Preparation method of photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for preparing a photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: first, modifying the prepared mesoporous silica nanospheres, and then compounding them with a photothermal material and a photosensitive material to obtain a photothermal controllable deicing filler. The photothermal controllable deicing filler is then mixed with an organic solvent to form an inner and outer coating slurry. The inner and outer coating slurries are then cured by thermal spraying in sequence to obtain a photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating. The method of the present invention obtains good hydrophobic and photothermal properties by compositely modifying the mesoporous silica nanospheres. Furthermore, by coating the nanospheres with a photosensitive material, the color of the coating can be adjusted under high light intensity, reducing light energy absorption and reducing damage to the coating life. This method can solve the problems of poor hydrophobicity and short coating life of the anti-icing and deicing coatings prepared by the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of material surface coating preparation, and specifically relates to a method for preparing a photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating. Background Art

[0002] Currently, superhydrophobic coatings have unique non-wettability due to their special surface structure, which can effectively reduce the adhesion of water on the surface, thereby prolonging the freezing time. Therefore, they have good application potential in the field of anti-icing and de-icing. However, ice formation still occurs in harsh environments. Photothermal materials can convert clean and environmentally friendly solar energy into thermal energy, add it to the coating, and use photothermal reactions to remove the ice layer on the surface of the material, thereby achieving automatic de-icing of the material surface. Photosensitive materials change color under lighting conditions as the light intensity changes, thereby being able to regulate the response of the substrate itself to solar energy. Therefore, the combination of photothermal and photosensitive materials can achieve intelligent control of photothermal de-icing.

[0003] The Chinese patent "An anti-icing and de-icing coating with both photothermal and self-cleaning properties and its preparation method" (application number: CN202111033174.4, publication number: CN113667400A, publication date: 2021.11.19) discloses an anti-icing and de-icing coating with both photothermal and self-cleaning properties and its preparation method. First, CNTs and dodecylamine are added to HCl-Tris buffer for ultrasonic dispersion, and then dopamine is added, stirred for reaction, and centrifuged to obtain highly dispersed superhydrophobic PDA@CNTs; then, the above-mentioned modified carbon nanotubes are dispersed in an organic solution, and a thermosetting resin is added; finally, the above-mentioned coating is applied to the surface of the substrate by spraying or dipping, and a self-cleaning photothermal de-icing coating is obtained after curing. However, the coating is overheated under strong light and high temperature conditions in summer, which will affect the service life of the coating. In the paper "Preparation and Ice Melting Test of Photothermal Coatings for Composite Insulators," Zhang Yu et al. prepared photothermal coatings based on RTV, using FeMnCuO4, FeNiCuO4, and CuMnCrO4 as photothermal materials. However, after ice on the coating surface melts, ice can re-accumulate on the cable surface, significantly compromising cable safety. In the paper "Preparation and Performance Study of Polypyrrole Photothermal Superhydrophobic Multifunctional Anti-icing Coating," Liang Zhenyu et al. prepared a dual-layer anti-icing coating composed of a photothermal coating made from a polymerized polypyrrole solution and a polyurethane-based superhydrophobic coating made from a fluorosilicone resin and polyisocyanate. However, the coating's lifespan in complex environments needs to be improved. In the paper "Fabrication and Application of a New-Type Photothermal Conversion Nanocomposite Coating," An Yan et al. prepared a new nanocomposite coating based on an acrylic resin matrix, incorporating CuS nanoparticles and other nanomaterials capable of absorbing light in various infrared bands. However, its hydrophobic properties as a coating need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating, so as to solve the problems that the deicing coating prepared by the prior art has poor hydrophobic performance and short coating life under strong light and high temperature conditions.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a method for preparing a photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating, which is specifically as follows: first, the prepared mesoporous silica nanospheres are modified, and then compounded with photothermal materials and photosensitive materials to obtain photothermal regulated deicing fillers, and then the photothermal regulated deicing fillers are mixed with organic solvents to prepare inner and outer layer coating slurries, which are then cured by thermal spraying to obtain a photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating.

