A method for preparing erucic acid amide

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method of erucic acid amide. The preparation method of the erucic acid amide comprises the following steps: adding erucic acid and a solid catalyst into a reaction kettle, heating to 160-180 DEG C, then passing in ammonia, cooling to 100-130 DEG C after reacting for 4-8 hours, removing the solid catalyst by filtration, and obtaining the erucic acid amide. The method uses erucic acid and ammonia as raw materials, and uses a solid catalyst prepared by a novel method to prepare the erucic acid amide. The solid catalyst prepared by the novel method can be added into the reaction kettle together with the erucic acid before the reaction, and the erucic acid amide can be prepared under normal pressure. The method avoids the defects of the prior art, such as the need of adding a catalyst during the reaction and the need of preparing the erucic acid amide under high pressure, improves the production convenience, and is beneficial to large-scale industrial production.

Description

A method for preparing erucamide Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compound preparation technology, and specifically to a method for preparing erucamide. Background Technology

[0002] Erucamide, an important derivative of erucic acid, is a widely used fine chemical product. Due to its high melting point and good thermal stability, it is widely used as an anti-sticking agent and slip agent for various plastics and resins.

[0003] Chinese invention patent 202111368330.2 discloses a liquid-phase catalyst and a method for synthesizing erucic acid amide using liquid-phase catalysis. The liquid-phase catalyst is composed of butyl silicate, polybutyl titanate, and polyethylene glycol (PEG200-800). The synthesis method is as follows: A) First, butyl silicate is heated, then polybutyl titanate and polyethylene glycol are added, the temperature is maintained, and the mixture is stirred and mixed under vacuum. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture is filtered to obtain the finished liquid-phase catalyst, which is then sealed and stored. B) The liquid-phase catalyst is continuously and uniformly added to a reactor (or vessel) for the amidation reaction of erucic acid and ammonia using a metering pump to obtain erucic acid amide. Compared with existing solid catalysts, this method reduces the reaction temperature and pressure, and shortens the reaction time.

[0004] Although the synthesis method of erucamide disclosed in Chinese invention patent 202111368330.2 has many advantages, it requires the addition of a catalyst after a certain reaction period and the continuous addition of the catalyst using a metering pump, which is inconvenient in actual industrial production and needs further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing octadecyl oleamide.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for preparing erucic acid amide includes the following steps: adding erucic acid and a solid catalyst into a reaction vessel, heating to 160-180°C, then introducing ammonia gas, reacting for 4-8 hours, cooling to 100-130°C, filtering to remove the solid catalyst, and then obtaining the erucic acid amide.

[0008] This invention provides a novel preparation method that uses erucic acid and ammonia as raw materials and a solid catalyst prepared by a novel method to prepare erucic acid amide. The solid catalyst prepared by this novel method can be added to the reaction vessel together with erucic acid before the reaction, and the reaction can be carried out under normal pressure to prepare erucic acid amide.

[0009] Preferably, the weight ratio of erucic acid to solid catalyst is 100:1 to 3.

[0010] More preferably, the weight ratio of erucic acid to solid catalyst is 100:1.5.

[0011] Preferably, the flow rate of ammonia is 0.1 to 0.5 L / min.

[0012] Preferably, the flow rate of ammonia is 0.2 to 0.4 L / min.

[0013] Preferably, the solid catalyst is prepared by the following method:

[0014] (1) Add zeolite powder to water and disperse it by ultrasonication to obtain zeolite powder dispersion;

[0015] (2) Add nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride and molybdenum pentachloride to the zeolite powder dispersion and stir until uniform. Then add sodium carbonate and stir for 1-2 hours. After stirring, separate the solid.

[0016] (3) The solid is calcined at 1000-1200℃ for 2-3 hours, and the solid catalyst is obtained after calcination.

[0017] Preferably, in step (1), the weight ratio of zeolite powder to water is 2-3 kg: 10-20 L.

[0018] Most preferably, the ratio of zeolite powder to water in step (1) is 2 kg: 15 L.

[0019] Preferably, in step (2), the ratio of the amount of zeolite powder dispersion to nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride, molybdenum pentachloride and sodium carbonate is 10-20L: 50-70g: 100-130g: 130-150g: 300-400g.

[0020] Most preferably, in step (2), the ratio of the amount of zeolite powder dispersion to nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride, molybdenum pentachloride and sodium carbonate is 15L:65g:125g:135g:350g.

[0021] Preferably, an auxiliary agent is also added in step (2);

[0022] The ratio of zeolite powder dispersion to additives is 10-20 L: 100-200 g.

[0023] Most preferably, the ratio of zeolite powder dispersion to additive is 10-20 L: 150 g.

[0024] Preferably, the adjuvant is selected from octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide or cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0025] The inventors made a surprising discovery during their research: adding octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide or cocamidopropyl betaine to the solid catalyst preparation process can further improve the yield of erucamide.

