Air suction air curtain type hole belt seed metering device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of seeding, and particularly discloses an air-suction air-curtain type hole belt seed-metering device for realizing single-grain precision seed-metering of non-circular seeds. The seed-metering device comprises a rack, a transmission mechanism, an air-suction seed-filling mechanism, an air-knife seed-cleaning mechanism, an air-suction seed-carrying mechanism and an air-blowing seed-cleaning mechanism; the transmission mechanism comprises a stepping motor, a driving sprocket, a chain, a driven sprocket, a driving roller, an upper driven roller, a lower driven roller and a hole belt; the air-suction seed-filling mechanism comprises a seed box, a seed box connecting plate, an air-suction seed-filling shell and a seed-filling flow guide plate; the air-knife seed-cleaning mechanism comprises an air-knife support and an air-knife; the air-suction seed-carrying mechanism comprises an air-suction seed-carrying shell and a seed-carrying flow guide plate; and the air-blowing seed-cleaning mechanism comprises an air-blowing seed-cleaning shell and an air-blowing flow guide plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seeding device technology, specifically to an air-suction curtain type perforated seed metering device. Background Technology

[0002] Seed metering devices separate and quantify seeds, a process of breaking down large quantities into smaller ones and achieving seed distribution; this is the initial stage in which seeds acquire sowing properties. Achieving precision sowing of single seeds can reduce seed usage and significantly lower seed costs. Currently, seed metering devices generally suffer from significant seed damage and low single-seed dispensing rates. For example, Chinese invention patent application "A Belt Seed Meter" (application number: 200810150293.6) and utility model patent application "Triangular Belt Rice Seedling Dispenser" (application number: 199920055719.5) exhibit low single-seed dispensing rates and significant seed damage from brush cleaning. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide an air-suction curtain type perforated seed metering device.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A type of air-suction air curtain seed metering device includes a frame 1, a transmission mechanism 2, an air-suction seed filling mechanism 3, an air knife seed cleaning mechanism 4, an air-suction seed carrying mechanism 5, and an air-blowing seed cleaning mechanism 6.

[0006] The frame 1 includes a horizontal frame 101, a first column 103, a second column 106, a third column 107, and a side plate 104; the two first columns 103, the two second columns 106, and the two third columns 107 are sequentially fixed to the left and right longitudinal beams of the horizontal frame 101; a side plate 104 is fixed to the second column 106 and the third column 107 of the left longitudinal beam and the second column 106 and the third column 107 of the right longitudinal beam.

[0007] The transmission mechanism 2 includes a stepper motor 201, a drive sprocket 202, a chain 203, a driven sprocket 204, a drive roller 205, an upper driven roller 206, a lower driven roller 207, and a perforated belt 208.

[0008] The lower driven roller 207 and the driving roller 205 are mounted on the front and rear of the horizontal frame 101 via bearing seats, and the upper driven roller 206 is mounted on the upper part of the third column 107 via bearing seats; the perforated belt 208 is sleeved on the driving roller 205, the lower driven roller 207 and the upper driven roller 206; the stepper motor 201 is fixed to the rear of the horizontal frame 101 via a stepper motor seat 105; the driving sprocket 202 is fixed to the output shaft of the stepper motor 201; the driven sprocket 204 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the driving roller 205; and the chain 203 is sleeved on the driving sprocket 202 and the driven sprocket 204.

[0009] The outer surface of the perforated band 208 is uniformly provided with a plurality of perforations 208-1 for accommodating non-circular seeds, and each perforation 208-1 has a through air hole 208-2 in the center.

[0010] The air-suction seed filling device 3 includes a seed box 302, a seed box connecting plate 305, an air-suction seed filling shell 306, and a seed filling guide plate 307. The seed box 302 is fixedly mounted at an adjustable angle on the first column 103 and the second column 106, located above the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207. The plane where the seed discharge port of the seed box 302 is located is parallel to the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207, and the distance between the plane where the seed discharge port of the seed box 302 is located and the perforated strip 208 is less than the seed particle size. The seed filling guide plate 307 is installed on the top of the air-suction seed filling shell 306, and together with the air-suction seed filling shell 306, they form an air-suction seed filling chamber. The air-suction seed filling chamber is located between the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207. Below the perforated band 208, the air-suction seed filling shell 306 is fixedly connected to the side plate 104; the seed filling guide plate 307 is parallel to the perforated band 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207, and is spaced a certain distance from the perforated band 208; the seed box 302 and the left and right side end faces of the air-suction seed filling shell 306 are fixedly connected to the seed box connecting plate 305, which completely covers the perforated band 208 between the seed box 302 and the air-suction seed filling shell 306; the upper surface of the seed filling guide plate 307 is provided with a plurality of rectangular grooves along the movement direction of the perforated band 208, and a plurality of negative pressure air holes are uniformly provided in the rectangular grooves, which correspond one-to-one with the through air holes of the perforated band 208. Under the action of negative pressure airflow, the seeds are sucked into the perforated holes 208-1 of the perforated band 208 and move with the perforated band 208.

