A nanocomposite coated cemented carbide cutting tool with self-lubricating properties

Abstract

This invention discloses a self-lubricating nanocomposite coated cemented carbide cutting tool, comprising a cutting tool mounting part, a tool holder fixing part, and a cutting tool. The tool holder fixing part is located on one side of the cutting tool mounting part, and its upper end has a strip-shaped groove for tool holder screw engagement. The cutting tool is fixedly mounted on the cutting tool mounting part by a fixing screw. The upper end of the cutting tool mounting part has a threaded hole, and the cutting tool has a countersunk hole corresponding to the threaded hole. One end of the fixing screw passes through the countersunk hole and is threaded into the threaded hole. The upper end of the cutting tool mounting part has an integrally formed limiting block for preventing cutting tool rotation, and the lower end of the tool holder fixing part is provided with a tool pad assembly. In this invention, the cutting tool is coated with an AlCrSiCuN nanocomposite coating, which reduces the friction coefficient of the cutting tool during use, and to a certain extent avoids problems such as tool sticking and chipping during cutting, thus extending the tool's service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of alloy cutting tool technology, and specifically relates to a nano-composite coated cemented carbide cutting tool with self-lubricating properties. Background Technology

[0002] Carbide cutting tools are tools made of cemented carbide, an alloy material produced by powder metallurgy from hard compounds of refractory metals and binder metals. Carbide possesses a range of excellent properties, including high hardness, wear resistance, good strength and toughness, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance. Its high hardness and wear resistance are particularly noteworthy, remaining largely unchanged even at 500℃ and maintaining high hardness at 1000℃. The development and application of coating technology have played a crucial role in improving tool performance and advancing cutting techniques; PVD-coated tools have become an important hallmark of modern cutting tools. Early coated tool materials mainly included TiC, TiN, and TiCN. Adding Al to TiN coatings to form TiAlN coatings not only improves hardness and wear resistance compared to TiN but also significantly improves corrosion resistance and increases oxidation resistance. TiAlN coatings with high Al content are called AlTiN coatings. Increased Al content (1 < Al / Ti < 2 / 1) refines the coating grains, significantly improving hardness, oxidation resistance, and wear resistance, thus greatly extending the tool's cutting life.

[0003] The introduction of elements such as Si and Cr into current coated carbide tools can improve the hardness and oxidation resistance of the coating, significantly improving the cutting life of hardened steels. However, for difficult-to-machine aerospace materials such as titanium alloys and high-temperature alloys, due to their high brittleness, severe adhesion during machining, high cutting forces, and high cutting temperatures, ordinary AlTiN and superhard AlTiSi(Cr)N coated carbide tools experience high friction coefficients between the coating and the workpiece during machining, leading to high cutting forces, high cutting heat, and problems such as tool sticking and chipping, rapidly reducing tool life. Therefore, we propose a nanocomposite coated carbide tool with self-lubricating properties to address the problems existing in the current technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a nano-composite coated cemented carbide cutting tool with self-lubricating properties, so as to solve the problems of tool sticking and chipping that easily occur during cutting in the prior art as mentioned in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A self-lubricating nanocomposite coated cemented carbide cutting tool includes a cutting tool mounting part, a tool holder fixing part, and a cutting tool. The tool holder fixing part is located on one side of the cutting tool mounting part, and the upper end of the tool holder fixing part has a strip-shaped groove for tool holder screw locking and fixing. The cutting tool is fixedly mounted on the cutting tool mounting part by a fixing screw. The upper end of the cutting tool mounting part has a threaded hole, and the cutting tool has a countersunk hole corresponding to the threaded hole. One end of the fixing screw passes through the countersunk hole and is threaded into the inside of the threaded hole. The upper end of the cutting tool mounting part has an integrally formed limit block for preventing the cutting tool from rotating, and the lower end of the tool holder fixing part is provided with a tool pad assembly.

[0007] The blade pad assembly includes a blade pad block and a connector block. One end of the connector block is fixedly welded to a connecting block, and the lower end of the connecting block is fixedly welded to one side of the upper end of the blade pad block. The lower end of the blade holder fixing part is provided with a slot, and the connector block is inserted and fixed inside the slot. The lower surface of the blade pad block is set as an inclined surface.

