Mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine and spraying method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine and a spraying method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of negative pressure filling materials. The mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine comprises a first cavity, a feeding port is arranged on the cavity wall of the first cavity, and a first piston is movably arranged in the first cavity; a second cavity is coaxially arranged with the first cavity, the second cavity is communicated with the first cavity through a material passing port, and an air inlet and a discharging port are arranged on the cavity wall of the second cavity; a sealing mechanism comprises an automatic opening and closing lifter and a second piston, when the first piston blocks the feeding port, the automatic opening and closing lifter drives the second piston to expose the material passing port, and when the second piston moves to the other end opposite to the material passing port in the second cavity, the automatic opening and closing lifter automatically drives the second piston to block the material passing port. The device can accelerate the filling speed of the concrete material, reduce the dust amount, improve the work efficiency, and provide safe construction guarantee for construction personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of negative pressure filling materials technology, and in particular to a mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine and its spraying method. Background Technology

[0002] Dry and wet shotcrete processes are common techniques for shotcreting concrete, widely used in underground tunnels, tunnels, retaining walls, rock support, and other engineering projects. For a long time, dry shotcreting has been the primary method for mine tunnels. However, because the feeding chamber of a dry rotary shotcrete machine needs to be depressurized after feeding, its rebound rate is high, reducing the efficiency of the filling material. This can easily lead to uneven mixing of the shotcrete, unstable concrete quality, and low concrete strength. In some cases, large amounts of concrete may even detach before the tunnel's service life is over, affecting its normal use and posing significant safety hazards. Furthermore, when dry concrete mixes with air to form a jet stream, it generates a large amount of dust, which can affect the health of construction workers and increase the risk of environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine and its spraying method, which can improve the quality and efficiency of material filling, reduce dust, and provide safe construction assurance.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine includes a first chamber with an inlet on its wall and a first piston movably disposed therein. The first piston is reciprocating along the axial direction of the first chamber. When the first piston exposes the inlet, concrete material enters the first chamber through the inlet. A second chamber is coaxially disposed with the first chamber and communicates with it via a material outlet. The second chamber has an air inlet and an outlet on its wall. The first piston can push the concrete material in the first chamber into the second chamber under high pressure. Gas enters the second chamber through the air inlet and blows out the concrete material through the discharge outlet. The sealing mechanism includes an automatic opening and closing mechanism and a second piston disposed in the second chamber. The second piston is coaxially disposed with the second chamber. The automatic opening and closing mechanism is connected to the second piston. When the first piston blocks the inlet, the automatic opening and closing mechanism drives the second piston to move in the second chamber away from the first chamber to expose the material outlet. When the second piston moves to the other end of the second chamber opposite to the material outlet, the automatic opening and closing mechanism automatically drives the second piston to reset to block the material outlet.

[0005] The mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to an embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The first piston is moved to expose the discharge port, allowing concrete material to be rapidly filled into the first cavity under the combined action of negative pressure and gravity. Then, the first piston moves towards the second cavity, pushing the concrete material to the left. When the concrete material blocks the discharge port, the automatic opening and closing mechanism drives the second piston to move away from the first cavity, allowing the concrete material to enter the second cavity. The concrete material is then blown out through the discharge port under the action of high-pressure gas in the second cavity. When the second piston moves to the other end of the second cavity opposite to the discharge port, the automatic opening and closing mechanism automatically and quickly drives the second piston to reset, and the second piston pushes the first piston against the discharge port, sealing it. Thus, by utilizing negative pressure for concrete filling and high-pressure gas to mix the concrete material with water, the filling speed of the concrete material is accelerated, dust is reduced, and work efficiency is improved while providing safe construction for workers.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an automatic opening and closing mechanism includes: a bracket; a connecting rod movably mounted on a second piston, a return spring being provided on the connecting rod and arranged axially along the second cavity, the connecting rod being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second cavity via the return spring; a push rod movably mounted on the bracket, the push rod being able to drive the connecting rod to move axially along the second cavity, so that the connecting rod moves the second piston away from the first cavity; and a first roller fixedly mounted on the bracket, the first roller being able to drive the connecting rod to rotate, so that the connecting rod disengages from the push rod.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the connecting rod includes: a fixed rod, which is fixedly connected to the second piston and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second cavity via a return spring; and a rotating rod, which is rotatably mounted on the fixed rod, and the push rod drives the rotating rod to move the fixed rod axially along the second cavity.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating rod includes a connecting part, a limiting part, a stop part, and a guide part. The connecting part is rotatably connected to the fixed rod. The limiting part is located at the end of the connecting part away from the second piston, and the stop part is located at the end of the connecting part close to the second piston. The guide part is located between the connecting part and the limiting part and is inclined. When the push rod pushes against the stop part to make the guide part abut against the first roller, the limiting part and the stop part rotate clockwise around the connecting part under the guidance of the guide part, thereby separating the stop part from the push rod.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a second roller is provided at one end of the push rod near the connecting rod. The second roller can abut against the top and is used to guide the connecting rod to slide out of the push rod.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of first sealing elements are provided on the first piston, and the plurality of first sealing elements are sleeved on the outer wall of the first piston along the axial direction of the first piston. The plurality of first sealing elements can abut against the cavity wall of the first cavity to ensure the sealing performance of the first cavity.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a second seal is provided at one end of the second piston near the first cavity. The outer diameter of the second seal is larger than the inner diameter of the feed port. The second seal is used to expose or block the feed port to prevent high-pressure gas in the second cavity from entering the first cavity.

