A kind of passion fruit seedling raising method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, and discloses a passion fruit seedling raising method. The passion fruit seedling raising method comprises the following steps: (1) subjecting the individual F1 generation cutting seedlings of different hybrids to a cold resistance test and a stem base rot resistance test to obtain the resistant rootstock mother plant; (2) cultivating the resistant rootstock mother plant; selecting tender branches from the resistant rootstock mother plant to form cuttings; propagating the cuttings from the resistant rootstock mother plant in a cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting plants; selecting tender branches from the rootstock cutting plants to form cuttings; propagating the scion branches from the rootstock cutting plants in the cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting seedlings; and (3) grafting a scion of a passion fruit variety onto the split rootstock cutting seedling. According to the method of the present invention, the original resistance of the rootstock is maintained to a large extent, the robustness of the bud branches is ensured, the invasion of diseases and pests such as ants is avoided, and the cultivation period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and in particular to a passion fruit seedling raising method. Background Art

[0002] Passion fruit is a tropical fruit with several advantages: it's rich in vitamin C, vitamin A, potassium, fiber, and other nutrients that are beneficial to your health. It's rich in antioxidants, such as flavonoids and anthocyanins, which effectively defend against free radicals and protect the body from oxidative damage. It's also high in dietary fiber, which promotes bowel movements, relieves constipation, and improves digestion. The potassium in passion fruit can help lower blood pressure and benefit cardiovascular health. It's low in calories and fat, making it a suitable option for a weight loss diet. In summary, passion fruit is a nutritious, healthy, and delicious fruit with numerous health benefits that can be beneficial to the human body.

[0003] Since rootstock seedlings are cultivated from seeds produced by flowering and fruiting of the rootstock mother plant (or hybrid of the parents), there are differences in the resistance of individual plants to stem base rot. It is impossible to guarantee that the offspring developed from each batch or all seeds in the same batch will have the same resistance as the mother plant. Therefore, the resistance of rootstocks cultivated from seeds is uncertain, which will affect the later passion fruit cultivation and production.

[0004] Cutting propagation involves using small, sterilized, drained, and then asexually propagating passion fruit seedlings. This method has the advantages of being asexual, less susceptible to mutation, maintaining the parent plant's state, and boasts rapid propagation and low costs. However, due to the cuts left on the top of the cuttings, passion fruit is susceptible to disease and pests such as ants, resulting in losses.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a passion fruit seedling cultivation method that can maintain the resistance characteristics of the rootstock and produce a large number of plants. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that in passion fruit cutting propagation, the cuttings are susceptible to diseases and invasion by pests such as ants due to the incisions on the cuttings, and the difference in resistance of the offspring plants of the rootstock affects the later passion fruit cultivation and production. The invention can maintain the original resistance of the rootstock to a large extent, ensure the robustness of the cutting branches, have no wounds on the top, and the grafting interface is easy to heal, thus avoiding invasion by diseases and pests such as ants. Moreover, the cutting branches all grow vertically downward, which is conducive to manual cutting of the cutting branches without the need for operations such as sorting the cutting branches and production management.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a passion fruit seedling raising method, which comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) hybridizing a rootstock variety with a cold-resistant purple-fruited passion fruit variety to form an F1 generation plant population seedling, selecting tender shoots on the F1 generation plant population seedling to form cuttings; propagating the cuttings on the F1 generation plant population seedling in the cutting seedling bed to obtain different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings, and performing a cold resistance test and a stem base rot resistance test on the different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings to obtain the resistant rootstock mother plant;

[0009] (2) cultivating the resistant rootstock mother plant; selecting tender shoots on the resistant rootstock mother plant to form cuttings; propagating the cuttings on the resistant rootstock mother plant in a cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting plants; selecting tender shoots on the rootstock cutting plants to form cuttings; propagating the cuttings on the rootstock cutting plants in the cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting seedlings;

[0010] (3) removing the top of the rootstock cutting seedling by horizontal shearing, splitting the rootstock cutting seedling in the middle with a blade, and grafting the passion fruit variety scion onto the split rootstock cutting seedling.

[0011] Preferably, the process of selecting tender branches to form cuttings includes: when the cutting branches grow to 120-150 cm, cutting the top of the 20-30 cm cutting branches, removing the leaves near the bottom, retaining 1-2 expanded leaves and the top unexpanded leaves to form cuttings.

[0012] Preferably, in step (2), the process of cultivating the resistant rootstock mother plant includes: planting the resistant rootstock mother plant in the rootstock mother garden, topping the main vine of the resistant rootstock mother plant when it grows to 160-180 cm, forming 4 bud-collecting mother branches of the resistant rootstock mother plant, topping the bud-collecting mother branches when they grow 150-180 cm in opposite directions along the planting bed in pairs, and the bud-collecting branches grow downward, and the two bud-collecting mother branches in the same direction maintain a distance of 100-120 cm.

[0013] Preferably, in step (2), the process of cultivating the resistant rootstock mother plant also includes: retaining one budding branch near the base of the budding mother branch, and after the budding of other budding branches is completed, cutting off the branches behind the retained budding branch, and allowing the retained budding branch to grow to 150-180 cm and top it. This budding branch replaces the original budding mother branch to form a new budding mother branch and the next batch of budding branches, and then the same process is repeated to form multiple batches of budding branches.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation of the cutting seedling bed includes: PVC pipes are erected at the four corners of the cutting seedling bed, PVC pipes are provided on both sides of the cutting seedling bed, and the PVC pipes are inserted into the soil and fixed; the two ends of the glass rod are inserted into the upper ends of the above-mentioned PVC pipes to form a small arch; a support net is provided at the top of the PVC pipe; and a high-legged plug tray filled with a substrate is laid on the cutting seedling bed.

[0015] Preferably, the process of cutting propagation includes: in a seedling greenhouse, the cuttings are passed from top to bottom through the mesh of the supporting net and inserted into the single hole corresponding to the high-legged plug tray vertically below, water is sprayed to thoroughly irrigate the matrix, a plastic film is covered on the cutting seedbed above the glass rod and around the seedbed, and a sunshade net is covered on the arched top outside the plastic film.