[0006] The present invention is also characterized in that:

[0007] Please follow the steps below to implement it:

[0008] Step 1, preparing a photothermal controlled deicing filler;

[0009] The silicon source material and the template agent are added into the organic solution, heated and stirred at 60°C to 90°C for 1 to 5 hours, washed, centrifuged, and dried to obtain mesoporous silica nanospheres; the obtained mesoporous silica nanospheres are uniformly dispersed in anhydrous ethanol, and then a silane coupling agent is dropped, heated and stirred until a uniform solution is obtained, and dried at 70°C to 100°C for 5 hours to 15 hours to obtain modified mesoporous silica nanospheres; the modified mesoporous silica nanospheres are uniformly dispersed in an HCl solution, polyaniline is added, heated and stirred at 50°C to 120°C for 1 hour to 5 hours, a photosensitive material is added, and heating and stirring are continued. After drying, a photothermal controlled deicing filler is obtained;

[0010] Step 2, preparing a photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing inner coating and a photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing outer coating;

[0011] Step 2.1, adding the photothermal controlled deicing filler obtained in step 1 to an organic solvent, and simultaneously adding a photosensitive material and ultrasonically forming a uniform slurry, and then mixing and stirring with a thermosetting resin and a curing agent to form a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer coating;

[0012] Step 2.2, adding the photothermal controlled deicing filler obtained in step 1 to an organic solvent, mixing evenly, and then adding a thermosetting resin and a curing agent and stirring to form a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer coating;

[0013] Step 3: evenly spray the photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing inner layer coating on the cable and solidify it, then spray the photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing outer layer coating, and after solidification, form a photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating on the cable surface.

[0014] In step 1, the volume ratio of the silicon source material, the template agent and the organic solution is 1:0.1 to 1:10 to 50; the mass ratio of the mesoporous silica nanospheres to anhydrous ethanol is 1:10 to 30; the mass ratio of the modified mesoporous silica nanospheres, polyaniline, the photosensitive material and HCl is 1:0.05 to 0.2:0.02 to 0.1:0.25 to 0.5.

[0015] In step 1, the silicon source material is any one or more of ethyltrimethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, n-propyltrimethoxysilane, and ethyl orthosilicate; the template agent is any one or more of n-octylamine, hexadecylamine, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and hexadecylhexamethylammonium bromide; and the organic solvent is any one or more of ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and dimethylformamide;

[0016] The silane coupling agent is any one or more of dichlorodimethylsilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and γ-propyltrimethoxysilane; the photosensitive material is any one or more of crystal violet lactone, 2-phenylamino-3-methyl-6-dibutylfluoran, bisphenol A, and α-naphthol.

[0017] In step 2.1, the mass ratio of the photothermal deicing filler, the photosensitive material and the organic solvent is 1:10~50:100~500; the mass ratio of the thermosetting resin, the curing agent and the slurry is 1:0.2~1:0.05~0.2.

[0018] In step 2.2, the mass ratio of the photothermal controlled deicing filler, the organic solvent, the thermosetting resin and the curing agent is 1:100-500:10-20:2-8.

[0019] In steps 2.1 and 2.2, the organic solvent is any one or more of ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, ethyl formate, and ethyl acetate; the thermosetting resin is any one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, and alkyd resin; the curing agent is any one or more of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, maleic anhydride, and phthalic anhydride; and the photosensitive material is any one or more of crystal violet lactone, 2-phenylamino-3-methyl-6-dibutylfluoran, bisphenol A, and α-naphthol.

[0020] In step 3, the spraying temperature is 200°C to 300°C, the spraying speed is 10 to 30 m / min, the spraying distance is 20 to 50 mm, the curing time is 30 min to 60 min, and the curing temperature is 50°C to 150°C.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the method of the present invention forms an anti-icing and de-icing composite coating on the surface of the cable that has photothermal and self-regulating light intensity response, and the coating has a double-layer structure. In the upper layer, heat energy is generated by the photothermal material to prevent ice from forming on the cable. At the same time, the photosensitive material realizes the regulation function of the coating on the absorption of light energy. When the light intensity increases, the color of the coating itself becomes lighter, reducing the absorption of light energy and reducing the heat energy generated by itself; conversely, when the light intensity decreases, the color becomes darker, and the absorption of light energy is enhanced. The coating will increase the heat energy generated by itself, thereby realizing the regulation of light energy. By increasing the content of photosensitive material in the lower layer, the utilization rate of heat energy of the coating is improved, which greatly enhances the service life of the cable and has important application prospects in the field of cable anti-icing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing composite coating prepared by the method of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure, 1. Photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing composite coating, 2. Cable substrate, 3. Photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing inner layer, 4. Photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing outer layer, 5. Photosensitive material, 6. Photothermal intelligent control deicing filler, 7. Modified silica nanospheres, 8. Photothermal material, 9. Photosensitive coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The preparation method of the photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating of the present invention comprises the following steps: first, modifying the prepared mesoporous silica nanospheres, then compounding them with photothermal materials and photosensitive materials to obtain photothermal regulated deicing fillers, and then mixing them with organic solvents to prepare inner and outer layer coating slurries. The photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating can be obtained after successive thermal spray curing.