[0012] A spraying method for a mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0013] Step 1: High-pressure gas is supplied into the second chamber through the air inlet, and the feed inlet is connected to the output end of the concrete material.

[0014] Step 2: The first piston moves away from the second chamber. When the first piston exposes the feed inlet, the concrete material is quickly filled into the first chamber under the combined action of negative pressure and gravity.

[0015] Step 3: The first piston moves toward the second chamber and pushes the concrete material into the second chamber;

[0016] Step 4: When the concrete material blocks the feed inlet, the push rod drives the connecting rod, causing the second piston to move away from the first chamber. At this time, the concrete material enters the second chamber and is blown out through the discharge port under the action of high-pressure gas.

[0017] Step 5: The push rod continues to drive the connecting rod to move, causing the guide part to abut against the first roller. The guide part moves in the direction guided by the first roller. At this time, the limiting part rises upward, falls downward at the top, and slides off the second roller. The return spring drives the connecting rod to quickly return to its original position, causing the second piston to move quickly toward the first cavity. The second piston abuts against the first piston and moves together toward the first cavity until the second piston abuts against the feed port. The second seal blocks the feed port, thereby preventing high-pressure gas from entering the first cavity.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a sixth step is also included: when the first piston moves to the side of the feed inlet away from the second cavity, the concrete material will be quickly filled into the first cavity under the action of negative pressure and gravity in the cavity, and steps one to five are repeated to work in a cyclical manner.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view in the middle;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the push rod and connecting rod abutting the structure;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure where the push rod and connecting rod are disengaged;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of step two in the spraying method of the mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to the second aspect of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of step three in the spraying method of the mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to the second aspect embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of step four in the spraying method of the mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to the second aspect embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying method of the mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to the second aspect of the present invention.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] First cavity 100, feed inlet 110, first piston 120, first seal 121;

[0031] Second chamber 200, material inlet 210, air inlet 220, material outlet 230;

[0032] Sealing mechanism 300, automatic opening and closing lifting device 310, bracket 311, connecting rod 312, fixing rod 3121, return spring 3121a, rotating rod 3122, limiting part 3122a, connecting part 3122b, top abutment 3122c, guide part 3122d, push rod 313, second roller 3131, first roller 314, second piston 320, second seal 321;

[0033] Cooling chamber 400;