[0016] Preferably, the conditions for cutting propagation include: humidity of 60-70% and temperature of 22-25°C.

[0017] Preferably, the cold resistance test process comprises: selecting the different hybrid F1 generation single cutting seedlings and culturing them at 3-5°C for 2-4 days and at 22-25°C for 45-50 days.

[0018] Preferably, the process of the stem base rot resistance test includes: inoculating the stem base rot pathogen and observing the disease occurrence.

[0019] Preferably, in step (3), the scion is a tender branch 15-20 cm from the top of the branch of the passion fruit variety.

[0020] Through the above technical scheme, cold-resistant characteristics are introduced into the rootstock mother plant through hybridization, and the resistance of the rootstock is guaranteed through cutting propagation. The method of renewing and cultivating the mother branches of the buds is adopted to ensure the robustness of the bud branches and avoid uncertain factors such as offspring variation of seed seedlings; there are no wounds at the top, and the grafting interface is easy to heal, avoiding invasion by diseases and pests such as ants; the bud branches all grow vertically downward, which is conducive to manual cutting of the bud branches without the need for sorting and other operations and production management of the bud branches; and the time required from cutting propagation of the rootstock to grafting is 40-60 days, which shortens the breeding cycle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following is a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values should be understood to include values close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoints of each range, the endpoints of each range and individual point values, and the individual point values can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered to be specifically disclosed herein.

[0023] The passion fruit seedling raising method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0024] (1) hybridizing a rootstock variety with a cold-resistant purple-fruited passion fruit variety to form an F1 generation plant population seedling, selecting tender shoots on the F1 generation plant population seedling to form cuttings; propagating the cuttings on the F1 generation plant population seedling in the cutting seedling bed to obtain different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings, and performing a cold resistance test and a stem base rot resistance test on the different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings to obtain the resistant rootstock mother plant;

[0025] (2) cultivating the resistant rootstock mother plant; selecting tender shoots on the resistant rootstock mother plant to form cuttings; propagating the cuttings on the resistant rootstock mother plant in a cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting plants; selecting tender shoots on the rootstock cutting plants to form cuttings; propagating the cuttings on the rootstock cutting plants in the cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting seedlings;

[0026] (3) removing the top of the rootstock cutting seedling by horizontal shearing, splitting the rootstock cutting seedling in the middle with a blade, and grafting the passion fruit variety scion onto the split rootstock cutting seedling.

[0027] According to the method of the present invention, a large number of rootstock seedlings are obtained by introducing cold-resistant characteristics and adopting cuttings and propagation of tender branches at the top of the rootstock, thereby avoiding the influence of uncertain resistance factors of seedlings formed by seedling germination on the quality of passion fruit grafted seedlings in the later stage, and maintaining the original resistance of the rootstock.

[0028] In the present invention, step (1) may further include: marking the seedlings of the F1 generation plant group, screening out the resistant F1 generation single cuttings of the different hybrids according to the results of the cold resistance test and the stem base rot resistance test, and finding the F1 generation plant group seedlings corresponding to the resistant F1 generation single cuttings of the different hybrids according to the marking as the resistant rootstock mother plants.

[0029] In the present invention, the cold-resistant purple-fruit passion fruit variety can be at least one of Tainong No. 1 passion fruit, Zixiang No. 1 passion fruit and Starry Sky passion fruit, preferably Tainong No. 1 passion fruit.

[0030] In the method of the present invention, the process of selecting tender shoots to form cuttings can include: when the cutting branches grow to 120-150cm, cutting the top of the 20-30cm cutting branches, removing the leaves close to the bottom, retaining 1-2 expanded leaves and unexpanded leaves at the top, to form cuttings. The cuttings select the top part of the cutting branches, so that the maturity of the cuttings is close to the maturity of the stock seedling branches formed by the tender shoot cuttings, and the cuttings are relatively consistent in size with the stock branch stem thickness, which is conducive to the healing of the grafting interface in the later stage, and at the same time, there is no effect of other wounds on the plant except the grafting interface.

[0031] In the method of the present invention, in step (2), the process of cultivating the resistant rootstock mother plant can be carried out in the rootstock mother garden.

[0032] In the method described in the present invention, in step (2), the process of cultivating the resistant rootstock mother plant may include: planting the resistant rootstock mother plant in the rootstock mother garden, topping the main vine of the resistant rootstock mother plant when it grows to 160-180 cm, forming four budding mother branches of the resistant rootstock mother plant, topping the budding mother branches when they grow 150-180 cm in opposite directions along the planting bed, and growing the budding branches downward, with the two budding mother branches in the same direction maintaining a distance of 100-120 cm. In order to facilitate manual cutting of the budding branches without the need for operations such as sorting the budding branches and production management, the budding branches preferably grow vertically downward.

[0033] In the method described in the present invention, in step (2), in order to avoid the weakening of the original mother branch due to the consumption of nutrients and to ensure that the branches are strong, the process of cultivating the resistant rootstock mother plant preferably also includes: retaining one branch near the base of the mother branch, and after the edging of other branches is completed, cutting off the branches after the retained branch, and allowing the retained branch to grow to 150-180 cm and top it. This branch replaces the original mother branch to form a new mother branch and the next batch of branches, and then the same process is repeated to form multiple batches of branches.

[0034] In the method of the present invention, in step (2), the branches after the edging branches are cut off and retained can include the edging mother branches.

[0035] In the method of the present invention, in step (2), the process of propagating the cuttings on the resistant rootstock mother plant by cuttings in a cutting nursery bed to form rootstock cutting plants can be carried out in a rootstock cutting garden.

[0036] In the method described in the present invention, the preparation of the cutting seedling bed includes: PVC pipes are erected at the four corners of the cutting seedling bed, PVC pipes are provided on both sides of the cutting seedling bed, and the PVC pipes are inserted into the soil and fixed; the two ends of the glass rod are inserted into the upper ends of the above-mentioned PVC pipes to form a small arch; a support net is provided at the top of the PVC pipe; and a high-legged plug tray filled with a substrate is laid on the cutting seedling bed.