[0026] Please follow the steps below to implement it:

[0027] Step 1, preparing a photothermal controlled deicing filler;

[0028] Add the silicon source material and template into the organic solution, heat and stir at 60℃~90℃ for 1~5h, wash, centrifuge, and dry to obtain mesoporous silica nanospheres; uniformly disperse the obtained mesoporous silica nanospheres in anhydrous ethanol, then drop the silane coupling agent, heat and stir until a uniform solution is obtained, and dry at 70℃~100℃ for 5h~15h to obtain modified mesoporous silica nanospheres. Uniformly disperse the modified mesoporous silica nanospheres in HCl solution, add polyaniline, heat and stir at 50℃~120℃ for 1h~5h, add the photosensitive material, continue heating and stirring, and dry to obtain the photothermal controlled deicing filler;

[0029] The volume ratio of the silicon source material, the template agent and the organic solution is 1:0.1 to 1:10 to 50;

[0030] The mass ratio of mesoporous silica nanospheres to anhydrous ethanol is 1:10-30;

[0031] The mass ratio of modified mesoporous silica nanospheres, polyaniline, photosensitive material and HCl is 1:0.05-0.2:0.02-0.1:0.25-0.5;

[0032] The silicon source material is any one or more of ethyltrimethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, n-propyltrimethoxysilane, and ethyl orthosilicate;

[0033] The template agent is any one or more of n-octylamine, hexadecylamine, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and hexadecylhexamethylammonium bromide;

[0034] The organic solvent is any one or more of ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and dimethylformamide;

[0035] The silane coupling agent is any one or more of dichlorodimethylsilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and γ-propyltrimethoxysilane;

[0036] The photosensitive material is any one or more of crystal violet lactone, 2-phenylamino-3-methyl-6-dibutylfluoran, bisphenol A, and α-naphthol.

[0037] During centrifugation, the speed is 7000-13000 r / min and the centrifugation time is 5-15 min;

[0038] Step 2, preparing a photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing inner coating and a photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing outer coating;

[0039] Step 2.1, adding the photothermal controlled deicing filler obtained in step 1 to an organic solvent, and simultaneously adding a photosensitive material and ultrasonically forming a uniform slurry, and then mixing and stirring with a thermosetting resin and a curing agent to form a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer coating;

[0040] The mass ratio of the photothermal controlled deicing filler, the photosensitive material and the organic solvent is 1:10-50:100-500;

[0041] The mass ratio of thermosetting resin, curing agent and slurry is 1:0.2 to 1:0.05 to 0.2;

[0042] The photosensitive material is any one or more of crystal violet lactone, 2-phenylamino-3-methyl-6-dibutylfluoran, bisphenol A, and α-naphthol;

[0043] Step 2.2, adding the photothermal controlled deicing filler obtained in step 1 to an organic solvent, mixing evenly, and then adding a thermosetting resin and a curing agent and stirring to form a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer coating;

[0044] The mass ratio of the photothermal controlled deicing filler, the organic solvent, the thermosetting resin and the curing agent is 1:100-500:10-20:2-8;

[0045] In steps 2.1 and 2.2, the organic solvent is any one or more of ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, ethyl formate, and ethyl acetate; the thermosetting resin is any one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, and alkyd resin; and the curing agent is any one or more of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, maleic anhydride, and phthalic anhydride;

[0046] Step 3: evenly spray the photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing inner coating on the cable and solidify it, then spray the photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing outer coating, and after solidification, form a photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating on the cable surface;

[0047] The spraying temperature is 200°C to 300°C, the spraying speed is 10 to 30 m / min, the spraying distance is 20 to 50 mm, the curing time is 30 min to 60 min, and the curing temperature is 50°C to 150°C.