[0034] 10g of concrete material. Detailed Implementation

[0035] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0038] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0039] refer to Figures 1 to 8 A mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine and its spraying method according to an embodiment of the present invention are described.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, the mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first cavity 100, a second cavity 200 and a sealing mechanism 300, wherein a feed inlet 110 is provided on the cavity wall of the first cavity 100, and a first piston 120 is movably disposed in the first cavity 100. The first piston 120 can reciprocate along the axial direction of the first cavity 100. When the first piston 120 exposes the feed inlet 110, concrete material 10 enters the first cavity 100 through the feed inlet 110. The second cavity 200 is coaxially arranged with the first cavity 100 and is connected to the first cavity 100 through the material inlet 210. The cavity wall of the second cavity 200 is provided with an air inlet 220 and a material outlet 230. The first piston 120 can push the concrete material 10 in the first cavity 100 into the second cavity 200. High-pressure gas enters the second cavity 200 from the air inlet 220 and blows the concrete material 10 out through the material outlet 230. The sealing mechanism 300 includes an automatic opening and closing lifting device 310 and a second piston 320 disposed in the second cavity 200. The second piston 320 is coaxially disposed with the second cavity 200. The automatic opening and closing lifting device 310 is connected to the second piston 320. When the first piston 120 blocks the feed port 110, the automatic opening and closing lifting device 310 drives the second piston 320 to move in the second cavity 200 in a direction away from the first cavity 100 to expose the feed port 210. When the second piston 320 moves to the other end of the second cavity 200 opposite to the feed port 210, the automatic opening and closing lifting device 310 automatically drives the second piston 320 to reset to block the feed port 210.

[0041] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, both the first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 are cylindrical and coaxially arranged in the horizontal direction. The first cavity 100 and the second cavity 200 are interconnected and the first cavity 100 is located at the left end of the second cavity 200. Specifically, the upper end of the wall of the first cavity 100 is provided with a feed inlet 110, the upper end of the wall of the second cavity 200 is provided with an air inlet 220, and the lower end of the wall of the second cavity 200, opposite to the air inlet 220, is provided with a discharge outlet 230. Figure 2 As shown, a first piston 120 is coaxially disposed in the first cavity 100. The outer diameter of the first piston 120 corresponds to the inner diameter of the first cavity 100, and the first piston 120 can move in the left-right direction within the first cavity 100. Figure 1As shown, the sealing mechanism 300 is disposed on the left side of the second cavity 200. The sealing mechanism 300 includes an automatic opening and closing mechanism 310 and a second piston 320. The second piston 320 is coaxially disposed in the second cavity 200 and is disposed opposite to the first piston 120. The outer diameter of the second piston 320 corresponds to the inner diameter of the second cavity 200, and the second piston 320 can move in the left and right directions in the second cavity 200. The automatic opening and closing mechanism 310 is connected to the left end of the second piston 320 to control the displacement of the second piston 320 in the horizontal direction.

[0042] The first piston 120 is moved to the right to expose the discharge port 230, so that the concrete material 10 is quickly filled into the first cavity 100 under the dual action of negative pressure and gravity. Then the first piston 120 is moved to the left, and the first piston 120 pushes the concrete material 10 to the left. When the concrete material 10 blocks the discharge port 230, the automatic opening and closing device 310 drives the second piston 320 to move to the left so that the concrete material 10 enters the second cavity 200. The concrete material 10 is blown out through the discharge port 230 under the action of high pressure gas in the second cavity 200. When the second piston 320 moves to the leftmost end of the second cavity 200, the automatic opening and closing device automatically and quickly drives the second piston 320 to reset to the right. The second piston 320 pushes the first piston 120 to the passage port 210 and blocks the passage port 210. Therefore, by using negative pressure to fill the concrete material 10 and high-pressure gas to mix the concrete material 10 with water, the filling speed of the concrete material 10 is accelerated, the amount of dust is reduced, and while improving work efficiency, it also provides a safe construction guarantee for construction personnel.

[0043] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the automatic opening and closing mechanism 310 includes: a bracket 311; a connecting rod 312, which is fixedly connected to the second piston 320, and a return spring 3121a is provided on the connecting rod 312, which is arranged along the axial direction of the second cavity 200, and the connecting rod 312 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second cavity 200 through the return spring 3121a; a push rod 313, which is movably arranged on the bracket 311, and can drive the connecting rod 312 to move along the axial direction of the second cavity 200, so that the connecting rod 312 moves the second piston 320 away from the first cavity 100; and a first roller 314, which is fixedly arranged on the bracket 311, and can drive the connecting rod 312 to rotate, so that the connecting rod 312 disengages from the push rod 313.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the automatic opening and closing lifting device 310 includes a bracket 311, a connecting rod 312, a push rod 313, and a first roller 314. The connecting rod 312 is fixedly connected to the second piston 320, the push rod 313 is movably mounted on the bracket 311, and the first roller 314 is fixedly mounted on the bracket 311. Specifically, the push rod 313 can move to the left under the action of the driving member, thereby driving the connecting rod 312 to move to the left on the bracket 311 while simultaneously pulling the second piston 320 away from the feed port 210. The connecting rod 312 is connected to the outer wall of the second cavity 200 through the return spring 3121a. When the second piston 320 moves to the leftmost end of the second cavity 200, the connecting rod 312 and the push rod 313 suddenly separate. The return spring 3121a drives the connecting rod 312 to return to its original position. That is, the second piston 320 moves to the right to the rightmost end of the second cavity 200, thereby pushing the first piston 120 to the right and sealing the feed port 210.