[0011] The air knife seed cleaning device 4 includes an air knife support 401 and an air knife 402. The air knife 402 is adjustablely positioned above the upper driven roller 206 via the air knife support 401 to form a thin sheet-like airflow to remove excess seeds inside and around the shaped hole 208-1 of the shaped hole belt 208 during the air suction seed filling process, thereby achieving single-seed precision seed filling.

[0012] The air-suction seed-carrying device 5 includes an air-suction seed-carrying housing 501 and a seed-carrying guide plate 502. The seed-carrying guide plate 502 is installed on the top of the air-suction seed-carrying housing 501, and together with the air-suction seed-carrying housing 501, forms an air-suction seed-carrying chamber. The air-suction seed-carrying chamber is located below the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the driving roller 205. The air-suction seed-carrying housing 501 is fixedly connected to the side plate 104. The seed-carrying guide plate 502 is parallel to the perforated strip between the upper driven roller 206 and the driving roller 205. 208, and spaced a certain distance from the perforated belt 208; the upper surface of the seed-carrying guide plate 502 is provided with multiple rectangular grooves along the movement direction of the perforated belt 208, and multiple negative pressure air holes are uniformly provided in the rectangular grooves, corresponding one-to-one with the through air holes of the perforated belt 208. Under the action of the negative pressure airflow in the seed-carrying chamber, the single seed in the perforated belt 208 moves synchronously with the perforated belt 208, ensuring that the seed will not detach from the perforated hole 208-1 at this stage, until the seeding is completed at the active roller 205.

[0013] The air-blowing seed cleaning device 6 includes an air-blowing seed cleaning housing 601 and an air-blowing guide plate 602. The air-blowing guide plate 602 is installed at the bottom of the air-blowing seed cleaning housing 601, forming an air-blowing seed cleaning chamber together with the air-blowing seed cleaning housing 601. The air-blowing seed cleaning chamber is located above the perforated strip 208 between the driving roller 205 and the lower driven roller 207. The air-blowing seed cleaning housing 601 is fixedly connected to the side plate 104. The air-blowing guide plate 602 is parallel to the perforated strip 208 between the driving roller 205 and the lower driven roller 207, and is spaced a certain distance from the perforated strip 208. The lower surface of the air-blowing guide plate 602 is provided with a plurality of rectangular grooves along the movement direction of the perforated strip 208. A plurality of positive pressure air holes are uniformly provided in the rectangular grooves, corresponding one-to-one with the through air holes of the perforated strip 208. The positive pressure airflow is introduced into the air-blowing seed cleaning chamber and, after the air pressure is balanced by the air-blowing guide plate 602, removes a small number of seeds that were not planted in time during the seeding process.

[0014] A tensioning mechanism 7 for tensioning the perforated belt 208 is provided between the driving roller 205 and the driven roller 207. The tensioning mechanism 7 includes a tensioning roller 701, a bearing seat 702, a bearing seat fixing plate 703, a guide post 704, an upper half shaft 705, a lower half shaft 706, a spring 707, a washer 708, and a nut 709. The tensioning roller 701 is fixed to the bearing seat fixing plate 703 via the bearing seat 702. The bearing seat fixing plate 703 has a stepped hole in the middle, and the upper half shaft 705 is fixed to the stepped hole. Inside the hole; the lower half shaft 706 is fixed to the horizontal frame 101 by a washer 708 and a nut 709; the spring 707 is sleeved on the outside of the upper half shaft 705 and the lower half shaft 706; the upper ends of the two guide pillars 704 are set in the through holes on both sides of the bearing seat fixing plate 703, and the lower ends of the guide pillars 704 are fixed to the horizontal frame 101 by a washer 708 and a nut 709; loosening the nut 709 on the guide pillar 704 reduces the compression of the spring 707, and the tensioning mechanism 7 moves upward as a whole, so that the shaped hole band 208 is tensioned.

[0015] The seed metering device further includes an air source mechanism; the air source mechanism includes a fan, an air distributor, and a pneumatic quick connector 805; the air inlet and air outlet of the fan are respectively connected to an air distributor via air pipes; the pneumatic quick connector 805 is disposed on the air intake seed filling housing 306, the air intake seed carrying housing 501, the air blowing seed cleaning housing 601, and the air knife 402; the air distributor connected to the air intake of the fan is connected to the pneumatic quick connector 805 on the air intake seed filling housing 306 and the air intake seed carrying housing 501 via air pipes; the air distributor connected to the air outlet of the fan is connected to the pneumatic quick connector 805 on the air blowing seed cleaning housing 601 and the air knife 402 via air pipes; wherein, the air intake seed filling housing 306 and the air intake seed carrying housing 501 are provided with multiple pneumatic quick connectors 805.

[0016] The seed metering device further includes a control mechanism; the control mechanism includes an STM32 control system, a power supply, a driver, and an ultrasonic ranging sensor 904; the power supply provides power to the stepper motor 201 and the ultrasonic ranging sensor 904; the STM32 control system controls the speed of the stepper motor 201 through the driver, thereby controlling the belt speed of the perforated belt 208; the ultrasonic ranging sensor 904 is fixed to the lower surface of the seed box cover 303 of the seed box 302 through a sensor bracket 304, and is used to detect the seed layer height inside the seed box 302 to ensure that the seed layer height is within a certain range, and an indicator light will flash to remind if it is too high or too low.