[0048] The present invention's method for preparing a photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and de-icing composite coating achieves excellent hydrophobic and photothermal properties by compositely modifying mesoporous silica nanospheres. Furthermore, by coating the nanospheres with a photosensitive material, the coating's color can be adjusted under high light intensity, reducing light absorption and thus the damage to the coating's lifespan. This method addresses the poor hydrophobicity and short lifespan of existing anti-icing and de-icing coatings.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] 10 ml of methyltrimethoxysilane and 2 ml of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution were added to 200 ml of n-butanol and heated with stirring at 65°C for 3 hours. The mixture was rinsed with deionized water and centrifuged at 7500 rpm for 10 minutes. The mixture was then dried at 80°C for 7 hours to obtain mesoporous silica nanospheres. Subsequently, 10 g of the mesoporous silica nanospheres were dissolved in 100 ml of anhydrous ethanol, and dichlorodimethylsilane was added dropwise. The mixture was heated with stirring at 75°C for 3 hours, followed by drying at 90°C for 8 hours to obtain modified mesoporous silica nanospheres. 50 g of the modified mesoporous silica nanospheres were uniformly dispersed in 250 ml of HCl solution. 5 g of polyaniline was then added to the solution, heated with stirring at 60°C for 1.5 hours, and then 1.5 g of bisphenol A was added. Heating and stirring continued for another 1.5 hours, and the mixture was dried to obtain the photothermally controlled deicing filler.

[0051] 50g of photothermal controlled deicing filler and 100g of bisphenol A were added to 1000ml of 1-propanol, and ultrasonically formed a uniform slurry. 300g of the slurry was mixed with 3000g of epoxy resin and 1000g of ethylenediamine to obtain a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer coating; 50g of photothermal controlled deicing filler was added to 1000ml of 1-propanol, and ultrasonically formed a uniform slurry. 300g of the slurry was mixed with 3000g of epoxy resin and 1000g of ethylenediamine to obtain a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer layer coating.

[0052] At 200°C, the photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer coating was sprayed onto the cable surface at a spraying speed of 15m / min and a spraying distance of 20mm. After curing at 60°C for 30min, the photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer layer coating was sprayed onto the surface using the same spraying parameters. After curing for 30min, a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating was formed on the cable surface.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] 10 ml of methyltrimethoxysilane and 3 ml of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution were added to 300 ml of n-butanol and heated with stirring at 75°C for 2 hours. The mixture was rinsed with deionized water and centrifuged at 6500 rpm for 11 minutes. The mixture was then dried at 85°C for 8 hours to obtain mesoporous silica nanospheres. Subsequently, 10 g of the mesoporous silica nanospheres were dissolved in 200 ml of anhydrous ethanol, and dichlorodimethylsilane was added dropwise. The mixture was heated and stirred at 80°C for 3.5 hours, followed by drying at 80°C for 8.5 hours to obtain modified mesoporous silica nanospheres. 50 g of the modified mesoporous silica nanospheres were uniformly dispersed in 300 ml of HCl solution. 2.5 g of polyaniline was then added to the solution. After heating and stirring at 50°C for 1 hour, 1 g of bisphenol A was added, stirring continued for 1 hour, and drying was performed to obtain a photothermally controlled deicing filler.

[0055] 30g of photothermal controlled deicing filler and 120g of bisphenol A were added to 1500ml of 1-propanol, and ultrasonically formed a uniform slurry. 200g of the slurry was mixed with 3000g of epoxy resin and 1500g of ethylenediamine to obtain a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer coating; 30g of photothermal controlled deicing filler was added to 1500ml of 1-propanol, and ultrasonically formed a uniform slurry. 200g of the slurry was mixed with 3000g of epoxy resin and 1500g of ethylenediamine to obtain a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer layer coating.

