An artificial fish spawning bed coordinated with reservoir operation process

Abstract

An artificial fish spawning bed coordinated with the operation of a reservoir comprises a bank slope having a horizontal top and an inclined slope surface, a track assembly disposed on the slope surface, a box assembly disposed on the track assembly, the track assembly comprising a plurality of mutually parallel and spaced transverse rails and a plurality of mutually parallel and spaced longitudinal rails, the plurality of transverse rails and the plurality of longitudinal rails being arranged in a crisscross pattern, the box assembly comprising a plurality of boxes arranged longitudinally and transversely, each box being provided with a fish spawning matrix, and in each row of boxes, along the inclination direction of the slope surface, an upper box being planted with emergent plants, a middle box being planted with floating plants, and a lower box being planted with submerged plants, and a first drive mechanism and a second drive mechanism being disposed on the bank slope for driving the box assembly along the longitudinal and transverse rails, respectively. The present invention can always ensure that a plant community consisting of emergent plants, floating plants, and submerged plants is at an appropriate water depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower ecological protection, and in particular to an artificial fish spawning bed coordinated with a reservoir operation process. Background Art

[0002] Due to the needs of power generation or reservoir regulation, the water level in the reservoir area of ​​water conservancy and hydropower projects usually fluctuates regularly, forming a regular reservoir drawdown zone in the reservoir area. It is an interlaced transition and connection area between water, land and their ecosystems. It is a dry-wet alternating zone formed by the seasonal rise and fall of water bodies such as rivers, lakes and reservoirs, which causes the land in the water-land connection zone to be periodically submerged and exposed. For example, the water level in the reservoir area of ​​the Three Gorges Hydropower Station on the Yangtze River fluctuates between 145m and 175m, and the drawdown zone is as high as 30m.

[0003] The formation of the drawdown zone of the reservoir has changed the ecological and environmental conditions in the area before water storage, which is mainly reflected in several aspects: First, the frequent changes in the reservoir water level have destroyed the ecosystem structure of the drawdown zone and weakened the ecological function. The vegetation gradually disappears during the low water level period, resulting in the lack of vegetation protection in the drawdown zone, and the original bank slope becomes bare land. In addition, the influence of multiple external forces such as water scouring and rainfall has aggravated soil erosion and siltation in the reservoir area, destroying the habitat of the drawdown zone; second, due to the frequent changes in the water level in the reservoir area, the survival rate of the complex aquatic plant community composed of floating, emergent and submerged plants has declined. Fish species represented by carp, crucian carp, catfish, and stick fish that like to spawn on sticky grass substrates have lost the conditions for adhesion to the substrate, and their spawning, reproduction and hatching survival rate have also declined, further affecting the fish resources in the reservoir area.

[0004] At present, how to protect the ecological environment of the drawdown zone so that fish have the conditions to adhere to the substrate in the drawdown zone and improve the spawning, reproduction, hatching and survival of fish is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0005] Regarding existing technologies for ecological protection of drawdown zones, patent publication number CN219930861U discloses an ecological protection structure for river drawdown zones. Concrete is laid on one side of the drawdown zone and some greenery is planted. A buffer plate reduces the impact of waves. Diamond-shaped flow holes protect the buffer plate from the full force of the waves, making it less susceptible to damage. However, this structure fails to account for the exposure of the original bank caused by the frequent fluctuations in water levels during reservoir operation, making it unsuitable for fish spawning.