[0017] A fine mesh is provided on the through-hole 208-2 to prevent the through-hole 208-2 from being blocked by seeds.

[0018] Two guide strips 208-3 are provided on the left and right edges of the inner surface of the perforated belt 208 along its direction of movement. The roller surfaces of the driving roller 205, the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207 are all provided with guide grooves corresponding to the guide strips 208-3 to prevent the perforated belt 208 from deviating during movement. The upper edge of the air suction seed filling shell 306, the upper edge of the air suction seed carrying shell 501 and the lower edge of the air blowing seed cleaning shell 601 are provided with grooves corresponding to the guide strips 208-3 of the perforated belt 208.

[0019] The front end of the seed box 302 is fixedly connected to the first column 103 via an angle adjuster 301; the angle adjuster 301 is a semi-circular plate with a semi-circular groove, the end of the seed box 302 is hinged to the center of the semi-circular plate, and the seed box 302 is provided with an adjusting shaft that slides freely in the semi-circular groove.

[0020] The air knife support 401 includes a longitudinal support 401-1, a transverse rod 401-2, and an adjusting buckle 401-3. The bottom end of the longitudinal support 401-1 is fixedly connected to the horizontal frame 101. The transverse rod 401-2 is vertically fixed to the upper part of the longitudinal support 401-1 through the adjusting buckle 401-3. The air knife 402 is fixedly connected to the transverse rod 401-2.

[0021] The air knife 402 includes an upper air knife plate 402-1 and a lower air knife plate 402-2 fixedly connected to each other. Both the upper air knife plate 402-1 and the lower air knife plate 402-2 are right-angled trapezoidal prisms. The upper air knife plate 402-1 is fixedly connected to the horizontal rod 401-2 in an adjustable position. An air inlet 402-3 is provided in the middle of the right-angled surface of the upper air knife plate 402-1. The air inlet 402-3 is connected to the bottom surface of the upper air knife plate 402-1. The bottom surface of the upper air knife plate 402-1 is opposite to the bottom surface of the lower air knife plate 402-2, and one end of the inclined surface forms a thin-plate-shaped airflow outlet.

[0022] The inclination angle between the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207 and the horizontal plane is 42°; the angle between the plane of the thin sheet-like airflow blown out by the air knife 402 and the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207 is 8° to 28°.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] The air-suction seed filling mechanism of this invention uses negative pressure airflow to draw non-circular seeds into the pores on the pore belt, achieving seed orientation and effectively improving the filling rate; the air knife seed cleaning mechanism uses positive pressure linear airflow to remove excess seeds inside and around the pores, achieving precise single-seed filling, and compared with brush seed cleaning, air knife seed cleaning can reduce seed damage; the air-suction seed carrying mechanism uses negative pressure airflow to adsorb non-circular seeds and move synchronously with the pore belt, ensuring that the seeds do not fall out of the pores; the air-blowing seed cleaning mechanism uses positive pressure airflow to remove insufficiently planted seeds; and the tensioning mechanism uses the spring compression and rebound characteristics to tension the pore belt. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1a , Figure 1b This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air suction curtain type perforated seed metering device of the present invention (the left and right side plates 104 are hidden);

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the left side of the air suction curtain type perforated seed metering device of the present invention (the left side plate 104 is hidden);

[0027] Figure 3 This is a right-side structural schematic diagram of the air-suction curtain type perforated seed metering device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the perforated strip 208 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positional installation structure of the air-suction seed filling housing 306 and the seed filling guide plate 307 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air knife seed cleaning mechanism 4 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air knife 402 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the tensioning mechanism 5 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a connection diagram of the gas source mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a connection diagram of the control mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] The reference numerals in the attached figures are:

[0036] 1. Rack 101 Horizontal Frame

[0037] 102 Reinforcing corner piece; 103 First upright post

[0038] 104 Side plate 105 Stepper motor mount

[0039] 106 Second column 107 Third column

[0040] 2. Transmission mechanism 201 stepper motor

[0041] 202 drive sprocket 203 chain

[0042] 204 driven sprocket, 205 driving roller

[0043] 206 Upper driven roller 207 Lower driven roller

[0044] Type 208 hole with Type 208-1 hole

[0045] 208-2 Through vent; 208-3 Guide strip

[0046] 3. Air-suction filling mechanism

[0047] 301 Angle Adjuster 302 Seed Box

[0048] 303 types of box covers, 304 sensor brackets

[0049] 305 Seed box connecting plate; 306 Air suction seed filling shell

[0050] 307 Seed Filling Guide Plate

[0051] 4. Air knife seed cleaning mechanism

[0052] 401 Air Knife Support 401-1 Longitudinal Support

[0053] 401-2 Horizontal bar; 401-3 Adjusting buckle

[0054] 402 air knife, 402-1 upper air knife plate

[0055] 402-2 lower air knife plate, 402-3 air inlet.

