Battery charger

Abstract

The application provides a battery charger, comprising: a TYPE-C interface, a charging and discharging circuit, and a switch assembly; the charging and discharging circuit is connected with the TYPE-C interface and the switch assembly respectively, and is used for transmitting a power signal input through the TYPE-C interface to a charging battery through the switch assembly when charging, and transmitting an output voltage signal of a corresponding number of charging batteries to the TYPE-C interface through the switch assembly according to charging demand when discharging; the switch assembly is connected with the positive and negative poles of the charging battery respectively, and is used for conducting the electrical connection between the positive and negative poles of two adjacent charging batteries in N charging batteries when discharging, so as to realize the series connection of the N charging batteries, or conducting the electrical connection between the positive poles of the N charging batteries and the electrical connection between the negative poles of the N charging batteries when charging, so as to realize the parallel connection of the N charging batteries. The charger can charge user equipment as a power bank, and meets various needs of users.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of charging equipment, and more particularly to a battery charger. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current battery charger can only charge the battery, and the function is relatively single.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for a battery charger to at least partially solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application is proposed in view of the above problems. The present application provides a battery charger which can be used as a power bank, thereby increasing the function of the battery charger and meeting the various needs of users.

[0005] According to an aspect of the present application, a battery charger is provided, which comprises a TYPE-C interface for connecting a charging power supply or a power consuming device, a charge-discharge circuit, and a switch assembly for user operation.

[0006] The charge-discharge circuit is connected with the TYPE-C interface and the switch assembly respectively, and is used for transmitting the power supply signal input through the TYPE-C interface to the charging battery through the switch assembly during charging, and transmitting the output voltage signal of the charging battery to the TYPE-C interface through the switch assembly according to the charging demand of the user device during discharging.

[0007] The switch assembly is connected with the positive and negative poles of the charging battery respectively, and is used for conducting the electrical connection between the positive and negative poles of the adjacent two charging batteries among N charging batteries during discharging, so as to realize the series connection of the N charging batteries, or conducting the electrical connection between the positive poles of the N charging batteries and the electrical connection between the negative poles of the N charging batteries during charging, so as to realize the parallel connection of the N charging batteries, wherein N is a positive integer.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present application, the charge-discharge circuit comprises a control chip, and a first switch circuit and one or more second switch circuits connected with the control chip respectively, each of the second switch circuits being connected between the positive pole of the corresponding charging battery and the first switch circuit.

[0009] The control chip is used for outputting a first control signal and a second control signal to the first switch circuit and the corresponding second switch circuit respectively according to the charging power supply or the power consuming device.

[0010] The first switch circuit is used for controlling the circuit connection state between the charging power supply and the charging battery based on the first control signal.

[0011] The second switch circuit is configured to adjust an output voltage of the series-connected charging battery based on the second control signal.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, the second switch circuit comprises a first switch element and a second switch element, the first switch element comprises a first switch element switch terminal, a first switch element first terminal and a first switch element second terminal, the second switch element comprises a second switch element switch terminal, a second switch element first terminal and a second switch element second terminal,

[0013] The first switch element switch terminal is connected to the control chip, the first switch element first terminal is connected to the second switch element switch terminal, the second switch element first terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the charging battery, and the second switch element second terminal is connected to the first switch circuit.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, a diode is further connected between each second switch circuit and the first switch circuit.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, the first switch circuit comprises:

[0016] The first switch circuit comprises a switch circuit first terminal, a switch circuit second terminal and a switch circuit control terminal, the switch circuit control terminal is configured to control the on-off of the circuit between the switch circuit first terminal and the switch circuit second terminal, the switch circuit first terminal and the switch circuit second terminal are connected in series between the TYPE-C interface and the Nth charging battery, and the switch circuit control terminal is connected to the control chip.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present application, the battery charger comprises:

[0018] A battery compartment for accommodating N charging batteries, the battery compartment comprises N charging positions corresponding to the N charging batteries respectively, each charging position is configured to removably place one charging battery, and each charging position is provided with a battery positive electrode connection terminal and a battery negative electrode connection terminal on both sides.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, the switch assembly is connected to at least part of the N battery positive electrode connection terminals and the N battery negative electrode connection terminals, and the switch assembly comprises a first state and a second state; wherein,

[0020] When the switch assembly is in the first state, the N battery positive electrode connection terminals are connected in parallel, and the N battery negative electrode connection terminals are connected in parallel.

[0021] When the switch assembly is in the second state, the negative terminal of the previous section of rechargeable battery is connected to the positive terminal of the next section of rechargeable battery.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present application, the first battery negative terminal is connected to ground,

[0023] The Nth battery positive terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply,

[0024] The switch assembly comprises 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches, the first battery positive terminal, the Nth battery negative terminal, and the second to the N-1th battery positive terminal and the battery negative terminal are all connected to one of the 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches, wherein,

[0025] When M is an odd number, the fixed terminal of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the (M+1) / 2th battery positive terminal, the first free terminal of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the second free terminal of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the second free terminal of the M+1th single-pole double-throw switch;

[0026] When M is an even number, the fixed terminal of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the (M+2) / 2th battery negative terminal, the first free terminal of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to ground, and the second free terminal of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the second free terminal of the M-1th single-pole double-throw switch,

[0027] Wherein, all 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches are configured to synchronously switch the connection state of the fixed terminal and the free terminal, in the first state, the fixed terminals and the first free terminals of all 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches are connected, and in the second state, the fixed terminals and the second free terminals of all 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches are connected.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present application, the battery charger further comprises a charge and discharge state display circuit, the charge and discharge state display circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing module, a first indicator light and a second indicator light, the voltage stabilizing module comprises a voltage stabilizing module input end and a voltage stabilizing module output end, the voltage stabilizing module output end is connected to the first indicator light and the second indicator light respectively, and the voltage stabilizing module input end is connected to the TYPE-C interface and the positive terminal of at least one section of rechargeable battery.

[0029] The charge and discharge state display circuit is used for, under the driving of the charge and discharge circuit, lighting the first indicator light when the switch assembly is in the first state, and lighting the second indicator light when the switch assembly is in the second state.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present application, the battery charger further comprises a current limiting circuit connected to the charging battery and the charge-discharge circuit, respectively, for interrupting the connection between the charging battery and the charge-discharge circuit when the charging current is greater than a preset current.

[0031] The battery charger according to the embodiments of the present application can be used as a power bank, and can output corresponding voltage according to the requirement of a user equipment, thereby increasing the function of the battery charger and meeting various requirements of the user. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

[0033] Figure 1 It is a left view of the battery charger according to the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a right view of the battery charger according to the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a first part of the internal circuit of the battery charger shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , wherein the switch assembly is in a first state;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of another connection mode of the A part of the circuit in Figure 3 , wherein the switch assembly is in a second state;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of another connection mode of the A part of the circuit in Figure 3 , wherein the switch assembly is in a second state;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the second part of the internal circuit of the battery charger shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the charge-discharge display circuit of the battery charger shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the charge-discharge display circuit of the battery charger shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2A schematic diagram of a filter circuit of the battery charger.