[0008] The cutting tool includes a tool substrate and a nanocomposite coating deposited on the tool substrate. The nanocomposite coating includes an AlTiN-Ni nanoparticle composite coating and an AlTiN-Ni nanomultilayer composite coating. In the AlTiN-Ni nanoparticle composite coating, Ni elements are uniformly distributed in AlTiN. The AlTiN-Ni nanomultilayer composite coating is a composite coating with AlTiN layer and Ni layer as one cycle, and distributed in a cycle of AlTiN layer, Ni layer, AlTiN layer, Ni layer.

[0009] Preferably, the nanocomposite coating further includes a Zr transition layer, an AlCrSiCuN nanocoating, and a WS2 soft coating. The Zr transition layer uses a high-purity Zr target, and a mixed gas of N2 and Ar is introduced, with a total gas flow rate of 80-100 sccm, a deposition gas pressure of 0.8-1.2 Pa, a sputtering power of 200-300 W, and a deposition thickness of 50-60 nm.

[0010] Preferably, the atomic percentage content of the AlCrSiCuN nanocoating is: Al: 18-29 at.%; Cr: 19-30 at.%; Si: 6-9 at.%; Cu: 0-16 at.%; N: 46-55 at.%, and the total atomic percentage of the AlCrSiCuN nanocoating is 100 at.%.

[0011] Preferably, the WS2 soft coating is deposited on the Zr transition layer. During deposition, Ar gas is introduced, the deposition pressure is 1.0-1.2 Pa, the high-purity WS2 target at the RF target position is turned on, and RF magnetron sputtering technology is used. The RF power supply frequency is 13.56 MHz, the substrate bias voltage is -100--200 V, the sputtering power is 50-150 W, and the deposition thickness is 0.5-0.7 μm.

[0012] Preferably, the lower surface of the pad block is provided with a T-shaped groove, and the size of the T-shaped groove is the same as the size of the slot.

[0013] Preferably, rubber pads are fixedly bonded to the inner walls of both the slot and the T-slot, and the rubber pads are configured to have a rounded chamfer at one end.

[0014] Preferably, the AlTiN-Ni nanoparticle composite coating is constructed according to the general formula (AlaTibNc)Niz and satisfies a+b+c+z=1, where a ranges from 0.22 to 0.38, b ranges from 0.13 to 0.27, and z ranges from 0.01 to 0.09.

[0015] Preferably, the total thickness of the nanocomposite coating is 3.5μm-3.8μm.

[0016] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: The nanocomposite coated cemented carbide cutting tool with self-lubricating properties proposed in this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0017] In this invention, the cutting tool is coated with an AlCrSiCuN nanocomposite coating. This nanocomposite coating has high film-substrate adhesion, low coefficient of friction, high toughness, and excellent dry cutting performance. Furthermore, the self-lubricating effect of the non-nitride metal Ni layer during the cutting process can significantly reduce the coefficient of friction between the coated tool and the workpiece, resulting in excellent lubrication. Compared with existing coated carbide tools, this tool simultaneously possesses high oxidation resistance and low brittleness. Moreover, due to the reduced coefficient of friction during use caused by the AlCrSiCuN nanocomposite coating, problems such as tool sticking and chipping during cutting are avoided to a certain extent, thus extending the tool's service life. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pad block structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nanocomposite coating of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Blade mounting part; 2. Tool holder fixing part; 3. Blade; 4. Strip groove; 5. Threaded hole; 6. Countersunk hole; 7. Fixing screw; 8. Limiting block; 9. Tool pad assembly; 10. Tool pad block; 11. Insert block; 12. Connecting block; 13. Slot; 14. Tool substrate; 15. Nanocomposite coating; 16. AlTiN-Ni nanoparticle composite coating; 17. AlTiN-Ni nano multilayer composite coating; 18. Zr transition layer; 19. AlCrSiCuN nano coating; 20. WS2 soft coating; 21. T-groove; 22. Rubber pad. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] This invention provides, for example Figure 1-4 The present invention relates to a self-lubricating nanocomposite coated cemented carbide cutting tool, comprising a cutting tool mounting part 1, a tool holder fixing part 2, and a cutting tool 3. The tool holder fixing part 2 is located on one side of the cutting tool mounting part 1, and the upper end of the tool holder fixing part 2 is provided with a strip-shaped groove 4 for tool holder screw locking and fixing. The cutting tool 3 is fixedly mounted on the cutting tool mounting part 1 by a fixing screw 7. The upper end of the cutting tool mounting part 1 is provided with a threaded hole 5, and the cutting tool 3 is provided with a countersunk hole 6 corresponding to the threaded hole 5. One end of the fixing screw 7 passes through the countersunk hole 6 and is threaded into the inside of the threaded hole 5. The upper end of the cutting tool mounting part 1 is integrally formed with a limiting block 8 for preventing the cutting tool 3 from rotating, and the lower end of the tool holder fixing part 2 is provided with a tool pad assembly 9.