[0037] In the present invention, the width of the cutting seedbed may be 120-160 cm, preferably 130-150 cm; the height of the cutting seedbed may be 10-15 cm, preferably 12-15 cm.

[0038] In the present invention, the interval between the two sides of the cutting seedbed may be 80-100 cm, preferably 85-95 cm.

[0039] In the present invention, the inner diameter of the PVC pipe may be 1-3 cm, preferably 1.5-2.5 cm; the height of the PVC pipe may be 60-80 cm, preferably 60-75 cm; the height of the PVC pipe in the soil may be 20-30 cm, preferably 25-30 cm.

[0040] In the present invention, the length of the glass rod may be 200-220 cm, preferably 205-215 cm; the diameter of the glass rod may be 0.25-0.30 cm, preferably 0.27-0.30 cm.

[0041] In the present invention, the support net may be arranged at the same level 20-25 cm away from the top end of the PVC pipe.

[0042] In the present invention, the mesh size of the support net can be 8×8-12×12 cm 2 , for example, it can be 10×10cm 2 .

[0043] In the present invention, the number of holes in the high-legged plug tray can be 28-128 holes, preferably 32-50 holes, specifically for example 32 holes or 50 holes; the height of a single hole in the high-legged plug tray can be 9-11 cm, preferably 10-11 cm.

[0044] In the method described in the present invention, the process of cutting propagation may include: in a seedling greenhouse, the cuttings are passed from top to bottom through the mesh of the support net and inserted into the single hole corresponding to the high-legged plug tray vertically below, water is sprayed to thoroughly irrigate the matrix, a plastic film is covered on the cutting seedling bed above the glass rod and around the seedling bed, and a sunshade net is covered on the top of the plastic film. Using the support net as the support for the cuttings is conducive to the stable fixation of the cuttings in the matrix, and the cuttings are kept in a relatively upright state for growth, ensuring that the cuttings will not fall over or have insufficient light due to factors such as branches climbing on each other or blocking each other, which will affect the wound healing and rooting of the cuttings at the bottom and the correction of the upright position of the grafted plants in the later stage.

[0045] In the present invention, the mesh size of the sunshade net can be 0.4-0.6 cm, preferably 0.45-0.55 cm.

[0046] In the method of the present invention, the conditions for cutting propagation include: humidity can be 60-70%, preferably 62-68%; temperature can be 22-25°C, preferably 23-24°C.

[0047] In the present invention, when the temperature is lower than 22°C, the sunshade net is opened, and when the temperature rises back to 22-25°C, the sunshade net is covered again; when the temperature is higher than 25°C or the humidity is higher than 70%, the plastic film is opened and covered with the sunshade net for ventilation, and when the temperature drops to 22-25°C or the humidity is 60-70%, the plastic film is used to cover the cutting bed, and when the cuttings take root, the sunshade net and the plastic film are removed to cultivate and form the rootstock cutting seedlings.

[0048] In the method of the present invention, the cold resistance test process may include: selecting the different hybrid F1 generation single cutting seedlings and culturing them at 3-5°C for 2-4 days and 22-25°C for 45-50 days as experimental groups.

[0049] In the method of the present invention, the cold resistance test process may further include: selecting the different hybrid F1 generation single cuttings and culturing them at 22-25° C. for 47-54 days as a control group.

[0050] In the present invention, the age of the F1 generation individual cuttings of different hybrids in the cold resistance test may be 50-60 days, preferably 53-60 days.

[0051] In the present invention, the ratio of the seedling index of the experimental group to the seedling index of the control group can be 0.75-1, and the corresponding F1 generation plant group seedlings of the different hybrid F1 generation single cutting seedlings are used as cold-resistant rootstock mother plants. In a preferred case, the ratio of the seedling index of the experimental group to the seedling index of the control group can be 0.8-1.

[0052] In the method of the present invention, the process of the stem base rot resistance test includes: inoculating the different hybrid F1 generation individual cuttings with the stem base rot pathogen and observing the disease development. The F1 generation plant population seedlings corresponding to the different hybrid F1 generation individual cuttings that are not resistant to the stem base rot are used as stem base rot resistant rootstock mother plants.

[0053] In the present invention, the seedlings of the F1 generation plant population that simultaneously serve as the cold-resistant rootstock mother plant and the stem base rot-resistant rootstock mother plant can be used as the resistant rootstock mother plant.

[0054] In the present invention, in step (2), the process of selecting tender branches on the rootstock cutting plant to form cuttings may include: cutting the top of the 20-25 cm cutting branch on the rootstock cutting plant.

[0055] In the present invention, in step (2), the cuttings on the rootstock cutting plant are propagated by cuttings in the cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting seedlings. The propagation time can be more than 60 days, preferably 60-70 days.

[0056] In the method of the present invention, in step (3), the top of the rootstock cutting seedling is removed by horizontal shearing at a distance of 15-20 cm from the high-foot plug tray.

[0057] In the method described in the present invention, in step (3), the scion is a tender branch 15-20 cm at the top of the branch of the passion fruit variety.

[0058] In some embodiments, the passion fruit seedling raising method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0059] (1) Hybridizing a rootstock variety with a cold-resistant purple-fruited passion fruit variety to form an F1 generation plant population seedling, marking the F1 generation plant population seedling, cutting the top of the 20-30 cm branch when the scion branches on the F1 generation plant population seedlings grow to 120-150 cm, removing the leaves near the bottom, retaining 1-2 expanded leaves and the top unexpanded leaves to form cuttings; propagating the cuttings on the F1 generation plant population seedlings in the cutting seedling bed to obtain different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings, selecting the different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings with a seedling age of 50-60 days and culturing them at 3-5°C for 2-4 days and at 22-25°C for 45-50 days as the experimental group, and selecting the seedlings with a seedling age of 5 The different hybrid F1 generation single cuttings of 0-60 days old are cultured for 47-54 days under the conditions of 22-25° C. as a control group, and the F1 generation plant group seedlings corresponding to the different hybrid F1 generation single cuttings whose ratio of the seedling index of the experimental group to the seedling index of the control group is 0.75-1 are used as cold-resistant rootstock mother plants; the different hybrid F1 generation single cuttings are inoculated with stem base rot pathogens, and the disease is observed. The F1 generation plant group seedlings corresponding to the different hybrid F1 generation single cuttings that are not resistant to stem base rot are used as stem base rot resistant rootstock mother plants, and the F1 generation plant group seedlings are used as both the cold-resistant rootstock mother plants and the stem base rot resistant rootstock mother plants as the resistant rootstock mother plants in the F1 generation plant group seedlings;

