Anchor injection anchor rod support construction method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of anchor rod construction, and particularly discloses an anchor-anchored anchor rod supporting construction method. The anchor-anchored anchor rod supporting construction method comprises the following steps: drilling a hole in surrounding rock; placing an anchor rod on an anchor-anchored anchor rod supporting construction device, feeding a drill box on the anchor-anchored anchor rod supporting construction device to drive the anchor rod to advance; detecting the feeding pressure of the drill box, if the feeding pressure is less than or equal to a first pressure threshold, the drill box continues to advance; if the feeding pressure is greater than the first pressure threshold, the drill box stops; electrifying an electromagnet component on the anchor-anchored anchor rod supporting construction device to apply a pre-tightening force to the anchor rod; pumping an anchoring agent into the hole; retreating the drill box, detecting the retreat pressure of the drill box, if the retreat pressure is less than or equal to a second pressure threshold, the drill box continues to retreat; if the feeding pressure is greater than the second pressure threshold, the drill box stops. The application can improve the construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of anchor bolt construction technology, and specifically to an anchor bolt support construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In geotechnical engineering, including underground engineering, mining engineering, and foundation pit and slope engineering, a major support technique for reinforcing the strata to prevent deformation, collapse, or instability that could endanger safety is anchor bolt reinforcement. This technique utilizes the high tensile strength of anchor bolts embedded in the strata and the tight bond between the anchor bolt and the surrounding anchoring agent to the strata, thus reinforcing the strata. In coal mine roadway support, anchor bolts reinforce the surrounding rock, allowing the rock to support itself. As a tension member extending deep into the strata, the anchor bolt connects at one end to the engineering structure and at the other end into the strata, reinforcing the strata through a tight bond between the anchor bolt and the surrounding anchoring agent.

[0003] In the construction process of anchor injection anchor bolts in related technologies, after drilling is completed, the anchor bolt is installed in the borehole and the anchoring agent is injected. Finally, pre-tightening is performed to complete the installation of the anchor bolt. However, before pre-tightening, it is necessary to wait for the anchoring agent to solidify, which reduces the construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention propose a method for anchor bolt support construction, which can improve construction efficiency.

[0005] The anchor bolt support construction method of this invention includes an anchor bolt comprising a rod body, a nut assembly, and a resistance-enhancing assembly. The rod body has a first external thread section at its head. The nut assembly and the resistance-enhancing assembly are sequentially arranged outside the first external thread section from the head to the tail of the rod body. The nut assembly has a filling medium on its side facing the first external thread section. The filling medium is solid under the influence of a magnetic field. A preset gap is provided between the resistance-enhancing assembly and the first external thread section. The anchor bolt support construction method includes the following steps: drilling a hole in the surrounding rock; placing the anchor bolt on the anchor bolt support construction equipment. The drilling rig on the anchor bolt support construction equipment feeds the anchor bolt forward; the feed pressure of the drilling rig is detected. If the feed pressure is less than or equal to a first pressure threshold, the drilling rig continues to advance; if the feed pressure is greater than the first pressure threshold, the drilling rig stops; the electromagnet component on the anchor bolt support construction equipment is energized to apply a preload to the anchor bolt; anchoring agent is pumped into the borehole; the drilling rig retracts, and the retraction pressure is detected. If the retraction pressure is less than or equal to a second pressure threshold, the drilling rig continues to retract; if the feed pressure is greater than the second pressure threshold, the drilling rig stops.

[0006] The anchor bolt support construction method of this invention involves energizing the electromagnet component. When a pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor bolt, the nut assembly moves from left to right, compressing the resistance-increasing component. This causes the resistance-increasing component to expand and deform, anchoring the anchor bolt to the surrounding rock. Continuing to rotate the bolt body applies another pre-tightening force. Through the cooperation of the nut assembly, the first external thread, and the resistance-increasing component, the anchor bolt is reliably fixed in the surrounding rock. This allows for the application of pre-tightening force to the anchor bolt before pumping the anchoring agent into the borehole. Compared to related technologies where the anchoring agent is pumped first and pre-tightened after solidification, this significantly reduces construction time, enabling rapid anchor bolt installation and improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, by detecting the working pressure of the drill box on the drill arm, the progress of anchor bolt placement is determined, thus achieving automated operation. Compared to existing anchor bolt construction methods, this method simplifies the anchor bolt construction process, reduces the types and quantities of equipment required, lowers reliance on personnel, increases the automation and unmanned operation of anchor bolt construction, and improves construction efficiency.

[0007] In this embodiment, the nut assembly includes a sleeve and a sealing component. The sealing component is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, the filling medium is disposed inside the sealing component, and the sealing component is at least partially sleeved on the first external thread section.

[0008] In this embodiment, the sealing component includes: a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring, the outer wall surfaces of the first and second sealing rings being connected to the inner wall surface of the sleeve, the first and second sealing rings being spaced apart at both ends of the sleeve, and the first and second sealing rings having internal threads; and a leak-proof membrane, the leak-proof membrane being disposed outside the rod body, with one end of the leak-proof membrane connected to the first sealing ring and the other end of the leak-proof membrane connected to the second sealing ring, the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring, and the leak-proof membrane forming a filling space to accommodate the filling medium.

