An explosion-proof device for the air chamber of a circulating fluidized bed boiler

Abstract

The present invention provides an explosion-proof device for the air chamber of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which comprises: a boiler body including a furnace and an air chamber; a partition member that moves between the furnace and the air chamber; a blowing mechanism that communicates with the air chamber and supplies air to the air chamber; a combustible gas treatment mechanism including a combustion chamber, a concentration detector, a lighter, and an oxygen supply mechanism. The combustion chamber communicates with the air chamber, the concentration detector and the lighter are connected to each other and are respectively arranged in the combustion chamber, and the oxygen supply mechanism communicates with the combustion chamber. This application can reduce or even completely eliminate the potential hazard of gas explosion and improve the safety level of the boiler during use. Compared with existing related auxiliary equipment, this explosion-proof device for the air chamber of a circulating fluidized bed boiler has significant advantages such as low cost, good effect, continuous operation, and high controllability, and is a new type of explosion-proof device for the air chamber of a boiler with broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of boiler equipment, and particularly to an explosion-proof device for the air chamber of a circulating fluidized bed boiler. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of China's economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the society's demand for electricity has been growing continuously, driving the continuous innovation and development of power technologies. Especially in recent years, new energy power generation technologies represented by solar power generation and wind power generation have developed rapidly, bringing diversified changes to China's energy structure and power pattern. However, the intermittent and uncertain characteristics of new energy power generation technologies have put forward higher requirements for the flexible dispatching of the power grid.

[0003] Under this background, the circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler technology has become an important support for the consumption of new energy power generation due to its own characteristics such as large heat storage, good stable combustion effect at low load, and strong peak shaving ability. However, during the deep peak shaving or maintenance process of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, there are certain safety hazards in the traditional operation mode of smothering the fire and pressing the fire. Because during the process of smothering the fire and pressing the fire, the inside of the boiler is in an oxygen-deficient state, and a large amount of combustible gases such as carbon monoxide and methane will be generated. When the fire is started after the fire is pressed, these combustible gas mixtures flow through the air chamber which is poorly ventilated and relatively airtight. Once encountering a fire source, it is extremely easy to cause deflagration, resulting in a sudden increase in the pressure in a local area of the air chamber, thereby triggering an explosion accident.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively prevent the explosion accident of the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler during the process of smothering the fire and pressing the fire and improve the safety performance of the boiler has become one of the key concerns in the current industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] For this reason, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem of explosion hidden danger in the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler during the process of smothering the fire and starting the fire, and to provide an explosion-proof device for the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an explosion-proof device for the air chamber of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which includes: a boiler body, the boiler body includes a furnace and an air chamber; a partition member, the partition member moves between the furnace and the air chamber, and when the boiler body is put out of fire, the partition member isolates the furnace and the air chamber; a blowing mechanism, the blowing mechanism is connected to the air chamber and supplies air to the air chamber, the blowing mechanism includes an air supply pipeline, a gas guide pipeline and a blower, the air supply pipeline and the gas guide pipeline are respectively connected to the air chamber, and the air supply pipeline is connected to the blower, the gas guide pipeline is connected to the combustion chamber; a combustible gas treatment mechanism, the combustible gas treatment mechanism includes a combustion chamber, a concentration detector, a lighter and an oxygen supply mechanism, the combustion chamber is connected to the air chamber, the concentration detector and the lighter are connected to each other and are respectively arranged in the combustion chamber, the oxygen supply mechanism is connected to the combustion chamber; when the combustible gas inside the air chamber enters the combustion chamber, the concentration of the combustible gas in the combustion chamber is detected by the concentration detector, if the concentration of the combustible gas is lower than the preset explosion limit concentration, the lighter is turned on to burn the combustible gas and then discharge it; if the concentration of the combustible gas is not lower than the preset explosion limit concentration, the oxygen supply mechanism supplies oxygen to the inside of the combustion chamber until the concentration of the combustible gas inside the combustion chamber is lower than the preset explosion limit concentration, and then the lighter is turned on to burn the combustible gas and then discharge it.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present invention, the air supply pipeline includes an air chamber inlet valve; the gas guide pipeline includes a gas guide valve group.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the gas guide valve group includes a check valve and an air chamber exhaust valve, and the check valve and the air chamber exhaust valve are sequentially arranged on the gas guide pipeline along the gas flow direction.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the concentration detector is arranged in the upper half of the combustion chamber.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, the combustible gas treatment mechanism further includes an exhaust gas pipeline, and an exhaust valve is arranged on the exhaust gas pipeline.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen supply mechanism includes an oxygen supply pipeline and an oxygen supply machine, one end of the oxygen supply pipeline is connected to the combustion chamber, the other end is connected to the oxygen supply machine, and the oxygen supply machine is connected to the concentration detector.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen supply mechanism further includes a gas pressure detector, the gas pressure detector is arranged inside the combustion chamber and is connected to the oxygen supply machine.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, the preset explosion limit concentration is 12.5%.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the boiler body further includes a cyclone separator, and the cyclone separator is connected to the air chamber.

