A new type of air-cooled dry slag discharge system and slag discharge method

Abstract

The application discloses a novel air-cooled dry-type slag discharging system and a slag discharging method, which comprise, from top to bottom, a boiler, a slag well and a dry slag machine, further comprise a wind control system and a cooling ring pipe, one end of the wind control system is connected with the dry slag machine and the cooling ring pipe, and the other end is connected with the slag well; a plurality of sets of crushing devices and sealing shutoff doors are arranged in the space between the slag well and the dry slag machine, a partition cavity is formed between the crushing devices and the sealing shutoff doors, the air inlet channel between the dry slag machine and the boiler is blocked, and the air volume is adjusted only through the wind control system. The sealing shutoff door device is arranged between the furnace bottom slag discharging device and the dry slag machine equipment, a new intermediate partition cavity can be formed between the sealing shutoff door device and the extrusion head after the sealing shutoff door device is closed, small slag blocks after pre-crushing are stored in the new intermediate partition cavity, the sealing shutoff door blocks the air inlet channel between the dry slag machine and the furnace, the air inlet volume of the furnace is adjusted only through the wind control system, the air inlet volume is accurately adjusted, and the combustion efficiency of the boiler is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a slag removal system and a slag removal method, and more particularly to a novel air-cooled dry slag removal system and a slag removal method. Background Technology

[0002] The existing air-cooled dry ash removal system primarily relies on the negative pressure in the furnace to draw in ambient air through the air inlet at the head of the dry ash remover, using it as the cooling medium. After heat exchange between the ambient air and the boiler bottom ash inside the dry ash remover, the air returns to the furnace through the bottom ash removal device. This process cools the boiler bottom ash while simultaneously recovering heat, thus improving boiler efficiency. However, with prolonged operation, aging of the dry ash remover housing, inspection doors, observation windows, and dampers leads to inadequate sealing, hindering effective control of the cooling air intake and consequently impacting boiler efficiency. Furthermore, the continuous operation of the dry ash remover results in high energy consumption.

[0003] In recent years, air-cooled dry ash conveyors have become the preferred solution for current ash conveying systems. Commonly used dry ash conveyors include steel belt conveyors, crawler conveyors, chain conveyors, and bucket conveyors. The basic components of an existing dry ash system are: mechanical seal, ash well, bottom ash discharge device, dry ash conveyor, crusher, subsequent centralized processing system, ash bin, and auxiliary equipment. The operation is as follows: Boiler bottom ash falls from the furnace through the ash hopper. Ash lumps smaller than 200mm fall directly onto the dry ash conveyor belt via the bottom ash discharge device. Coke lumps larger than 200mm first fall onto the grid, and their surface cooling status is observed by a camera system. The operating procedure controls the extrusion head to crush them before they enter the dry ash discharge device for further cooling. Then, the dry ash conveyor transports them to the crusher for final crushing. After reaching the required particle size of 25x25mm, they are directly or via the subsequent centralized processing system to the ash bin for storage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel air-cooled dry ash removal system and method, which can block the air intake channel between the dry ash machine and the boiler, and adjust the air volume only through the air control system, so as to accurately and effectively regulate the air intake of the furnace and improve the boiler combustion efficiency.

[0005] Technical solution: The present invention includes a boiler, a slag well, and a dry slag machine arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and also includes an air control system and a cooling ring pipe. One end of the air control system is connected to the dry slag machine and the cooling ring pipe, and the other end is connected to the slag well. Several sets of crushing devices and sealing shut-off doors are provided in the space between the slag well and the dry slag machine. A partition is formed between the crushing devices and the sealing shut-off doors to block the air intake channel between the dry slag machine and the boiler, and the air volume is adjusted only through the air control system.

[0006] The crushing device includes a first camera, a crushing extrusion head, an extrusion drive device, and a grid. The bottom of the crushing extrusion head is provided with a grid, and both sides of the crushing extrusion head are connected to the extrusion drive device.