[0009] In this embodiment, the resistance-increasing assembly includes an expansion plate and a first cylinder. One end of the first cylinder adjacent to the nut assembly is connected to one end of the expansion plate, and the expansion plate is at least partially in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve.

[0010] In this embodiment, drilling the surrounding rock includes the following steps: placing the drill rod on the anchor-support construction equipment, and the drill box on the anchor-support construction equipment feeds the drill rod to drill; detecting the feed pressure of the drill box, if the feed pressure is less than or equal to a third pressure threshold, the drill box continues to advance; if the feed pressure is greater than the third pressure threshold, the drill box drives the drill rod to retract; detecting the retraction pressure of the drill box, if the retraction pressure is less than or equal to a fourth pressure threshold, the drill box continues to retract; if the feed pressure is greater than the fourth pressure threshold, the drill box stops and the drill rod is removed.

[0011] In this embodiment, a pre-tightening component is provided at the tail of the anchor rod. Applying pre-tightening force to the anchor rod includes the following steps: the drill box drives the pre-tightening component to rotate, and the pre-tightening pressure of the pre-tightening component is detected. If the pre-tightening pressure is less than or equal to a fifth pressure threshold, the rotating part on the drill box drives the pre-tightening component to rotate; if the pre-tightening pressure is greater than the fifth pressure threshold, the rotating part stops rotating.

[0012] In this embodiment, the pre-tightening component includes: a limiting nut, wherein a second external thread section is provided at one end of the rod body away from the nut assembly and the resistance-increasing assembly, the limiting nut being threaded onto the second external thread section of the rod body, and the limiting nut having a first face and a second face opposite each other in the axial direction; and a driving nut, wherein the driving nut has a first face and a second face opposite each other in the axial direction, and the driving nut being threaded onto the second external thread section, wherein when the driving nut rotates clockwise, the first face of the driving nut abuts against the second face of the limiting nut, and the rotational torque applied by the driving nut to the limiting nut is less than the rotational torque required for the limiting nut to rotate relative to the rod body.

[0013] In this embodiment, the anchor bolt support construction equipment is provided with an abutment part for abutting the surrounding rock, and includes the following steps: S105, the abutment part is fed forward, and the feed pressure of the abutment part is detected. If the feed pressure is less than or equal to a sixth pressure threshold, the abutment part continues to advance; if the feed pressure is greater than a fifth pressure threshold, the abutment part stops advancing; S165, the abutment part retracts; wherein, step S105 is performed before drilling the surrounding rock, and step S165 is performed after the drill box retracts.

[0014] In this embodiment, the anchor-injection anchor support construction equipment is equipped with a rotatable robotic arm assembly. The steps include drilling holes in the surrounding rock and placing the anchor rod on the anchor-injection anchor support construction equipment, using the robotic arm assembly to transport the drill rod and the anchor rod.

[0015] In this embodiment, the anchoring and grouting support construction equipment includes a drill arm, and the robotic arm assembly is rotatably connected to the drill arm. The end of the robotic arm assembly is provided with a clamping part for clamping the drill rod or the anchor rod. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor bolt structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the anchor bolt according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3This is a cross-sectional view of the nut assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the anchor bolt support construction equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the anchoring and grouting support construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure label:

[0022] 1. Rod body; 11. First external thread section; 12. Second external thread section; 2. Limiting nut; 21. First face of the limiting nut; 22. Second face of the limiting nut; 3. Drive nut; 31. First face of the drive nut; 32. Second face of the drive nut; 33. First section of the drive nut; 34. Second section of the drive nut; 341. Mating hole; 4. Nut assembly; 41. Sleeve; 42. Sealing component; 421. Filling medium; 422. First sealing ring; 423. Second sealing ring; 424. Leak-proof membrane; 5. Resistance-increasing component; 51. Expansion plate; 52. First cylinder; 6. Drill bit;

[0023] 100. Drill arm; 101. Robotic arm mounting frame; 102. Connecting plate; 103. Connecting shaft; 104. Abutment part; 105. Guide hole; 110. Drill box; 111. Rotating part; 120. Robotic arm assembly; 130. Drill rod; 140. Anchor bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In the anchoring and grouting support construction method of this embodiment, as follows: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the anchor bolt 140 includes a rod body 1, a nut assembly 4, and a resistance-increasing assembly 5. The head of the rod body 1 (i.e., Figure 1 The left end of the rod has a first external thread section 11. The nut assembly 4 and the resistance-increasing assembly 5 are arranged sequentially from the head to the tail of the rod body 1 outside the first external thread section 11. The nut assembly 4 has a filling medium 421 on the side facing the first external thread section 11. The filling medium 421 is solid under the action of a magnetic field. A preset gap is provided between the resistance-increasing assembly 5 and the first external thread section 11.

