AFC control method and system for total amount of pollutant emissions from waste incineration

Abstract

The present invention discloses an AFC control method and system for the total amount of waste incineration emissions. The method comprises: a pollutant emission total amount allocation step: predicting the annual amount of waste entering the plant, and allocating the monthly pollutant emission limit through the emission quota allocation model; an operation parameter adjustment step: dynamically monitoring the parameters of the reaction tower inlet, intelligently adjusting the boiler load, and using a lime slurry intelligent control model based on a feedforward-feedback composite control strategy to achieve economic spraying of the lime slurry flow; a monthly emission amount calculation and judgment step: calculating the total amount of pollutant emissions within the cycle time, intelligently adjusting the outlet pollutant system setting value, and correcting the monthly pollutant emission limit in combination with the garbage storage in the garbage pit. The present invention realizes the intensity control and total amount control of SO2 emissions from waste incinerators, reduces the number of instantaneous excesses of acid gas and the total amount of emissions, avoids spraying lag and excessive spraying, and realizes efficient and intelligent control of SO2 removal and total emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of waste incineration deacidification control, and in particular to an AFC control method and system for the total amount of pollutant emissions from waste incineration. Background Art

[0002] Waste incineration power generation has developed rapidly due to its advantages of "harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization". However, due to the complexity of waste composition and seasonal differences, the incineration operation is unstable, the flue gas composition generated during the combustion process is complex, and the flue gas treatment level fluctuates greatly. Pollutants must be removed through the flue gas purification system to meet environmental protection requirements before discharge. Otherwise, it will cause great harm to the atmosphere, ecological environment and human health.

[0003] The existing control strategy for flue gas pollutant removal in waste incineration plants is based on PID regulators to control valve openings, generally known as automatic flow control (AFC). This control method has a good control effect when the flue gas volume changes slowly, but when the boiler load changes rapidly, this control strategy will reduce the desulfurization performance of the reaction tower and cannot meet the requirements of efficient desulfurization to achieve ultra-low emissions. In addition, this control strategy has control lag, resulting in excessive instantaneous acid gas emissions, hysteresis in shotcrete spraying, and excessive shotcrete spraying.

[0004] At present, according to the environmental capacity and the needs of economic and social development, the annual total sulfur dioxide emissions of waste incineration power plants must be controlled. However, the existing waste incineration power plants only achieve intensity control over sulfur dioxide emissions, and can only achieve instantaneous and average emissions of sulfur dioxide to meet environmental protection standards. The total sulfur dioxide emissions control still requires manual estimation and manual control, which involves great uncertainty.

[0005] In response to the above problems, there is currently no efficient intelligent control method and system specifically for this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes an AFC control method and system for the total amount of pollutant emissions from waste incineration, so as to achieve efficient and intelligent control of flue gas pollutant removal and total amount of pollutant emissions.

[0007] Technical solution: The AFC control method for the total amount of pollutant emissions from waste incineration described in the present invention uses a total amount of pollutant emissions allocation module, an operation parameter adjustment module and a monthly emissions calculation and judgment module to achieve control;

[0008] The pollutant emission total amount allocation module is used to obtain garbage historical data and pollutant emission total amount, allocate monthly pollutant emission limits using an emission quota allocation model, and transmit them to the monthly emission amount calculation and judgment module;

[0009] The operating parameter adjustment module is used to obtain dynamic parameters and output feedback signals for adjusting boiler load and lime slurry flow; record pollutant emission data and transmit them to the monthly emission calculation and judgment module; the boiler load is adjusted by primary and secondary air volume and grate speed, and the lime slurry flow is adjusted by the lime slurry intelligent control strategy;

[0010] The monthly emission calculation and judgment module is used to obtain historical pollutant emission data, adjust the outlet pollutant system setting value through calculation and judgment and transmit it to the operation parameter adjustment module, correct the monthly pollutant emission limit value in combination with the garbage storage capacity, and calculate the monthly pollutant emission and transmit it to the total pollutant emission allocation module;

[0011] The garbage historical data includes the time when garbage enters the factory, the amount of garbage entering the factory, the amount of garbage entering the furnace every day, and the amount of garbage stored in the garbage pit;

[0012] The historical pollutant emission data include SO2 emission concentration, HCl emission concentration, and other gaseous pollutant emission concentrations;

