5) through a third pin shaft, and the crane arm (1) is provided with a third driving device for controlling the insertion and extraction of the third pin shaft; when the crane arm (1) luffs up to the maximum position, the hinge point (8) of the crane arm and the connecting rod is disconnected from the guide rail fixing point through the third pin shaft connected by the third oil cylinder or electric cylinder, and the hinge point (8) of the crane arm (1) and the connecting rod (3) can slide with the guide rail (5) installed on the crane arm (1) during the operation of the crane; when the operation state ends, the crane arm (1) luffs up to the maximum position, the hinge point (8) is fixed in the guide rail (5) through the pin shaft connected by the third oil cylinder or electric cylinder, and the pin shaft of the counterweight (4) is unlocked and reset to the driving position following the luffing of the crane arm (1).

2. The variable amplitude linkage based sliding counterweight mechanism of claim 1, wherein, In scheme one, the first driving device and the second driving device are oil cylinders or electric cylinders.

3. The variable amplitude linkage based sliding counterweight mechanism of claim 1, wherein, In scheme two, the third driving device is an oil cylinder or an electric cylinder.

4. The variable amplitude linkage based sliding counterweight mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The crane arm (1) is lifted up by the luffing cylinder (6) installed on the frame.

5. The variable amplitude linked slippable counterweight mechanism of claim 4, wherein, The crane arm (1) is hinged with the winch box (2).

6. The variable amplitude linked slippable counterweight mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the winch box (2) is provided with a sliding rail (7), and the top of the counterweight (4) is provided with a sliding block slidingly matched and connected with the sliding rail (7).

7. The variable amplitude linked slippable counterweight mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The counterweight (4) is a combined counterweight of several counterweight masses.

8. A crane, characterized in that Use of a variable amplitude linkage based sliding counterweight mechanism as claimed in any of claims 1-7.

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