[0006] For example, patent application CN116752503A discloses a floating eco-tray system for improving the environment in a reservoir's drawdown zone. The system features a fixed axis mounted on the bank of the drawdown zone. Multiple water-collecting slow-flow boxes are connected to the fixed axis via ropes at one end and to the eco-trays via ropes at the other end. When the water level is high, the eco-trays are fixed to the bank of the drawdown zone at one end, allowing them to float stably on the water surface while the water-collecting slow-flow boxes store water. When the water level is low, the eco-trays can be fully or partially attached to the bank, with the water-collecting slow-flow boxes replenishing water for the aquatic plants in the eco-trays. This structure, which makes the flora on the bank float with the water level, cannot meet fish spawning requirements when the water level fluctuates. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose an artificial fish spawning bed that cooperates with the operation process of the reservoir, providing suitable spawning and adhesion conditions for fish when the water level in the reservoir changes, aiming to solve the above technical problems.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes an artificial fish spawning bed that cooperates with the operation process of a reservoir, including a reservoir bank slope, the reservoir bank slope having a horizontal slope top and an inclined slope surface, and a track assembly is arranged on the slope surface; a box assembly is arranged on the track assembly; the track assembly includes a plurality of transverse rails arranged in parallel and spaced relation, and a plurality of longitudinal rails arranged in parallel and spaced relation; the plurality of transverse rails and the plurality of longitudinal rails are arranged in a criss-cross pattern; the box assembly includes a plurality of boxes arranged in a longitudinal and transverse manner, and a fish spawning matrix is ​​arranged in each box; along the inclination direction of the slope surface, in each column of boxes, emergent plants are planted in the upper box, floating plants are planted in the middle box, and submerged plants are planted in the lower box; a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism are provided on the reservoir bank slope for driving the box assembly to move along the longitudinal rails and the transverse rails, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the first driving mechanism includes a first motor and a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is connected to the first motor through a first coupling, and a first winch is provided on the first rotating shaft; a first cable is wound on the first winch, and the end of the first cable is connected to the box assembly; a ground rail is provided on the horizontal slope top of the reservoir bank slope; the first motor and the first rotating shaft are both slidably mounted on the ground rail through a base; the ground rail is arranged along the upstream and downstream directions of the reservoir bank slope.

[0010] Preferably, the number of the first motors is multiple, and the number of the first rotating shafts is consistent with the number of the first motors; each first motor is transmission-connected to a first rotating shaft through a first coupling, and the axes of the multiple first rotating shafts are collinearly arranged; the number of columns of boxes in the box assembly is n, and the number of the first winches is equal to the number of columns of boxes in the box assembly, n; a first winch is correspondingly arranged for each column of boxes, and the first cable on the first winch is connected to the box at the top of the column.

[0011] Preferably, skateboard tracks are respectively provided at the upstream and downstream ends of the slope surface; the skateboard tracks are arranged along the inclination direction of the slope surface; a sliding plate is provided on the skateboard track; a guide wheel is provided on the top surface of the sliding plate; a screw mechanism is provided on the slope surface for driving the sliding plate to move on the skateboard track; the second driving mechanism includes two groups of winch devices, each group of winch devices includes a second motor and a second rotating shaft; the second motor and the second rotating shaft are connected to each other through a second coupling; a second winch is provided on the second rotating shaft; a second cable is wound on the second winch; one group of winch devices is installed at the upstream end of the horizontal slope top, and the second cable of this group of winch devices is connected to the box assembly after passing through the guide wheel at the upstream end; the other group of winch devices is installed at the downstream end of the horizontal slope top, and the second cable of this group of winch devices is connected to the box assembly after passing through the guide wheel at the downstream end.

[0012] Preferably, the screw mechanism includes a third motor, a screw, and a screw nut; the third motor is fixedly mounted on the slope surface; the upper and lower ends of the screw are respectively mounted on the slope surface through bearing seats; the screw and the bearing seat are rotatably engaged; the upper end of the screw is transmission-connected to the third motor; the screw nut is mounted on the bottom surface of the sliding plate and cooperates with the screw for transmission.

[0013] Preferably, the number of rows of boxes in the box assembly is m; the number of the second winches is equal to the number m of rows of boxes in the box assembly; the number of guide wheels set on each sliding plate is equal to the number m of rows of boxes in the box assembly; the second cable on each second winch passes around a guide wheel and is connected to the corresponding row of boxes.

[0014] Preferably, the multiple boxes on the box assembly are distributed in a rectangular array, with m rows and n columns; the adjacent boxes on each column are connected by a steel cable, and the adjacent boxes on each row are also connected by a steel cable.

[0015] Preferably, lifting ears are provided on the outer surfaces around the box body; and both ends of the steel cable are connected to the lifting ears.

[0016] Preferably, the long direction of the transverse rail is parallel to the upstream and downstream directions of the reservoir bank slope; the long direction of the longitudinal rail is parallel to the inclination direction of the slope surface; the transverse rail and the longitudinal rail are both provided with grooves; the grooves of the transverse rail and the longitudinal rail at the intersection are connected to each other; a universal wheel is provided at the bottom of the box body, and the universal wheel moves in the groove.