[0056] 5. Air-breathing seed-carrying mechanism

[0057] 501 Air-Suction Seed Carrying Shell; 502 Seed Carrying Guide Plate

[0058] 6. Air-blowing seed cleaning device 601 Air-blowing seed cleaning housing

[0059] 602 Air Blowing Deflector

[0060] 7. Tensioning mechanism

[0061] 701 tension roller, 702 bearing housing

[0062] 703 bearing housing fixing plate, 704 guide post

[0063] 705 upper half shaft, 706 lower half shaft

[0064] 707 spring, 708 washer

[0065] 709 Nut

[0066] 805 Pneumatic Quick Connector; 904 Ultrasonic Ranging Sensor Detailed Implementation

[0067] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] like Figure 1a , Figure 1b , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a pneumatic suction air curtain type perforated seed metering device includes a frame 1, a transmission mechanism 2, a pneumatic suction seed filling mechanism 3, a pneumatic knife seed cleaning mechanism 4, a pneumatic suction seed carrying mechanism 5, a pneumatic blowing seed cleaning mechanism 6, a tensioning mechanism 7, a gas source mechanism, and a control mechanism.

[0069] The frame 1 includes a horizontal frame 101, a first column 103, a second column 106, a third column 107, and a side plate 104; the two first columns 103, the two second columns 106, and the two third columns 107 are sequentially fixed to the left and right longitudinal beams of the horizontal frame 101; a side plate 104 is fixed to the second column 106 and the third column 107 of the left longitudinal beam and the second column 106 and the third column 107 of the right longitudinal beam.

[0070] Preferably, reinforcing corner pieces 102 are provided between the first column 103, the second column 106, the third column 107 and the longitudinal beam of the horizontal frame 101.

[0071] The transmission mechanism 2 includes a stepper motor 201, a drive sprocket 202, a chain 203, a driven sprocket 204, a drive roller 205, an upper driven roller 206, a lower driven roller 207, and a perforated belt 208;

[0072] The lower driven roller 207 and the driving roller 205 are mounted on the front and rear of the horizontal frame 101 via bearing seats, and the upper driven roller 206 is mounted on the upper part of the third column 107 via bearing seats; the perforated belt 208 is sleeved on the driving roller 205, the lower driven roller 207 and the upper driven roller 206; the stepper motor 201 is fixed to the rear of the horizontal frame 101 via a stepper motor seat 105; the driving sprocket 202 is fixed to the output shaft of the stepper motor 201; the driven sprocket 204 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the driving roller 205, and the chain 203 is sleeved on the driving sprocket 202 and the driven sprocket 204.

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, the outer surface of the perforated band 208 is uniformly provided with a plurality of perforations 208-1 for accommodating non-circular seeds, and each perforation 208-1 has a through-hole 208-2 at its center. Preferably, a layer of fine mesh is provided on the through-hole 208-2 to prevent the through-hole 208-2 from being blocked by seeds.

[0074] Preferably, two guide strips 208-3 are provided at the left and right edges of the inner surface of the perforated belt 208 along its direction of movement. The roller surfaces of the driving roller 205, the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207 are all provided with guide grooves corresponding to the guide strips 208-3 to prevent the perforated belt 208 from deviating during movement.

[0075] like Figure 1b , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the air-suction seed filling device 3 includes a seed box 302, a seed box connecting plate 305, an air-suction seed filling shell 306, and a seed filling guide plate 307. The seed box 302 is fixedly mounted on the first column 103 and the second column 106 at an adjustable tilt angle. It is located above the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207. The plane where the seed discharge port of the seed box 302 is located is parallel to the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207. The distance between the plane where the seed discharge port of the seed box 302 is located and the perforated strip 208 is less than the seed particle size. The seed filling guide plate 307 is installed on the top of the air-suction seed filling housing 306, forming an air-suction seed filling chamber together with the air-suction seed filling housing 306. The air-suction seed filling chamber is located below the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207. The air-suction seed filling housing 306 is fixedly connected to the side plate 104. The seed filling guide plate 307 is parallel to the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207, and is spaced a certain distance from the perforated strip 208. Seed box 302 and the left and right side end faces of the air-suction seed filling housing 306 are fixedly connected to seed box connecting plates 305, completely covering the perforated strip 208 between the seed box 302 and the air-suction seed filling housing 306. Figure 5 As shown, the upper surface of the seed filling guide plate 307 is provided with multiple rectangular grooves along the movement direction of the perforated belt 208. Multiple negative pressure air holes, corresponding one-to-one with the through-holes of the perforated belt 208, are uniformly arranged within the rectangular grooves. Seeds are drawn into the perforated holes 208-1 of the perforated belt 208 under the action of negative pressure airflow and move with the perforated belt 208. The function of the rectangular grooves is to make the airflow more uniform. If only negative pressure air holes are provided, there will be significant differences in airflow at different air holes during seed intake.