[0026] Specifically, the anchor bolt 140 also includes a drill bit 6 and an electromagnet component (not shown), with the drill bit 6 connected to the head of the bolt body 1. The electromagnet component is spaced apart from the bolt body 1. The filling medium 421 is solid under the influence of an external magnetic field and liquid when no external magnetic field is applied. A magnetic field is generated by energizing the electromagnet component, acting on the filling medium 421. For example, the filling medium 421 can be a magnetorheological fluid.

[0027] The outer circumferential surface of the rod 1 between the connection point of the drill bit 6 and the rod body 1 and the left end of the first external thread section 11 is a smooth outer circumferential surface, which can reduce the friction between the nut assembly 4 and the rod body 1.

[0028] It should be noted that when the electromagnet component is not energized, the filling medium 421 is liquid, and the nut assembly 4 contacts the outer wall of the first external thread section 11. The part of the nut assembly 4 that contacts the first external thread forms an internal thread. When the rod body 1 rotates clockwise, the nut assembly 4 moves from right to left away from the resistance-increasing component 5 until the nut assembly 4 comes into contact with the drill bit 6. When the electromagnet component is energized, the filling medium becomes solid under the action of the magnetic field. When the rod body 1 is rotated in the reverse direction, the nut assembly 4 moves from left to right and squeezes the resistance-increasing component 5, causing the resistance-increasing component 5 to expand and deform, thus anchoring the anchor rod 140 to the surrounding rock. When the rod body 1 continues to rotate, a preload can be applied to the rod body 1. Through the cooperation of the nut assembly 4, the first external thread, and the resistance-increasing component, the anchoring and preload process of the anchor rod 140 can be quickly achieved. Furthermore, by setting a liquid filling medium 421, the friction between the rod 1 and the nut assembly 4 can be reduced when the rod 1 is rotated in the forward direction, thereby reducing the rotational torque applied to the nut assembly 4 by the rod 1. This can prevent the nut assembly 4 from moving to the left during drilling, which would cause the nut assembly 4 to lock with the rod 1.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the nut assembly 4 includes a sleeve 41 and a sealing component 42. The sealing component 42 is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 41. The filling medium 421 is disposed inside the sealing component 42. The sealing component 42 is at least partially sleeved on the first external thread section 11.

[0030] It is understood that the sleeve 41 can provide support for the sealing component 42, the filling medium 421 is disposed inside the sealing component 42, and the sealing component 42 can seal the filling medium 421 to prevent leakage of the filling medium 421.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the sealing component 42 includes a first sealing ring 422, a second sealing ring 423, and a leak-proof membrane 424. The outer walls of the first sealing ring 422 and the second sealing ring 423 are connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 41. The first sealing ring 422 and the second sealing ring 423 are spaced apart at both ends of the sleeve 41. The first sealing ring 422 and the second sealing ring 423 have internal threads. The leak-proof membrane 424 is disposed on the outside of the rod body 1, and one end of the leak-proof membrane 424 is connected to the first sealing ring 422, and the other end of the leak-proof membrane 424 is connected to the second sealing ring 423. The first sealing ring 422, the second sealing ring 423, and the leak-proof membrane 424 form a filling space to accommodate the filling medium 421.

[0032] Specifically, the first sealing ring 422 is located at the left end of the inner wall of the sleeve 41, and the second sealing ring 423 is located at the right end of the inner wall of the sleeve 41. Both the first and second sealing rings have internal threads that mate with the first external thread section 11. The outer wall of the first sealing ring 422 is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 41, and the outer wall of the second sealing ring 423 is also connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 41. The left end of the leak-proof membrane 424 is connected to the first sealing ring 422, and the right end of the leak-proof membrane 424 is connected to the second sealing ring 423. A sealing ring 422, a second sealing ring 423, and a leak-proof membrane 424 form a filling space to accommodate the filling medium 421. Alternatively, the leak-proof membrane 424 has a filling space to fill the filling medium 421. The leak-proof membrane 424 can be made of rubber and has a certain elasticity. When the filling medium 421 is liquid, the rod 1 rotates forward. At this time, the leak-proof membrane 424 deforms due to friction with the first external thread section 11, which can reduce the friction between the leak-proof membrane 424 and the first external thread section 11.

[0033] It is understandable that by setting the first sealing ring 422, the second sealing ring 423 and the leak-proof membrane 424, leakage of the filling medium 421 after filling is avoided, which would lead to the loss of the filling medium 421. After drilling is completed, the electromagnet component is turned on, the rod 1 is reversed, and the filling medium 421 becomes solid under the action of the magnetic field, which causes the leak-proof membrane 424 to deform and generate an internal thread that mates with the first external thread. The sealing component 42 and the sleeve 41 move to the right, which squeezes the resistance-increasing component 5 to fix the anchor rod 140.

[0034] In this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the dimensions of the first sealing ring 422 and the second sealing ring 423 in the axial direction of the rod body 1 are both A, and 3mm≤A≤8mm.