[0013] The dynamic parameters include the flue gas flow rate at the reaction tower inlet, the flue gas temperature, the SO2 concentration, the HCl concentration, and the boiler load.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pollutant emission total amount allocation module allocates monthly pollutant emission limits using an emission quota allocation model, including:

[0015] Based on the historical data of the time and amount of garbage entering the plant, the annual rate of change of garbage entering the plant is obtained, the amount of garbage entering the plant is predicted and the monthly garbage volume ratio is calculated. The monthly pollutant emission limit is obtained by combining the daily amount of garbage entering the furnace, the garbage storage in the garbage pit and the total amount of pollutant emissions; and / or

[0016] The pollutant emission residual value is obtained according to the monthly pollutant emission transmitted by the monthly emission calculation and judgment module, and the monthly pollutant emission limit is reallocated.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operating parameter adjustment module outputs a feedback signal for adjusting the boiler load and the lime slurry flow rate, including: judging whether the SO2 and HCl concentrations and the concentration change rates at the reaction tower inlet are greater than the limit values; if so, issuing a load reduction signal, adjusting the primary and secondary air volumes and the grate speed, and re-judging the inlet conditions when the operating data detection cycle is reached; if less than the limit value, using the lime slurry intelligent control strategy to adjust the opening of the lime slurry flow control valve.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lime slurry intelligent control strategy adopts a feedforward-feedback load control strategy, wherein dynamic parameters are input into the lime slurry intelligent control model, and the lime slurry flow valve opening is adjusted as the main loop output control signal, and the coarse adjustment value of the valve opening is output to achieve advance adjustment and economic injection of the lime slurry amount, and the SO2 concentration and HCl concentration in the clean flue gas after deacidification are compared with the set value of the outlet pollutant system, and the difference is calculated as a secondary loop and passed through a PID controller, and a control signal is output to adjust the lime slurry flow control valve opening, and the fine-tuning value of the valve opening is output.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lime slurry intelligent control model uses the historical operation data of the unit as training data, and the training data includes flue gas flow, flue gas temperature, SO2 concentration, HCl concentration, boiler load, and lime slurry amount, wherein the dynamic parameters are used as model input parameters, and the lime slurry amount is used as model output parameters.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lime slurry intelligent control model adopts a 3-layer BP neural network structure, wherein the number of input layer nodes is 5, the number of hidden layer nodes is 8, and the number of output layer nodes is 1.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculation of the monthly emission calculation and judgment module includes:

[0022] Read the instantaneous emission concentration data values ​​of N groups of pollutants from the current hour to the previous cycle time within the cycle time, and the system records the retrieval order and the total number of retrievals;

[0023] Calculate the emission mean value within the cycle time of the current retrieval sequence, the cumulative pollutant emissions under the total number of retrievals, the current emission progress, the time progress and the standard emission progress based on the retrieved data, and store the calculated data in the historical database;

[0024] Among them, the current emission progress, time progress and standard emission progress are used for judgment.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the determination of the monthly emission calculation and determination module includes:

[0026] Determine whether the current emission progress is less than the standard emission progress. If so, the outlet pollutant system maintains the set value unchanged; otherwise, determine whether the emission progress is less than the warning value. If so, the outlet pollutant system set value is adjusted down; otherwise, evaluate the garbage storage capacity. If the garbage storage capacity is sufficient, issue a shutdown signal; otherwise, increase the monthly pollutant emission limit, and recalculate and judge based on the adjusted monthly pollutant emission limit; determine whether the time progress reaches the total duration of the month. If so, transmit the monthly pollutant emission to the total pollutant emission allocation module, otherwise continue to perform periodic calculation and judgment on the monthly emission;

[0027] Among them, the adjusted outlet pollutant system setting value is transmitted to the operation parameter adjustment module.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment of the monthly pollutant emission limit is performed by calculating the upward adjustment value based on the emission mean and the time progress.