[0060] (2) The resistant rootstock mother plant is planted in the rootstock mother garden, and when the main vine of the resistant rootstock mother plant grows to 160-180 cm, it is topped to form 4 budding mother branches of the resistant rootstock mother plant. When the budding mother branches grow 150-180 cm in opposite directions along the planting bed, they are topped. The budding branches grow downward, and the two budding mother branches in the same direction are kept at a distance of 100-120 cm; one budding branch is retained near the base of the budding mother branch, and when the budding of other budding branches is completed, the branches behind the retained budding branch are cut off, and the branches behind the retained budding branch are cut off, and the budding mother branch part is included when the branches behind the retained budding branch are cut off, and the retained budding branches are allowed to grow to 150-180 cm and then topped. The scion branches replace the original scion mother branches to form new scion mother branches and the next batch of scion branches, and then the same process is repeated to form multiple batches of scion branches; when the scion branches on the resistant rootstock mother plant grow to 120-150 cm, the top of the 20-30 cm scion branches is cut, the leaves near the bottom are removed, and 1-2 expanded leaves and the top unexpanded leaves are retained to form cuttings; the cuttings on the resistant rootstock mother plant are propagated by cuttings in a cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting plants; the top of the 20-25 cm scion branches on the rootstock cutting plants are cut to form cuttings; the cuttings on the rootstock cutting plants are propagated by cuttings in the cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting seedlings, and the time of the cutting propagation is more than 60 days;

[0061] (3) At a distance of 15-20 cm from the high-foot plug tray, the top of the rootstock cutting seedling is removed by flat shearing, and the rootstock cutting seedling is split in the middle with a blade, and tender branches 15-20 cm from the top of the branches of the passion fruit variety are cut to form a scion, and the passion fruit variety scion is grafted onto the split rootstock cutting seedling;

[0062] Wherein, PVC pipes are erected at the four corners of the cutting seedling bed, PVC pipes are provided on both sides of the cutting seedling bed, and the PVC pipes are inserted into the soil and fixed; the two ends of the glass rod are inserted into the upper end of the above-mentioned PVC pipe to form a small arch; a support net is provided at the top of the PVC pipe; a high-legged plug tray filled with a substrate is laid on the cutting seedling bed, the width of the cutting seedling bed is 120-160 cm, the height of the cutting seedling bed is 10-15 cm, the interval between the two sides of the cutting seedling bed is 80-100 cm, the inner diameter of the PVC pipe is 1-3 cm, the height of the PVC pipe is 60-80 cm, the height of the PVC pipe in the soil is 20-30 cm, the length of the glass rod is 200-220 cm, the diameter of the glass rod is 0.25-0.30 cm, the support net is set at the same level 20-25 cm away from the top of the PVC pipe, and the mesh size of the support net is 8×8 cm 2 -12×12cm 2 The number of holes in the high-legged plug tray is 28-128 holes, and the height of a single hole in the high-legged plug tray is 9-11 cm; the process of cutting propagation includes: in a seedling greenhouse, the cuttings are passed from top to bottom through the mesh of the support net and inserted into the single hole corresponding to the high-legged plug tray vertically below, watering the substrate thoroughly, covering the cutting seedbed with a plastic film above the glass rod and around the seedbed, and covering the top of the plastic film with a sunshade net with a mesh size of 0.4-0.6 cm. The conditions for cutting propagation include: humidity of 60-70% and temperature of 22-25°C. When the temperature is lower than 22°C, the sunshade net is opened, and when the temperature rises back to 22-25°C, the sunshade net is covered again; when the temperature is higher than 25°C or the humidity is higher than 70%, the plastic film is opened and covered with the sunshade net for ventilation. When the temperature drops to 22-25°C or the humidity is 60-70%, the plastic film is covered with the cutting seedbed. After the cuttings take root, the sunshade net and the plastic film are removed.

[0063] In other embodiments, the passion fruit seedling raising method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0064] (1) Hybridizing a rootstock variety with a cold-resistant purple-fruited passion fruit variety to form an F1 generation plant population seedling, marking the F1 generation plant population seedling, cutting the top of the 20-30 cm branch when the scion branches on the F1 generation plant population seedlings grow to 120-150 cm, removing the leaves near the bottom, retaining 1-2 expanded leaves and the top unexpanded leaves to form cuttings; the cuttings on the F1 generation plant population seedlings are propagated by cuttings in the cutting seedling bed to obtain different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings, selecting the different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings with a seedling age of 53-60 days and culturing them at 3-5°C for 2-4 days and at 22-25°C for 45-50 days as the experimental group, and selecting the F1 generation single plant cuttings with a seedling age of 10-25 days. The different hybrid F1 generation single cuttings of 50-60 days old are cultured for 47-54 days under the conditions of 22-25° C. as a control group, and the F1 generation plant group seedlings corresponding to the different hybrid F1 generation single cuttings whose ratio of the seedling index of the experimental group to the seedling index of the control group is 0.8-1 are used as cold-resistant rootstock mother plants; the different hybrid F1 generation single cuttings are inoculated with stem base rot pathogens, and the disease is observed. The F1 generation plant group seedlings corresponding to the different hybrid F1 generation single cuttings that are not resistant to stem base rot are used as stem base rot resistant rootstock mother plants, and the F1 generation plant group seedlings are used as both the cold-resistant rootstock mother plants and the stem base rot resistant rootstock mother plants as the resistant rootstock mother plants in the F1 generation plant group seedlings;