[0035] For example, A can be 3mm, 3.2mm, 3.3mm, 3.5mm, 3.6mm, 3.7mm, 3.8mm, 4.0mm, 4.2mm, 4.3mm, 4.4mm, 4.5mm, 4.6mm, 4.7mm, 4.8mm, 4.9mm, 5.0mm, 5.2mm, 5.3mm, 5.5mm, 5.9mm, 6.0mm, 6.1mm, 7.5mm, 7.9mm, or 8.0mm, etc. The dimensions of the first sealing ring 422 and the second sealing ring 423 in the axial direction of the rod body 1 are 3mm≤A≤8mm. When the rod body 1 is reversed, the second sealing ring 423, which is in contact with the first external thread, moves to the right under the friction of the threaded engagement and the soil layer, thereby driving the sealing component 42 to move to the right. The first external thread section 11 contacts the leak-proof membrane 424 so that the leak-proof membrane 424 can form an internal thread that engages with the first external thread section 11. This facilitates the movement of the nut assembly 4 from left to right when the rod body 1 is reversed, thereby improving the stability and safety of the anchor rod 140.

[0036] In some embodiments, the outer wall surfaces of the first sealing ring 422 and the second sealing ring 423 and the inner wall surface of the sleeve 41 are coated with structural adhesive.

[0037] Specifically, structural adhesive is applied between the outer peripheral surface of the first sealing ring 422 and the inner wall surface of the sleeve 41, thereby fixing the first sealing ring 422 to the inner wall surface of the sleeve 41. Structural adhesive is applied between the outer peripheral surface of the second sealing ring 423 and the inner wall surface of the sleeve 41, thereby fixing the second sealing ring 423 to the inner wall surface of the sleeve 41.

[0038] It is understandable that connecting the first sealing ring 422 and the sleeve 41, and connecting the second sealing ring 423 and the sleeve 41 with structural adhesive can improve the stability of the connection between the first sealing ring 422 and the sleeve 41, and improve the stability of the connection between the second sealing ring 423 and the sleeve 41. Moreover, the structure is compact and saves space.

[0039] In some embodiments, the dimension of the sleeve 41 in the radial direction of the rod 1 gradually increases in the direction away from the drag-increasing assembly 5.

[0040] Understandably, the radial dimension of the sleeve 41 gradually decreases from left to right, and the sleeve 41 gradually moves from left to right, which facilitates the gradual rightward movement of the sleeve 41, making it easier to expand the expansion plate 51 radially towards the rod body 1, thereby improving the stability and safety of the anchor rod 140 connection.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the resistance-increasing assembly 5 includes an expansion plate 51 and a first cylinder 52. One end of the first cylinder 52 near the nut assembly 4 is connected to one end of the expansion plate 51. The expansion plate 51 is at least partially in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 41.

[0042] For example, there can be multiple expansion plates 51, and multiple expansion plates 51 are arranged at circumferential intervals in the first cylinder 52, which helps to improve the stability of the anchor bolt 140 connection.

[0043] Specifically, a shoulder is formed at the right end of the first external thread on the rod body 1, and the first cylinder 52 abuts against the shoulder. The shoulder can be used to limit the resistance increasing component 5.

[0044] Understandably, when the rod 1 is rotated in the opposite direction and the nut assembly moves to the right end of the rod 1, the expansion plate 51 can be pushed outwards from the rod 1 and extended into the soil or rock layer, thereby reliably fixing the anchor rod 140.

[0045] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the construction method for anchor bolt support includes the following steps:

[0046] S110, drilling is performed on the surrounding rock.

[0047] S120, the anchor bolt 140 is placed on the anchoring and grouting support construction equipment, and the drill box 110 on the anchoring and grouting support construction equipment feeds and drives the anchor bolt 140 forward.

[0048] S130, detect the feed pressure of the drill box 110. If the feed pressure is less than or equal to the first pressure threshold, the drill box 110 continues to advance; if the feed pressure is greater than the first pressure threshold, the drill box 110 stops. The first pressure threshold is the feed threshold of the drill box 110. When the drill box 110 advances to a certain extent, it abuts against the feed limiter on the drill arm 100, or the drive component used to drive the drill box 110 forward reaches its stroke limit, or the end of the anchor rod 140 abuts against the bottom of the borehole, all of these will cause the feed pressure of the drill box 110 to exceed the first pressure threshold, indicating that the drill box 110 has advanced to the correct position and the anchor rod 140 has been placed in the correct position. The drill box 110 stops advancing and retracts, leaving the anchor rod 140 in the borehole.

[0049] S140: Energize the electromagnet component on the anchor bolt support construction equipment to apply preload to the anchor bolt 140. The electromagnet component can be installed on the anchor bolt support construction equipment or in other locations; there are no restrictions on its installation.

[0050] S150, pumping anchoring agent into the borehole.

[0051] S160, Drill box 110 retracts. The retraction pressure of drill box 110 is detected. If the retraction pressure is less than or equal to the second pressure threshold, drill box 110 continues to retract; if the feed pressure is greater than the second pressure threshold, drill box 110 stops. The second pressure threshold is the retraction threshold of drill box 110. When drill box 110 retracts to a certain extent and abuts against the feed limiter on drill arm 100, or when the drive component used to drive drill box 110 to retract reaches its stroke limit, the retraction pressure of drill box 110 will exceed the second pressure threshold, indicating that drill box 110 has retracted to the correct position and drill box 110 stops retracting.