[0029] The present invention also provides an AFC control system for the total amount of pollutant emissions from garbage incineration, including a garbage bin intelligent manager, a data collector, a historical database, a pollutant emission controller, a reaction tower actuator, and an incinerator actuator;

[0030] The garbage bin intelligent manager is used to classify the types of garbage, count the number of vehicles on the unloading platform and the amount of garbage, and store the garbage-related data in a historical database;

[0031] The data collector is arranged at the entrance and exit of the reaction tower, in the garbage incinerator, and at the primary and secondary fans and atomizer measuring instruments, and the measured relevant parameters are stored in the historical database;

[0032] The pollutant emission controller obtains relevant parameters from the historical database, and outputs feedback signals to the lime slurry flow control valve actuator and the incinerator actuator for adjustment according to the AFC control method for the total amount of pollutant emissions from waste incineration according to the present invention;

[0033] The reaction tower actuator includes a lime slurry flow control valve actuator;

[0034] The incinerator actuator comprises a primary fan actuator, a secondary fan actuator and a grate speed actuator.

[0035] Beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The present invention provides an AFC control method for the total amount of pollutant emissions from a waste incinerator, and constructs a total amount of pollutant emission allocation module, an operation parameter adjustment module, and a monthly emission calculation and judgment module. The total amount of pollutant emission allocation module is based on historical garbage data and total sulfur emissions, combined with monthly pollutant emission values, and uses an emission quota allocation model to accurately allocate monthly pollutant emission limits; the operation parameter adjustment module judges the inlet conditions of the reaction tower through dynamic parameters, and timely adjusts the boiler operating load and lime slurry flow rate to achieve efficient and accurate desulfurization; the monthly emission calculation and judgment module is based on historical pollutant emission data, and the cycle time is calculated and monitored, the outlet pollutant system setting value is adjusted, and the monthly pollutant emission limit is corrected in combination with garbage storage, so as to achieve intelligent control of the total amount of pollutant emissions from the waste incinerator, environmental protection and economy.

[0037] 2. The present invention utilizes a lime slurry intelligent control strategy to adjust the lime slurry flow rate. Based on the BP neural network, the model is trained using the historical operation data of the unit to establish a lime slurry intelligent control model with accurate prediction and fast feedback. The lime slurry amount is calculated as the main loop to achieve advance adjustment and economic injection control of the lime slurry amount. The SO2 concentration and HCl concentration in the clean flue gas after deacidification are monitored and compared with the set value of the outlet pollutant system. The difference is calculated and transmitted to the PID controller as the fine-tuning value of the secondary loop output valve opening to adjust the lime slurry flow valve opening to avoid problems such as frequent instantaneous exceeding of the acid gas standard, hysteresis of spraying and excessive spraying.

[0038] 3. The present invention also provides an AFC control system for the total amount of pollutant emissions from a waste incinerator, which is used to solve the problem of reduced desulfurization performance of the desulfurization system due to large changes in boiler load, achieve intensity control and total amount control of pollutant emissions, and improve the stability, economy and intelligence of the flue gas purification system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the AFC control method of the total amount of pollutant emissions from a waste incinerator of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the lime slurry intelligent control strategy of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the AFC control system for the total amount of pollutant emissions from a waste incinerator of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] Embodiment 1:

[0044] This embodiment discloses an AFC control method for the total amount of pollutant emissions from a waste incinerator. Figure 1 , the method uses a total amount of pollutant emission allocation module, a monthly emission calculation and judgment module and an operation parameter adjustment module to achieve control;

[0045] The pollutant emission total allocation module is used to obtain historical garbage data and total pollutant emissions, allocate monthly pollutant emission limits using the emission quota allocation model, and transmit them to the monthly emission calculation and judgment module;

[0046] The operating parameter adjustment module is used to obtain dynamic parameters, output control signals to adjust boiler load and lime slurry flow, record pollutant emission data, and transmit them to the monthly emission calculation and judgment module, where the boiler load is adjusted by primary and secondary air volume and grate speed, and the lime slurry flow is adjusted by the lime slurry intelligent control strategy;

[0047] The monthly emission calculation and judgment module is used to obtain historical pollutant emission data, adjust the export pollutant system setting value through calculation and judgment and transmit it to the operation parameter adjustment module, correct the monthly pollutant emission limit value in combination with the garbage storage capacity, and calculate the monthly pollutant emission and transmit it to the total pollutant emission allocation module;

[0048] Among them, the historical data of garbage include the time and amount of garbage entering the factory (net weight of garbage), the daily amount of garbage entering the furnace, the garbage storage capacity of the garbage pit, etc.; the historical emission data of pollutants include SO2 emission concentration, HCl emission concentration, emission concentration of other gaseous pollutants, instantaneous emission time, etc.; dynamic parameters include the flue gas flow rate at the inlet of the reaction tower, flue gas temperature, SO2 concentration, HCl concentration, and boiler load.