[0026] More preferably, the adjuvant is composed of octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide and cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0027] Preferably, the weight ratio of octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide to cocamidopropyl betaine is 1-3:1-3.

[0028] Most preferably, the weight ratio of octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide to cocamidopropyl betaine is 2:1.

[0029] The inventors discovered that while adding a single octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide or a single cocamidopropyl betaine to the solid catalyst preparation step could further improve the yield of erucic acid amide, the improvement was not significant. Further research revealed a surprising discovery: adding an auxiliary agent composed of octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide and cocamidopropyl betaine to the solid catalyst preparation step could synergistically improve the yield of erucic acid amide; the improvement was significantly greater than that achieved by adding only a single octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide or a single cocamidopropyl betaine to the solid catalyst.

[0030] Preferably, in step (3), the solid is calcined at 1100°C for 2.5 hours.

[0031] Beneficial Effects: This invention provides a novel preparation method using erucic acid and ammonia as raw materials, employing a novel solid catalyst to prepare erucic acid amide. The solid catalyst prepared by this novel method can be added to the reaction vessel along with erucic acid before the reaction, and the reaction can be carried out under normal pressure to prepare erucic acid amide. This method avoids the shortcomings of existing technologies that require the addition of a catalyst during the reaction process and the need for high-pressure reaction to prepare erucic acid amide, improving the convenience of production and facilitating large-scale industrial production. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] This embodiment provides a method for preparing erucic acid amide, which includes the following steps: adding erucic acid and a solid catalyst into a reaction vessel, heating to 175°C, then introducing ammonia gas at 0.3 L / min, reacting for 6 hours, cooling to 12°C, filtering to remove the solid catalyst, and then obtaining the erucic acid amide.

[0035] The weight ratio of erucic acid to solid catalyst is 100:1.5.

[0036] The solid catalyst was prepared by the following method:

[0037] (1) Add zeolite powder to water and disperse it by ultrasonication to obtain a zeolite powder dispersion; wherein the ratio of zeolite powder to water is 2kg:15L.

[0038] (2) Add nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride and molybdenum pentachloride to the zeolite powder dispersion and stir evenly. Then add sodium carbonate and stir for 1.5 h. After stirring, separate the solid. The ratio of the amount of zeolite powder dispersion to nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride, molybdenum pentachloride and sodium carbonate is 15 L: 65 g: 125 g: 135 g: 350 g.

[0039] (3) The solid was calcined at 1100℃ for 2.5h, and the solid catalyst was obtained after calcination.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] This embodiment provides a method for preparing erucic acid amide, which includes the following steps: adding erucic acid and a solid catalyst into a reaction vessel, heating to 175°C, then introducing ammonia gas at 0.3 L / min, reacting for 6 hours, cooling to 12°C, filtering to remove the solid catalyst, and then obtaining the erucic acid amide.

[0042] The weight ratio of erucic acid to solid catalyst is 100:1.5.

[0043] The solid catalyst was prepared by the following method:

[0044] (1) Add zeolite powder to water and disperse it by ultrasonication to obtain a zeolite powder dispersion; wherein the ratio of zeolite powder to water is 2kg:15L.

[0045] (2) Add nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride, molybdenum pentachloride, and additives to the zeolite powder dispersion and stir until homogeneous. Then add sodium carbonate and stir for 1.5 hours. After stirring, separate the solid. The ratio of the amount of zeolite powder dispersion to nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride, molybdenum pentachloride, and sodium carbonate is 15L:65g:125g:135g:350g; the ratio of the amount of zeolite powder dispersion to additives is 15L:150g; the additives are selected from octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide.

[0046] (3) The solid was calcined at 1100℃ for 2.5h, and the solid catalyst was obtained after calcination.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] This embodiment provides a method for preparing erucic acid amide, which includes the following steps: adding erucic acid and a solid catalyst into a reaction vessel, heating to 175°C, then introducing ammonia gas at 0.3 L / min, reacting for 6 hours, cooling to 12°C, filtering to remove the solid catalyst, and then obtaining the erucic acid amide.

[0049] The weight ratio of erucic acid to solid catalyst is 100:1.5.

[0050] The solid catalyst was prepared by the following method:

[0051] (1) Add zeolite powder to water and disperse it by ultrasonication to obtain a zeolite powder dispersion; wherein the ratio of zeolite powder to water is 2kg:15L.

[0052] (2) Add nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride, molybdenum pentachloride, and additives to the zeolite powder dispersion and stir until homogeneous. Then add sodium carbonate and stir for 1.5 hours. After stirring, separate the solid. The ratio of the amount of zeolite powder dispersion to nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride, molybdenum pentachloride, and sodium carbonate is 15L:65g:125g:135g:350g; the ratio of the amount of zeolite powder dispersion to additives is 15L:150g; the additives are selected from cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0053] (3) The solid was calcined at 1100℃ for 2.5h, and the solid catalyst was obtained after calcination.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] This embodiment provides a method for preparing erucic acid amide, which includes the following steps: adding erucic acid and a solid catalyst into a reaction vessel, heating to 175°C, then introducing ammonia gas at 0.3 L / min, reacting for 6 hours, cooling to 12°C, filtering to remove the solid catalyst, and then obtaining the erucic acid amide.