[0056] At 220°C, the photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer coating was sprayed onto the cable surface while maintaining a spraying speed of 20m / min and a spraying distance of 30mm. After curing at 70°C for 40min, the photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer layer coating was sprayed onto the surface using the same spraying parameters. After curing for 40min, a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating was formed on the cable surface.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] 10 ml of methyltrimethoxysilane and 4 ml of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution were added to 400 ml of n-butanol and heated with stirring at 85°C for 3 hours. The mixture was rinsed with deionized water and centrifuged at 9000 rpm for 10 minutes. The mixture was then dried at 95°C for 7 hours to obtain mesoporous silica nanospheres. Subsequently, 10 g of the mesoporous silica nanospheres were dissolved in 150 ml of anhydrous ethanol, and dichlorodimethylsilane was added dropwise. The mixture was heated with stirring at 85°C for 4 hours, followed by drying at 75°C for 7 hours to obtain modified mesoporous silica nanospheres. 50 g of the modified mesoporous silica nanospheres were uniformly dispersed in 350 ml of HCl solution. 5 g of polyaniline was then added to the solution, heated with stirring at 65°C for 1.5 hours, and then 1.5 g of bisphenol A was added. Stirring was continued for 2 hours, and the mixture was dried to obtain the photothermally controlled deicing filler.

[0059] 40g of photothermal controlled deicing filler and 150g of bisphenol A were added to 2000ml of 1-propanol, and ultrasonically formed a uniform slurry. 400g of the slurry was mixed with 5000g of epoxy resin and 1250g of ethylenediamine to obtain a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer coating; 40g of photothermal controlled deicing filler was added to 2000ml of 1-propanol, and ultrasonically formed a uniform slurry. 400g of the slurry was mixed with 5000g of epoxy resin and 1250g of ethylenediamine to obtain a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer layer coating.

[0060] At 250°C, the photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer coating was sprayed onto the cable surface while maintaining a spraying speed of 25m / min and a spraying distance of 20mm. After curing at 80°C for 50min, the photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer layer coating was sprayed onto the surface using the same spraying parameters. After curing for 50min, a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating was formed on the cable surface.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] 10ml of methyltrimethoxysilane and 5ml of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution were added to 500ml of n-butanol and heated with stirring at 95°C for 4h. The mixture was rinsed with deionized water and centrifuged at 9500 rpm for 15min. The mixture was then dried at 85°C for 8h to obtain mesoporous silica nanospheres. Subsequently, 10g of the mesoporous silica nanospheres were dissolved in 400ml of anhydrous ethanol, and dichlorodimethylsilane was added dropwise. The mixture was heated with stirring at 95°C for 4h, followed by drying at 85°C for 8h to obtain modified mesoporous silica nanospheres. 50g of the modified mesoporous silica nanospheres were evenly dispersed in 450ml of HCl solution. 10g of polyaniline was then added to the solution. After heating and stirring at 75°C for 2h, 5g of bisphenol A was added, stirring continued for 2h, and drying was performed to obtain the photothermally controlled deicing filler.

[0063] 50g of photothermal controlled deicing filler and 200g of bisphenol A were added to 2500ml of 1-propanol, and ultrasonically formed a uniform slurry. 500g of the slurry was mixed with 8750g of epoxy resin and 3500g of ethylenediamine to obtain a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer coating; 50g of photothermal controlled deicing filler was added to 2500ml of 1-propanol, and ultrasonically formed a uniform slurry. 500g of the slurry was mixed with 8750g of epoxy resin and 3500g of ethylenediamine to obtain a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer layer coating.

[0064] At 280°C, the photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer coating was sprayed onto the cable surface at a spraying speed of 30m / min and a spraying distance of 40mm. After curing at 100°C for 60min, the photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer layer coating was sprayed onto the surface using the same spraying parameters. After curing for 60min, a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating was formed on the cable surface.

[0065] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing composite coating prepared by the method of the present invention, wherein the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing composite coating 1 includes a cable substrate 2, a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer 3 is coated on the cable substrate 2, a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer 3 is coated on a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer layer 4, the photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer 3 contains a photosensitive material 5 and a photothermal regulated deicing filler 6, the photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer layer 4 also contains a photothermal regulated deicing filler 6, the photothermal regulated deicing filler 6 includes modified silica nanospheres 7, the modified silica nanospheres 7 contain a photosensitive coating 9 outside, and the modified silica nanospheres 7 and the photosensitive coating 9 contain a photothermal material 8 between them.