[0076] Preferably, the front end of the seed box 302 is fixedly connected to the first column 103 via an angle adjuster 301; the angle adjuster 301 is a semi-circular plate with a semi-circular groove, the end of the seed box 302 is hinged to the center of the semi-circular plate, and the seed box 302 is provided with an adjusting shaft that slides freely in the semi-circular groove.

[0077] like Figure 6 As shown, the air knife seed cleaning device 4 includes an air knife support 401 and an air knife 402; the air knife 402 is adjustablely positioned above the upper driven roller 206 via the air knife support 401, and is used to form a thin sheet-like airflow to remove excess seeds inside and around the shaped hole 208-1 of the shaped hole belt 208 during the air suction seed filling process, thereby achieving single-seed precision seed filling.

[0078] The air knife support 401 includes a longitudinal support 401-1, a transverse rod 401-2, and an adjusting buckle 401-3. The bottom end of the longitudinal support 401-1 is fixedly connected to the horizontal frame 101. The transverse rod 401-2 is vertically fixed to the upper part of the longitudinal support 401-1 through the adjusting buckle 401-3. The air knife 402 is fixedly connected to the transverse rod 401-2.

[0079] like Figure 7 As shown, the air knife 402 includes an upper air knife plate 402-1 and a lower air knife plate 402-2 fixedly connected to each other. Both the upper air knife plate 402-1 and the lower air knife plate 402-2 are right-angled trapezoidal prisms. The upper air knife plate 402-1 is fixedly connected to the horizontal rod 401-2 in an adjustable position. An air inlet 402-3 is provided in the middle of the right-angled surface of the upper air knife plate 402-1, and the air inlet 402-3 is connected to the bottom surface of the upper air knife plate 402-1. The bottom surface of the upper air knife plate 402-1 is opposite to the bottom surface of the lower air knife plate 402-2, and one end of the inclined surface forms a thin-plate-shaped airflow outlet.

[0080] The angle of inclination between the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207 and the horizontal plane is 42°.

[0081] The angle between the plane of the thin sheet-like airflow blown out by the air knife 402 and the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the lower driven roller 207 is 8° to 28°, with the optimal angle being 18°.

[0082] like Figure 1b and Figure 2As shown, the air-suction seed-carrying device 5 includes an air-suction seed-carrying housing 501 and a seed-carrying guide plate 502; the seed-carrying guide plate 502 is installed on the top of the air-suction seed-carrying housing 501, and together with the air-suction seed-carrying housing 501, forms an air-suction seed-carrying chamber. The air-suction seed-carrying chamber is located below the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the driving roller 205. The air-suction seed-carrying housing 501 is fixedly connected to the side plate 104; the seed-carrying guide plate 502 is parallel to the perforated strip 208 between the upper driven roller 206 and the driving roller 205. The perforated belt 208 is spaced a certain distance from the shaped perforated belt 208. The upper surface of the seed-carrying guide plate 502 is provided with multiple rectangular grooves along the movement direction of the shaped perforated belt 208. Multiple negative pressure air holes are uniformly provided in the rectangular grooves, corresponding one-to-one with the through air holes of the shaped perforated belt 208. Under the action of the negative pressure airflow in the seed-carrying chamber, the single seed in the shaped perforated belt 208 moves synchronously with the shaped perforated belt 208, ensuring that the seed will not detach from the shaped perforated belt 208-1 at this stage, until the seeding is completed at the active roller 205.

[0083] like Figure 1b and Figure 2 As shown, the air-blowing seed cleaning device 6 includes an air-blowing seed cleaning housing 601 and an air-blowing guide plate 602; the air-blowing guide plate 602 is installed at the bottom of the air-blowing seed cleaning housing 601, and together with the air-blowing seed cleaning housing 601, forms an air-blowing seed cleaning chamber. The air-blowing seed cleaning chamber is located above the perforated belt 208 between the driving roller 205 and the lower driven roller 207. The air-blowing seed cleaning housing 601 is fixedly connected to the side plate 104; the air-blowing guide plate 602 is parallel to the main... The moving roller 205 and the lower driven roller 207 are separated by a certain distance from each other. The lower surface of the air blowing guide plate 602 is provided with a plurality of rectangular grooves along the movement direction of the hole belt 208. The rectangular grooves are uniformly provided with a plurality of positive pressure air holes that correspond one-to-one with the through air holes of the hole belt 208. The positive pressure airflow is introduced into the air blowing seed cleaning chamber and after the air blowing guide plate 602 balances the air pressure, it removes a few seeds that were not planted in time during the seeding process.

[0084] Preferably, the upper edge of the air-suction seed filling shell 306, the upper edge of the air-suction seed carrying shell 501, and the lower edge of the air-blowing seed cleaning shell 601 are provided with grooves corresponding to the guide strips of the perforated strip 208.

[0085] Preferably, a tensioning mechanism 7 for tensioning the perforated belt 208 is provided between the driving roller 205 and the driven roller 207.