[0065] (2) The resistant rootstock mother plant is planted in the rootstock mother garden, and when the main vine of the resistant rootstock mother plant grows to 160-180 cm, it is topped to form 4 budding mother branches of the resistant rootstock mother plant. When the budding mother branches grow 150-180 cm in opposite directions along the planting bed, they are topped, and the budding branches grow downward, and the two budding mother branches in the same direction are kept at a distance of 100-120 cm; one budding branch is retained near the base of the budding mother branch, and when the budding of other budding branches is completed, the branches behind the retained budding branch are cut off, and the branches behind the retained budding branch are cut off, and the retained budding branch is allowed to grow to 150-180 cm. Topping, the scion branches replace the original scion mother branches to form new scion mother branches and the next batch of scion branches, and then the same process is repeated to form multiple batches of scion branches; when the scion branches on the resistant rootstock mother plant grow to 120-150 cm, cutting the top of the 20-30 cm scion branches, removing the leaves near the bottom, retaining 1-2 expanded leaves and the top unexpanded leaves to form cuttings; the cuttings on the resistant rootstock mother plant are propagated by cuttings in a cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting plants; cutting the top of the 20-25 cm scion branches on the rootstock cutting plants to form cuttings; the cuttings on the rootstock cutting plants are propagated by cuttings in the cutting seedling bed for 60-70 days to form rootstock cutting seedlings;

[0066] (3) At a distance of 15-20 cm from the high-foot plug tray, the top of the rootstock cutting seedling is removed by flat shearing, and the rootstock cutting seedling is split in the middle with a blade, and tender branches 15-20 cm from the top of the branches of the passion fruit variety are cut to form a scion, and the passion fruit variety scion is grafted onto the split rootstock cutting seedling;

[0067] Wherein, PVC pipes are erected at the four corners of the cutting seedling bed, PVC pipes are provided on both sides of the cutting seedling bed, and the PVC pipes are inserted into the soil and fixed; the two ends of the glass rod are inserted into the upper end of the above-mentioned PVC pipe to form a small arch; a support net is provided at the top of the PVC pipe; a high-legged plug tray filled with a substrate is laid on the cutting seedling bed, the width of the cutting seedling bed is 130-150 cm, the height of the cutting seedling bed is 12-15 cm, the interval between the two sides of the cutting seedling bed is 85-95 cm, the inner diameter of the PVC pipe is 1.5-2.5 cm, the height of the PVC pipe is 60-75 cm, the height of the PVC pipe in the soil is 25-30 cm, the length of the glass rod is 205-215 cm, the diameter of the glass rod is 0.27-0.30 cm, the support net is set at the same level 20-25 cm away from the top of the PVC pipe, and the mesh size of the support net is 10×10 cm 2 The number of holes in the high-legged plug tray is 32-50, and the height of each hole in the high-legged plug tray is 10-11 cm. The process of the cutting propagation comprises: in a seedling greenhouse, the cuttings are passed from top to bottom through the mesh of the support net and inserted into the corresponding single hole of the high-legged plug tray vertically below, watering the substrate thoroughly, covering the cutting seedbed with a plastic film above the glass rod and around the seedbed, and covering the top of the plastic film with a sunshade net with a mesh size of 0.45-0.55 cm. The conditions for cutting propagation include: humidity of 62-68% and temperature of 23-24°C. When the temperature is lower than 23°C, the sunshade net is opened, and when the temperature rises back to 23-24°C, the sunshade net is covered again; when the temperature is higher than 24°C or the humidity is higher than 68%, the plastic film is opened and covered with the sunshade net for ventilation. When the temperature drops to 23-24°C or the humidity is 62-68%, the plastic film is covered on the cutting seedbed. After the cuttings take root, the sunshade net and the plastic film are removed.

[0068] The passion fruit seedling raising method of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The examples are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0069] The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods in the art. The experimental materials used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] (1) The rootstock variety was hybridized with Tainong No. 1 passion fruit to form F1 generation plant population seedlings, and the F1 generation plant population seedlings were marked. When the scion branches on the F1 generation plant population seedlings grew to 130 cm, the top of the 25 cm scion branches was cut, the leaves near the bottom were removed, and two expanded leaves and the top unexpanded leaves were retained to form cuttings; the cuttings on the F1 generation plant population seedlings were propagated by cuttings in the cutting seedling bed to obtain different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings. Different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings with an age of 55 days were selected and cultured at 4°C for 3 days and at 24°C for 47 days as the experimental group, and the scion branches with an age of 55 days were selected and cultured at 4°C for 3 days and at 24°C for 47 days as the experimental group. The F1 generation single cuttings of different hybrids were cultured at 24°C for 47 days as a control group, and the F1 generation plant group seedlings corresponding to the F1 generation single cuttings of the experimental group with a ratio of the seedling index to the seedling index of the control group of 0.75-1 were used as cold-resistant rootstock mother plants; the F1 generation single cuttings of different hybrids were inoculated with stem base rot pathogens, and the disease was observed. The F1 generation plant group seedlings corresponding to the F1 generation single cuttings of different hybrids that were not resistant to stem base rot were used as stem base rot resistant rootstock mother plants, and in the F1 generation plant group seedlings, they were used as both cold-resistant rootstock mother plants and stem base rot resistant rootstock mother plants as resistant rootstock mother plants;

[0072] (2) The resistant rootstock mother plant is planted in the budding garden. When the main vine of the resistant rootstock mother plant grows to 170 cm, it is topped to form four budding mother branches of the resistant rootstock mother plant. When the budding mother branches grow 170 cm in opposite directions along the planting bed, they are topped. The budding branches grow downward, and the two budding mother branches in the same direction are kept 110 cm apart. One budding branch is retained near the base of the budding mother branch. When the budding of other budding branches is completed, the branches behind the retained budding branch are cut off. The branches behind the retained budding branch are cut off, including the budding mother branch part, and the retained budding branch is allowed to grow to 170 cm and then topped. This scion branch replaces the original scion mother branch to form a new scion mother branch and the next batch of scion branches, and then the same process is repeated to form multiple batches of scion branches; when the scion branch on the resistant rootstock mother plant grows to 130 cm, the top of the 25 cm scion branch is cut, the leaves near the bottom are removed, and two expanded leaves and the top unexpanded leaves are retained to form cuttings; the cuttings on the resistant rootstock mother plant are propagated by cuttings in a cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting plants; the top of the 23 cm scion branch on the rootstock cutting plant is cut to form cuttings; the cuttings on the rootstock cutting plant are propagated by cuttings in a cutting seedling bed for 65 days to form rootstock cutting seedlings;