[0017] Preferably, the spacing between two adjacent horizontal rails is equal to the spacing between two adjacent vertical rails; the horizontal rails and the vertical rails are arranged crisscross to form a square grid structure; four universal wheels are provided at the bottom of each box, and the four universal wheels are distributed in a rectangular shape, and the spacing between two adjacent universal wheels in each row and each column is equal to the spacing between two adjacent horizontal rails.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] (1) Achieve high-quality construction of aquatic plant community system in the reservoir area. The present invention is guided by the core problem of constructing a space for fish spawning, reproduction, feeding and hiding that adapts to the operation process of the reservoir area. By using the first driving mechanism to drive the box assembly to move along the longitudinal track, since in each row of boxes of the box assembly, the upper box is planted with emergent plants, the middle box is planted with floating plants, and the lower box is planted with submerged plants, a vertically layered three-in-one aquatic plant community is formed, which dynamically matches the changes in the water level of the reservoir and always ensures that the plant community composed of emergent plants, floating plants and submerged plants is at an appropriate water depth. At the same time, by using the second driving mechanism to drive the box assembly to move along the horizontal track, it can dynamically match the change process of the reservoir area length caused by the reservoir operation scheduling mode, thereby always ensuring that the artificial fish spawning bed formed by the box assembly is within the deep water area of ​​the reservoir. The present invention utilizes the emergent plants, floating plants and submerged plants on the box assembly to jointly form an artificial fish spawning bed. In conjunction with the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism, the box assembly can be driven to move along the longitudinal rail and the transverse rail respectively, breaking the monotonous and fixed in-situ restoration idea in the traditional ecological restoration scheme of the drawdown zone, avoiding the waste of resources caused by ecological restoration in the exposed land of the drawdown zone during the low water level period, and opening up the design thinking of high-quality aquatic plant communities that are adapted to the operation mode of the reservoir and meet the ecological needs of fish.

[0020] (2) Achieve high-level linkage between the overall structure and the reservoir operation mode. The artificial fish spawning bed provided by the present invention is arranged as a three-layer structure (emergent plants, floating plants, and submerged plants) in the vertical direction, which is scientific in the structural construction of the aquatic plant community; the multiple boxes in the horizontal direction maximize the water surface of the spawning bed, and are applicable in the structural construction of the space for fish spawning, reproduction, feeding, and hiding. The boxes are connected by steel cables and lifting lugs. Through the mutual cooperation of the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism, the joint adjustment and control of the artificial fish spawning bed is realized, and the joint adjustment and linkage between the overall structure of the artificial fish spawning bed and the reservoir operation process is guaranteed, forming a fish ecological scheduling model based on the scheduling of the main reservoir project, and further expanding the application theory of reservoir ecological scheduling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 The state of the artificial fish spawning bed provided by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 2 The state of the artificial fish spawning bed provided by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 3 The state of the artificial fish spawning bed provided by the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the connection relationship between the various boxes inside the box assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is an end view of the artificial fish spawning bed provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the guide wheel in the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of the accompanying numbers: 1. Box body; 2. Universal wheel; 3. Emergent plants; 4. Floating plants; 5. Submerged plants; 6. Steel cable; 7. Longitudinal rail; 8. Horizontal rail; 9. Lifting lug; 10. First motor; 11. First coupling; 12. First winch; 12a. First cable; 13. First rotating shaft; 14. Sliding plate; 15. Guide wheel; 16. Groove; 17. Screw rod; 18. Third motor; 19. Slide track; 20. Bearing seat; 21. Support block; 22a. Horizontal slope top; 22b. Slope surface; 23. Ground rail; 23a. Base; 24. Second motor; 25. Second rotating shaft; 26. Second coupling; 27. Second winch; 27a. Second cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0033] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that they can be implemented by ordinary technicians in this field. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0034] As shown in the accompanying drawings, an artificial fish spawning bed for coordinated reservoir operation includes a bank slope having a horizontal top 22a and an inclined slope surface 22b. A track assembly is disposed on the slope surface 22b. A box assembly is disposed on the track assembly. The track assembly includes a plurality of parallel, spaced transverse rails 8 and a plurality of parallel, spaced longitudinal rails 7. The transverse rails 8 and longitudinal rails 7 are arranged in a crisscross pattern. The box assembly includes a plurality of boxes 1 arranged longitudinally and transversely, each containing a fish spawning substrate. Along the inclination of the slope surface 22b, in each row of boxes, the upper box 1 is planted with emergent plants 3, the middle box 1 is planted with floating plants 4, and the lower box 1 is planted with submerged plants 5. A first drive mechanism and a second drive mechanism are disposed on the bank slope, respectively, for driving the box assembly along the longitudinal rails 7 and the transverse rails 8. The emergent plants 3 may be selected from species such as cattail and canna. The floating plants 4 may be lotus plants. The submerged plants 5 may be species such as Vallisneria, Dermatophyte, and Black Algae.