[0015] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0016] For the explosion-proof device of the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler of the present invention, gases such as carbon monoxide and methane with explosion risks are isolated in the air chamber through a baffle, and then the above gases are transported to the combustible gas treatment mechanism through a blowing mechanism, and through the mutual cooperation between the concentration detector and the oxygen supply mechanism, the combustible gas can be fully burned and consumed, thereby reducing or even completely eliminating the hidden danger of gas explosion and improving the safety level of the boiler during use. Compared with the existing related auxiliary equipment, the explosion-proof device of the air chamber of this circulating fluidized bed boiler has significant advantages such as low cost, good effect, continuous operation, and high controllability, and is a new type of explosion-proof device for the air chamber of the boiler with broad application prospects. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to make the content of the present invention easier to be clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below according to the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the explosion-proof device of the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings: 100, boiler body; 110, furnace; 120, air chamber; 130, cyclone separator; 200, baffle; 300, blowing mechanism; 310, blower; 320, air supply pipeline; 321, air chamber inlet valve; 330, gas guide pipeline; 331, gas guide valve group; 3311, check valve; 3312, air chamber exhaust valve; 400, combustible gas treatment mechanism; 410, combustion chamber; 420, concentration detector; 430, igniter; 440, exhaust pipeline; 441, exhaust valve; 450, oxygen supply mechanism; 451, oxygen supply pipeline; 452, oxygen supply valve; 453, air pressure detector; 454, oxygen supply machine. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and be able to implement it, but the embodiments cited do not limit the present invention. Embodiment

[0021] See Figure 1As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides an explosion-proof device for the air chamber 120 of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which includes: a boiler body 100, the boiler body 100 includes a furnace 110 and an air chamber 120; a partition member 200, the partition member 200 moves between the furnace 110 and the air chamber 120, when the boiler body 100 is in a fire-suppressed state, the partition member 200 isolates the furnace 110 and the air chamber 120; a blowing mechanism 300, the blowing mechanism 300 is communicated with the air chamber 120 and supplies air to the air chamber 120; a combustible gas treatment mechanism 400, the combustible gas treatment mechanism 400 includes a combustion chamber 410, a concentration detector 420, a lighter 430 and an oxygen supply mechanism 450, the combustion chamber 410 is communicated with the air chamber 120, the concentration detector 420 and the lighter 430 are connected to each other and are respectively arranged in the combustion chamber 410, the oxygen supply mechanism 450 is communicated with the combustion chamber 410; when the combustible gas inside the air chamber 120 enters the combustion chamber 410, the concentration detector 420 detects the concentration of the combustible gas in the combustion chamber 410, if the concentration of the combustible gas is lower than the preset explosion limit concentration, the lighter 430 is turned on to burn the combustible gas and then discharge it; if the concentration of the combustible gas is not lower than the preset explosion limit concentration, the oxygen supply mechanism 450 supplies oxygen to the inside of the combustion chamber 410 until the concentration of the combustible gas inside the combustion chamber 410 is lower than the preset explosion limit concentration, and then the lighter 430 is turned on to burn the combustible gas and then discharge it.

[0022] For the explosion-proof device for the air chamber 120 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler described in this embodiment, gases such as carbon monoxide and methane that pose an explosion risk are isolated in the air chamber 120 by the partition member 200, and then the above gases are transported to the combustible gas treatment mechanism 400 by the blowing mechanism 300, and through the mutual cooperation between the concentration detector 420 and the oxygen supply mechanism 450, the combustible gas can be fully burned and consumed, thereby reducing or even completely eliminating the potential gas explosion hazard and improving the safety level of the boiler during use. Compared with the existing related auxiliary equipment, this explosion-proof device for the air chamber 120 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler has significant advantages such as low cost, good effect, continuous operation, and high controllability, and is a new type of explosion-proof device for the air chamber 120 of the boiler with broad application prospects.

[0023] See Figure 1As shown, the furnace 110 is arranged above the wind chamber 120, and the two are mutually connected split-type structures. The boiler body 100 also includes a cyclone separator 130, and the cyclone separator 130 is connected to the wind chamber 120. In this embodiment, the cyclone separator 130 is used to separate the fly ash and gas generated by the combustion of the boiler, improve the flue gas purification efficiency, and reduce pollutant emissions. After the boiler is ignited, a large amount of carbon monoxide, methane and other gases accumulate inside the wind chamber 120. Therefore, the present application separates the furnace 110 and the wind chamber 120 after ignition through the baffle 200, so as to transport and process the combustible gas in the wind chamber 120 in a targeted manner. Further, the baffle 200 in this embodiment is preferably a baffle, which can be plugged between the wind chamber 120 and the furnace 110. Specifically, the present invention does not make specific restrictions on the specific movement method of the baffle. It can be manually transported or externally connected to a mobile device to improve its automation.