[0045] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the connecting rod 312 includes: a fixed rod 3121, which is fixedly connected to the second piston 320 and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second cavity 200 through a return spring 3121a; and a rotating rod 3122, which is rotatably mounted on the fixed rod 3121. The push rod 313 drives the rotating rod 3122 to move the fixed rod 3121 along the axial direction of the second cavity 200.

[0046] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the rotating rod 3122 includes a connecting part 3122b, a limiting part 3122a, a top abutment 3122c, and a guiding part 3122d. The connecting part 3122b is rotatably connected to the fixed rod 3121. The limiting part 3122a is located at the end of the connecting part 3122b away from the second piston 320. The top abutment 3122c is located at the end of the connecting part 3122b close to the second piston 320. The guiding part 3122d is located in front of the connecting part 3122b and the limiting part 3122a. The guiding part 3122d is inclined. When the push rod 313 pushes against the top abutment 3122c, causing the guiding part 3122d to abut against the first roller 314, the limiting part 3122a and the top abutment 3122c rotate clockwise around the connecting part 3122b under the guidance of the guiding part 3122d, thereby separating the top abutment 3122c from the push rod 313.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the right end of the fixed rod 3121 is connected to the second piston 320. The fixed rod 3121 has a groove with its opening facing left, and the rotating rod 3122 is rotatably positioned within the groove. The combined structure of the fixed rod 3121 and the rotating rod 3122 is symmetrically arranged about a left-right axis of symmetry. A return spring 3121a is provided on each of the front and rear sides of the fixed rod 3121. The fixed rod 3121 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second cavity 200 via the two symmetrically arranged return springs 3121a. Specifically, the right end of the return spring 3121a is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the second cavity 200, and the left end is fixedly mounted on a connecting rod arranged along the front-rear direction. The connecting rod passes through the connecting part 3122b and the fixed rod 3121, meaning the rotating rod 3122 is rotatably connected to the fixed rod 3121 via the connecting rod. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the limiting part 3122a is located at the left end of the connecting part 3122b, the top abutment 3122c is located at the right end of the connecting part 3122b, and the guide part 3122d is inclined and located between the connecting part 3122b and the limiting part 3122a, making the connecting rod 312 as a whole undulating zigzag shape. Therefore, when the push rod 313 pushes to the left against the top abutment 3122c, the connecting rod 312 as a whole pulls the second piston 320 to the left. When the guide part 3122d abuts against the first roller 314, due to the inclined structure of the guide part 3122d, the push rod 313 continuing to push to the left against the top abutment 3122c will cause the connecting rod 312 to have a clockwise rotation tendency. At this time, the limiting part 3122a gradually rises upward and the top abutment 3122c gradually lowers downward. When the push rod 313 pushes to the left until... When the lowest point of the guide part 3122d touches the first roller 314, the connecting rod 312 suddenly and rapidly rotates clockwise, causing the left end of the push rod 313 to quickly separate from the top 3122c. The connecting rod 312, which is no longer driven by the push rod 313, quickly returns to its original position under the drive of the return spring 3121a. That is, the second piston 320 quickly moves to the right to the feed port 210 and pushes the first piston 120 in the second cavity 200 back into the first cavity 100, thereby realizing the automatic reset of the second piston 320.

[0048] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, a second roller 3131 is provided at one end of the push rod 313 near the connecting rod 312. The second roller 3131 can abut against the top 3122c. Thus, when the push rod 313 pushes to the left against the top 3122c so that the lowest point of the guide portion 3122d abuts against the first roller 314, the connecting rod 312 can quickly slide out of the push rod 313 under the action of the second roller 3131.