[0052] Steps S110 to S160 constitute the construction process for one anchor rod 140. After completing steps S110 to S160 once, the position of the drill arm 100 is changed, and steps S110 to S160 are repeated to complete the construction of multiple anchor rods 140.

[0053] In steps S130 and S160, the detection of the feed pressure or retraction pressure of the drill box 110 can be achieved by directly setting a pressure sensor on the drill box 110 or the drill arm 100 to directly detect the feed pressure or retraction pressure of the drill box 110; alternatively, a parameter sensor can be set on the drive device to indirectly estimate the feed pressure or retraction pressure of the drill box 110.

[0054] According to the anchor bolt support construction method of the present invention, when the electromagnet component is energized and a pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor bolt 140, the nut assembly 4 moves from left to right, squeezing the resistance-increasing component 5, causing the resistance-increasing component 5 to expand and deform, thus anchoring the anchor bolt 140 to the surrounding rock. Continuing to rotate the rod body 1 applies a pre-tightening force to the rod body 1. Through the cooperation of the nut assembly 4, the first external thread 12, and the resistance-increasing component 5, the anchor bolt 140 can be reliably fixed in the surrounding rock. Therefore, after applying the pre-tightening force to the anchor bolt 140, the anchoring agent can be pumped into the borehole. Compared to related technologies where the anchoring agent is pumped first and pre-tightened after solidification, this significantly reduces construction time, allowing for rapid installation of the anchor bolt 140 and improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, by detecting the working pressure of the drill box 110 on the drill arm 100, the working progress of the anchor bolt 140 can be determined, thereby achieving automated operation of placing the anchor bolt 140. Compared with the existing anchor bolt construction method, this method simplifies the anchor bolt construction process, reduces the types and quantities of equipment required for anchor bolt construction, lowers the dependence on personnel during anchor bolt construction, improves the automation and unmanned operation of anchor bolt construction, and enhances construction efficiency.

[0055] In this embodiment, drilling into the surrounding rock includes the following steps:

[0056] S113, the drill rod 130 is placed on the anchoring and grouting support construction equipment, and the drill box 110 on the anchoring and grouting support construction equipment feeds and drives the drill rod 130 to drill.

[0057] S116, the feed pressure of the drill box 110 is detected. If the feed pressure is less than or equal to the third pressure threshold, the drill box 110 continues to advance; if the feed pressure is greater than the third pressure threshold, the drill box 110 drives the drill rod 130 to retract. The third pressure threshold is the feed threshold of the drill box 110. When the drill box 110 advances to a certain extent and abuts against the feed limiter on the drill arm 100, or when the drive component used to drive the drill box 110 forward reaches its stroke limit, or when the drilling depth of the drill rod 130 reaches a certain extent, the feed pressure of the drill box 110 will exceed the third pressure threshold, indicating that the drill box 110 has advanced to the correct position and the drill rod 130 has completed its drilling. The drill box 110 then stops advancing and drives the drill rod 130 to retract. Since the working conditions when the drill box 110 pushes the drill rod 130 and when the drill box 110 pushes the anchor rod 140 are different, the third pressure threshold and the first pressure threshold can be the same or different.

[0058] S119, detect the retraction pressure of the drill box 110. If the retraction pressure is less than or equal to the fourth pressure threshold, the drill box 110 continues to retract; if the feed pressure is greater than the fourth pressure threshold, the drill box 110 stops and the drill rod 130 is removed. The fourth pressure threshold is the retraction threshold of the drill box 110. When the drill box 110 retracts to a certain extent and abuts against the feed limiter on the drill arm 100, or when the drive component used to drive the retraction of the drill box 110 reaches its stroke limit, the retraction pressure of the drill box 110 will exceed the fourth pressure threshold, indicating that the drill box 110 has retracted to the correct position and stops retracting. In step S119, the drill box 110 retracts together with the drill rod 130, while in step S160, the drill box 110 retracts alone. Therefore, the second pressure threshold and the fourth pressure threshold can be the same or different.

[0059] In this embodiment, a pre-tightening component is provided at the tail of the anchor bolt 140. Applying pre-tightening force to the anchor bolt 140 includes the following steps: the drill box 110 drives the pre-tightening component to rotate, and the pre-tightening pressure of the pre-tightening component is detected. If the pre-tightening pressure is less than or equal to the fifth pressure threshold, the rotating part 111 on the drill box 110 drives the pre-tightening component to rotate; if the pre-tightening pressure is greater than the fifth pressure threshold, the rotating part 111 stops rotating.