[0007] The sealed shut-off door includes a second camera, a middle partition, a drive device, and a shut-off door. The shut-off door is equipped with a drive device on both sides. By setting the sealed shut-off door, the air intake channel between the dry slag machine and the boiler furnace can be effectively isolated.

[0008] An intermediate compartment is formed between the shut-off gate and the crushing extrusion head. A level gauge is installed inside the intermediate compartment, and automatic slag discharge is achieved through the level gauge and the second camera.

[0009] It also includes a negative pressure system, one end of which is connected to the dry slag machine and the cooling ring pipe, and the other end is connected to the atmosphere, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the dry slag machine and the cooling ring pipe, thereby cooling the slag temperature inside the dry slag machine and the slag temperature inside the intermediate compartment.

[0010] One end of the cooling ring pipe is connected to the air inlet of the dry slag machine. After being wound around the outside of the middle compartment, the other end is connected to the air control system and the negative pressure system respectively. The negative pressure is used to cool the slag temperature inside the middle compartment.

[0011] The various sets of crushing devices and sealing shut-off doors are arranged at intervals along the length of the equipment.

[0012] The dry slag machine is connected to the slag crusher, and the slag crusher is equipped with a slag bin at the bottom.

[0013] The dry slag machine is equipped with a leveling device located above the conveyor belt. This device can passively or actively level the slag that falls onto the conveyor belt of the dry slag machine after passing through the sealed shut-off door, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area.

[0014] A novel air-cooled dry slag removal system includes the following steps:

[0015] Boiler bottom ash falls into the ash well through the boiler's ash discharge port. Small ash pieces fall onto the shut-off valve through the grid, while large ash pieces fall onto the grid.

[0016] Step 2: Observe through the first camera, pre-crush the large slag pieces that fall on the grid and let them fall onto the shut-off door, where they are stored in the middle compartment.

[0017] Step 3: When the amount of slag stored in the middle compartment reaches the set position, observe through the second camera and combine with the signal given by the level gauge to open the sealing shut-off door to unload the slag.

[0018] Step 4: After the slag falls into the dry slag machine, the leveling device flattens the slag and then transports it to the crusher.

[0019] Beneficial effects: This invention can block the air intake channel between the slag dryer and the boiler, and adjust the air volume only through the air control system, accurately and effectively regulating the air intake of the furnace and improving the boiler combustion efficiency; it can temporarily store the pre-crushed slag, and manually or automatically discharge the slag according to the material level gauge signal and the camera system, so that the slag dryer does not need to run continuously, reducing energy consumption and increasing the service life of the equipment; it can flatten the slag released onto the conveyor belt through the sealed shut-off door, increasing the heat dissipation area; and it can effectively control the air volume according to actual needs, improving the boiler combustion efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the shut-off door of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a louvered shut-off door, (b) is a double-leaf shut-off door, and (c) is a crank shut-off door;

[0022] Figure 3 The cross-sectional shape of the slag-laden material conveyed by this invention (not flattened);

[0023] Figure 4 The cross-sectional shape of the slag-bearing material conveyed by this invention (after flattening). Detailed Implementation

[0024] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The novel air-cooled dry ash removal system of the present invention includes a boiler, an ash well 3, a dry ash machine 6, an air control system 9, a negative pressure system 10, and a cooling ring pipe 11. The boiler, ash well 3, and dry ash machine 6 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. After pulverized coal is burned in the boiler furnace, it forms boiler bottom ash. The boiler bottom ash falls into the ash well 3 through ash discharge ports 1 on both sides of the boiler. A mechanical seal 2 is provided between the ash discharge ports 1 and the ash well 3. Several sets of crushing devices 4 and sealing shut-off doors 5 are arranged in the space between the ash well 3 and the dry ash machine 6. The crushing devices 4 and sealing shut-off doors 5 are arranged at intervals along the length of the equipment. The crushing devices 4 are located below the ash well 3 and above the sealing shut-off doors 5, and the sealing shut-off doors 5 are located above the dry ash machine 6. The dry ash machine 6 is connected to a ash crusher 12, and a ash bin 13 is provided at the bottom of the ash crusher 12.