[0041] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] 10: upper cover

[0043] 20: battery compartment

[0044] 23A / 23B / 23C / 23D / 23E / 23F / 23G / 23H: battery positive connection terminal

[0045] 24A / 24B / 24C / 24D / 24E / 24F / 24G / 24H: battery negative connection terminal

[0046] 25 / 25A / 25B / 25C / 25D / 25E / 25F / 25G / 25H: charging battery

[0047] 30: charging battery

[0048] 31: charge and discharge circuit

[0049] 33: CC1 pin

[0050] 34: CC2 pin

[0051] 36: charging positive pin / VBUS pin

[0052] 37: PTC thermistor

[0053] 371: ground pin

[0054] 38: Type-C interface

[0055] 39: control chip

[0056] 391: power supply pin

[0057] 310: first switch circuit

[0058] 320: second switch circuit

[0059] 311: first field effect transistor

[0060] 312: second field effect transistor

[0061] 325: third field effect transistor

[0062] 326: fourth field effect transistor

[0063] 327: fifth field effect transistor

[0064] 328: sixth field effect transistor

[0065] 311D / 312D / 325D / 326D / 327D / 328D: drain

[0066] 311S / 312S / 325S / 326S / 327S / 328S: source

[0067] 311G / 312G / 325G / 326G / 327G / 328G: gate

[0068] 313: first triode

[0069] 321: second triode

[0070] 322: third triode

[0071] 323: fourth triode

[0072] 324: fifth triode

[0073] 313E / 321E / 322E / 323E / 324E: emitter

[0074] 313B / 321B / 322B / 323B / 324B: base

[0075] 313C / 321C / 322C / 323C / 324C: collector

[0076] 330: filter circuit

[0077] 331: first resistor

[0078] 332: second resistor

[0079] 333: filter capacitor

[0080] 40: bottom cover

[0081] 50: indicator light

[0082] 51: first indicator light

[0083] 52: second indicator light

[0084] 60: switch assembly

[0085] 61: key

[0086] 62 / 62A / 62B / 62C / 62D / 62E / 62F / 62G / 62H / 62I / 62J / 62K / 62L / 62M / 62N: single-pole double-throw switch

[0087] 63 / 66C / 67C: fixed terminal

[0088] 64 / 66A / 67A: first movable terminal

[0089] 65 / 66B / 67B: second free end

[0090] 66: first additional single-pole double-throw switch

[0091] 67: second additional single-pole double-throw switch

[0092] 70: charge and discharge display circuit

[0093] 71: first diode

[0094] 72: second diode

[0095] 731: third diode

[0096] 732: fourth diode

[0097] 733: fifth diode

[0098] 734: sixth diode

[0099] 73: voltage stabilizing module

[0100] 74: voltage stabilizing module input

[0101] 75: voltage stabilizing module output

[0102] 100: battery charger DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0103] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present application.

[0104] For a thorough understanding of the present application, reference is made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the specific details described herein. Rather, the specific details provided are for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, which is limited only by the claims.

[0105] The ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" cited in the present application are merely identifiers and have no other meaning, such as a specific order, etc. Moreover, for example, the term "first component" does not imply, by itself, the existence of a "second component", and the term "second component" does not imply, by itself, the existence of a "first component". The use of the words "first", "second", and "third", etc. does not indicate any order and these words can be interpreted as names.

[0106] It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and similar expressions used in the present application are for illustrative purposes only and are not limiting.

[0107] The present application provides a battery charger.

[0108] Now, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0109] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment, the battery charger 100 according to the present application comprises a top cover 10, a battery compartment 20, N (N is a positive integer) rechargeable batteries 30, a bottom cover 40, an indicator light 50, and a button 61.

[0110] The battery compartment 20 is used to accommodate the N rechargeable batteries 30. In the illustrated embodiment, N=8. Of course, N can also be other values, such as 4, 6, 10, etc. The battery compartment 20 comprises N charging positions corresponding to the N rechargeable batteries 30 respectively, each of which is used to removably place one rechargeable battery 30. When N=8, the 8 charging positions can be arranged in two layers, so that each layer can accommodate 4 rechargeable batteries 30. Each charging position comprises a battery positive terminal (not shown in the figure) for connecting the positive pole of the rechargeable battery 30 and a battery negative terminal (not shown in the figure) for connecting the negative pole of the rechargeable battery 30. It can be understood that the battery positive terminal also corresponds to the positive terminal of the rechargeable battery 30, and the battery negative terminal also corresponds to the negative terminal of the rechargeable battery 30.

[0111] Preferably, the charging position is configured to be compatible with different models of rechargeable batteries, such as compatible with No. 5 battery and No. 7 battery. Since different models of batteries have different sizes, such as different lengths, the battery negative terminal can comprise a plurality of negative sub-terminals connected at the same potential, which are respectively used to contact the negative poles of different models of rechargeable batteries, and different models of batteries share the battery positive terminal.

[0112] A circuit board (not shown in the figure) is located inside the battery compartment 20 and is supported by the battery compartment 20. The circuit board is provided with a charging and discharging circuit 31 (as shown in Figures 2 to 7As shown), this allows the charger 100 to perform the intended function. N battery positive terminals and N battery negative terminals are electrically connected to, or disposed on, the circuit board, thus making the N battery positive terminals and N battery negative terminals part of the charging / discharging circuit 31.

[0113] The bottom cover 40 is attached to the bottom of the battery compartment 20, forming part of the housing of the battery charger 100. The top cover 10 and the bottom cover 40 are used to fasten the battery compartment 20. Preferably, the top cover 10 and the bottom cover 40 are detachably connected to the battery compartment 20, or the top cover 10 and the bottom cover 40 are pivotally connected to the battery compartment 20, so that the top cover 10 and the bottom cover 40 can open or close the battery compartment 20.

[0114] The indicator light 50 includes a first indicator light 51 and a second indicator light 52, which are used to indicate the charging and discharging status of the battery, respectively.

[0115] Button 61 is connected to switch assembly 60 (e.g. Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the switch button 61 can be touched by the user, so that the user can control the state of the switch assembly 60 by operating the button 61.

[0116] like Figure 3 As shown, the battery charger includes: a TYPE-C interface 38 for connecting to a charging power source or electrical device, a charging / discharging circuit 31, and a switch assembly 60 for user operation.

[0117] The charging and discharging circuit 31 is connected to the TYPE-C interface 38 and the switching assembly 60 respectively. The charging and discharging circuit 31 is used to transmit the power signal input through the TYPE-C interface 38 to the rechargeable battery 30 through the switching assembly 60 during charging, and to transmit the output voltage signal of the corresponding number of rechargeable batteries 30 to the TYPE-C interface 38 through the switching assembly 60 according to the charging needs of the user equipment during discharging.

[0118] The switch assembly 60 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the rechargeable battery 30 respectively. The switch assembly 60 is used to conduct the electrical connection between the positive and negative terminals of two adjacent rechargeable batteries in N-1 rechargeable batteries 30 during discharge, so as to realize the N rechargeable batteries 30 in series connection. Alternatively, it can conduct the electrical connection between the positive terminals of N rechargeable batteries 30 and the electrical connection between the negative terminals of N rechargeable batteries 30 during charging, so as to realize the N rechargeable batteries 30 in parallel connection, where N is a positive integer.