[0060] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the pre-tightening component includes a limiting nut 2 and a driving nut 3. The end of the rod body 1 away from the nut assembly 4 and the resistance-increasing assembly 5 is provided with a second external thread section 12. The limiting nut 2 is threaded onto the second external thread section 12 of the rod body 1. The limiting nut 2 has a first surface 21 and a second surface 22 that are opposite each other in the axial direction of the limiting nut 2. The driving nut 3 has a first surface 31 and a second surface 32 that are opposite each other in the axial direction of the driving nut 3. The driving nut 3 is threaded onto the second external thread section 12. When the driving nut 3 rotates forward, the first surface 31 of the driving nut abuts against the second surface 22 of the limiting nut, and the rotational torque applied by the driving nut 3 to the limiting nut 2 is less than the rotational torque required for the limiting nut 2 to rotate relative to the rod body 1.

[0061] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the first direction can be set to forward rotation and the second direction to reverse rotation. The limiting nut 2 and the driving nut 3 are sleeved on the second external thread section 12, and the limiting nut 2 is on the right side of the driving nut 3. The limiting nut 2 is set on the right end of the rod body 1 through threaded engagement. The first surface 21 of the limiting nut 2 is the right side surface, and the second surface 22 of the limiting nut 2 is the left side surface. The right side surface and the left side surface of the limiting nut 2 are opposite to each other in the left-right direction.

[0062] The drive nut 3 has a first surface 31 and a second surface 32 that are opposite each other in the axial direction. The drive nut 3 is threaded onto the rod 1. When the drive nut 3 rotates in the first direction, the first surface 31 of the drive nut abuts against the second surface 22 of the limiting nut, and the rotational torque applied by the drive nut 3 to the limiting nut 2 is less than the rotational torque required for the limiting nut 2 to rotate relative to the rod 1. This allows the limiting nut 2 to limit the movement of the drive nut 3 toward the left end of the rod 1, thereby causing the drive nut 3 to drive the rod 1 to rotate in the first direction.

[0063] The first surface 31 of the drive nut 3 is the right side surface, and the second surface 32 of the drive nut 3 is the left side surface. The right side surface and the left side surface of the drive nut 3 are opposite each other in the left and right direction. The drive nut 3 is threaded onto the rod body 1 and is located to the left of the limit nut 2.

[0064] When the drive nut 3 rotates in the first direction, the drive nut 3 moves to the right, causing the first surface 31 of the drive nut to abut against the second surface 22 of the limit nut. At this time, the rotational torque generated between the first surface 31 of the drive nut and the second surface 22 of the limit nut due to friction is less than the rotational torque required for the limit nut 2 to rotate relative to the rod 1. The limit nut 2 does not rotate relative to the rod 1, and the drive nut 3 is blocked by the limit nut 2 and cannot move to the right, thereby causing the rod 1 to rotate with the drive nut 3 in the first direction.

[0065] By using the limiting nut 2 to stop the drive nut 3, the drive nut 3 drives the rod 1 to rotate, thereby realizing the function of rotating the rod 1 to drill a hole. It has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost and stable performance.

[0066] In some embodiments, when the drive nut 3 reverses, the drive nut 3 applies a preload force to the rod 1 in the direction from the nut assembly 4 toward the limiting nut 2.

[0067] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, forward rotation can be set as the first direction and reverse rotation as the second direction. When the drive nut 3 reverses, since the reverse direction is opposite to the forward direction, the drive nut 3 moves to the left along the rod 1. However, since the drive nut 3 is located on the drilling and anchoring quick-installation anchor bolt equipment, it cannot move to the left. Therefore, it will drive the rod 1 to move from left to right relative to the drive nut 3. Since the rod 1 is fixed in the borehole and cannot move, the drive nut 3 will apply a pre-tightening force to the rod 1 from left to right to complete the pre-tightening of the rod 1.

[0068] In this embodiment, a preload is generated by driving the nut 3 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the rod 1 is preloaded. The operation steps are simple and can improve production efficiency.

[0069] In this embodiment, the anchor bolt support construction equipment is equipped with an abutment part 104 for abutting the surrounding rock, and includes the following steps:

[0070] S105, the contact part 104 is fed, and the feed pressure of the contact part 104 is detected. If the feed pressure is less than or equal to the sixth pressure threshold, the contact part 104 continues to advance; if the feed pressure is greater than the sixth pressure threshold, the contact part 104 stops advancing.

[0071] S165, the contact part 104 retracts;

[0072] Step S105 is performed before drilling into the surrounding rock, and step S165 is performed after the drill box 110 retracts. That is, after drilling is completed, the contact relationship between the abutment part 104 and the surrounding rock is released. The sixth pressure threshold is the feed threshold of the abutment part 104. When the abutment part 104 extends from the drill arm 100 and abuts against the surrounding rock, as the abutment part 104 continues to extend, the contact force between the abutment part 104 and the surrounding rock gradually increases until it reaches the sixth pressure threshold, indicating that a certain contact force has been reached between the abutment part 104 and the surrounding rock.