[0026] The crushing device 4 includes a first camera 401, a crushing extrusion head 402, an extrusion drive device 403, and a grid 404. The bottom of the crushing extrusion head 402 is provided with a grid 404, which is used to support the crushing extrusion head 402. Both sides of the crushing extrusion head 402 are connected to the extrusion drive device 403. The extrusion drive device 403 includes all driving methods (pneumatic, electric, hydraulic, etc.). In this embodiment, it is preferably hydraulically driven.

[0027] Sealed shut-off doors 5 include all types of shut-off doors that can meet actual sealing and load-bearing requirements, including Figure 2 (a) The louvered shut-off door shown Figure 2 (b) The double-leaf shut-off door shown and Figure 2 (c) shows a rocker shut-off door, etc. When using a louvered shut-off door, multiple opening and closing doors are arranged in the entire sealed shut-off door 5 area. The opening and closing doors are achieved by rotating around a fixed axis through a drive device. When closed, the opening and closing doors rotate to a horizontal position. At this time, multiple opening and closing doors can work together to seal the slag discharge port. When open, the opening and closing doors can form a maximum angle of 60° with the horizontal direction. Multiple opening and closing doors divide the slag discharge channel into several small channels for slag discharge.

[0028] When using the double-leaf shut-off gate, the entire slag discharge area is controlled to open and close through two horizontally opening doors. A support grid is installed below the double-leaf gate. There are drive devices on both sides of the double-leaf gate, which can act on the double-leaf gate to realize its opening and closing action.

[0029] When using a crank-type shut-off door, a pivot is provided on one side of the door, and the doors on both sides are arranged symmetrically. Through a drive device, the shut-off door can be rotated around the pivot to open and close the shut-off door.

[0030] The sealed shut-off door 5 includes a second camera 501, an intermediate cavity 502, a drive device 503, and a shut-off door 505. The shut-off door 505 and the crushing and extrusion head 402 form an intermediate cavity 502, which allows the dry slag machine 6 to operate intermittently, thereby reducing energy consumption and increasing service life. Drive devices 503 are provided on both sides of the shut-off door 505. A level gauge 506 is installed inside the intermediate cavity 502. The second camera 501 is used to observe the condition of the intermediate cavity 502. Automatic slag unloading is achieved through the level gauge 506 and the second camera 501. The drive device 503 includes all drive methods, such as pneumatic, electric, and hydraulic; in this embodiment, hydraulic drive is preferred. By setting the sealed shut-off door 5, the air intake channel between the dry slag machine 6 and the boiler furnace can be effectively isolated.

[0031] One end of the cooling ring pipe 11 is connected to the ambient air inlet at the head of the dry slag machine 6. After being wound around the outside of the intermediate compartment 502, the other end is connected to the air control system 9 and the negative pressure system 10 respectively. The purpose of cooling the slag temperature inside the intermediate compartment 502 is achieved through negative pressure.

[0032] One end of the air control system 9 is connected to the tail section of the dry slag machine 6 and the cooling ring pipe 11, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the slag well 3. The dry slag machine 6 and the cooling ring pipe 11 are connected to the slag well 3 through the air control pipe. Through the negative pressure in the furnace, the slag temperature inside the dry slag machine 6 and the slag temperature inside the intermediate partition 502 are cooled, realizing heat recovery and improving boiler efficiency. By setting a sealed shut-off door 5, the air intake channel between the dry slag machine 6 and the boiler can be blocked. Only the air volume is adjusted by the air control system 9, which can accurately and effectively regulate the air intake in the furnace and improve the boiler combustion efficiency. At the same time, the pre-crushed slag can be temporarily stored. The slag can be manually or automatically discharged according to the material level gauge signal and the camera system. The dry slag machine 6 does not need to run continuously, reducing energy consumption and increasing the service life of the equipment.