[0024] In this embodiment, the blowing mechanism 300 includes an air supply pipeline 320, an air guide pipeline 330 and a blower 310. The air supply pipeline 320 and the air guide pipeline 330 are respectively connected to the wind chamber 120, and the air supply pipeline 320 is connected to the blower 310, and the air guide pipeline 330 is connected to the combustion chamber 410. The air supply pipeline 320 and the air guide pipeline 330 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the wind chamber 120, so that the gas can flow in a straight line, thereby maximizing the gas flow rate and efficiency. Specifically, after the blower 310 is started, air can flow into the wind chamber 120 along the air supply pipeline 320, and then carry the combustible gas inside the wind chamber 120 out along the air guide pipeline 330, thereby achieving the purpose of combustible gas transmission. Further, the air supply pipeline 320 includes an air chamber intake valve 321, so that the operator can adjust the flow of the blower 310 through the air chamber intake valve 321, thereby making the device applicable to different working conditions. Accordingly, the air guide pipeline 330 includes an air guide valve group 331, specifically, the air guide valve group 331 includes a check valve 3311 and an air chamber exhaust valve 3312, and the check valve 3311 and the air chamber exhaust valve 3312 are sequentially arranged on the air guide pipeline 330 along the gas flow direction. In this embodiment, the check valve 3311 and the air chamber exhaust valve 3312 can both realize the flow regulation of the gas supply inside the air guide pipeline 330, wherein the air chamber exhaust valve 3312 is an electrically controlled valve, which is used to realize the main regulation function, and the check valve 3311 is a manually controlled valve, which can be used as a backup valve body to prevent the air guide valve group 331 from failing when there is a hidden danger of failure in the air chamber exhaust valve 3312.

[0025] In this embodiment, the combustible gas treatment mechanism 400 is used to centrally combust combustible waste gas and discharge it after it becomes an inert gas without explosion hazard. Based on the fact that the densities of the combustible gases (such as carbon monoxide and methane) in this embodiment are all less than that of air, under normal conditions, it is easier for them to accumulate in the upper part of the combustion chamber 410. Therefore, in this application, the concentration detector 420 is arranged in the upper half of the combustion chamber 410 to facilitate real-time detection of the upper limit of the concentration of combustible gas. Specifically, since the lower explosion limit of carbon monoxide is 12.5% and the methane content is extremely small and can be ignored here, the preset explosion limit concentration in this embodiment is 12.5%. In this embodiment, when the concentration detector 420 detects that the concentration of combustible gas is below the preset explosion limit, it means that it can be safely ignited. Therefore, it can be ignited and discharged through the igniter 430. When the concentration detector 420 detects that the concentration of combustible gas is not below the preset explosion limit, it means that it cannot be safely ignited. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the concentration in the combustion chamber 410 through the oxygen supply mechanism 450 so that the concentration of combustible gas inside it is reduced below the preset explosion limit and then ignited and discharged. Further, the combustible gas treatment mechanism 400 in this embodiment further includes an exhaust pipe 440, and an exhaust valve 441 is provided on the exhaust pipe 440, whereby it is possible to facilitate the control of the exhaust volume and exhaust speed inside the combustion chamber 410. The present invention does not limit the specific type of the exhaust valve 441.

[0026] In this embodiment, the oxygen supply mechanism 450 includes an oxygen supply pipe 451 and an oxygen supply machine 454. One end of the oxygen supply pipe 451 is communicated with the combustion chamber 410, and the other end is connected to the oxygen supply machine 454. The oxygen supply machine 454 is connected to the concentration detector 420. In the actual use process, on the one hand, the combustion of combustible gas will affect the internal air pressure of the combustion chamber 410. On the other hand, inert gases such as carbon dioxide that hinder ignition are also easily generated during the combustion process. Therefore, the oxygen supply mechanism 450 can balance the air pressure and provide a combustible environment while adjusting the concentration of combustible gas inside the combustion chamber 410. Specifically, the oxygen supply machine 454 and the concentration detector 420 are signal-connected, whereby it is possible to automatically supply oxygen when the concentration of combustible gas is too high, thereby maximizing its degree of automation. Similarly, a gas supply valve 452 is also provided on the oxygen supply pipe 451. Further, the oxygen supply mechanism 450 further includes a pressure detector 453. The pressure detector 453 is arranged inside the combustion chamber 410 and is connected to the oxygen supply machine 454. Based on this, the oxygen supply machine 454 can also automatically adjust the internal air pressure of the combustion chamber 410 through the pressure detector 453.