[0049] According to the implementation mode of the present invention, the total amount of pollutant emission allocation module presets an emission quota allocation model, which, on the one hand, calculates the monthly pollutant emission limit based on the historical data to estimate the predicted amount of garbage entering the factory, and on the other hand, adjusts the monthly pollutant emission limit based on the pollutant emission amount transmitted in real time. The specific allocation method is as follows:

[0050] Based on historical data such as the year and net weight of garbage entering the factory, the total amount of garbage entering the factory in an annual manner is obtained, and the numerical range of the change rate (for example, growth rate) of the annual amount of garbage entering the factory is further obtained, thereby obtaining the predicted amount of garbage entering the factory in an annual manner;

[0051] Based on historical data such as the month and net weight of garbage entering the plant, the monthly garbage volume ratio range is obtained. Based on the annual predicted amount of garbage entering the plant, the monthly predicted amount of garbage entering the plant is obtained. Combined with the daily amount of garbage entering the furnace, the garbage storage in the garbage pit and the total amount of pollutant emissions, the monthly pollutant emission limits are obtained.

[0052] According to the monthly pollutant emissions transmitted by the monthly emission calculation and judgment module, the remaining value of pollutant emissions is calculated in combination with the total amount of pollutant emissions, the proportion interval of the remaining months is recalculated, and the monthly pollutant emission limits are redistributed.

[0053] According to an implementation manner of the present invention, an operation parameter adjustment module determines whether the concentrations of SO2 and HCl at the inlet of the reaction tower and the concentration change rate are greater than a limit value. If so, a load reduction signal is issued to adjust the primary and secondary air volumes and the grate speed. When the operation data detection cycle is reached, the inlet conditions are re-judged; if less than the limit value, the lime slurry flow control valve opening is adjusted using a lime slurry intelligent control strategy; wherein the limit value is obtained by analyzing the inlet dynamic data of the maximum deacidification capacity of the reaction tower under different boiler operating loads obtained from a power plant operation test.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 The lime slurry intelligent control strategy proposed in the present invention adopts a feedforward-feedback load control strategy. Dynamic parameters are input into the lime slurry intelligent control model as the main loop to calculate the lime slurry amount, and the calculated value is converted into a coarse adjustment value of the control signal output valve opening, and the lime slurry flow valve opening is adjusted to achieve advanced adjustment and economic injection of the lime slurry amount; the SO2 concentration and HCl concentration in the clean flue gas after deacidification are monitored, and compared with the outlet pollutant system setting value, and the difference is calculated and transmitted to the PID controller as the fine-tuning value of the secondary loop output valve opening, and the lime slurry flow valve opening is adjusted to avoid problems such as frequent acid gas instantaneous exceeding of the standard, grouting lag and excessive grouting.

[0055] Among them, the lime slurry intelligent control model uses dynamic parameters as input parameters and the amount of lime slurry as output parameters.

[0056] In the present invention, the lime slurry intelligent control model adopts a BP neural network structure, and uses the historical operation data of the unit as training data. The training data includes flue gas flow, flue gas temperature, SO2 concentration, HCl concentration, boiler load, and lime slurry amount.

[0057] The training steps of the lime slurry intelligent control model based on BP neural network are as follows:

[0058] S1, collecting the flue gas flow rate, flue gas temperature, SO2 concentration, HCl concentration, boiler load and corresponding actual lime slurry dosage data at the reaction tower inlet as a training set;

[0059] S2, perform feature standardization preprocessing on the collected data;

[0060] S3. Divide the preprocessed data set into a training set and a test set, where the training set accounts for the majority, 80% is used to train the model, and the 20% test set is used to verify the generalization ability of the model;

[0061] S4. Preliminary design of BP neural network structure, including input layer, hidden layer and output layer, and determine the number of nodes in each layer. According to the empirical formula of hidden layer nodes, the interval of the number of hidden layer nodes is obtained;

[0062] S5, initialize weights and biases, usually using random initialization method;

[0063] S6. Train the BP neural network model and use the error back propagation algorithm (BP) to optimize the model parameters. Update the weights and biases through multiple rounds of iterations so that the prediction results of the neural network are constantly close to the actual values.

[0064] S7. Use the test set to evaluate the trained model and calculate the prediction error indicators, such as root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), etc.