[0086] like Figure 8As shown, the tensioning mechanism 7 includes a tension roller 701, a bearing seat 702, a bearing seat fixing plate 703, a guide post 704, an upper half shaft 705, a lower half shaft 706, a spring 707, a washer 708, and a nut 709. The tension roller 701 is fixed to the bearing seat fixing plate 703 via the bearing seat 702. The bearing seat fixing plate 703 has a stepped hole in the middle, and the upper half shaft 705 is fixed in the stepped hole. The lower half shaft 706 is fixed to the bearing seat fixing plate 704 via the washer 705. 8 is fixed to the horizontal frame 101 with nut 709; the spring 707 is sleeved on the outside of the upper half shaft 705 and the lower half shaft 706; the upper ends of the two guide posts 704 are set in the through holes on both sides of the bearing seat fixing plate 703, and the lower ends of the guide posts 704 are fixed to the horizontal frame 101 with nut 709 through washer 708; loosening the nut 709 on the guide post 704 reduces the compression of spring 707, and the tensioning mechanism 7 moves upward as a whole, so that the shaped hole band 208 is tensioned.

[0087] like Figure 9 As shown, the air source mechanism includes a fan, an air distributor, and a pneumatic quick connector 805; the air inlet and outlet of the fan are respectively connected to an air distributor via air pipes; the pneumatic quick connector 805 is disposed on the air intake seed filling housing 306, the air intake seed carrying housing 501, the air blowing seed cleaning housing 601, and the air knife 402; the air distributor connected to the air intake of the fan is connected to the pneumatic quick connector 805 on the air intake seed filling housing 306 and the air intake seed carrying housing 501 via air pipes; the air distributor connected to the air blowing outlet of the fan is connected to the pneumatic quick connector 805 on the air blowing seed cleaning housing 601 and the air knife 402 via air pipes; wherein, the air intake seed filling housing 306 and the air intake seed carrying housing 501 are provided with multiple pneumatic quick connectors 805.

[0088] like Figure 10 As shown, the control mechanism includes an STM32 control system, a power supply, a driver, and an ultrasonic ranging sensor 904. The power supply provides power to the stepper motor 201 and the ultrasonic ranging sensor 904. The STM32 control system controls the speed of the stepper motor 201 through the driver, thereby controlling the belt speed of the perforated belt 208. The ultrasonic ranging sensor 904 is fixed to the lower surface of the seed box cover 303 of the seed box 302 through a sensor bracket 304, and is used to detect the seed layer height inside the seed box 302 to ensure that the seed layer height is within a certain range. If it is too high or too low, an indicator light will flash to remind the user.

[0089] During operation, adjust the stepper motor 201 speed and fan frequency, and turn on the STM32 control system switch, fan inlet and outlet switches for normal operation. It sequentially performs air suction seed filling, air knife seed cleaning (single seed filling), air suction seed carrying, low-position seed feeding, and air blowing seed cleaning (removal of insufficiently fed seeds).