[0027] The following describes the use process of the explosion-proof device for the air chamber 120 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler in this embodiment:

[0028] After the boiler is put out of fire, the operator needs to separate the furnace chamber 110 from the air chamber 120 through the partition member 200. Then, the blowing mechanism 300 is started to make the combustible gas inside the air chamber 120 flow to the combustible gas treatment mechanism 400. Next, the concentration detector 420 detects the concentration of the combustible gas inside the combustion chamber 410 in real time. When the concentration reaches the standard that can be ignited and processed, the igniter 430 ignites the gas. During the combustion process, the air pressure detector 453 and the concentration detector 420 cooperate with each other, so as to maintain the continuous combustion of the combustible gas through the oxygen supply mechanism 450. Finally, the gas with explosion risk is converted into inert gas and discharged through the exhaust pipeline 440.

[0029] In summary, for the explosion-proof device of the air chamber 120 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler described in this embodiment, the gases with explosion risk such as carbon monoxide and methane are isolated in the air chamber 120 through the partition member 200. Then, the above-mentioned gases are transported to the combustible gas treatment mechanism 400 through the blowing mechanism 300, and through the mutual cooperation between the concentration detector 420 and the oxygen supply mechanism 450, the combustible gas can be fully combusted and consumed, thereby reducing or even completely eliminating the potential gas explosion hazard and improving the safety level of the boiler during use. Compared with the existing related auxiliary equipment, the explosion-proof device of the air chamber 120 of this circulating fluidized bed boiler has significant advantages such as low cost, good effect, continuous operation, and high controllability. It is a new type of explosion-proof device for the air chamber 120 of the boiler with broad application prospects.

[0030] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples clearly described and not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof device for the air chamber of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, characterized in that: Comprising: A boiler body, the boiler body including a furnace and an air chamber; A partition member, the partition member moving between the furnace and the air chamber, and when the boiler body is put out of fire, the partition member isolates the furnace and the air chamber; A combustible gas treatment mechanism, the combustible gas treatment mechanism including a combustion chamber, a concentration detector, a lighter, and an oxygen supply mechanism, the combustion chamber communicating with the air chamber, the concentration detector and the lighter being connected to each other and respectively disposed in the combustion chamber, the oxygen supply mechanism communicating with the combustion chamber; A blowing mechanism, the blowing mechanism communicating with the air chamber and supplying air to the air chamber, the blowing mechanism including an air supply pipeline, a gas guiding pipeline, and a blower, the air supply pipeline and the gas guiding pipeline respectively communicating with the air chamber, and the air supply pipeline communicating with the blower, the gas guiding pipeline communicating with the combustion chamber; When the combustible gas inside the air chamber enters the combustion chamber, the concentration detector detects the concentration of the combustible gas in the combustion chamber; If the concentration of the combustible gas is lower than the preset explosion limit concentration, the lighter is turned on to burn the combustible gas and then discharge it; If the concentration of the combustible gas is not lower than the preset explosion limit concentration, the oxygen supply mechanism supplies oxygen to the inside of the combustion chamber until the concentration of the combustible gas inside the combustion chamber is lower than the preset explosion limit concentration, and then the lighter is turned on to burn the combustible gas and then discharge it.

2. The explosion-proof device for the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply pipeline includes an air chamber inlet valve; the gas guiding pipeline includes a gas guiding valve group.

3. The explosion-proof device for the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas guiding valve group includes a check valve and an air chamber exhaust valve, and the check valve and the air chamber exhaust valve are sequentially disposed on the gas guiding pipeline along the gas flow direction.

4. The explosion-proof device for the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration detector is disposed in the upper half of the combustion chamber.

5. The explosion-proof device for the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustible gas treatment mechanism further includes an exhaust pipeline, and an exhaust valve is provided on the exhaust pipeline.

6. The explosion-proof device for the air chamber of a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen supply mechanism includes an oxygen supply pipeline and an oxygen supply machine, one end of the oxygen supply pipeline communicating with the combustion chamber, the other end connecting the oxygen supply machine, and the oxygen supply machine connecting the concentration detector.

7. The explosion-proof device for the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, wherein: The oxygen supply mechanism further includes a pressure detector, the pressure detector being disposed inside the combustion chamber and connecting the oxygen supply machine.

8. The explosion-proof device for the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset explosion limit concentration is 12.5%.

9. The explosion-proof device for the air chamber of a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, wherein: The boiler body further includes a cyclone separator, and the cyclone separator is connected to the air chamber.

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