[0035] In the existing technology, the vegetation restoration technologies mostly used in the management of the drawdown zone of the reservoir include concrete diamond frame beams, beaded flexible revetment technology, ecological bag slope protection technology, composite anchor pad ecological slope protection technology, etc. This series of technologies have not considered the construction of aquatic plants that adapt to the frequent water level fluctuations in the reservoir area, and have not made design innovations in the construction of suitable spawning habitats for fish under water level fluctuations. By adopting the present invention, the emergent plants 3, floating plants 4, and submerged plants 5 on the box assembly are used to form an artificial fish spawning bed. The first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism can respectively drive the box assembly to move along the longitudinal rail 7 and the transverse rail 8, breaking the monotonous and fixed in-situ restoration idea in the traditional drawdown zone ecological restoration plan, avoiding the waste of resources caused by ecological restoration in the exposed land of the drawdown zone during the low water level period, and opening up the design thinking of high-quality aquatic plant communities that are adapted to the operation mode of the reservoir and meet the ecological needs of fish. Specifically, a first drive mechanism is utilized to drive the box assembly along longitudinal rails 7. Within each row of boxes 1, the upper box 1 is planted with emergent plants 3, the middle box 1 is planted with floating plants 4, and the lower box 1 is planted with submerged plants 5. This forms a vertically layered, three-in-one aquatic plant community. This dynamically adapts to reservoir water level fluctuations, ensuring that the flora composed of emergent plants 3, floating plants 4, and submerged plants 5 is always at an appropriate water depth, providing a stable and safe breeding environment for fish that prefer to spawn on sticky grass substrates. Simultaneously, a second drive mechanism is utilized to drive the box assembly along transverse rails 8, dynamically adapting to changes in the reservoir length caused by the reservoir's operational scheduling, thereby ensuring that the artificial fish spawning bed formed by the box assembly is always within the deep reservoir area.

[0036] Combine Figures 1 to 4As shown, the first driving mechanism includes a first motor 10 and a first rotating shaft 13, the first rotating shaft 13 is connected to the first motor 10 through a first coupling 11, and a first winch 12 is provided on the first rotating shaft 13; a first cable 12a is wound around the first winch 12, and the end of the first cable 12a is connected to the box assembly; a ground rail 23 is provided on the horizontal slope top 22a of the reservoir bank slope; the first motor 10 and the first rotating shaft 13 are both slidably mounted on the ground rail 23 through a base 23a; the ground rail 23 is arranged along the upstream and downstream directions of the reservoir bank slope. A slide track 19 is provided at the upstream and downstream ends of the slope surface 22b respectively; the slide track 19 is provided along the inclination direction of the slope surface 22b; a sliding plate 14 is provided on the slide track 19; a guide wheel 15 is provided on the top surface of the sliding plate 14; a screw mechanism is provided on the slope surface 22b for driving the sliding plate 14 to move on the slide track 19; the second driving mechanism includes two sets of winch devices, each set of winch devices includes a second motor 24 and a second rotating shaft 25; the second motor 24 and the second rotating shaft The shaft 25 is connected through a second coupling 26; a second winch 27 is provided on the second rotating shaft 25; a second cable 27a is wound on the second winch 27; one group of winch devices is installed at the upstream end of the horizontal slope top 22a, and the second cable 27a of this group of winch devices is connected to the box assembly after passing through the guide wheel 15 at the upstream end; another group of winch devices is installed at the downstream end of the horizontal slope top 22a, and the second cable 27a of this group of winch devices is connected to the box assembly after passing through the guide wheel 15 at the downstream end.