[0066] Table 1 Comparison of the performance of the anti-icing coating and the photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing coating of the embodiment

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Table 1 is a performance comparison of the photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and de-icing coatings prepared by PVDF coating, polysiloxane coating and Examples 1-4. As can be seen from the table, the PVDF coating itself does not have photothermal properties, and the anti-icing effect is greatly reduced under extreme environments; the polysiloxane coating has a certain photothermal effect, but the heat generation capacity is poor, and the ice adhesion reaches 147kPa, and the anti-icing performance is poor. Compared with the above coatings, the coatings prepared in Examples 1-4 have strong photothermal and hydrophobic properties, which can greatly reduce the occurrence of icing, and the coatings are tested for strong / weak light irradiation at -5°C. It is found that the coatings can respond to different light intensities, regulate heat generation capacity, improve the coating's ability to protect wires and cables, and greatly increase the service life of wires and cables.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating, characterized in that: Specifically, the prepared mesoporous silica nanospheres are modified and then compounded with photothermal materials and photosensitive materials to obtain photothermal control deicing fillers. The photothermal control deicing fillers are then mixed with organic solvents to prepare inner and outer coating slurries. The inner and outer coatings are then thermally sprayed and cured in succession to obtain a photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating. The specific implementation is as follows: Step 1, preparing a photothermal controlled deicing filler; The silicon source material and the template agent are added into the organic solution, heated and stirred at 60°C to 90°C for 1 to 5 hours, washed, centrifuged, and dried to obtain mesoporous silica nanospheres; the obtained mesoporous silica nanospheres are uniformly dispersed in anhydrous ethanol, and then a silane coupling agent is dropped, heated and stirred until a uniform solution is obtained, and dried at 70°C to 100°C for 5 hours to 15 hours to obtain modified mesoporous silica nanospheres; the modified mesoporous silica nanospheres are uniformly dispersed in an HCl solution, polyaniline is added, heated and stirred at 50°C to 120°C for 1 hour to 5 hours, a photosensitive material is added, and heating and stirring are continued. After drying, a photothermal controlled deicing filler is obtained; Step 2, preparing a photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing inner coating and a photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing outer coating; Step 2.1, adding the photothermal controlled deicing filler obtained in step 1 to an organic solvent, and simultaneously adding a photosensitive material and ultrasonically forming a uniform slurry, and then mixing and stirring with a thermosetting resin and a curing agent to form a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing inner layer coating; Step 2.2, adding the photothermal controlled deicing filler obtained in step 1 to an organic solvent, mixing evenly, and then adding a thermosetting resin and a curing agent and stirring to form a photothermal superhydrophobic deicing outer coating; Step 3: evenly spray the photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing inner layer coating on the cable and solidify it, then spray the photothermal super-hydrophobic deicing outer layer coating, and after solidification, form a photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating on the cable surface.

2. The method for preparing the photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating according to claim 1, wherein: In step 1, the volume ratio of the silicon source material, the template agent and the organic solution is 1:0.1 to 1:10 to 50; the mass ratio of the mesoporous silica nanospheres to anhydrous ethanol is 1:10 to 30; and the mass ratio of the modified mesoporous silica nanospheres, polyaniline, the photosensitive material and HCl is 1:0.05 to 0.2:0.02 to 0.1:0.25 to 0.

5.

3. The method for preparing the photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating according to claim 1, wherein: In step 1, the silicon source material is any one or more of ethyltrimethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, n-propyltrimethoxysilane, and ethyl orthosilicate; the template agent is any one or more of n-octylamine, hexadecylamine, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and hexadecylhexamethylammonium bromide; and the organic solvent is any one or more of ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and dimethylformamide; The silane coupling agent is any one or more of dichlorodimethylsilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and γ-propyltrimethoxysilane; The photosensitive material is any one or more of crystal violet lactone, 2-phenylamino-3-methyl-6-dibutylfluoran, bisphenol A, and α-naphthol.

4. The method for preparing the photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating according to claim 1, wherein: In steps 2.1 and 2.2, the organic solvent is any one or more of ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, ethyl formate, and ethyl acetate; the thermosetting resin is any one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, and alkyd resin; the curing agent is any one or more of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, maleic anhydride, and phthalic anhydride; and the photosensitive material is any one or more of crystal violet lactone, 2-phenylamino-3-methyl-6-dibutylfluoran, bisphenol A, and α-naphthol.

5. The method for preparing the photothermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing and deicing composite coating according to claim 1, wherein: In step 3, the spraying temperature is 200° C. to 300° C., the spraying speed is 10 to 30 m / min, the spraying distance is 20 to 50 mm, the curing time is 30 to 60 minutes, and the curing temperature is 50 to 150° C.

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