[0073] (3) At a distance of 15-20 cm from the high-foot plug tray, remove the top of the rootstock cutting seedling with a flat shear, split the rootstock cutting seedling in the middle with a blade, cut the top 20 cm tender branches of the passion fruit variety branches to form a scion, and graft the passion fruit variety scion onto the split rootstock cutting seedling;

[0074] Among them, PVC pipes are erected at the four corners of the cutting seedling bed, PVC pipes are provided on both sides of the cutting seedling bed, and the PVC pipes are inserted into the soil and fixed; the two ends of the glass rod are inserted into the upper end of the above-mentioned PVC pipe to form a small arch; a support net is provided at the top of the PVC pipe; a high-legged hole tray filled with a substrate is laid on the cutting seedling bed, the width of the cutting seedling bed is 150 cm, the height of the cutting seedling bed is 15 cm, the interval between the two sides of the cutting seedling bed is 90 cm, the inner diameter of the PVC pipe is 2 cm, the height of the PVC pipe is 70 cm, the height of the PVC pipe in the soil is 25 cm, the length of the glass rod is 210 cm, the diameter of the glass rod is 0.30 cm, the support net is set at the same level 25 cm away from the top of the PVC pipe, and the mesh size of the support net is 10×10 cm 2 The number of holes in the high-legged plug tray is 32, and the height of a single hole in the high-legged plug tray is 10 cm; the process of cutting propagation includes: in the seedling greenhouse, the cuttings are passed from top to bottom through the mesh of the supporting net and inserted into the corresponding single hole of the high-legged plug tray vertically below, and the substrate is sprayed with water to thoroughly irrigate the substrate. The cutting seedbed is covered with plastic film above the glass rod and around the seedbed, and the arched top of the plastic film is covered with a shade net with a mesh size of 0.5 cm. The conditions for cutting propagation include: humidity of 65% and temperature of 25°C. When the temperature is lower than 25°C, the shade net is opened, and when the temperature rises to 25°C, the shade net is covered again; when the temperature is higher than 25°C or the humidity is higher than 70%, the plastic film is opened and covered with the shade net for ventilation. When the temperature drops to 25°C or the humidity is 65%, the cutting seedbed is covered with plastic film. After the cuttings take root, the shade net and plastic film are removed.

[0075] The calculation formula for the seedling index is: seedling index = stem diameter / plant height + whole plant dry mass.

[0076] Cold resistance test: The passion fruit seedlings cultivated in Example 1 were cultured at 4°C for 3 days and at 24°C for 47 days as the experimental group, and the passion fruit seedlings cultivated in Example 1 were cultured at 24°C for 47 days as the control group. The ratio of the seedling index of the experimental group to the seedling index of the control group was 0.75-1, and the corresponding F1 generation plant group seedlings of different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings were used as cold-resistant rootstock mother plants.

[0077] Resistance to stem rot test: The passion fruit seedlings cultivated in Example 1 were inoculated with the stem rot pathogen and the disease was observed. The passion fruit seedlings that were not resistant to the stem rot were resistant to the stem rot. The proportion of passion fruit seedlings resistant to the stem rot was recorded in Table 1.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] (1) The rootstock variety was hybridized with Tainong No. 1 passion fruit to form F1 generation plant population seedlings, and the F1 generation plant population seedlings were marked. When the scion branches on the F1 generation plant population seedlings grew to 120 cm, the top of the 20 cm scion branches was cut, the leaves near the bottom were removed, and one expanded leaf and the top unexpanded leaf were retained to form cuttings; the cuttings on the F1 generation plant population seedlings were propagated by cuttings in the cutting seedling bed to obtain different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings, and the different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings with a seedling age of 50 days were selected and cultured at 3 ° C for 2 days and at 22 ° C for 45 days as the experimental group, and the scion branches with a seedling age of 50 days were selected and cultured at 3 ° C for 2 days and at 22 ° C for 45 days as the experimental group. The F1 generation single cuttings of different hybrids were cultured at 22°C for 47 days as a control group, and the F1 generation plant group seedlings corresponding to the F1 generation single cuttings of the experimental group with a ratio of the seedling index to the seedling index of the control group of 0.75-1 were used as cold-resistant rootstock mother plants; the F1 generation single cuttings of different hybrids were inoculated with stem base rot pathogens, and the disease was observed. The F1 generation plant group seedlings corresponding to the F1 generation single cuttings of different hybrids that were not resistant to stem base rot were used as stem base rot resistant rootstock mother plants, and the F1 generation plant group seedlings were used as both cold-resistant rootstock mother plants and stem base rot resistant rootstock mother plants as resistant rootstock mother plants in the F1 generation plant group seedlings;

[0080] (2) The resistant rootstock mother plant is planted in the budding garden. When the main vine of the resistant rootstock mother plant grows to 160 cm, it is topped to form 4 budding mother branches of the resistant rootstock mother plant. When the budding mother branches grow 150 cm in opposite directions along the planting bed, they are topped. The budding branches grow downward, and the two budding mother branches in the same direction are kept 100 cm apart. One budding branch is retained near the base of the budding mother branch. When the budding of other budding branches is completed, the branches behind the retained budding branch are cut off. The branches behind the retained budding branch are cut off, including the budding mother branch part, and the retained budding branch is allowed to grow to 150 cm and then topped. This scion branch replaces the original scion mother branch to form a new scion mother branch and the next batch of scion branches, and then the same process is repeated to form multiple batches of scion branches; when the scion branch on the resistant rootstock mother plant grows to 120 cm, the top of the 20 cm scion branch is cut, the leaves near the bottom are removed, and one expanded leaf and the top unexpanded leaf are retained to form a cutting; the cuttings on the resistant rootstock mother plant are propagated by cuttings in a cutting nursery bed to form a rootstock cutting plant; the top of the 20 cm scion branch on the rootstock cutting plant is cut to form a cutting; the cuttings on the rootstock cutting plant are propagated by cuttings in a cutting nursery bed for 60 days to form a rootstock cutting seedling;