[0037] By adopting the above structure, the movement operation process of the box assembly is as follows:

[0038] S1, vertical movement

[0039] When the water level of the reservoir fluctuates, the box assembly must move in the longitudinal direction to ensure that the emergent plants 3, floating plants 4, and submerged plants 5 are all in water depth conditions suitable for their growth and provide suitable conditions for fish to spawn and adhere. Under this working condition, by controlling the first motor 10 to rotate forward or reverse, thereby driving the first rotating shaft 13 to rotate, the first winch 12 is used to retract or lower the first cable 12a, thereby changing the height of the box assembly in the longitudinal direction, such as Figures 1 to 2 The process is the process in which the box assembly moves in the longitudinal direction of the slope surface 22b.

[0040] While the box assembly is moving longitudinally, the sliding plate 14 must be operated to move simultaneously in the longitudinal direction. The screw mechanism is used to drive the sliding plate 14 to slide on the skateboard track 19, thereby driving the guide wheel 15 to move in the longitudinal direction. At the same time, the second motor 24 needs to run synchronously to retract or lower the second cable 27a to cooperate with the overall longitudinal movement of the box assembly.

[0041] S2, lateral movement

[0042] When the water level of the reservoir changes, it will also cause the length of the variable zone at the tail of the reservoir to change. At this time, the position of the deep water reservoir area will shorten or lengthen as the water level of the reservoir changes. The box assembly must move laterally to ensure that the emergent plants 3, floating plants 4, and submerged plants 5 are all in the deep water environment of the reservoir area, and provide suitable spawning and adhesion conditions for fish. Under this working condition, the winch devices at the upstream and downstream ends cooperate with each other. Specifically, by utilizing the cooperation of the second motors 24 at the upstream and downstream ends, the second winch 27 is driven to rotate, and the box assembly is moved laterally under the traction of the second cable 27a. As Figures 2 to 3 The process is the process of the box assembly moving laterally toward the downstream end. When the box assembly moves laterally, the first drive mechanism also moves synchronously on the ground rail 23. Similarly, a screw mechanism (not shown) can be provided on the ground rail 23 to drive the base 23a to move along the ground rail 23, thereby driving the first drive mechanism to move along the ground rail 23.

[0043] Combine Figures 1 to 3 As shown, there are multiple first motors 10, and the number of first rotating shafts 13 matches the number of first motors 10. Each first motor 10 is transmission-connected to a first rotating shaft 13 via a first coupling 11, and the axes of the multiple first rotating shafts 13 are collinearly arranged. The number of rows of housings 1 in the housing assembly is n, and the number of first capstans 12 is equal to the number n of rows of housings 1 in the housing assembly. A first capstan 12 is provided for each row of housings, and the first cable 12a on each first capstan 12 is connected to the housing 1 at the top of the row. Specifically, in this embodiment, there are six rows of housings 1 in the housing assembly, and therefore six first capstans 12 are provided. The purpose of using multiple first motors 10 is to increase the overall power of the first drive mechanism and ensure sufficient traction to drive the housing assembly up and down for longitudinal movement. Specifically, in this embodiment, there are three first motors 10 and three first rotating shafts 13, with two first capstans 12 provided on each first rotating shaft 13. The distance between two adjacent first winches 12 is equal to the distance between two rows of boxes on the box assembly. Each row of boxes 1 is provided with a first winch 12.

[0044] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 4As shown, the screw mechanism includes a third motor 18, a screw 17, and a screw nut. The third motor 18 is fixedly mounted on the sloped surface 22b. The upper and lower ends of the screw 17 are respectively mounted on the sloped surface 22b via bearing blocks 20. The screw 17 rotates in conjunction with the bearing blocks 20. The upper end of the screw 17 is transmission-connected to the third motor 18. The screw nut is mounted on the bottom surface of the sliding plate 14 (not shown) and transmits power in conjunction with the screw 17. By utilizing the third motor 18 to drive the screw 17, the screw 17 and the screw nut transmit power in conjunction with each other, thereby driving the sliding plate 14 to move on the slide track 19. In this embodiment, the slide track 19 is constructed of two bar-shaped columns with U-shaped grooves. The bar-shaped columns are mounted on the sloped surface 22b via support blocks 21. The U-shaped grooves of the two bar-shaped columns are arranged opposite to each other, and the sliding plate 14 slides within the U-shaped grooves of the two bar-shaped columns.