[0119] The Type-C interface 38 is used to connect to an external power supply device and includes a charging positive pin (VBUS pin 36), a ground pin 371, a CC1 pin 33, and a CC2 pin 34. The VBUS pin 36 of the Type-C interface 38 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the external power supply, introducing charging current into the charger 100. The ground pin 371 is used for grounding.

[0120] Specifically, the battery negative terminal 24A of the first charging position of the battery charger 100 is used for grounding (in this application, grounding is also connected to the ground pin 371), and the battery positive terminal (e.g., 23H) of the Nth charging position is used to connect to the charging positive pin 36 during charging, that is, to the VBUS pin 36 of the Type-C interface 38.

[0121] The battery charger 100 has a first state in which N positive battery terminals are connected in parallel and N negative battery terminals are connected in parallel, so that when the charging interface 38 is connected to an external power supply device, the battery charger 100 can charge N rechargeable batteries 25.

[0122] The battery charger 100 also has a second state, in which the positive terminal of the battery in the previous charging position is connected to the negative terminal of the battery in the next charging position. Thus, when N rechargeable batteries 25 are placed in the battery compartment, in the second state, the 1-N-1 rechargeable batteries 25 are connected in series, allowing the battery charger 100 to charge other electrical devices, providing a charging voltage of 1.5 volts (e.g., 1.5V per battery 25). In other words, in the second state, the charger 100 becomes a power bank 100. In the discharging state, the VBUS pin 36 of the Type-C interface 38 is used to connect to the positive terminal of an external device.

[0123] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the battery charger 100 also includes a switch assembly 60 for user operation. The switch assembly 60 is connected to at least a portion of the N battery positive connection terminals and the N battery negative connection terminals. The switch assembly 60 has a first state and a second state. When the switch assembly 60 is in the first state, the battery charger 100 is in the first state, with the N battery positive connection terminals connected in parallel and the N battery negative connection terminals connected in parallel, i.e., N batteries 25 connected in parallel. When the switch assembly 60 is in the second state, the battery charger 100 is in the second state, with the positive connection terminal of the previous charging position connected to the negative connection terminal of the next charging position, i.e., the N batteries 25 connected in series.

[0124] Preferably, such as Figure 1As shown, the battery compartment 20 is provided with one or more keys 61 for common user operation, the keys 61 are connected to the switch assembly 60 for controlling the state of the switch assembly 60. The keys 61 are, for example, self-locking keys, having a first locking state and a second locking state. When all the keys 61 are in the first locking state, the switch assembly 60 is in the first state; when all the keys 61 are in the second locking state, the switch assembly 60 is in the second state. For example, the user presses the keys 61, and each time the keys 61 are pressed, the keys 61 are switched between the first locking state and the second locking state, and the switch assembly 60 is switched between the first state and the second state. Thus, the user changes the working state of the charger 100 by pressing the keys 61, so that the charger 100 is switched between the charger function and the power bank function.

[0125] To achieve the above-mentioned parallel-serial conversion of N rechargeable batteries 30, specifically, as shown in Figures 3 to 5 The switch assembly 60 includes at least 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches 62. The single-pole double-throw switch 62 includes a fixed terminal 63, a first free terminal 64 and a second free terminal 65. The fixed terminal 63 is either in conduction with the first free terminal 64 or in conduction with the second free terminal 65, so that the single-pole double-throw switch 62 has two conduction states. Each key 61 is used to control one or more single-pole double-throw switches 62.

[0126] For example, in the illustrated embodiment, N=8, the switch assembly 60 includes 14 single-pole double-throw switches 62, 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D, 62E, 62F, 62G, 62H, 62I, 62J, 62K, 62L, 62M, 62N. The fixed terminal 63 of the single-pole double-throw switch 62 is the lower connection point in the figure, the first free terminal 64 is the upper left connection point, and the second free terminal 65 is the upper right connection point. In the figure, only the fixed terminal and the two free terminals of the single-pole double-throw switch 62N are identified, and the structures of the single-pole double-throw switches 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D, 62E, 62F, 62G, 62H, 62I, 62J, 62K, 62L, 62M are the same as that of 62F.

[0127] As shown in Figures 3 to 5As shown, in order to enable the control chip 39 to correctly determine the working state (first state or second state) of the battery charger 100 and establish normal communication with external devices, the switch assembly 60 further comprises a first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 and a second additional single-pole double-throw switch 67. The first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 and the second additional single-pole double-throw switch 67 are configured to synchronously switch the connection state of the fixed terminal and the free terminal with the first single-pole double-throw switch 62 and the 2N-2th single-pole double-throw switch 62, respectively. That is, when the fixed terminal 63 of the single-pole double-throw switch 62A is connected with the first free terminal 64, the fixed terminal 66C of the first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 is connected with the first free terminal 66A thereof; when the fixed terminal 63 of the single-pole double-throw switch 62N is connected with the first free terminal 64, the fixed terminal 67C of the second additional single-pole double-throw switch 67 is connected with the first free terminal 67A thereof. When the fixed terminal 63 of the single-pole double-throw switch 62A is connected with the second free terminal 65, the fixed terminal 66C of the first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 is connected with the second free terminal 66B thereof; when the fixed terminal 63 of the single-pole double-throw switch 62N is connected with the second free terminal 65, the fixed terminal 67C of the second additional single-pole double-throw switch 67 is connected with the second free terminal 67B thereof.

[0128] The negative electrode connection terminal of the first charging position is connected with the ground, and the positive electrode connection terminal of the Nth charging position is connected with the second additional single-pole double-throw switch 67. The positive electrode connection terminal and the negative electrode connection terminal of each of the first charging position, the Nth charging position, and the second to the N-1th charging positions are connected with one of the 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches 62.

[0129] For example, the negative terminal 24A of the first battery 25A is connected to ground. The positive terminal 23H of the eighth battery 25H is connected to the second additional SPDT switch 67. The positive terminal 23A of the first battery 25A, the negative terminal 24H of the eighth battery 25H, the negative terminal 24B and the positive terminal 23B of the second battery 25B, the negative terminal 24C and the positive terminal 23C of the third battery 25C, the negative terminal 24D and the positive terminal 23D of the fourth battery 25D, the negative terminal 24E and the positive terminal 23E of the fifth battery 25E, the negative terminal 24F and the positive terminal 23F of the sixth battery 25F, the negative terminal 24G and the positive terminal 23G of the seventh battery 25G are connected to one of the 14 SPDT switches 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D, 62E, 62F, 62G, 62H, 62I, 62J, 62K, 62L, 62M, 62N in turn. Specifically, the positive terminal 23A of the first battery 25A is connected to the first SPDT switch 62A, the negative terminal 24B of the second battery 25B is connected to the second SPDT switch 62B, the positive terminal 23B of the second battery 25B is connected to the third SPDT switch 62C, the negative terminal 24C of the third battery 25C is connected to the fourth SPDT switch 62D, the positive terminal 23C of the third battery 25C is connected to the fifth SPDT switch 62E, the negative terminal 24D of the fourth battery 25D is connected to the sixth SPDT switch 62F, and so on, the negative terminal 24H of the eighth battery 25H is connected to the fourteenth SPDT switch 62N.