[0090] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A type of air-suction curtain seed metering device, characterized in that, The seed metering device includes a frame (1), a transmission mechanism (2), an air suction seed filling mechanism (3), an air knife seed cleaning mechanism (4), an air suction seed carrying mechanism (5), and an air blowing seed cleaning mechanism (6); The frame (1) includes a horizontal frame (101), a first column (103), a second column (106), a third column (107), and a side plate (104); the two first columns (103), the two second columns (106), and the two third columns (107) are fixedly connected to the left and right longitudinal beams of the horizontal frame (101) in sequence; a side plate (104) is fixedly connected to the second column (106) and the third column (107) of the left longitudinal beam and the second column (106) and the third column (107) of the right longitudinal beam; The transmission mechanism (2) includes a stepper motor (201), a drive sprocket (202), a chain (203), a driven sprocket (204), a drive roller (205), an upper driven roller (206), a lower driven roller (207), and a perforated belt (208); The lower driven roller (207) and the driving roller (205) are mounted on the front and rear of the horizontal frame (101) via bearing seats, and the upper driven roller (206) is mounted on the upper part of the third column (107) via bearing seats; the perforated belt (208) is sleeved on the driving roller (205), the lower driven roller (207) and the upper driven roller (206); the stepper motor (201) is fixed to the rear of the horizontal frame (101) via a stepper motor seat (105); the driving sprocket (202) is fixed to the output shaft of the stepper motor (201); the driven sprocket (204) is fixed to the rotating shaft of the driving roller (205), and the chain (203) is sleeved on the driving sprocket (202) and the driven sprocket (204); The outer surface of the perforated strip (208) is uniformly provided with a plurality of perforations (208-1) for accommodating non-circular seeds and for directional sorting of non-circular seeds; each perforation (208-1) has a through air hole (208-2) in the center; The air-suction seed filling mechanism (3) includes a seed box (302), a seed box connecting plate (305), an air-suction seed filling shell (306), and a seed filling guide plate (307); the seed box (302) is fixedly mounted at an adjustable angle on the first column (103) and the second column (106), located above the perforated strip (208) between the upper driven roller (206) and the lower driven roller (207), and the plane where the seed discharge port of the seed box (302) is located is parallel to the plane of the perforation. The spacing between the seed discharge port of the seed box (302) and the perforated strip (208) between the upper driven roller (206) and the lower driven roller (207) is less than the seed particle size; the seed filling guide plate (307) is installed on the top of the air-suction seed filling shell (306), and together with the air-suction seed filling shell (306), they form an air-suction seed filling chamber, which is located between the upper driven roller (206) and the lower driven roller (207). Below the perforated strip (208) between 7), the air-suction seed filling housing (306) is fixedly connected to the side plate (104); the seed filling guide plate (307) is parallel to the perforated strip (208) between the upper driven roller (206) and the lower driven roller (207), and is spaced a certain distance from the perforated strip (208); the seed box (302) and the left and right side end faces of the air-suction seed filling housing (306) are fixedly connected to seed box connecting plates (305), which hold the perforated strip (208) below the perforated strip (208) between 7) and the side plate (104); the air-suction seed filling housing (306) is fixedly connected to the side plate (104 ... guide plate (307) is parallel to the perforated strip (208) between 7) and the side plate (104) below the side plate (208); the air-suction seed filling housing (306) is fixedly connected to the side plate (104) below the side plate (208); the air-suction seed filling guide plate (307) is fixedly connected to the side plate (104) below the side plate (208) between 7) and the side plate (104); the air-suction seed filling guide plate (307) is fixedly connected to the side plate (104) below the side plate (208) between 7) and the side plate (1 08) Completely enclosed between the seed box (302) and the air-suction seed filling shell (306); the upper surface of the seed filling guide plate (307) is provided with multiple rectangular grooves along the movement direction of the perforated belt (208), and multiple negative pressure air holes are uniformly provided in the rectangular grooves, corresponding one-to-one with the through air holes of the perforated belt (208). Under the action of negative pressure airflow, the seeds are sucked into the perforated holes (208-1) of the perforated belt (208) and move with the perforated belt (208); The air knife seed cleaning mechanism (4) includes an air knife support (401) and an air knife (402); the air knife (402) is adjustablely positioned above the upper driven roller (206) via the air knife support (401) to form a thin sheet-like airflow to remove excess seeds in and around the shaped hole (208-1) of the shaped hole belt (208) during the air suction seed filling process, thereby achieving single-seed precision seed filling; The air knife (402) includes an upper air knife plate (402-1) and a lower air knife plate (402-2) fixedly connected to each other. Both the upper air knife plate (402-1) and the lower air knife plate (402-2) are right-angled trapezoidal prisms. The upper air knife plate (402-1) is fixedly connected to the horizontal rod (401-2) in an adjustable position. An air inlet (402-3) is provided in the middle of the right-angled surface of the upper air knife plate (402-1), and the air inlet (402-3) is connected to the bottom surface of the upper air knife plate (402-1). The bottom surface of the upper air knife plate (402-1) is opposite to the bottom surface of the lower air knife plate (402-2), and one end of the inclined surface forms a thin-plate-shaped airflow outlet. The angle between the plane of the thin sheet-like airflow blown out by the air knife (402) and the perforated strip (208) between the upper driven roller (206) and the lower driven roller (207) is 8° to 28°. The air-suction seed-carrying mechanism (5) includes an air-suction seed-carrying housing (501) and a seed-carrying guide plate (502); the seed-carrying guide plate (502) is installed on the top of the air-suction seed-carrying housing (501), and together with the air-suction seed-carrying housing (501), forms an air-suction seed-carrying chamber. The air-suction seed-carrying chamber is located below the perforated strip (208) between the upper driven roller (206) and the driving roller (205). The air-suction seed-carrying housing (501) is fixedly connected to the side plate (104); the seed-carrying guide plate (502) is parallel to the space between the upper driven roller (206) and the driving roller (205). The perforated belt (208) is spaced at a certain distance from the perforated belt (208); the upper surface of the seed-carrying guide plate (502) is provided with multiple rectangular grooves along the movement direction of the perforated belt (208), and multiple negative pressure air holes corresponding one-to-one with the through air holes of the perforated belt (208) are uniformly provided in the rectangular grooves. The single seed in the perforated belt (208-1) moves synchronously with the perforated belt (208) under the action of the negative pressure airflow in the seed-carrying chamber, ensuring that the seed will not leave the perforated hole (208-1) at this stage, until the seeding is completed at the active roller (205); The air-blowing seed cleaning mechanism (6) includes an air-blowing seed cleaning housing (601) and an air-blowing guide plate (602); the air-blowing guide plate (602) is installed at the bottom of the air-blowing seed cleaning housing (601), and together with the air-blowing seed cleaning housing (601), forms an air-blowing seed cleaning chamber. The air-blowing seed cleaning chamber is located above the perforated strip (208) between the driving roller (205) and the lower driven roller (207). The air-blowing seed cleaning housing (601) is fixedly connected to the side plate (104); the air-blowing guide plate (602) is flat. A perforated belt (208) runs between the driving roller (205) and the driven roller (207), and is spaced a certain distance from the perforated belt (208); the lower surface of the air-blowing guide plate (602) is provided with a plurality of rectangular grooves along the movement direction of the perforated belt (208), and a plurality of positive pressure air holes are uniformly provided in the rectangular grooves, which correspond one-to-one with the through air holes of the perforated belt (208); the positive pressure airflow is introduced into the air-blowing seed cleaning chamber and after the air pressure is balanced by the air-blowing guide plate (602), it removes a few seeds that were not planted in time during the seeding process.