[0045] Combine Figure 1 As shown, the number of rows of boxes 1 in the box assembly is m; the number of second winches 27 is equal to the number of rows m of boxes 1 in the box assembly; and the number of guide wheels 15 provided on each sliding plate 14 is equal to the number of rows m of boxes 1 in the box assembly. Specifically, in this embodiment, the number of rows of boxes 1 in the box assembly is three, so three second winches 27 and three guide wheels 15 are provided. The second cable 27a on each second winch 27 passes around a guide wheel 15 and is connected to the box 1 in the corresponding row. This allows the lateral driving force to be distributed to each row of the box assembly, making the lateral traction force received by the entire box assembly more uniform.

[0046] In this embodiment, the multiple boxes 1 on the box assembly are distributed in a rectangular array, with m rows and n columns; specifically, 3 rows and 6 columns. The adjacent boxes 1 in each column are connected by a steel cable 6, and the adjacent boxes 1 in each row are also connected by a steel cable 6. By connecting the boxes 1 with the steel cables 6, an overall box assembly is formed. Figure 6 As shown, on the outer surface of the box body 1, there are lifting ears 9; the two ends of the steel cable 6 are connected to the lifting ears 9. The purpose of providing the lifting ears 9 is to facilitate the connection of the steel cable 6.

[0047] Combine Figure 5 、 Figure 7As shown, the longitudinal direction of the transverse rails 8 is parallel to the upstream and downstream directions of the reservoir bank slope; the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal rails 7 is parallel to the inclination direction of the slope surface 22b; both the transverse rails 8 and the longitudinal rails 7 have grooves 16; the grooves 16 at the intersection of the transverse rails 8 and the longitudinal rails 7 are interconnected; and universal wheels 2 are provided at the bottom of the box 1, which move within the grooves 16. Specifically, the spacing between two adjacent transverse rails 8 is equal to the spacing between two adjacent longitudinal rails 7; the transverse rails 8 and the longitudinal rails 7 are arranged in a crisscross pattern to form a square grid structure; four universal wheels 2 are provided at the bottom of each box 1, and the four universal wheels 2 are arranged in a rectangular pattern, with the spacing between two adjacent universal wheels 2 in each row and column equal to the spacing between two adjacent transverse rails 8. The purpose of providing four universal wheels 2 is to increase the stability of the movement of the box 1. When the box assembly needs to switch between longitudinal movement and lateral movement, the second motor 24 and the first motor 10 need to cooperate with each other so that the four universal wheels 2 are located at the intersection of the transverse rail 8 and the longitudinal rail 7 to change the movement direction of the box assembly. The universal wheels 2 can be used to realize the free switching of the box assembly between lateral movement and longitudinal movement.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An artificial fish spawning bed coordinated with the operation of a reservoir, comprising a reservoir bank slope having a horizontal top (22a) and an inclined slope surface (22b), characterized in that: A track assembly is provided on the slope surface (22b); a box assembly is provided on the track assembly; The track assembly comprises a plurality of transverse rails (8) arranged in parallel and spaced relation, and a plurality of longitudinal rails (7) arranged in parallel and spaced relation; the plurality of transverse rails (8) and the plurality of longitudinal rails (7) are arranged in a crisscross pattern; The box assembly comprises a plurality of boxes (1) arranged in a longitudinal and transverse manner, wherein a fish spawning matrix is ​​provided in each box (1); along the inclined direction of the slope surface (22b), in each row of boxes, emergent plants (3) are planted in the upper box (1), floating plants (4) are planted in the middle box (1), and submerged plants (5) are planted in the lower box (1); A first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism are provided on the bank slope for driving the box assembly to move along the longitudinal rail (7) and the transverse rail (8) respectively; Slide rails (19) are respectively provided at the upstream end and the downstream end of the slope surface (22b); the slide rails (19) are provided along the inclination direction of the slope surface (22b); a sliding plate (14) is provided on the slide rails (19); a guide wheel (15) is provided on the top surface of the sliding plate (14); a screw mechanism is provided on the slope surface (22b) for driving the sliding plate (14) to move on the slide rails (19); The second driving mechanism includes two groups of winch devices, each group of winch devices includes a second motor (24) and a second rotating shaft (25); the second motor (24) and the second rotating shaft (25) are connected to each other by a second coupling (26); a second winch (27) is provided on the second rotating shaft (25); a second cable (27a) is wound around the second winch (27); One set of winch devices is installed at the upstream end of the horizontal slope top (22a), and the second cable (27a) of the winch device is connected to the box assembly after passing around the guide wheel (15) at the upstream end; Another set of winch devices is installed at the downstream end of the horizontal slope top (22a), and the second cable (27a) of the winch device is connected to the box assembly after passing around the guide wheel (15) at the downstream end.