[0130] wherein, when M is odd, the fixed terminal 63 of the Mth SPDT switch 62 is connected to the (M+1) / 2th battery positive terminal, the first free terminal 64 of the Mth SPDT switch 62 is used to connect to the Nth battery positive terminal of the charging potential (i.e. used to connect the charging positive pin 36), and the second free terminal 65 of the Mth SPDT switch 62 is connected to the second free terminal 65 of the (M+1)th SPDT switch 62; when M is even, the fixed terminal 63 of the Mth SPDT switch 62 is connected to the (M+2) / 2th battery negative terminal, the first free terminal 64 of the Mth SPDT switch 62 is used to connect to ground, and the second free terminal 65 of the Mth SPDT switch 62 is connected to the first free terminal 64 of the (M-1)th SPDT switch 62.

[0131] For example, when M is 1, the fixed terminal of the first SPDT switch 62A is connected to the positive terminal 23A of the first battery 25A, the second free terminal of the first SPDT switch 62A is connected to the second free terminal of the second SPDT switch 62B, and the first free terminal of the first SPDT switch 62A is connected to the Nth battery positive terminal of the charging potential.

[0132] When M is 2, the fixed terminal of the second single-pole double-throw switch 62B is connected to the negative terminal 24B of the second battery 25B, the second free terminal of the second single-pole double-throw switch 62B is connected to the second free terminal of the first single-pole double-throw switch 62A, and the first free terminal of the second single-pole double-throw switch 62B is grounded.

[0133] When M is 3, the fixed terminal of the third single-pole double-throw switch 62C is connected to the positive terminal 23B of the second battery 25B, the second free terminal of the third single-pole double-throw switch 62C is connected to the second free terminal of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch 62D, and the first free terminal of the third single-pole double-throw switch 62C is connected to the positive terminal of the Nth charging position 21.

[0134] When M is 4, the fixed terminal of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch 62D is connected to the negative terminal 24C of the third battery 25C, the second free terminal of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch 62D is connected to the second free terminal of the third single-pole double-throw switch 62C, and the first free terminal of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch 62D is grounded.

[0135] When M is 5, the fixed terminal of the fifth single-pole double-throw switch 62E is connected to the positive terminal 23C of the third battery 25C, the second free terminal of the fifth single-pole double-throw switch 62E is connected to the second free terminal of the sixth single-pole double-throw switch 62F, and the first free terminal of the fifth single-pole double-throw switch 62E is connected to the positive terminal of the Nth battery.

[0136] By analogy, the connection mode when M is 6-13 will not be described here.

[0137] When M is 14, the fixed terminal of the fourteenth single-pole double-throw switch 62N is connected to the negative terminal 24H of the eighth battery 25H, the second free terminal of the fourteenth single-pole double-throw switch 62N is connected to the second free terminal of the thirteenth single-pole double-throw switch 62M, and the first free terminal of the fourteenth single-pole double-throw switch 62N is grounded.

[0138] Among them, T single-pole double-throw switches 62 are configured to synchronously switch the connection state of the fixed terminal 63 and the free terminal (the first free terminal 64 and the second free terminal 65), and 1

[0139] For example, all 14 single-pole double-throw switches 62 are configured to synchronously switch the connection state of the fixed terminal 63 and the free terminal (the first free terminal 64 and the second free terminal 65). For example, as shown in FIG. 6, when the first single-pole double-throw switch 62A is in the first state, the second single-pole double-throw switch 62B is in the second state, the third single-pole double-throw switch 62C is in the first state, the fourth single-pole double-throw switch 62D is in the second state, the fifth single-pole double-throw switch 62E is in the first state, the sixth single-pole double-throw switch 62F is in the second state, the seventh single-pole double-throw switch 62G is in the first state, the eighth single-pole double-throw switch 62H is in the second state, the ninth single-pole double-throw switch 62I is in the first state, the tenth single-pole double-throw switch 62J is in the second state, the eleventh single-pole double-throw switch 62K is in the first state, the twelfth single-pole double-throw switch 62L is in the second state, the thirteenth single-pole double-throw switch 62M is in the first state, and the fourteenth single-pole double-throw switch 62N is in the second state. Figure 3As shown, in the first state, the fixed terminals 63 of all 14 SPDT switches 62 are connected to the first free terminals 64 (the lower connection points of all SPDT switches 62 are connected to the upper left connection points), so that the eight batteries 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D, 25E, 25F, 25G, 25H are connected in parallel (the negative poles of all eight batteries are grounded, and the positive poles are connected to the charging positive pole pin 36); as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in the second state, the fixed terminals 63 of all 2N-2 SPDT switches 62 are connected to the second free terminals 65 (the lower connection points of all SPDT switches 62 are connected to the upper right connection points), so that the eight batteries are connected in series (the negative pole of the first battery 25A is grounded, and the positive pole of the eighth battery 25H is connected to the charging positive pole pin 36).

[0140] As shown, Figure 6 The battery charger 100 further comprises a control chip 39. The CC1 pin 33 and the CC2 pin 34 of the Type-C interface 38 are connected to the control chip 39 (see electrical connection points J and K in the figure), so that the control chip 39 can communicate with an externally connected device.

[0141] The control chip 39 is, for example, a single-chip microcomputer. The fixed terminal 66C of the first additional SPDT switch 66 is connected to the control chip 39 (for example, an I / O pin of the control chip 39, specifically, a voltage input pin, see electrical connection point C in the figure). One of the first free terminal 66A and the second free terminal 66B of the first additional SPDT switch 66 is connected to the battery negative pole connection terminal 24A of the first charging level (that is, the ground pin 371, that is, ground). The other of the first free terminal 66A and the second free terminal 66B of the first additional SPDT switch 66 is connected to the battery positive pole connection terminal of the Nth charging level. The fixed terminal 67C of the second additional SPDT switch 67 is connected to the battery positive pole connection terminal of the Nth charging level. The first free terminal 67A of the second additional SPDT switch 67 is connected to the charging positive pole pin / VBUS pin. Thus, in the first state and the second state, the first additional SPDT switch 66 delivers different voltage signals to the control chip 39, so that the control chip 39 can know the working state of the charger 100.

[0142] In the embodiment shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the first free terminal 66A of the first additional SPDT switch 66 is connected to the battery negative pole connection terminal 24A of the first charging level, and the second free terminal 66B of the first additional SPDT switch 66 is connected to the battery positive pole connection terminal of the Nth charging level. In the embodiment shown in Figure 5In the shown embodiment, the first free end 66A of the first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 is connected to the negative terminal 24A of the first charging level, and the second free end 66B of the first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 is connected to the positive terminal of the Nth charging level.

[0143] Preferably, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6 The battery charger further comprises a charging and discharging state display circuit 70, which comprises a voltage stabilizing module 73 and indicator lights 50 for indicating the working state of the charger 100. For example, the indicator lights 50 comprise a first indicator light 51 and a second indicator light 52. The voltage stabilizing module comprises a voltage stabilizing module input end 74 and a voltage stabilizing module output end 75, which are respectively connected to the TYPE-C interface and the positive terminal of at least one charging battery.

[0144] The charging and discharging state display circuit is configured to light up the first indicator light 51 when the switch assembly is in the first state and light up the second indicator light 52 when the switch assembly is in the second state under the driving of the charging and discharging circuit.