[0073] In this embodiment, a guide hole 105 is provided on the abutment portion 104, which serves to guide the drill rod 130 and the anchor rod 140. In the first position, the projection of the drill rod 130 or the anchor rod 140 along the line of the connecting shaft 103 of the rotating portion 111 falls within the guide hole 105. When the drill rod 130 or the anchor rod 140 advances, it first passes through the guide hole 105, and then drills or enters the borehole. The guide hole 105 can serve a rough visual guiding function. The size of the guide hole 105 is larger than the size of the drill rod 130 or the anchor rod 140, and the drill rod 130 or the anchor rod 140 does not contact the guide hole 105 when it advances. The guide hole 105 can also serve a precise guiding function. The size of the guide hole 105 is matched with the size of the drill rod 130 or the anchor rod 140 or is slightly larger than the size of the drill rod 130 or the anchor rod 140. If the drill rod 130 or the anchor rod 140 deviates when it advances, it will contact the hole wall of the guide hole 105. The guide hole 105 restricts the deviation of the drill rod 130 or the anchor rod 140, so that the drill rod 130 or the anchor rod 140 advances in a preset direction.

[0074] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the anchoring and grouting support construction equipment is equipped with a rotatable manipulator assembly 120. The steps include drilling holes in the surrounding rock and placing the anchor rod 140 on the anchoring and grouting support construction equipment. The manipulator assembly 120 is used to move the drill rod 130 and the anchor rod 140.

[0075] In some embodiments, a robot arm mounting frame 101 is provided on the drill arm 100, and the robot arm assembly 120 is rotatably connected to the robot arm mounting frame 101 to simplify the structure of the robot arm assembly 120 and facilitate the rotation of the robot arm assembly 120.

[0076] Preferably, the robotic arm mounting frame 101 includes at least two connecting plates 102 and a connecting shaft 103. The two connecting plates 102 are arranged in parallel and are respectively fixedly connected to the drill arm 100. One end of the connecting plate 102 is higher than the main body of the drill arm 100. The two ends of the connecting shaft 103 are respectively connected to the ends of the two connecting plates 102 away from the drill arm 100. The robotic arm assembly 120 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 103.

[0077] In some embodiments, the robotic arm assembly 120 includes a first assembly and a second assembly disposed on both sides of the drill arm 100, the first assembly and the second assembly respectively clamping the drill rod 130 and the anchor rod 140. Providing two sets of robotic arm assemblies 120 can improve the insertion and removal speed of the drill rod 130 and the anchor rod 140, thereby increasing operational efficiency.

[0078] For example, the first component is used to clamp the drill rod 130, and the second component is used to clamp the anchor rod 140. During the anchor rod 140 installation, initially both the first and second components are in the second position, with the drill rod 130 clamped on the first component and the anchor rod 140 clamped on the second component. After the drill arm 100 is placed at the preset drilling position, the first component rotates from the second position to the first position, and the drill box 110 slides forward, causing the rotating part 111 and the drill rod 130 to abut and rotate synchronously. Then, the first component releases the drill rod 130 and rotates back from the first position to the second position. The rotating part 111 rotates, while the drill box 110 advances to perform drilling operations. After the drilling stroke is completed, the drill box 110 drives the drill rod 130 to retract. The first component rotates from the second position to the first position and grabs the drill rod 130, then rotates back from the first position to the second position. At the same time, the second component rotates from the second position to the first position and puts the anchor rod 140 into the robotic arm component 120. Then, the second component rotates back from the second position to the first position, and the drill box 110 moves forward, so that the rotating part 111 and the anchor rod 140 abut against each other, and the rotation centers of the anchor rod 140 and the rotating part 111 are coaxial. After that, the second component releases the anchor rod 140 and rotates back from the first position to the second position. The drill box 110 moves forward, pushes the anchor rod 140 to the bottom, and pumps anchoring agent into the anchor rod 140. After the anchoring agent is pumped in and solidified, the drill box 110 retracts, completing the construction operation of one anchor rod 140.

[0079] In some embodiments, when in the second position, the insertion or removal of the drill rod 130 or anchor rod 140 can be done manually or by setting up automated loading and unloading equipment. For example, for an anchoring and grouting anchor rod 140 support construction device with a first component and a second component, the drill rod 130 does not need to be replaced. After each anchoring and grouting anchor rod 140 construction operation, an additional anchor rod 140 can be added to the second component manually or automatically. As another example, for an anchoring and grouting anchor rod 140 support construction device with only one set of robotic arm components 120, when the drill rod 130 has completed drilling and withdrawn to the second position, the drill rod 130 can be removed from the robotic arm components 120 manually or automatically and the anchor rod 140 can be inserted. After the anchor rod 140 is connected to the drill box 110 and the robotic arm components 120 rotates back to the second position, the drill rod 130 can be inserted into the robotic arm components 120 again.

[0080] In some embodiments, the anchor bolt support construction equipment includes a power component, which detects the operating parameters of the power component to determine the feed pressure, retraction pressure and preload pressure of the drill box 110 and the rotating part 111 on the drill box 110.

[0081] In some embodiments, the power components include a feed cylinder and a rotary motor.