[0033] One end of the negative pressure system 10 is connected to the tail section of the dry slag machine 6 and the cooling ring pipe 11, and the other end is connected to the atmosphere, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the dry slag machine 6 and the cooling ring pipe 11, thereby cooling the slag temperature inside the dry slag machine 6 and the slag temperature inside the intermediate partition 502. The air control system 9 and the negative pressure system 10 can be used separately or in combination.

[0034] The crushing extrusion head 402 of the crushing device 4, the sealing shut-off gate 5, and the tensioning device of the dry slag machine 6 are all powered by the hydraulic pump station 7.

[0035] The term "dry slag machine 6" encompasses all auxiliary equipment used in boiler slag conveying systems, including mesh belt conveyors, chain belt conveyors, bucket conveyors, and crawler conveyors. Both integrated and split-type dry slag machines fall within this category. A leveling device 8 is installed above the conveyor belt inside the dry slag machine 6. This leveling device is preferably a rake-type or plate-type flat plate, with guide rails at both ends. The flat plate can move back and forth along the direction of the conveyor belt inside the dry slag machine 6, generating horizontal thrust. This device can passively or actively level the slag that falls onto the conveyor belt of the dry slag machine 6 after passing through the shut-off gate 505. During active leveling, the flat plate moves along the conveyor belt, generating horizontal thrust and spreading the slag upon contact. During passive leveling, the conveyor belt's movement creates contact with the flat plate, generating horizontal thrust, forcing the dry slag to flatten under the pressure of the flat plate, effectively increasing the heat dissipation area.

[0036] The slag removal method of the novel air-cooled dry slag removal system of the present invention includes:

[0037] Step 1: After the pulverized coal is burned in the boiler furnace, it forms boiler bottom ash. The boiler bottom ash falls into the ash well 3 through the ash discharge port 1 on both sides of the boiler. Small ash blocks fall onto the shut-off valve 505 through the grid 404, and large coking ash blocks fall onto the grid 404.

[0038] Step 2: Observe through the first camera 401, pre-crush the large coking slag blocks that fall on the grid 404 and let them fall onto the shut-off door 505 and be stored in the intermediate compartment 502.

[0039] Step 3: When the amount of slag stored in the middle compartment 502 reaches more than 75% of the total volume of the compartment, the second camera 501 observes and, combined with the signal given by the level gauge 506, the sealing shut-off door can be opened automatically or manually to unload the slag.

[0040] Step 4: After the slag falls onto the conveyor belt of the dry slag machine 6, the leveling device 8 can actively or passively level it. Figure 3 The dry slag cross-section shown is evenly spread out to... Figure 4 The cross-sectional shape shown increases the heat dissipation area. The dry slag machine 6 conveys the dry slag to the crusher 12 for final crushing. When the required particle size of 25x25mm is reached, it is directly or through a subsequent centralized processing system to the slag bin 13 for storage and backup.

[0041] In this invention, any type of sealing shut-off door 5 (including but not limited to double-leaf shut-off doors, rocker shut-off doors, louvered shut-off doors, etc.) using any type of driving device (driving method includes pneumatic, electric, hydraulic, etc.), as long as it achieves the function of temporary slag storage above the slag dryer and blocks the air intake channel between the slag dryer and the furnace, is within the scope of protection of this invention; any type of leveling device 8, using active or passive methods to achieve the function of leveling the dry slag on the conveyor belt, is within the scope of this invention; any air control system, with one end directly or indirectly connected to the slag dryer (not limited to the tail section of the slag dryer), and the other end connected to the slag well or boiler furnace negative pressure pipeline, and capable of automatically adjusting the flow rate, is within the scope of protection of this invention; any method of connecting to the slag dryer through a negative pressure system to create negative pressure inside it to cool the slag temperature is within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0042] This invention adds a sealing shut-off door between the bottom slag discharge device and the dry slag machine. When this device is shut off, a new intermediate compartment is formed above it and between it and the extrusion head, which can store small slag pieces that have been pre-crushed. The sealing shut-off door blocks the air intake channel between the dry slag machine and the furnace, allowing the furnace to be regulated only by the air control system, precisely adjusting the air intake and improving boiler combustion efficiency. The intermediate compartment can automatically discharge slag at regular intervals and in measured quantities, reducing the energy consumption of the dry slag machine.