[0056] The weight ratio of erucic acid to solid catalyst is 100:1.5.

[0057] The solid catalyst was prepared by the following method:

[0058] (1) Add zeolite powder to water and disperse it by ultrasonication to obtain a zeolite powder dispersion; wherein the ratio of zeolite powder to water is 2kg:15L.

[0059] (2) Add nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride, molybdenum pentachloride and additives to the zeolite powder dispersion and stir evenly. Then add sodium carbonate and stir for 1.5 h. After stirring, separate the solid. The ratio of the amount of zeolite powder dispersion to nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride, molybdenum pentachloride and sodium carbonate is 15 L: 65 g: 125 g: 135 g: 350 g; the ratio of the amount of zeolite powder dispersion to additives is 15 L: 150 g; the additives are composed of octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide and cocamidopropyl betaine in a weight ratio of 2:1.

[0060] (3) The solid was calcined at 1100℃ for 2.5h, and the solid catalyst was obtained after calcination.

[0061] Table 1. Yield of erucamide prepared by the method of the present invention

[0062] The yields of erucamide were as follows: Example 1: 72.3%; Example 2: 78.5%; Example 3: 80.6%; Example 4: 95.4%. surface

[0063] As can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1, although the erucamide preparation method described in Example 1 can produce erucamide, its yield is only 72.3%, which needs to be further improved.

[0064] As can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1, the yield of erucic acid amide prepared by the methods described in Examples 2 and 3 was further improved compared with that prepared by the method described in Example 1. This indicates that the solid catalyst prepared by adding octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide or cocamidopropyl betaine in the solid catalyst preparation step can further improve the yield of erucic acid amide.

[0065] As can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1, the erucic acid amide prepared by the method described in Example 4 has a significantly higher yield than that obtained in Example 1; its yield is also significantly higher than that prepared by the methods described in Examples 2 and 3. This indicates that, in the solid catalyst preparation step, adding a single octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide or a single cocamidopropyl betaine can further improve the yield of erucic acid amide, but the improvement is not significant; only by adding a solid catalyst prepared by an auxiliary composed of octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide and cocamidopropyl betaine can the yield of erucic acid amide be significantly improved. In the solid catalyst preparation step, adding a solid catalyst prepared by an auxiliary composed of octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide and cocamidopropyl betaine can synergistically improve the yield of erucic acid amide; its improvement on the yield of erucic acid amide is significantly higher than that of solid catalysts prepared by adding only a single octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide or a single cocamidopropyl betaine.

Claims

1. A method for preparing erucamide, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: erucic acid and a solid catalyst are added to a reaction vessel, heated to 160-180°C, then ammonia is introduced, and after reacting for 4-8 hours, the temperature is lowered to 100-130°C and the solid catalyst is removed by filtration to obtain the erucic acid amide; the solid catalyst is prepared by the following method: (1) zeolite powder is added to water and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a zeolite powder dispersion; (2) nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride and molybdenum pentachloride are added to the zeolite powder dispersion and stirred evenly, then sodium carbonate is added and stirred for 1-2 hours, and the solid is separated after stirring; (3) the solid is calcined at 1000-1200°C for 2-3 hours, and the solid catalyst is obtained after calcination; an auxiliary agent is also added in step (2); the auxiliary agent is a combination of octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide and cocamidopropyl betaine; the weight ratio of octadecyl dihydroxyethylamine oxide and cocamidopropyl betaine is 1-3:1-3.

2. The method for preparing erucamide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of erucic acid to solid catalyst is 100:1~3.

3. The method for preparing erucamide according to claim 2, characterized in that, The weight ratio of erucic acid to solid catalyst is 100:1.

5.

4. The method for preparing erucamide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow rate of ammonia is 0.1~0.5 L / min.

5. The method for preparing erucamide according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flow rate of ammonia is 0.2~0.4 L / min.

6. The method for preparing erucamide according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the weight-to-volume ratio of zeolite powder to water is 2~3kg:10~20L.

7. The method for preparing erucamide according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the ratio of the amount of zeolite powder dispersion to nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride, molybdenum pentachloride and sodium carbonate is 10~20L:50~70g:100~130g:130~150g:300~400g.

8. The method for preparing erucamide according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the ratio of the amount of zeolite powder dispersion to nickel chloride, neodymium trichloride, molybdenum pentachloride and sodium carbonate is 15L:65g:125g:135g:350g.

9. The method for preparing erucamide according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step (3) Calcine the solid at 1100℃ for 2.5h.