[0145] For example, the battery charger 100 is configured to light up the first indicator light 51 and turn off the second indicator light 52 when the switch assembly 60 is in the first state, so that the first indicator light 51 is used to indicate that the charger 100 is in the working state of charging the battery. For example, the charger 100 is configured to turn off the first indicator light 51 and light up the second indicator light 52 when the switch assembly 60 is in the second state, so that the second indicator light 52 is used to indicate that the charger 100 is in the working state of discharging the battery (power bank). Alternatively, the indicator lights 50 are set to light up in the form of flickering, for example, the first indicator light 51 flickers to indicate that the charger 100 is in the working state of charging the battery, and the second indicator light 52 flickers to indicate that the charger 100 is in the working state of discharging the battery. Alternatively, one of the first indicator light 51 and the second indicator light 52 is lit to indicate that the charger 100 is in the working state of charging the battery, and the first indicator light 51 and the second indicator light 52 are lit at the same time to indicate that the charger 100 is in the working state of discharging the battery. Preferably, the first indicator light 51 and the second indicator light 52 are different in color, which is more convenient for users to distinguish. The first indicator light 51 and the second indicator light 52 can also indicate the working state of the charger 100 through other lighting modes, which will not be described here.

[0146] As shown in Figure 7As shown, the first end of the first indicator light 51 is connected to the control chip 39 (see the electrical connection point H in the figure), and the second end of the first indicator light 51 is used to be connected to the charging positive pole pin 36 and the positive pole connection terminal of the battery of the Nth charging level (see the electrical connection points E and F in the figure). The first end of the second indicator light 52 is connected to the control chip 39 (see the electrical connection point I in the figure), and the second end of the second indicator light 52 is used to be connected to the charging positive pole pin 36 and the positive pole connection terminal of the battery of the Nth charging level (see the electrical connection points E and F in the figure).

[0147] Preferably, the first indicator light 51 is configured as a first light-emitting diode. The first end of the first indicator light 51 is the negative terminal of the first light-emitting diode, and the second end of the first indicator light 51 is the positive terminal of the first light-emitting diode. Preferably, the second indicator light 52 is configured as a second light-emitting diode. The first end of the second indicator light 52 is the negative terminal of the second light-emitting diode, and the second end of the second indicator light 52 is the positive terminal of the second light-emitting diode.

[0148] When the fixed end of all the single-pole double-throw switches 62 is connected to the first free end, the fixed end of the first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 and the fixed end of the second additional single-pole double-throw switch 67 are also in the state of being connected to the first free end; when the fixed end of all the single-pole double-throw switches 62 is connected to the second free end, the fixed end of the first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 and the fixed end of the second additional single-pole double-throw switch 67 are also in the state of being connected to the second free end. That is, the first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 and the second additional single-pole double-throw switch 67 follow the switch state of the switch assembly 60.

[0149] Therefore, when the switch assembly 60 is in the first state, the fixed end of the first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 and the fixed end of the second additional single-pole double-throw switch 67 are connected to the first free end, so that the control chip 39 determines that the switch assembly 60 is in the first state, and the charger 100 is in the charging (slave) state. At this time, the charging positive pole pin 36 supplies positive power to the first indicator light 51 and the second indicator light 52. The control chip 39 outputs corresponding voltages to the negative poles of the first indicator light 51 and the second indicator light 52 to indicate the working state of the charger 100. For example, a low voltage is output to the negative pole of the first indicator light 51 to make the first indicator light 51 light up, a high voltage is output to the negative pole of the second indicator light 52 to make the second indicator light 52 not light up, or a high voltage is output to the negative pole of the first indicator light 51 to make the first indicator light 51 not light up, and a low voltage is output to the negative pole of the second indicator light 52 to make the second indicator light 52 light up.

[0150] Similarly, when the switch assembly 60 is in the second state, the fixed terminal of the first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 and the second additional single-pole double-throw switch 67 is connected with the second free terminal, so that the control chip 39 determines that the switch assembly 60 is in the second state, and the charger 100 is in the discharging (host) state. At this time, the positive terminal of the last charging position of the battery connected in series supplies power to the first indicator signal lamp 51 and the second indicator signal lamp 52. The control chip 39 outputs corresponding voltage to the negative terminal of the first indicator signal lamp 51 and the second indicator signal lamp 52 to indicate the working state of the charger 100.

[0151] Specifically, as shown in Figure 7 the first end of the first indicator signal lamp 51 is connected to the control chip 39 (for example, an I / O pin of the control chip 39, see the electrical connection point H in the figure), and the second end of the first indicator signal lamp 51 is used to be connected to the charging positive pin 36 and the positive terminal of the Nth charging position of the battery. Thus, the control chip 39 controls the lighting of the first indicator signal lamp 51. The first end of the second indicator signal lamp 52 is connected to the control chip 39 (for example, an I / O pin of the control chip 39, see the electrical connection point I in the figure), and the second end of the second indicator signal lamp 52 is used to be connected to the charging positive pin 36 and the positive terminal of the Nth charging position of the battery. Thus, the control chip 39 controls the lighting of the second indicator signal lamp 52.

[0152] Therefore, the first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 delivers different voltage signals to the control chip 39, so that the control chip 39 can determine the working state of the charger 100, and then control the voltage of the negative terminal of the first indicator signal lamp 51 and the second indicator signal lamp 52 to indicate the working state of the charger 100. It can be understood that under such working principle, the voltage signal delivered by the first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 to the control chip 39 can have multiple forms, and the indication mode of the first indicator signal lamp 51 and the second indicator signal lamp 52 can also have multiple forms.

[0153] As Figure 7 described above, the battery charger 100 further comprises a first diode 71 and a second diode 72. The positive terminal of the first diode 71 is connected to the positive terminal of the Nth charging position of the battery (see the electrical connection point F in the figure), and the negative terminal of the first diode 71 is used to be connected to the second end of the first indicator signal lamp 51 and the second end of the second indicator signal lamp 52. The positive terminal of the second diode 72 is connected to the charging positive pin 36 (see the electrical connection point E in the figure), and the negative terminal of the second diode 72 is used to be connected to the second end of the first indicator signal lamp 51 and the second end of the second indicator signal lamp 52. Thus, the battery charger 100 can ensure the one-way conduction between the positive terminal of the power supply and the indicator lamp 50 in the first state and the second state.

[0154] The voltage stabilizing module 73 is configured to output a direct current voltage signal (for example, a stable 3V, 5V, etc.) with constant voltage value when the voltage stabilizing module input end 74 has a high level signal input. The negative pole of the first diode 71 and the negative pole of the second diode 72 are connected to the first voltage stabilizing module input end 74, and the second end of the first indicator light 51 and the second end of the second indicator light 52 are connected to the voltage stabilizing module output end 75. Thus, when the first voltage stabilizing module input end 74 has a high level signal input, the voltage value input to the second end of the indicator light 50 is constant. The level value of the electrical connection point I, H between the indicator light 50 and the control chip 39 set by the control chip 39 can accurately control the lighting of the indicator light 50.

[0155] Meanwhile, the power pin 391 of the control chip 39 is connected to the first voltage stabilizing module output end 75 (see the electrical connection point G in the figure). Thus, the control chip 39 is provided with a stable power voltage by the first voltage stabilizing module output end 75.