[0049] Specifically, the cross-sectional area of ​​the left end of the limiting part 3122a gradually decreases from right to left.

[0050] Specifically, when the return spring 3121a is not stretched or compressed, the height of the left end of the guide portion 3122d is higher than the height of the right end, that is, the guide portion 3122d tilts downward from left to right.

[0051] Specifically, a cooling chamber 400 is also provided on the outer side of the first cavity 100. Cooling fluid is provided inside the cooling chamber 400, and the feed inlet 110 passes through the cooling chamber 400 and connects to the output end of the concrete material 10. Furthermore, a water inlet is provided on the cavity wall of the cooling chamber 400, and coolant is injected into the cooling chamber 400 through the water inlet so that the coolant coats the cavity wall of the first cavity 100, thereby alleviating the heat generated by friction during the movement of the first piston 120 and keeping the temperature of the first cavity 100 within a controllable range.

[0052] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of first sealing elements 121 are provided on the first piston 120. The plurality of first sealing elements 121 are sleeved on the outer wall of the first piston 120 along the axial direction of the first piston 120. The plurality of first sealing elements 121 can abut against the cavity wall of the first cavity 100 to ensure the sealing performance of the first cavity 100.

[0053] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, a plurality of first sealing elements 121 are sleeved on the first piston 120 along the left and right direction. Specifically, the first sealing element 121 is a sealing rubber ring. The sealing rubber ring is sleeved on the first piston 120 and tightly abuts against the inner wall of the first cavity 100 to ensure the airtightness of the first cavity 100, so that the first cavity 100 forms a vacuum state and generates negative pressure under the action of atmospheric pressure.

[0054] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the inner diameter of the feed port 210 corresponds to the outer diameter of the first piston 120, and the first piston 120 can be inserted into the feed port 210. Specifically, as shown in the figure... Figure 4 As shown, the inner diameter of the material inlet 210 corresponds to the outer diameter of the first piston 120, which is fitted with a sealing rubber ring. Thus, when the first piston 120 moves to the left to the material inlet 210, it continues to move to the left so that all the concrete material 10 in the first cavity 100 enters the second cavity 200. At the same time, it prevents the concrete material 10 from permeating into the first cavity 100 under the action of the high-temperature gas in the second cavity 200, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the second cavity 200.

[0055] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, a second sealing element 321 is provided at the end of the second piston 320 near the first cavity 100, such as... Figures 2 to 4As shown, a second seal 321 is provided at the right end of the second piston 320. Specifically, the second seal 321 is a sealing gasket, and the outer diameter of the second seal 321 is larger than the inner diameter of the material outlet 210. When the second piston 320 is located at the rightmost end of the second cavity 200, the second seal 321 can push against the material outlet 210 to the right to block the material outlet 210 and prevent the high-pressure gas in the second cavity 200 from entering the first cavity 100. When the second piston 320 moves to the left to expose the material outlet 210, the concrete material 10 in the first cavity 100 moves to the left and enters the second cavity 200.

[0056] Specifically, the driving component of the first piston 120 is an oil pump.

[0057] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 8 As shown, the spraying method of the mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0058] Step 1: Inject cold water into the cooling chamber 400 through the water inlet, and deliver high-pressure gas into the second chamber 200 through the air inlet 220. Connect the feed inlet 110 to the output end of the concrete material 10.

[0059] Step two, as Figure 5 As shown, the oil pump controls the first piston 120 to move to the right. Several sealing rubber rings fitted on the first piston 120 abut against the cavity wall of the first cavity 100. At this time, the sealing gasket on the right side of the second piston 320 abuts tightly against the material outlet 210, thereby creating a negative pressure environment. When the first piston 120 moves to the right side of the discharge outlet 230, the concrete material 10 is quickly filled into the first cavity 100 under the dual action of negative pressure and gravity.