[0025] The tool holder assembly 9 includes a tool holder block 10 and a plug-in block 11. One end of the plug-in block 11 is fixedly welded with a connecting block 12, and the lower end of the connecting block 12 is fixedly welded to one side of the upper end of the tool holder block 10. The lower end of the tool holder fixing part 2 is provided with a slot 13, and the plug-in block 11 is inserted and fixed inside the slot 13. The lower surface of the tool holder block 10 is set as an inclined surface.

[0026] The lower surface of the pad block 10 is provided with a T-shaped groove 21. The size of the T-shaped groove 21 is the same as that of the slot 13. Rubber pads 22 are fixedly bonded to the inner walls of both the slot 13 and the T-shaped groove 21. The rubber pads 22 are configured with a rounded chamfer at one end.

[0027] Through the above design, when in use, this tool can be padded according to the actual use requirements. Since the lower surface of the padding block 10 is provided with a T-shaped groove 21 and the size of the T-shaped groove 21 is the same as the size of the slot 13, multiple layers of padding blocks 10 can be stacked according to the actual situation, which further facilitates the padding of the tool according to the actual use requirements.

[0028] The length of the blade pad 10 is less than or equal to the total length of the blade mounting part 1 and the blade holder fixing part 2;

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the cutting tool 3 includes a tool substrate 14 and a nanocomposite coating 15 deposited on the tool substrate 14. The nanocomposite coating 15 includes an AlTiN-Ni nanoparticle composite coating 16 and an AlTiN-Ni nanomultilayer composite coating 17. In the AlTiN-Ni nanoparticle composite coating 16, Ni elements are uniformly distributed in AlTiN. The AlTiN-Ni nanomultilayer composite coating 17 is a composite coating with AlTiN layer and Ni layer as one cycle, and distributed in a cycle of AlTiN layer, Ni layer, AlTiN layer, Ni layer.

[0030] The nanocomposite coating 15 also includes a Zr transition layer 18, an AlCrSiCuN nanocoating 19, and a WS2 soft coating 20. The Zr transition layer 18 uses a high-purity Zr target, and a mixed gas of N2 and Ar is introduced, with a total gas flow rate of 80-100 sccm, a deposition gas pressure of 0.8-1.2 Pa, a sputtering power of 200-300 W, and a deposition thickness of 50-60 nm. The atomic percentage content of the AlCrSiCuN nanocoating 19 is: Al: 18-29 at.%; Cr: 19-30 at.%; Si: 6-9 at.%. t.%; Cu: 0-16at.%; N: 46-55at.%; and the total atomic percentage of AlCrSiCuN nano-coating 19 is 100at.%; WS2 soft coating 20 is deposited on Zr transition layer 18. During deposition, Ar gas is introduced, the deposition pressure is 1.0-1.2Pa, the high-purity WS2 target of the RF target site is turned on, and RF magnetron sputtering technology is used. The RF power supply frequency is 13.56MHz, the substrate bias voltage is -100--200V, the sputtering power is 50-150W, and the deposition thickness is 0.5-0.7μm;

[0031] The AlTiN-Ni nanoparticle composite coating 16 is constructed according to the general formula (AlaTibNc)Niz and satisfies a+b+c+z=1, where a ranges from 0.22 to 0.38, b ranges from 0.13 to 0.27, and z ranges from 0.01 to 0.09.

[0032] The total thickness of the nanocomposite coating 15 is 3.5μm-3.8μm, and all coatings in this invention are prepared using the conventional PVD cathode arc deposition method.

[0033] Through the above design, the cutting tool possesses a series of excellent properties such as high hardness, wear resistance, good strength and toughness, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance, while reducing its brittleness. Furthermore, the deposition of an AlCrSiCuN nanocomposite coating reduces the friction coefficient of the cutting tool during use.