[0065] S8. If the model performs poorly, the parameters of the neural network can be further adjusted, and finally the trained BP neural network model is determined for lime slurry quantity prediction.

[0066] In this embodiment, the optimal neural network structure is a 3-layer BP neural network structure, in which the number of input layer nodes is 5, the number of hidden layer nodes is 8, and the number of output layer nodes is 1.

[0067] In practical applications, the data such as the flue gas flow rate at the inlet of the reaction tower, flue gas temperature, SO2 concentration, HCl concentration and boiler load are input into the trained model to obtain the corresponding lime slurry dosage prediction results. Then, the corresponding lime slurry flow sets under different valves are screened out, and the valve opening can be calculated according to the lime slurry flow rate by fitting the functional relationship between the lime slurry amount and the valve opening. Similarly, the PID controller in the secondary loop corrects the total amount of slurry output by the feedforward and calculates the valve opening that needs to be corrected by fitting the function.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the calculation of the monthly emission calculation and judgment module includes:

[0069] Read the instantaneous emission concentration data values ​​of N groups of pollutants from the current hour to the previous cycle time (S i , T i ), the system records the call order n and the total number of system calls m; the call refers to calling data.

[0070] Calculate the emission mean value within the cycle time of the current retrieval sequence, the cumulative pollutant emissions under the total number of retrievals, the current emission progress, the time progress and the standard emission progress based on the retrieved data, and store the calculated data in the historical database;

[0071] Among them, the current emission progress, time progress and standard emission progress are used for judgment.

[0072] Average emission value during the stated period:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, Q ΔT,n,average is the average emission value during the cycle, in mg / (s·m 3 );S i is the pollutant emission concentration recorded for the ith time, in mg / m 3 ; T i is the instantaneous recording time, the unit is s, and ΔT is the cycle time, the unit is 24h.

[0075] Cumulative pollutant emissions under the total number of withdrawals:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, Q m,sum It is the cumulative pollutant emissions under the total number of times of withdrawal, in mg / m 3 .

[0078] The current emission progress:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, P m is the current emission progress, Q month The pollutant emission limit for the month, in mg / m 3 .

[0081] The time schedule:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, T m is the time progress, and Day is the total number of days in the month.

[0084] The standard emission schedule is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] Where P m,standard This is the standard emission schedule.

[0087] Furthermore, the judgment of the monthly emission calculation and judgment module includes:

[0088] Determine the current emission progress P m Is it less than the standard emission progress P? m,standard , if P m <P m,standard , then the outlet pollutant system maintains the set value unchanged;

[0089] Otherwise, it is determined whether the emission progress is less than the warning value. If so, the set value of the outlet pollutant system is adjusted downward. The warning value is obtained based on the garbage storage capacity and power plant operation data combined with expert opinions.

[0090] Otherwise, the garbage storage capacity is evaluated, and if the garbage storage capacity is sufficient, a shutdown signal is issued;

[0091] Otherwise, the monthly pollutant emission limits will be adjusted upwards, and recalculation and judgment will be made based on the adjusted monthly pollutant emission limits;

[0092] Determine whether the time progress reaches the total duration of the month. If yes, transmit the monthly pollutant emissions to the total pollutant emission allocation module. Otherwise, continue to perform periodic calculation and judgment on the monthly emissions.

[0093] Among them, the adjusted outlet pollutant system setting value is transmitted to the operation parameter adjustment module.

[0094] The reduction in the set value of the outlet pollutant system is calculated based on the monthly pollutant emissions, monthly pollutant limits and time schedule;

[0095]

[0096] ΔS=S x -S′ x

[0097] Among them, S x is the system setting value of the outlet pollutant in this cycle, S′ x It is the set value of the outlet pollutant system in the previous cycle, and ΔS is the downward adjustment value of the outlet pollutant system.