[0060] Step 3, as Figure 6 As shown, the oil pump controls the first piston 120 to move to the left, and the first piston 120 pushes the concrete material 10 to the left towards the second chamber 200;

[0061] Step four, as Figure 7As shown, when the first piston 120 blocks the feed inlet 110, the push rod 313 pushes to the left against the top 3122c, causing the connecting rod 312 to pull the second piston 320 to move to the left. At this time, the concrete material 10 enters the second cavity 200. Under the action of the oil pump, the first piston 120 continues to move to the left through the feed inlet 210. On the one hand, it can completely push the concrete material 10 into the second cavity 200. On the other hand, the sealing rubber ring on the first piston 120 and the inner wall of the feed inlet 210 are sealed. With the two chambers tightly pressed together, the high-pressure gas in the second chamber 200 cannot enter the first chamber 100 through the material outlet 210. Therefore, the high-pressure gas introduced into the upper air inlet 220 of the second chamber 200 blows the concrete material 10 out toward the lower outlet 230. The blown-out concrete material 10 enters the spray pipe connected to the outlet 230. It should be noted that the spray pipe is connected to the water channel, so the concrete material 10 will mix with the water at the pipe opening of the spray pipe and be sprayed out together when it is output.

[0062] Step 5: When the guide part 3122d abuts against the first roller 314, due to the inclined structure of the guide part 3122d, the push rod 313 continues to push to the left against the top 3122c, causing the connecting rod 312 to tend to rotate clockwise. At this time, the limiting part 3122a gradually rises upward and the top 3122c gradually presses downward. When the second piston 320 moves to the leftmost end of the second cavity 200, all the concrete material 10 is blown out by the high-pressure gas. At this time, the lowest point of the guide part 3122d abuts against the first roller 314, and the connecting rod 312 suddenly and rapidly rotates clockwise, causing the push rod 313 to rotate clockwise. The left end of rod 313 quickly separates from the top 3122c. The connecting rod 312, which is no longer driven by the push rod 313, quickly returns to its original position under the drive of the return spring 3121a. That is, the second piston 320 quickly moves to the right to the feed port 210 and pushes the first piston 120 in the second cavity 200 back into the first cavity 100. The second seal 321 on the second piston 320 abuts against the feed port 210, and the feed port 210 is blocked. The second cavity 200 and the first cavity 100 are isolated again to ensure that the high-pressure gas in the second cavity 200 cannot enter the first cavity 100.

[0063] Step six: When the first piston 120, which has moved into the first cavity 100, continues to move to the rightmost side of the first cavity 100, the concrete material 10 is quickly filled into the first cavity 100 again under the action of negative pressure and gravity in the cavity. Then, steps two to five are repeated, and the work is carried out in a cyclical manner.

[0064] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine, characterized in that, include: A first cavity (100) is provided with a feed inlet (110) on its cavity wall. A first piston (120) is movably disposed in the first cavity (100). The first piston (120) can reciprocate along the axial direction of the first cavity (100). When the first piston (120) exposes the feed inlet (110), concrete material (10) enters the first cavity (100) through the feed inlet (110). The second cavity (200) is coaxially arranged with the first cavity (100) and is connected to the first cavity (100) through a material inlet (210). The cavity wall of the second cavity (200) is provided with an air inlet (220) and a material outlet (230). The first piston (120) can push the concrete material (10) in the first cavity (100) into the second cavity (200). High-pressure gas enters the second cavity (200) from the air inlet (220) and blows the concrete material (10) out through the material outlet (230). A sealing mechanism (300) includes an automatic opening and closing lifter (310) and a second piston (320) disposed in the second cavity (200). The second piston (320) is coaxially disposed with the second cavity (200). The automatic opening and closing lifter (310) is connected to the second piston (320). When the first piston (120) blocks the feed port (110), the automatic opening and closing lifter (310) drives the second piston (320) to move along the push rod (313) in the second cavity (200) away from the first cavity (100) to expose the feed port (210). When the second piston (320) moves to the other end of the second cavity (200) opposite to the feed port (210), the automatic opening and closing lifter (310) automatically drives the second piston (320) to reset to block the feed port (210). The automatic opening and closing mechanism (310) includes: Bracket (311); A connecting rod (312) is fixedly connected to the second piston (320). A return spring (3121a) is provided on the connecting rod (312). The return spring (3121a) is arranged along the axial direction of the second cavity (200). The connecting rod (312) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second cavity (200) through the return spring (3121a). Push rod (313), which is movably mounted on the bracket (311), can drive the connecting rod (312) to move axially along the second cavity (200) so that the connecting rod (312) moves the second piston (320) away from the first cavity (100). The first roller (314) is fixedly mounted on the bracket (311). The first roller (314) can drive the connecting rod (312) to rotate so that the connecting rod (312) is disengaged from the push rod (313). The link (312) includes: A fixing rod (3121) is fixedly connected to the second piston (320), and the fixing rod (3121) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second cavity (200) through the return spring (3121a); A rotating rod (3122) is rotatably mounted on the fixed rod (3121), and the push rod (313) drives the rotating rod (3122) to move the fixed rod (3121) along the axial direction of the second cavity (200). The rotating rod (3122) includes a connecting part (3122b), a limiting part (3122a), a top abutment (3122c), and a guide part (3122d). The connecting part (3122b) is rotatably connected to the fixed rod (3121). The limiting part (3122a) is located at the end of the connecting part (3122b) away from the second piston (320). The top abutment (3122c) is located at the end of the connecting part (3122b) close to the second piston (320). The guide part (3122d) is located between the connecting part (3122b) and the limiting part (3122a). The guide part (3122d) is inclined. When the push rod (313) When the abutment (3122c) is pushed to make the guide (3122d) abut against the first roller (314), the limiting part (3122a) and the abutment (3122c) rotate clockwise around the connecting part (3122b) under the guidance of the guide (3122d), thereby separating the abutment (3122c) from the push rod (313); a second roller (3131) is provided at one end of the push rod (313) near the connecting rod (312), the second roller (3131) can abut against the abutment (3122c), and the second roller (3131) is used to guide the connecting rod (312) to slide out of the push rod (313).