[0034] Structural Principle: The cutting tool in this invention is coated with an AlCrSiCuN nano-coating 19. This nano-composite coating has high film-substrate adhesion, low coefficient of friction, high toughness, and excellent dry cutting performance. Furthermore, the self-lubricating effect of the non-nitride metal Ni layer during the cutting process can significantly reduce the coefficient of friction between the coated tool and the workpiece, providing excellent lubrication. Compared with existing coated carbide tools, this tool simultaneously possesses high oxidation resistance and low brittleness. Moreover, due to the deposition of the AlCrSiCuN nano-coating 19, the coefficient of friction during tool use is reduced, which to some extent avoids problems such as tool sticking and chipping during cutting, thus extending the tool's service life.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nano-composite coated cemented carbide cutting tool with self-lubricating properties, comprising a cutting tool mounting part (1), a cutting tool holder fixing part (2), and a cutting tool (3), characterized in that: The tool holder fixing part (2) is located on one side of the blade mounting part (1), and the upper end of the tool holder fixing part (2) is provided with a strip groove (4) for tool holder screw to be fixed. The blade (3) is fixedly installed on the blade mounting part (2) by fixing screw (7). The upper end of the blade mounting part (1) is provided with a threaded hole (5). The blade (3) is provided with a countersunk hole (6) corresponding to the threaded hole (5). One end of the fixing screw (7) passes through the countersunk hole (6) and is threaded into the inside of the threaded hole (5). The upper end of the blade mounting part (1) is integrally formed with a limiting block (8) for preventing the blade (3) from rotating. The lower end of the tool holder fixing part (2) is provided with a pad assembly (9). The padding knife assembly (9) includes a padding knife block (10) and a plug-in block (11). One end of the plug-in block (11) is fixedly welded with a connecting block (12), and the lower end of the connecting block (12) is fixedly welded to the upper side of the padding knife block (10). The lower end of the knife bar fixing part (2) is provided with a slot (13). The plug-in block (11) is inserted and fixed inside the slot (13). The lower surface of the padding knife block (10) is set as an inclined surface. The cutting tool (3) includes a tool substrate (14) and a nanocomposite coating (15) deposited on the tool substrate (14). The nanocomposite coating (15) includes an AlTiN-Ni nanoparticle composite coating (16) and an AlTiN-Ni nanomultilayer composite coating (17). In the AlTiN-Ni nanoparticle composite coating (16), Ni elements are uniformly distributed in AlTiN. The AlTiN-Ni nanomultilayer composite coating (17) is a composite coating with AlTiN layer and Ni layer as one cycle, and distributed in a cycle of AlTiN layer, Ni layer, AlTiN layer, Ni layer. The nanocomposite coating (15) also includes a Zr transition layer (18), an AlCrSiCuN nanocoating (19), and a WS2 soft coating (20). The Zr transition layer (18) uses a high-purity Zr target, and a mixture of N2 and Ar gas is introduced. The total gas flow rate is 80-100 sccm, the deposition gas pressure is 0.8-1.2 Pa, the sputtering power is 200-300 W, and the deposition thickness is 50-60 nm. The atomic percentage content of the AlCrSiCuN nanocoating (19) is as follows: Al: 18-29 at.%; Cr: 19-30 at.%; Si: 6-9 at.%; Cu: 0-16 at.%; N: 46-55 at.%, and the total atomic percentage of the AlCrSiCuN nanocoating (19) is 100 at.%. The WS2 soft coating (20) is deposited on the Zr transition layer (18). During deposition, Ar gas is introduced, the deposition pressure is 1.0-1.2 Pa, the high-purity WS2 target of the radio frequency target is turned on, and radio frequency magnetron sputtering technology is used. The radio frequency power supply frequency is 13.56 MHz, the substrate bias voltage is -100--200 V, the sputtering power is 50-150 W, and the deposition thickness is 0.5-0.7 μm.

2. The self-lubricating nanocomposite coated cemented carbide cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the pad block (10) is provided with a T-shaped groove (21), and the size of the T-shaped groove (21) is the same as the size of the slot (13).

3. The self-lubricating nanocomposite coated cemented carbide cutting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: Rubber pads (22) are fixedly bonded to the inner walls of both the slot (13) and the T-shaped groove (21). The rubber pads (22) are configured to have a rounded chamfer at one end.

4. The self-lubricating nanocomposite coated cemented carbide cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AlTiN-Ni nanoparticle composite coating (16) is constructed according to the general formula (AlaTibNc)Niz and satisfies a+b+c+z=1, where a ranges from 0.22 to 0.38, b ranges from 0.13 to 0.27, and z ranges from 0.01 to 0.09.

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