[0156] In the present application, the key 61 realizes the synchronous switching of the switching states of all 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches 62, the first additional single-pole double-throw switch 66 and the second additional single-pole double-throw switch 67.

[0157] Preferably, the charging battery 25 is a dry battery, for example, a lithium rechargeable battery. That is, the battery charger 100 according to the present application is preferably adapted for use with a lithium rechargeable battery.

[0158] According to an embodiment of the present application, the charging and discharging circuit comprises a control chip and a first switching circuit and one or more second switching circuits connected to the control chip respectively, each second switching circuit being connected between the positive pole of a corresponding charging battery and the first switching circuit;

[0159] The control chip is configured to output a first control signal and a second control signal to the first switching circuit and the corresponding second switching circuit respectively according to the charging power source or the power consuming device;

[0160] The first switching circuit is configured to control the circuit connection state of the charging power source and the charging battery based on the first control signal;

[0161] The second switching circuit is configured to adjust the output voltage of the series-connected charging battery based on the second control signal.

[0162] The first switching circuit of the battery charger can be used to detect whether an illegal battery is used by the battery charger, which will be described in detail below.

[0163] As Figure 3As shown, the first switching circuit 310 includes a first terminal 311D, a second terminal 312D, and a control terminal 313B. The first terminal 311D and the second terminal 312D are connected in series between the positive charging pin 36 of the TYPE-C interface and the Nth rechargeable battery. Specifically, they are connected in series between the positive charging pin 36 and the positive terminal of the battery at the Nth charging position. The first terminal 311D is connected to the positive charging pin 36, and the second terminal 312D is connected to the positive terminal of the battery at the Nth charging position. The control terminal 313B is connected to the control chip 39 and is used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the first terminal 311D and the second terminal 312D.

[0164] The control chip 39 is configured to, in a first state, detect the voltage Up of at least one of the N battery positive terminal connections. When the voltage Up is lower than a preset voltage threshold, it sends a shutdown signal to the switch circuit control terminal 313B, causing the circuit between the first terminal 311D and the second terminal 312D of the switch circuit to disconnect. For example, when using a lithium rechargeable battery, the preset voltage threshold is 2.8 to 4.3V. The charging voltage of a nickel-metal hydride rechargeable battery is typically 0.8 to 1.45V, lower than that of a lithium rechargeable battery. Therefore, when a user uses an illegitimate battery (nickel-metal hydride rechargeable battery), the control chip 39 can detect the abnormal charging voltage, thereby disconnecting the circuit and preventing the charger 100 from operating. Preferably, the control chip 39 can also indicate to the user that an illegitimate battery has been used via a first indicator light 51 and a second indicator light 52.

[0165] Preferably, the control chip 39 is connected to all N battery positive terminals to monitor whether all rechargeable batteries 25 are invalid. If any one of the N rechargeable batteries 25 is invalid, the control chip 39 disconnects the circuit between the charging positive pin 36 and the battery positive terminal.

[0166] The second switching circuit of the battery charger can be used to adjust the output voltage after the control chip detects the received voltage and received power of the external electrical device. The details are explained below.

[0167] like Figure 3 As shown, the charging and discharging circuit includes four second switching circuits 320. The following description takes the second switching circuit connected to the positive terminal 23D when the switching assembly is in the second state as an example.

[0168] The second switch circuit 320 includes a switch circuit first end 325D, a switch circuit second end 325S, and a switch circuit control end 321B. The switch circuit first end 325D and the switch circuit second end 325S are connected in series between the charging positive pole pin 36 of the TYPE-C interface and the positive pole connection terminal 23D. The second switch circuit control end 321B is connected to the control chip 39, for controlling the on-off of the circuit between the second switch circuit first end 325D and the second switch circuit second end 325S.

[0169] The control chip 39 is configured to, in the second state, detect the receiving voltage and power of the external electrical equipment. The discharge voltage of each charging battery is 1.5 volts, for example, the receiving voltage of the external electrical equipment is 6 volts, which requires four batteries to output externally. Therefore, a conduction signal needs to be sent to the second switch circuit control end 321B, so that the circuit between the second switch circuit first end 325D and the second switch circuit second end 325S is turned on; turn off signals are sent to the control ends 322B, 323B, and 324B of the other three second switch circuits, so that the drain 326D and the source 326S, the drain 327D and the source 327S, and the drain 328D and the source 328S are disconnected, thereby enabling the voltage output of the 4 charging batteries 25A, 25B, 25C, and 25D in series.

[0170] Preferably, the first end 325D, 326D, 327D, and 328D of each second switch circuit is further connected in series with the charging positive pole pin 36 of the TYPE-C interface, respectively, with a third triode 731, a fourth triode 732, a fifth triode 733, and a sixth triode 734, for preventing current backflow of the charging battery.

[0171] Specifically, the second switch circuit includes a first switch element and a second switch element, the first switch element includes a first switch element switch end, a first switch element first end, and a first switch element second end, the second switch element includes a second switch element switch end, a second switch element first end, and a second switch element second end, the first switch element switch end is connected to the control chip, the first switch element first end is connected to the second switch element switch end, the second switch element first end is connected to the positive pole of the charging battery, and the second switch element second end is connected to the first switch circuit.

[0172] Specifically, the first switch element is a field effect tube, and the second switch element is a triode. Illustratively, when the charging and discharging circuit includes four second switch circuits, the first switch element includes a third field effect tube 325, a fourth field effect tube 326, a fifth field effect tube 327, and a sixth field effect tube 328. The second switch element includes a second triode 321, a third triode 322, a fourth triode 323, and a fifth triode 324.

[0173] The drain 325D of the third field effect transistor 325 is connected to the charging positive pole pin 36, the source 325S of the third field effect transistor 325 is connected to the positive pole connection terminal of the charging battery 25D, and the gate 325G of the third field effect transistor 325 is connected to the collector 321C of the second triode 321. The emitter 321E of the second triode 321 is grounded, and the base 321B of the second triode 321 is connected to the control chip 39 (see the electrical connection point P in the figure).

[0174] The drain 326D of the fourth field effect transistor 326 is connected to the charging positive pole pin 36, the source 326S of the fourth field effect transistor 326 is connected to the positive pole connection terminal of the charging battery 25E, and the gate 326G of the fourth field effect transistor 326 is connected to the collector 322C of the third triode 322. The emitter 322E of the second triode 322 is grounded, and the base 322B of the second triode 322 is connected to the control chip 39 (see the electrical connection point Q in the figure).

[0175] The drain 327D of the fifth field effect transistor 327 is connected to the charging positive pole pin 36, the source 327S of the fifth field effect transistor 327 is connected to the positive pole connection terminal of the charging battery 25F, and the gate 327G of the fifth field effect transistor 327 is connected to the collector 323C of the fourth triode 323. The emitter 323E of the fourth triode 323 is grounded, and the base 323B of the fourth triode 323 is connected to the control chip 39 (see the electrical connection point R in the figure).

[0176] The drain 328D of the sixth field effect transistor 328 is connected to the charging positive pole pin 36, the source 328S of the sixth field effect transistor 328 is connected to the positive pole connection terminal of the charging battery 25G, and the gate 328G of the sixth field effect transistor 328 is connected to the collector 324C of the fifth triode 324. The emitter 324E of the fifth triode 324 is grounded, and the base 324B of the fifth triode 324 is connected to the control chip 39 (see the electrical connection point S in the figure).