[0081] (3) At a distance of 15-20 cm from the high-foot plug tray, remove the top of the rootstock cutting seedling with a flat shear, split the rootstock cutting seedling in the middle with a blade, cut the 15 cm tender branches at the top of the passion fruit variety branches to form a scion, and graft the passion fruit variety scion onto the split rootstock cutting seedling;

[0082] Among them, PVC pipes are erected at the four corners of the cutting seedling bed, PVC pipes are provided on both sides of the cutting seedling bed, and the PVC pipes are inserted into the soil and fixed; the two ends of the glass rod are inserted into the upper end of the above-mentioned PVC pipe to form a small arch; a support net is provided at the top of the PVC pipe; a high-legged hole tray filled with a substrate is laid on the cutting seedling bed, the width of the cutting seedling bed is 120 cm, the height of the cutting seedling bed is 10 cm, the interval between the two sides of the cutting seedling bed is 80 cm, the inner diameter of the PVC pipe is 1 cm, the height of the PVC pipe is 60 cm, the height of the PVC pipe in the soil is 20 cm, the length of the glass rod is 200 cm, the diameter of the glass rod is 0.25 cm, the support net is set at the same level 20 cm away from the top of the PVC pipe, and the mesh size of the support net is 8×8 cm 2 The number of holes in the high-legged plug tray is 32, and the height of a single hole in the high-legged plug tray is 9 cm; the process of cutting propagation includes: in the seedling greenhouse, the cuttings are passed from top to bottom through the mesh of the supporting net and inserted into the corresponding single hole of the high-legged plug tray vertically below, and the substrate is sprayed with water to thoroughly irrigate the substrate. The cutting seedbed is covered with plastic film above the glass rod and around the seedbed, and the arched top of the plastic film is covered with a shade net with a mesh size of 0.4 cm. The conditions for cutting propagation include: humidity of 60% and temperature of 22°C. When the temperature is lower than 22°C, the shade net is opened, and when the temperature rises to 22°C, the shade net is covered again; when the temperature is higher than 22°C or the humidity is higher than 60%, the plastic film is opened and covered with the shade net for ventilation. When the temperature drops to 22°C or the humidity is 60%, the cutting seedbed is covered with plastic film. After the cuttings take root, the shade net and plastic film are removed.

[0083] The cold resistance test and stem base rot resistance test were carried out according to Example 1, and the data were recorded in Table 1.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] (1) The rootstock variety was hybridized with Tainong No. 1 passion fruit to form F1 generation plant population seedlings, and the F1 generation plant population seedlings were marked. When the scion branches on the F1 generation plant population seedlings grew to 150 cm, the top of the 30 cm scion branches was cut, the leaves near the bottom were removed, and two expanded leaves and the top unexpanded leaves were retained to form cuttings; the cuttings on the F1 generation plant population seedlings were propagated by cuttings in the cutting seedling bed to obtain different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings. Different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings with a seedling age of 60 days were selected and cultured at 5°C for 4 days and at 25°C for 50 days as the experimental group, and the seedlings with a seedling age of 60 days were selected as the experimental group. The F1 generation single cuttings of different hybrids were cultured at 25°C for 54 days as a control group, and the ratio of the seedling index of the experimental group to the seedling index of the control group was 0.75-1. The corresponding F1 generation plant group seedlings of the F1 generation single cuttings of different hybrids were used as cold-resistant rootstock mother plants; the stem base rot pathogen was inoculated into the F1 generation single cuttings of different hybrids to observe the disease occurrence. The corresponding F1 generation plant group seedlings of the F1 generation single cuttings of different hybrids that were not resistant to the stem base rot were used as stem base rot resistant rootstock mother plants, and the F1 generation plant group seedlings were used as both cold-resistant rootstock mother plants and stem base rot resistant rootstock mother plants as resistant rootstock mother plants in the F1 generation plant group seedlings;

[0086] (2) The resistant rootstock mother plant is planted in the budding garden. When the main vine of the resistant rootstock mother plant grows to 180 cm, it is topped to form four budding mother branches of the resistant rootstock mother plant. When the budding mother branches grow 180 cm in opposite directions along the planting bed, they are topped. The budding branches grow downward, and the two budding mother branches in the same direction are kept 120 cm apart. One budding branch is retained near the base of the budding mother branch. When the budding of other budding branches is completed, the branches behind the retained budding branch are cut off. The branches behind the retained budding branch are cut off, including the budding mother branch part, and the retained budding branch is allowed to grow to 180 cm and then topped. This scion branch replaces the original scion mother branch to form a new scion mother branch and the next batch of scion branches, and then the same process is repeated to form multiple batches of scion branches; when the scion branch on the resistant rootstock mother plant grows to 150 cm, the top of the 30 cm scion branch is cut, the leaves near the bottom are removed, and two expanded leaves and the top unexpanded leaves are retained to form cuttings; the cuttings on the resistant rootstock mother plant are propagated by cuttings in a cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting plants; the top of the 25 cm scion branch on the rootstock cutting plant is cut to form cuttings; the cuttings on the rootstock cutting plant are propagated by cuttings in a cutting seedling bed for 70 days to form rootstock cutting seedlings;

[0087] (3) At a distance of 15-20 cm from the high-foot plug tray, remove the top of the rootstock cutting seedling with a flat shear, split the rootstock cutting seedling in the middle with a blade, cut the top 20 cm tender branches of the passion fruit variety branches to form a scion, and graft the passion fruit variety scion onto the split rootstock cutting seedling;