[0082] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0083] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0084] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0085] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0086] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0087] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing anchor bolt support, characterized in that, An anchor bolt includes a rod body, a nut assembly, and a resistance-enhancing assembly. The head of the rod body has a first external thread section. The nut assembly and the resistance-enhancing assembly are sequentially arranged outside the first external thread section from the head to the tail of the rod body. The nut assembly has a filling medium on the side facing the first external thread section. The filling medium is solid under the action of a magnetic field. A preset gap is provided between the resistance-enhancing assembly and the first external thread section. The anchor bolt support construction method includes the following steps: Drilling holes in the surrounding rock; The anchor bolt is placed on the anchor injection anchor bolt support construction equipment, and the feed of the drill box on the anchor injection anchor bolt support construction equipment drives the anchor bolt forward. The feed pressure of the drill box is detected. If the feed pressure is less than or equal to a first pressure threshold, the drill box continues to advance; if the feed pressure is greater than the first pressure threshold, the drill box stops. The electromagnet component on the anchor bolt support construction equipment is energized to apply a preload force to the anchor bolt; Anchoring agent is pumped into the borehole; The drill box retracts, and the retraction pressure of the drill box is detected. If the retraction pressure is less than or equal to the second pressure threshold, the drill box continues to retract; if the retraction pressure is greater than the second pressure threshold, the drill box stops. The nut assembly includes a sleeve and a sealing component. The sealing component is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. The filling medium is disposed inside the sealing component. The sealing component is at least partially sleeved on the first external thread section. The sealing component includes: A first sealing ring and a second sealing ring, the outer wall surfaces of the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are connected to the inner wall surface of the sleeve, the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are spaced apart at both ends of the sleeve, and the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring have internal threads; A leak-proof membrane is disposed on the outside of the rod body, with one end of the leak-proof membrane connected to the first sealing ring and the other end of the leak-proof membrane connected to the second sealing ring. The first sealing ring, the second sealing ring, and the leak-proof membrane form a filling space to accommodate the filling medium. The filling medium is solid under the action of an external magnetic field and liquid when there is no external magnetic field. The resistance-increasing assembly includes an expansion plate and a first cylinder, one end of the first cylinder near the nut assembly being connected to one end of the expansion plate, and the expansion plate being at least partially in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve; The anchor bolt is provided with a pre-tightening component at its tail end, the pre-tightening component comprising: A limiting nut, wherein the end of the rod body away from the nut assembly and the resistance-increasing assembly is provided with a second external thread section, the limiting nut is threaded onto the second external thread section of the rod body, and the limiting nut has a first surface and a second surface that are opposite each other in the axial direction of the limiting nut; A drive nut having a first face and a second face opposite each other in the axial direction, the drive nut being threaded onto the second external thread segment, wherein, when the drive nut rotates forward, the first face of the drive nut abuts against the second face of the limiting nut, and the rotational torque applied by the drive nut to the limiting nut is less than the rotational torque required for the limiting nut to rotate relative to the rod.

2. The anchor bolt support construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling of the surrounding rock includes the following steps: The drill rod is placed on the anchoring and grouting support construction equipment, and the drill box feed on the anchoring and grouting support construction equipment drives the drill rod to drill holes; The feed pressure of the drill box is detected. If the feed pressure is less than or equal to the third pressure threshold, the drill box continues to advance; if the feed pressure is greater than the third pressure threshold, the drill box drives the drill rod to retract. The retraction pressure of the drill box is detected. If the retraction pressure is less than or equal to the fourth pressure threshold, the drill box continues to retract; if the retraction pressure is greater than the fourth pressure threshold, the drill box stops and the drill rod is removed.

3. The anchoring and grouting support construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Applying preload to the anchor bolt further includes the following steps: The drill box drives the pre-tightening component to rotate, and detects the pre-tightening pressure of the pre-tightening component. If the pre-tightening pressure is less than or equal to the fifth pressure threshold, the rotating part on the drill box drives the pre-tightening component to rotate; if the pre-tightening pressure is greater than the fifth pressure threshold, the rotating part stops rotating.

4. The anchor bolt support construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The anchoring and grouting support construction equipment is equipped with a contact part for contacting the surrounding rock, and includes the following steps: S105, the abutting part is fed, and the feeding pressure of the abutting part is detected. If the feeding pressure is less than or equal to the sixth pressure threshold, the abutting part continues to advance; if the feeding pressure is greater than the sixth pressure threshold, the abutting part stops advancing. S165, the contact portion retracts; Step S105 is performed before drilling the surrounding rock, and step S165 is performed after the drill box retracts.

5. The anchor bolt support construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The anchoring and grouting support construction equipment is equipped with a rotatable robotic arm assembly. The steps include drilling holes in the surrounding rock and placing the anchor rods on the anchoring and grouting support construction equipment, using the robotic arm assembly to transport the drill rods and the anchor rods.

6. The anchor bolt support construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anchoring and grouting support construction equipment includes a drill arm, and a robotic arm assembly is rotatably connected to the drill arm. The end of the robotic arm assembly is provided with a clamping part for clamping the drill rod or the anchor rod.

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