[0177] Specifically, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 8 , the VBUS pin 36 and the positive pole connection terminal of the Nth charging potential battery are respectively connected with a filter circuit 330. The filter circuit 330 includes a first resistor 331 and a second resistor 332. The first resistor 331 and the second resistor 332 are connected in series between the VBUS pin 36, the positive pole connection terminal of the Nth charging potential battery, and the ground wire. The filter circuit 330 can also include a capacitor 333. The capacitor 333 is connected in parallel with the second resistor 332 and plays a filtering role.

[0178] Specifically, as Figure 3As shown, the switch circuit 310 includes a first field effect transistor 311, a second field effect transistor 312 and a first triode 313. The drain 311D of the first field effect transistor 311 is connected to the charging positive pole pin 36, the source 312S of the second field effect transistor 312 is connected to the source 311S of the first field effect transistor 311, and the drain 312D of the second field effect transistor 312 is connected to the positive pole terminal of the Nth charging potential battery. The emitter 313E of the first triode 313 is grounded, the base 313B of the first triode 313 is connected to the control chip 39 (see the electrical connection point L in the figure), and the collector 313C of the first triode 313 is connected to the gate 311G of the first field effect transistor 311 and the gate 312G of the second field effect transistor 312. The drain 311D of the first field effect transistor 311 is the first end 311D of the first switch circuit, the drain 312D of the second field effect transistor 312 is the second end 312D of the first switch circuit, and the base 313B of the first triode 313 is the control end 313B of the first switch circuit.

[0179] In the first state, the charging positive pole pin 36 supplies power to the control chip 39. When the control chip 39 detects that the voltage Up of the positive pole terminal of the battery is lower than the preset voltage threshold, it sends a turn-off signal to the base 313B of the first triode 313, thereby changing the voltage of the collector 313C of the first triode 313, so that the first field effect transistor 311 and the second field effect transistor 312 cannot be turned on, i.e., the circuit between the drain 311D of the first field effect transistor 311 and the drain 312D of the second field effect transistor 312 is disconnected, to stop charging.

[0180] Compared with nickel-hydrogen rechargeable batteries, lithium rechargeable batteries not only have different charging voltages, but also have different charging currents. For example, the charging current of a lithium rechargeable battery is usually less than 700 mA, while the charging current of a nickel-hydrogen rechargeable battery can reach 2-3 A. Therefore, when an illegal battery is used, the excessive charging current can cause damage to the components in the circuit 31.

[0181] In order to limit the charging current when an illegal battery is used, the battery charger further includes a current limiting circuit, which is connected to the charging battery and the charge-discharge circuit, respectively, and is used to interrupt the connection between the charging battery and the charge-discharge circuit when the charging current is greater than a preset current.

[0182] As Figures 4 to 5As shown, the current limiting circuit includes a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor 37. For each charging position, in the first state, the PTC thermistor 37 is connected in series between the positive terminal of the battery and the positive terminal of the Nth charging position (charging positive terminal), or between the negative terminal of the battery and the ground pin 371 (ground). That is, in the first state, each charging battery 25 is connected in series with the thermistor 37. When the charging battery 25 is an illegal battery, the charging current flowing through the charging battery 25 is large. The charging current also flows through the PTC thermistor 37, causing the PTC thermistor 37 to generate heat and increase in temperature. In turn, the resistance of the PTC thermistor 37 increases, causing the current flowing therethrough to decrease (e.g., below 100 mA), that is, causing the current flowing through the charging battery 25 to decrease, thereby protecting the charging and discharging circuit 31. At the same time, the resistance of the PTC thermistor 37 increases, and the voltage drop across the PTC thermistor 37 increases, causing the voltage of the charging battery 25 to decrease, thereby assisting the control chip 39 in identifying illegal batteries.

[0183] As previously described, when the switch assembly 60 is in the first state, the charger 100 functions as a battery charger. In the charging state, the fixed terminal 63 of the single-pole double-throw switch 62 is connected to the first free terminal 64. Therefore, the PTC thermistor 37 is connected to the first free terminal 64 of the single-pole double-throw switch 62 to be connected into the charging and discharging circuit 31 in the charging state.

[0184] Preferably, the charging and discharging circuit 31 is configured with N PTC thermistors 37 corresponding to the N charging batteries 25, respectively, such that each charging battery 25 is connected in series with a PTC thermistor 37 to form a loop during charging.

[0185] In the first charging position, the first free terminal of the single-pole double-throw switch 62A connected to the first charging battery 25A is connected to the positive terminal 23 of the first charging position 21, and the second free terminal of the single-pole double-throw switch 62A is connected to the ground pin 371. Therefore, the PTC thermistor 37 is connected in series between the positive terminal 23 of the first charging position 21 and the ground pin 371. In the Nth charging position, the first free terminal of the single-pole double-throw switch 62 connected to the Nth charging battery 25 is connected to the positive terminal 23 of the Nth charging position 21, and the second free terminal of the single-pole double-throw switch 62 is connected to the ground pin 371. Therefore, the PTC thermistor 37 is connected in series between the positive terminal 23 of the Nth charging position 21 and the ground pin 371.

[0186] The positive and negative poles of the second to the (N-1)th rechargeable batteries 25 are connected with single-pole double-throw switches 62, so for the second to the (N-1)th rechargeable batteries 25, the PTC thermistor 37 can be connected to the single-pole double-throw switch 62 of the positive pole or the single-pole double-throw switch 62 of the negative pole. Therefore, the first free end of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch 62 among the total 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches 62 is provided (in series) with the PTC thermistor 37 between the ground pin 371; or the first free end of the (M+1)th single-pole double-throw switch 62 is provided (in series) with the PTC thermistor 37 between the positive pole connection terminal 23 of the Nth rechargeable battery 21. Wherein M is an even number less than 2N-2.

[0187] In the illustrated embodiment, referring to Figures 4 to 5 When M=2, the 2nd single-pole double-throw switch 62B is connected to the negative pole of the second rechargeable battery 25B, and the 3rd single-pole double-throw switch 62C is connected to the positive pole of the second rechargeable battery 25B. The PTC thermistor 37 can be provided (as shown in Figure 4 ) between the first free end of the 2nd single-pole double-throw switch 62B and the ground wire, or the PTC thermistor 37 can be provided (as shown in Figure 5 ) between the first free end of the 3rd single-pole double-throw switch 62C and the positive pole of the charger. When M=4, the 4th single-pole double-throw switch 62D is connected to the negative pole of the third rechargeable battery 25C, and the 5th single-pole double-throw switch 62E is connected to the positive pole of the third rechargeable battery 25C. The PTC thermistor 37 can be provided (as shown in Figure 4 ) between the first free end of the 4th single-pole double-throw switch 62D and the ground wire, or the PTC thermistor 37 can be provided (as shown in Figure 5 ) between the first free end of the 5th single-pole double-throw switch 62 and the positive pole of the charger.

[0188] Each of the above-mentioned PTC thermistors 37 can also be replaced by a power resistor, which can also play a role in current limiting protection.