[0088] Among them, PVC pipes are erected at the four corners of the cutting seedling bed, PVC pipes are provided on both sides of the cutting seedling bed, and the PVC pipes are inserted into the soil and fixed; the two ends of the glass rod are inserted into the upper end of the above-mentioned PVC pipe to form a small arch; a support net is provided at the top of the PVC pipe; a high-legged hole tray filled with a substrate is laid on the cutting seedling bed, the width of the cutting seedling bed is 160 cm, the height of the cutting seedling bed is 15 cm, the interval between the two sides of the cutting seedling bed is 100 cm, the inner diameter of the PVC pipe is 3 cm, the height of the PVC pipe is 80 cm, the height of the PVC pipe in the soil is 30 cm, the length of the glass rod is 220 cm, the diameter of the glass rod is 0.30 cm, the support net is set at the same level 25 cm away from the top of the PVC pipe, and the mesh size of the support net is 12×12 cm 2 , the number of holes in the high-legged plug tray is 50, and the height of a single hole in the high-legged plug tray is 11 cm; the process of cutting propagation includes: in the seedling greenhouse, the cuttings are passed from top to bottom through the mesh of the supporting net and inserted into the corresponding single hole of the high-legged plug tray vertically below, and the substrate is sprayed with water to thoroughly irrigate the substrate. The cutting seedbed is covered with plastic film above the glass rod and around the seedbed, and the arched top of the plastic film is covered with a sunshade net with a mesh size of 0.6 cm. The conditions for cutting propagation include: humidity of 70% and temperature of 25°C. When the temperature is lower than 25°C, the sunshade net is opened, and when the temperature rises to 25°C, the sunshade net is covered again; when the temperature is higher than 25°C or the humidity is higher than 70%, the plastic film is opened and covered with the sunshade net for ventilation. When the temperature drops to 25°C or the humidity is 70%, the cutting seedbed is covered with plastic film. After the cuttings take root, the sunshade net and plastic film are removed.

[0089] The cold resistance test and stem base rot resistance test were carried out according to Example 1, and the data were recorded in Table 1.

[0090] Comparative Example 1

[0091] Passion fruit seedlings were cultivated according to the method of Example 1, except that step (1) was omitted and the rootstock mother plants were directly planted in the scion garden. The data are recorded in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1

[0093]

[0094] It can be seen from the results in Table 1 that the embodiment of the passion fruit seedling raising method according to the present invention has a high proportion of cold-resistant passion fruit seedlings and a high proportion of stem base rot-resistant passion fruit seedlings, and the original resistance of the rootstock is maintained to a large extent.

[0095] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various simple variations of the technical solution of the present invention may be made, including combining the various technical features in any other appropriate manner. These simple variations and combinations should also be regarded as disclosed in the present invention and fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passion fruit seedling raising method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) hybridizing a rootstock variety with a cold-resistant purple-fruited passion fruit variety to form an F1 generation plant population seedling, selecting tender shoots on the F1 generation plant population seedling to form cuttings; propagating the cuttings on the F1 generation plant population seedling in a cutting seedling bed to obtain different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings, and performing cold resistance tests and stem base rot resistance tests on the different hybrid F1 generation single plant cuttings to obtain resistant rootstock mother plants; (2) cultivating the resistant rootstock mother plant; selecting tender branches on the resistant rootstock mother plant to form cuttings; propagating the cuttings on the resistant rootstock mother plant in a cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting plants; selecting tender branches on the rootstock cutting plants to form cuttings; propagating the cuttings on the rootstock cutting plants in the cutting seedling bed to form rootstock cutting seedlings; (3) removing the top of the rootstock cutting seedling by horizontal shearing, splitting the rootstock cutting seedling in the middle with a blade, and grafting the passion fruit variety scion onto the split rootstock cutting seedling; The process of selecting tender branches to form cuttings includes: when the cutting branches grow to 120-150 cm, cutting the top of the 20-30 cm cutting branches, removing the leaves near the bottom, retaining 1-2 expanded leaves and the top unexpanded leaves, to form cuttings; in step (2), the process of cultivating the resistant rootstock mother plant includes: planting the resistant rootstock mother plant in the rootstock mother garden, topping the main vine of the resistant rootstock mother plant when it grows to 160-180 cm, forming 4 cutting mother branches of the resistant rootstock mother plant, topping the cutting mother branches when they grow 150-180 cm in opposite directions along the planting bed, and the cutting branches grow downward, and the two cutting mother branches in the same direction are kept at a distance of 100-120 cm; In step (2), the process of cultivating the resistant rootstock mother plant also includes: retaining one budding branch near the base of the budding mother branch, cutting off the branches after the budding of other budding branches, and allowing the retained budding branches to grow to 150-180 cm and top them, and the budding branches replace the original budding mother branches to form new budding mother branches and the next batch of budding branches, and then repeating the process to form multiple batches of budding branches.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation of the cutting seedling bed includes: standing PVC pipes at the four corners of the cutting seedling bed, arranging PVC pipes on both sides of the cutting seedling bed, and inserting the PVC pipes into the soil for fixing; inserting the two ends of the glass rods into the upper ends of the above-mentioned PVC pipes to form a small arch; arranging a support net away from the top of the PVC pipe; and laying a high-legged plug tray filled with a substrate on the cutting seedling bed.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The process of cutting propagation includes: in a seedling greenhouse, the cuttings are passed from top to bottom through the mesh of the support net and inserted into the single hole corresponding to the high-legged plug tray vertically below, water is sprayed to thoroughly irrigate the substrate, a plastic film is covered on the cutting seedbed above the glass rod and around the seedbed, and a sunshade net is covered on the arched top outside the plastic film.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The conditions for the cutting propagation include: a humidity of 60-70% and a temperature of 22-25°C.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The cold resistance test process includes: selecting the different hybrid F1 generation single cutting seedlings and culturing them under conditions of 3-5°C for 2-4 days and 22-25°C for 45-50 days in sequence.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The process of the stem base rot resistance test includes: inoculating the stem base rot pathogen and observing the disease occurrence.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (3), the scion is a tender branch 15-20 cm long at the top of the branch of the passion fruit variety.

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