2. The artificial fish spawning bed coordinated with the reservoir operation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism comprises a first motor (10) and a first rotating shaft (13), the first rotating shaft (13) and the first motor (10) being connected in transmission via a first coupling (11), a first winch (12) being provided on the first rotating shaft (13); a first cable (12a) being wound around the first winch (12), an end of the first cable (12a) being connected to the box assembly; A ground rail (23) is provided on the horizontal slope top (22a) of the reservoir bank slope; the first motor (10) and the first rotating shaft (13) are both slidably mounted on the ground rail (23) via a base (23a); and the ground rail (23) is provided along the upstream and downstream directions of the reservoir bank slope.

3. The artificial fish spawning bed coordinated with the reservoir operation process as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple first motors (10), and the number of the first rotating shafts (13) is the same as the number of the first motors (10); each first motor (10) is connected to a first rotating shaft (13) through a first coupling (11), and the axes of the multiple first rotating shafts (13) are collinearly arranged; The number of rows of boxes (1) in the box assembly is n, and the number of the first winches (12) is equal to the number n of rows of boxes (1) in the box assembly; a first winch (12) is correspondingly provided for each row of boxes, and a first cable (12a) on the first winch (12) is connected to the box (1) at the top of the row.

4. The artificial fish spawning bed coordinated with the reservoir operation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw mechanism includes a third motor (18), a screw (17), and a screw nut; The third motor (18) is fixedly mounted on the slope surface (22b); The upper end and the lower end of the lead screw (17) are respectively mounted on the slope surface (22b) through a bearing seat (20); the lead screw (17) and the bearing seat (20) are rotatably matched; The upper end of the lead screw (17) is transmission-connected to the third motor (18); The lead screw nut is mounted on the bottom surface of the sliding plate (14) and cooperates with the lead screw (17) for transmission.

5. The artificial fish spawning bed coordinated with the reservoir operation process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The number of rows of boxes (1) in the box assembly is m; The number of the second winches (27) is equal to the number m of rows of boxes (1) in the box assembly; The number of guide wheels (15) provided on each sliding plate (14) is equal to the number m of rows of boxes (1) in the box assembly; The second cable (27a) on each second winch (27) passes around a guide wheel (15) and is connected to the box (1) of the corresponding row.

6. The artificial fish spawning bed coordinated with the reservoir operation process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple boxes (1) on the box assembly are distributed in a rectangular array, with m rows and n columns; two adjacent boxes (1) on each column are connected by a steel cable (6), and two adjacent boxes (1) on each row are also connected by a steel cable (6).

7. The artificial fish spawning bed coordinated with the reservoir operation process according to claim 6, characterized in that: Lifting ears (9) are provided on the outer surfaces of the box body (1); both ends of the steel cable (6) are connected to the lifting ears (9).

8. The artificial fish spawning bed coordinated with the reservoir operation process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The long direction of the transverse rail (8) is parallel to the upstream and downstream directions of the reservoir bank slope; the long direction of the longitudinal rail (7) is parallel to the inclination direction of the slope surface (22b); The transverse rail (8) and the longitudinal rail (7) are both provided with grooves (16); the grooves (16) at the intersection of the transverse rail (8) and the longitudinal rail (7) are connected to each other; A universal wheel (2) is provided at the bottom of the box (1), and the universal wheel (2) moves in the groove (16).

9. The artificial fish spawning bed coordinated with the reservoir operation process according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spacing between two adjacent transverse rails (8) is equal to the spacing between two adjacent longitudinal rails (7); the transverse rails (8) and the longitudinal rails (7) are arranged in a crisscross pattern to form a square grid structure; four universal wheels (2) are arranged at the bottom of each box (1), and the four universal wheels (2) are distributed in a rectangular shape, and the spacing between two adjacent universal wheels (2) in each row and each column is equal to the spacing between two adjacent transverse rails (8).

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