2. The mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first piston (120) is provided with a plurality of first seals (121), which are sleeved on the outer wall of the first piston (120) along the axial direction of the first piston (120). The plurality of first seals (121) can abut against the cavity wall of the first cavity (100) to ensure the sealing of the first cavity (100).

3. The mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the feed port (210) corresponds to the outer diameter of the first piston (120), and the first piston (120) can be inserted into the feed port (210).

4. The mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second piston (320) is provided with a second seal (321) at one end near the first cavity (100). The outer diameter of the second seal (321) is larger than the inner diameter of the feed port (210). The second seal (321) is used to expose or block the feed port (210) to prevent high-pressure gas in the second cavity (200) from entering the first cavity (100).

5. A spraying method for a mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine, applied to the mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, include: Step 1: High-pressure gas is delivered into the second cavity (200) through the air inlet (220), and the feed inlet (110) is connected to the output end of the concrete material (10); Step 2: The first piston (120) moves away from the second cavity (200). When the first piston (120) exposes the feed port (110), the concrete material (10) is rapidly filled into the first cavity (100) under the combined action of negative pressure and gravity. Step 3: The first piston (120) moves toward the second cavity (200) and pushes the concrete material (10) into the second cavity (200); Step 4: When the concrete material (10) blocks the material outlet (210), the push rod (313) drives the connecting rod (312) to move the second piston (320) away from the first cavity (100). At this time, the concrete material (10) enters the second cavity (200) and is blown out through the outlet (230) under the action of high pressure gas. Step 5: The push rod (313) continues to drive the connecting rod (312) to move, so that the guide part (3122d) abuts against the first roller (314). The guide part (3122d) moves along the direction guided by the first roller (314). At this time, the limiting part (3122a) rises, and the abutting top (3122c) falls down and slides off the second roller (3131). The reset spring (3121a) drives the connecting rod (312) to quickly reset, so that the second piston (320) moves quickly toward the first cavity (100). The second piston (320) abuts against the first piston (120) and moves together toward the first cavity (100) until the second piston (320) abuts against the feed port (210). The second seal (321) blocks the feed port (210), thereby preventing high-pressure gas from entering the first cavity (100).

6. The spraying method of the mechanical negative pressure concrete spraying machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes step six, when the first piston (120) moves to the side of the feed port (110) away from the second cavity (200), the concrete material (10) will be quickly filled into the first cavity (100) under the action of negative pressure and gravity in the cavity, and steps one to five are repeated to work in a cyclical manner.

Images