[0043] A new air control system is added to the tail section of the dry slag machine. One end connects to the tail section of the dry slag machine and the cooling ring pipe, and the other end connects to the slag well. A controllable regulating valve is installed in the middle to effectively cool the slag temperature while regulating the air intake. The air control system can be used independently or in coordination with the negative pressure system to improve boiler combustion efficiency.

[0044] A negative pressure system is added to the tail section of the slag dryer, with its inlet connected to the tail section of the dryer and the cooling ring pipe. This system creates negative pressure inside the dryer and the ring pipe to cool the slag. The negative pressure system can be used independently or in conjunction with the air control system.

[0045] A leveling device is installed above the conveyor belt of the dry slag machine, which can passively or actively level the slag that falls onto the conveyor belt of the dry slag machine after passing through the sealed shut-off door, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area.

Claims

1. A novel air-cooled dry ash removal system, comprising a boiler, an ash well, and a dry ash machine arranged sequentially from top to bottom, characterized in that, It also includes an air control system and a cooling ring pipe. One end of the air control system is connected to the dry slag machine and the cooling ring pipe, and the other end is connected to the slag well. Several sets of crushing devices and sealing shut-off doors are provided in the space between the slag well and the dry slag machine. The crushing devices and the sealing shut-off doors form a partition, which blocks the air intake channel between the dry slag machine and the boiler. The air volume is adjusted only through the air control system. The crushing device includes a first camera, a crushing extrusion head, an extrusion drive device, and a grid. The bottom of the crushing extrusion head is provided with a grid. The sealing shut-off door includes a second camera, an intermediate compartment, a drive device, and a shut-off door. An intermediate compartment is formed between the shut-off door and the crushing extrusion head. A level gauge is installed inside the intermediate compartment. It also includes a negative pressure system, one end of which is connected to the dry slag machine and the cooling ring pipe, and the other end is connected to the atmosphere. One end of the cooling ring pipe is connected to the air inlet of the dry slag machine. After being wound around the outside of the middle partition, the other end is connected to the air control system and the negative pressure system respectively.

2. The novel air-cooled dry slag removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the shut-off door are equipped with drive devices.

3. The novel air-cooled dry slag discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a negative pressure system.

4. The novel air-cooled dry slag removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The various sets of crushing devices and sealing shut-off doors are arranged at intervals along the length of the equipment.

5. A novel air-cooled dry slag removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dry slag machine is connected to the slag crusher, and the slag crusher is equipped with a slag bin at the bottom.

6. A novel air-cooled dry slag removal system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dry slag machine is equipped with a leveling device inside.

7. A slag removal method using the novel air-cooled dry slag removal system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The slag falls into the slag well through the boiler's slag discharge port. Small slag pieces fall onto the sealed shut-off door through the grid of the crushing device, while large slag pieces fall onto the grid of the crushing device. Observing through the first camera of the crushing device, large slag blocks that fall onto the grid are pre-crushed and then fall onto the sealed shut-off gate, where they are stored in the middle compartment of the sealed shut-off gate. When the amount of slag stored in the intermediate compartment reaches the set position, the second camera of the sealing shut-off door observes the situation and, combined with the signal given by the level gauge in the intermediate compartment, opens the sealing shut-off door to unload the slag. After the slag falls into the dry slag machine, the leveling device inside the dry slag machine flattens the slag and then transports it to the crusher.

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