2. The air-suction curtain type perforated seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A tensioning mechanism (7) for tensioning the perforated belt (208) is provided between the driving roller (205) and the driven roller (207); The tensioning mechanism (7) includes a tensioning roller (701), a bearing housing (702), a bearing housing fixing plate (703), a guide post (704), an upper half shaft (705), a lower half shaft (706), a spring (707), a washer (708), and a nut (709); the tensioning roller (701) is fixed to the bearing housing fixing plate (703) via the bearing housing (702); the bearing housing fixing plate (703) has a stepped hole in the middle, and the upper half shaft (705) is fixed in the stepped hole; the lower half shaft (706) is fixed to the bearing housing fixing plate (708) via the washer (708). The nut (709) is fixed to the horizontal frame (101); the spring (707) is sleeved on the outside of the upper half shaft (705) and the lower half shaft (706); the upper ends of the two guide posts (704) are set in the through holes on both sides of the bearing seat fixing plate (703), and the lower ends of the guide posts (704) are fixed to the nut (709) on the horizontal frame (101) through the washer (708); loosening the nut (709) on the guide post (704) reduces the compression of the spring (707), and the tensioning mechanism (7) moves upward as a whole, so that the shaped hole band (208) is tensioned.

3. The air-suction curtain type perforated seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed metering device further includes a gas source mechanism; The air source mechanism includes a fan, an air distributor, and a pneumatic quick connector (805); the air inlet and air outlet of the fan are respectively connected to an air distributor through air pipes; the pneumatic quick connector (805) is provided on the air intake seed filling housing (306), the air intake seed carrying housing (501), the air blowing seed cleaning housing (601), and the air knife (402); the air distributor connected to the air intake of the fan is connected to the pneumatic quick connector (805) on the air intake seed filling housing (306) and the air intake seed carrying housing (501) through air pipes; the air distributor connected to the air outlet of the fan is connected to the pneumatic quick connector (805) on the air blowing seed cleaning housing (601) and the air knife (402) through air pipes; wherein, the air intake seed filling housing (306) and the air intake seed carrying housing (501) are provided with multiple pneumatic quick connectors (805).

4. The air-suction curtain type perforated seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed metering device further includes a control mechanism; The control mechanism includes an STM32 control system, a power supply, a driver, and an ultrasonic ranging sensor (904). The power supply provides power to the stepper motor (201) and the ultrasonic ranging sensor (904). The STM32 control system controls the speed of the stepper motor (201) through the driver, thereby controlling the belt speed of the perforated belt (208). The ultrasonic ranging sensor (904) is fixed to the lower surface of the seed box cover (303) of the seed box (302) through a sensor bracket (304) to detect the seed layer height inside the seed box (302) and ensure that the seed layer height is within a certain range. If it is too high or too low, an indicator light will flash to remind the user.

5. The air-suction curtain type perforated seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fine mesh is provided on the through-hole (208-2) to prevent the through-hole (208-2) from being blocked by seeds.

6. The air-suction curtain type perforated seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two guide strips (208-3) are provided on the left and right edges of the inner surface of the perforated belt (208) along its direction of movement. The roller surfaces of the driving roller (205), the upper driven roller (206) and the lower driven roller (207) are all provided with guide grooves corresponding to the guide strips (208-3) to prevent the perforated belt (208) from deviating during movement. The upper edge of the air suction seed filling shell (306), the upper edge of the air suction seed carrying shell (501) and the lower edge of the air blowing seed cleaning shell (601) are provided with grooves corresponding to the guide strips (208-3) of the perforated belt (208).

7. The air-suction curtain type perforated seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the seed box (302) is fixedly connected to the first column (103) via an angle adjuster (301); the angle adjuster (301) is a semi-circular plate with a semi-circular groove, the end of the seed box (302) is hinged to the center of the semi-circular plate, and the seed box (302) is provided with an adjustment shaft that slides freely in the semi-circular groove.

8. The air-suction curtain type perforated seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air knife support (401) includes a longitudinal support (401-1), a transverse rod (401-2), and an adjusting buckle (401-3). The bottom end of the longitudinal support (401-1) is fixedly connected to the horizontal frame (101). The transverse rod (401-2) is vertically fixed to the upper part of the longitudinal support (401-1) through the adjusting buckle (401-3). The air knife (402) is fixedly connected to the transverse rod (401-2).

9. The air-suction curtain type perforated seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the perforated strip (208) between the upper driven roller (206) and the lower driven roller (207) and the horizontal plane is 42°; the angle between the plane of the thin sheet-like airflow blown out by the air knife (402) and the perforated strip (208) between the upper driven roller (206) and the lower driven roller (207) is 18°.

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