[0098] The waste storage capacity assessment predicts the amount of waste entering the plant within the remaining cycle time based on the time schedule and compares it with the existing waste capacity;

[0099] The predicted amount of waste entering the factory during the remaining cycle time is:

[0100]

[0101] The garbage storage capacity assessment and judgment conditions are:

[0102] k×M msw,pre >M msw,storage

[0103] Among them, M msw,pre is the predicted amount of waste entering the plant within the remaining cycle time, in kg, k is the proportionality coefficient, M month,pre The monthly predicted amount of garbage entering the plant, in kg;

[0104] The monthly pollutant emission limit adjustment is calculated based on the emission mean and time progress to obtain the upward adjustment value. The upward adjustment value calculation formula is as follows:

[0105]

[0106] This method considers determining the monthly pollutant emission limit based on the historical database and calculation rules under the total pollutant emission limit, obtains the monthly average garbage treatment share, and adjusts the outlet pollutant system setting value. The deacidification capacity of the reaction tower is judged according to the SO2 and HCl concentrations and concentration change rates at the reaction tower inlet, and the garbage incineration and reaction tower desulfurization parameters are quickly adjusted. The reaction tower adopts a lime slurry intelligent control strategy, which can reduce the number of instantaneous acid gas exceeding the standard, spraying lag, excessive spraying and total emission exceeding the discharge compared with the existing technology, thereby realizing efficient intelligent control of flue gas pollutant removal and total pollutant emission.

[0107] Embodiment 2:

[0108] This embodiment provides an AFC control system for the total amount of pollutant emissions from a waste incinerator, which is used to implement an AFC control method for the total amount of pollutant emissions from a waste incinerator. Figure 3 , the system includes a garbage bin intelligent manager, a data collector, a historical database, a pollutant emission controller, a reaction tower actuator and an incinerator actuator;

[0109] The garbage bin intelligent manager is used to classify the types of garbage, count the number of vehicles on the unloading platform and the amount of garbage, and store the garbage-related data in a historical database;

[0110] The data collector includes measuring instruments arranged at the entrance and exit of the reaction tower, in the waste incinerator, primary and secondary fans and atomizers, and the measured relevant parameters are stored in the historical database;

[0111] The pollutant emission controller obtains relevant parameters from the historical database and outputs control signals to the lime slurry flow control valve actuator and the incinerator actuator for adjustment;

[0112] The reaction tower actuator includes a lime slurry flow control valve actuator;

[0113] The incinerator actuator comprises a primary fan actuator, a secondary fan actuator and a grate speed actuator.

[0114] Specifically, the pollutant emission controller in this embodiment can perform calculations and processing according to the relevant parameters in the historical database based on the AFC control method for the total amount of pollutant emissions from the waste incinerator described in Example 1, and output a control signal for adjusting the boiler load and the lime slurry flow rate. The specific process will not be repeated here.

[0115] The use of this system can effectively solve the problem of reduced desulfurization performance caused by large changes in boiler load in the desulfurization system, achieve intensity control and total amount control of pollutant emissions, and improve the stability, economy and intelligence of the flue gas purification system operation.