[0189] The above-mentioned processes and steps in all the preferred embodiments are only examples. Unless adverse effects occur, various processing operations can be performed in different orders from the above-mentioned processes. The order of the steps of the above-mentioned processes can also be added, combined or deleted according to actual needs.

[0190] In understanding the scope of the present application, the term "comprising" and its derivatives, as used herein, are intended to be open-ended terms that specify the presence of the stated features, elements, components, groups, integers, and / or steps, but do not exclude the presence of other unstated features, elements, components, groups, integers and / or steps. The term "comprising" and its derivatives also serve as an open-ended transition term that permits for the inclusion of items, components, elements, groups, integers, and / or steps that are not specifically recited, so that other claims employing the term "comprising" and its derivatives are not limited to the specific recitations of the features, elements, components, groups, integers, and / or steps. This concept applies to all embodiments of the present application as described herein.

[0191] As used herein, the terms "attached" or "attaching" include a construction wherein an element is directly secured to another element by affixing the element directly to the other element; a construction wherein the element is indirectly secured to the other element by affixing the element to an intermediate member that, in turn, is affixed to the other element; and a construction wherein one element is integral with the other element, i.e., one element is essentially a portion of the other. The definition also includes words of similar import, such as "connected," "coupled," "associated," "mounted," "bonded," "fixed," and derivatives thereof. Finally, terms such as "substantially," "approximately," and "about" mean an acceptable quantity of deviation from an ideal number, as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0192] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The features described herein in one embodiment can be applied to another embodiment, mutatis mutandis, unless the features are not applicable or are otherwise stated.

[0193] The present application has been described through the above embodiments, but it should be understood that the above embodiments are only for the purpose of example and illustration, and are not intended to limit the present application to the scope of the described embodiments. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can understand that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made according to the teachings of the present application, and these modifications and changes all fall within the scope of the present application claimed.

Claims

1. A battery charger characterized by comprising: The battery charger comprises a TYPE-C interface for connecting a charging power source or a power-consuming device, a charge-discharge circuit, a switch assembly for user operation, and a battery compartment for accommodating N charging batteries; The charge-discharge circuit is connected with the TYPE-C interface and the switch assembly respectively, the TYPE-C interface is a shared interface for charging and discharging, and the charging and discharging state is synchronously switched according to the operation of the switch assembly; The charge-discharge circuit is configured to transmit the power supply signal input through the TYPE-C interface to the charging battery through the switch assembly during charging, and transmit the output voltage signal of the corresponding number of charging batteries to the TYPE-C interface through the switch assembly according to the charging demand of the user device during discharging; The switch assembly is connected with the positive and negative poles of the charging battery respectively, and is configured to conduct the electrical connection between the positive and negative poles of adjacent two charging batteries in the N charging batteries during discharging to realize the series connection of the N charging batteries, or conduct the electrical connection between the positive poles of the N charging batteries and the electrical connection between the negative poles of the N charging batteries during charging to realize the parallel connection of the N charging batteries, wherein N is a positive integer; The battery compartment comprises N charging positions corresponding to the N charging batteries, each charging position is configured to place one charging battery, and each charging position is provided with a battery positive pole connection terminal and a battery negative pole connection terminal on both sides; The switch assembly is connected to at least part of the N battery positive pole connection terminals and the N battery negative pole connection terminals, and comprises a first state and a second state; when the switch assembly is in the first state, the N battery positive pole connection terminals are connected in parallel, and the N battery negative pole connection terminals are connected in parallel; when the switch assembly is in the second state, the battery negative pole connection terminal of a previous charging battery is connected with the battery positive pole connection terminal of a subsequent charging battery; The first battery negative pole connection terminal is configured to be grounded, and the Nth battery positive pole connection terminal is configured to be connected with a positive pole of a power source, the switch assembly comprises 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches, the first battery positive pole connection terminal, the Nth battery negative pole connection terminal, and the second to N-1th battery positive pole connection terminals and the battery negative pole connection terminals are all connected with one of the 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches, wherein, When M is an odd number, the fixed terminal of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the (M+1) / 2th battery positive pole connection terminal, the first free terminal of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch is configured to be connected to a positive pole connection terminal of a power source, and the second free terminal of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the second free terminal of the M+1th single-pole double-throw switch; When M is an even number, the fixed terminal of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the (M+2) / 2th battery negative pole connection terminal, the first free terminal of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch is configured to be grounded, and the second free terminal of the Mth single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the second free terminal of the M-1th single-pole double-throw switch. All 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches are configured to synchronously switch the connection state of the fixed terminal and the free terminal, in the first state, the fixed terminals of all 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches are connected with the first free terminals, in the second state, the fixed terminals of all 2N-2 single-pole double-throw switches are connected with the second free terminals.

2. The battery charger of claim 1, wherein, The charging and discharging circuit comprises a control chip and a first switch circuit and one or more second switch circuits connected with the control chip respectively, each second switch circuit is connected between the positive electrode of a corresponding charging battery and the first switch circuit; The control chip is configured to output a first control signal and a second control signal to the first switch circuit and the corresponding second switch circuit respectively according to the charging power supply or the electrical equipment; The first switch circuit is configured to control the circuit connection state of the charging power supply and the charging battery based on the first control signal. The second switch circuit is configured to adjust the output voltage of the series-connected charging batteries based on the second control signal.

3. The battery charger of claim 2, wherein, The second switch circuit comprises a first switch element and a second switch element, the first switch element comprises a first switch element switch end, a first switch element first end and a first switch element second end, the second switch element comprises a second switch element switch end, a second switch element first end and a second switch element second end, The first switch element switch end is connected with the control chip, the first switch element first end is connected with the second switch element switch end, the second switch element first end is connected with the positive electrode of the charging battery, and the second switch element second end is connected with the first switch circuit.

4. The battery charger of claim 2, wherein, Each second switch circuit is further connected with a diode between the first switch circuit.

5. The battery charger of claim 2, wherein, The first switch circuit comprises: The first switch circuit comprises a switch circuit first end, a switch circuit second end and a switch circuit control end, the switch circuit control end is configured to control the on-off of the circuit between the switch circuit first end and the switch circuit second end, the switch circuit first end and the switch circuit second end are connected in series between the TYPE-C interface and the Nth charging battery, and the switch circuit control end is connected to the control chip.

6. The battery charger of claim 1, wherein, The battery charger further comprises a charging and discharging state display circuit, the charging and discharging state display circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing module, a first indicator signal lamp and a second indicator signal lamp, the voltage stabilizing module comprises a voltage stabilizing module input end and a voltage stabilizing module output end, the voltage stabilizing module output end is connected with the first indicator signal lamp and the second indicator signal lamp respectively, and the voltage stabilizing module input end is connected with the positive electrode of the TYPE-C interface and at least one charging battery. The charging and discharging state display circuit is configured to, under the driving of the charging and discharging circuit, light up the first indicator signal lamp when the switch assembly is in the first state, and light up the second indicator signal lamp when the switch assembly is in the second state.

7. The battery charger of claim 1, wherein, The battery charger further comprises a current limiting circuit connected with the charging battery and the charge-discharge circuit, respectively, for interrupting the connection between the charging battery and the charge-discharge circuit when the charging current is greater than a preset current.

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