Claims

1. An AFC control method for the total amount of pollutant emissions from waste incineration, characterized in that: The method uses a pollutant emission total amount allocation module, an operation parameter adjustment module and a monthly emission amount calculation and judgment module to achieve control; The pollutant emission total amount allocation module is used to obtain garbage historical data and pollutant emission total amount, allocate monthly pollutant emission limits using an emission quota allocation model, and transmit them to the monthly emission amount calculation and judgment module; The operating parameter adjustment module is used to obtain dynamic parameters and output feedback signals for adjusting boiler load and lime slurry flow; Record pollutant emission data and transmit it to the monthly emission calculation and judgment module; The boiler load is adjusted by primary and secondary air volume and grate speed, and the lime slurry flow is adjusted by the lime slurry intelligent control strategy; The monthly emission calculation and judgment module is used to obtain historical pollutant emission data, adjust the outlet pollutant system setting value through calculation and judgment and transmit it to the operation parameter adjustment module, correct the monthly pollutant emission limit value in combination with the garbage storage capacity, and calculate the monthly pollutant emission and transmit it to the total pollutant emission allocation module; The garbage historical data includes the time when garbage enters the factory, the amount of garbage entering the factory, the amount of garbage entering the furnace every day, and the amount of garbage stored in the garbage pit; The historical pollutant emission data include SO2 emission concentration, HCl emission concentration, and other gaseous pollutant emission concentrations; The dynamic parameters include flue gas flow rate at the reaction tower inlet, flue gas temperature, SO2 concentration, HCl concentration, and boiler load; The calculation of the monthly emission calculation and judgment module includes: Read the instantaneous emission concentration data values ​​of N groups of pollutants from the current hour to the previous cycle time within the cycle time, and the system records the retrieval order and the total number of retrievals; Calculate the emission mean value within the cycle time of the current retrieval sequence, the cumulative pollutant emissions under the total number of retrievals, the current emission progress, the time progress and the standard emission progress based on the retrieved data, and store the calculated data in the historical database; The current emission progress, time progress and standard emission progress are used for judgment; The judgment of the monthly emission calculation and judgment module includes: Determine whether the current emission progress is less than the standard emission progress. If so, the outlet pollutant system maintains the set value unchanged; otherwise, determine whether the emission progress is less than the warning value. If so, the outlet pollutant system set value is adjusted down; otherwise, evaluate the garbage storage capacity. If the garbage storage capacity is sufficient, issue a shutdown signal; otherwise, increase the monthly pollutant emission limit, and recalculate and judge based on the adjusted monthly pollutant emission limit; determine whether the time progress reaches the total duration of the month. If so, transmit the monthly pollutant emission to the total pollutant emission allocation module, otherwise continue to perform periodic calculation and judgment on the monthly emission; Among them, the adjusted outlet pollutant system setting value is transmitted to the operation parameter adjustment module.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The pollutant emission total allocation module allocates monthly pollutant emission limits using an emission quota allocation model, including: Based on the historical data of the time and amount of garbage entering the plant, the annual rate of change of garbage entering the plant is obtained, the amount of garbage entering the plant is predicted and the monthly garbage volume ratio is calculated. The monthly pollutant emission limit is obtained by combining the daily amount of garbage entering the furnace, the garbage storage in the garbage pit and the total amount of pollutant emissions; and / or The pollutant emission residual value is obtained according to the monthly pollutant emission transmitted by the monthly emission calculation and judgment module, and the monthly pollutant emission limit is reallocated.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The operating parameter adjustment module outputs a feedback signal for adjusting the boiler load and the lime slurry flow rate, including: judging whether the SO2 and HCl concentrations and the concentration change rates at the reaction tower inlet are greater than the limit values; if so, a load reduction signal is issued, the primary and secondary air volumes and the grate speed are adjusted, and when the operating data detection cycle is reached, the inlet conditions are re-judged; if less than the limit value, the lime slurry flow control valve opening is adjusted using the lime slurry intelligent control strategy.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The lime slurry intelligent control strategy adopts a feedforward-feedback load control strategy, in which dynamic parameters are input into the lime slurry intelligent control model, and the control signal is used as the main loop output to adjust the lime slurry flow valve opening, and the coarse adjustment value of the valve opening is output to achieve advance adjustment and economic injection of the lime slurry amount. The SO2 concentration and HCl concentration in the clean flue gas after deacidification are compared with the set value of the outlet pollutant system, and the difference is calculated as a secondary loop and passed through a PID controller, and the control signal is output to adjust the lime slurry flow control valve opening, and the fine adjustment value of the valve opening is output.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The lime slurry intelligent control model uses the historical operation data of the unit as training data, and the training data includes flue gas flow, flue gas temperature, SO2 concentration, HCl concentration, boiler load, and lime slurry amount, wherein the dynamic parameters are used as model input parameters and the lime slurry amount is used as model output parameters.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The lime slurry intelligent control model adopts a 3-layer BP neural network structure, in which the number of input layer nodes is 5, the number of hidden layer nodes is 8, and the number of output layer nodes is 1.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The adjustment of the monthly pollutant emission limit is calculated based on the emission mean and time progress to obtain an upward value.

8. An AFC control system for the total amount of pollutant emissions from waste incineration, characterized in that: It includes garbage bin intelligent manager, data collector, historical database, pollutant emission controller, reaction tower actuator and incinerator actuator; The garbage bin intelligent manager is used to classify the types of garbage, count the number of vehicles on the unloading platform and the amount of garbage, and store the garbage-related data in a historical database; The data collector is arranged at the entrance and exit of the reaction tower, in the garbage incinerator, and at the primary and secondary fans and atomizer measuring instruments, and the measured relevant parameters are stored in the historical database; The pollutant emission controller obtains relevant parameters from the historical database, and outputs feedback signals to the lime slurry flow control valve actuator and the incinerator actuator for adjustment according to the AFC control method for the total amount of pollutant emissions from waste incineration according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The reaction tower actuator includes a lime slurry flow control valve actuator; The incinerator actuator includes a primary fan actuator, a secondary fan actuator and a grate speed actuator.

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