An environmental monitoring device for field planting and its monitoring method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a monitoring device for the growth environment of field planting and its monitoring method, which includes a guide rail arranged above the field and a self-propelled platform that can move along the guide rail. A universal swing arm component is installed on the bottom surface of the self-propelled platform, and a measurement and control frame with adjustable spatial position and layout angle is installed at the bottom end of the universal swing arm component. A rotating frame driven by a indexing motor is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the measurement and control frame, and a mandrel driven by a servo motor is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating frame. A group of monitoring modules with different monitoring functions and distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly installed inside the rotating frame. This environmental monitoring device can realize the automatic sealing and positive pressure dust protection of the monitoring probe in the non-monitoring state. In the non-monitoring state, under the action of the compression spring, each monitoring shaft automatically houses the environmental monitoring probe at the bottom of the monitoring shaft in the protective tube and is sealed and protected by the protective tube to a certain extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring. Specifically, it relates to a monitoring device for the growth environment of field planting and a monitoring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Timely and accurately obtaining field environment information is a realistic requirement put forward by the current development of precision agriculture. Manually collecting field environment information is not only time-consuming and laborious, with limited data collection, but also greatly affected by human factors, making it difficult to ensure the accuracy of the data. To solve the technical problems raised in the above background art, in the prior art, a patent document with the publication number CN215865319U discloses a monitoring device for the growth environment of field planting, including a device body. The outer surface of the device body is provided with a sunscreen and heat insulation layer. A wind direction measuring member is fixedly connected to the top of the device body. Transparent protective covers are arranged on both sides of the wind direction measuring member. A light intensity sensor is arranged inside the transparent protective cover. A humidity sensor is fixedly arranged on one side of the device body. A dust sensor is fixedly arranged on the side of the device body away from the humidity sensor. Solar charging panels are arranged on both sides of the device body. The above device is provided with a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a pH monitoring device, a VOC sensor, a dust sensor, a light intensity sensor and a wind direction measuring member, which can perform real-time monitoring of the environment for different environmental factors, with comprehensive data, and can be used for multi-faceted observation and adjustment by staff. However, on the one hand, the above environmental monitoring device is not convenient to realize the automatic sealing and positive pressure dust protection of the monitoring probe in the non-monitoring state. On the other hand, it is not convenient to realize the self-cleaning and maintenance of the monitoring probe during monitoring. Moreover, the existing environmental monitoring device is not convenient to improve the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring device through a dynamic structure. Based on this, the present invention provides a monitoring device for the growth environment of field planting and a monitoring method thereof to solve the technical problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a monitoring device for the growth environment of field planting and a monitoring method thereof. This environmental monitoring device can realize the automatic sealing and positive pressure dust protection of the monitoring probe in the non-monitoring state. In the non-monitoring state, under the action of the compression spring, each monitoring shaft automatically houses the environmental monitoring probe at the bottom of the monitoring shaft in the protective tube and is sealed and protected by the protective tube to a certain extent.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions, a field planting growth environment monitoring device, the technical solution adopted is: comprising a guide rail arranged above the field and a self-propelled platform movable along the guide rail, a universal rocker arm component is installed on the bottom surface of the self-propelled platform, a measurement and control frame with adjustable spatial position and arrangement angle is installed on the bottom end of the universal rocker arm component, the inner wall of the measurement and control frame is rotatably connected to a transfer frame driven by a transfer motor, the inner wall of the transfer frame is rotatably connected to a core shaft driven by a servo motor, a group of monitoring modules distributed in a circular array and with different monitoring functions are fixedly installed inside the transfer frame, the surface of the measurement and control frame is respectively installed with positive dust suppression components and air supply components connected to the monitoring modules and a pressing component transmission-coordinated with the monitoring modules, the pressing component is driven by the core shaft, and a self-maintaining component is fixedly installed on the top of the measurement and control frame.

[0005] As a preferred solution, two symmetrically arranged synchronously moving power components are installed inside the self-propelled platform, a single-chip microcomputer is fixedly installed on the end face of the self-propelled platform, and an electric control box is fixedly installed on the side of the self-propelled platform. The electric control box contains batteries and remote central control modules respectively, and the ports of the batteries and the remote central control module are electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the universal rocker arm components respectively include a first rocker arm, a second rocker arm, a third rocker arm, an electric rotator fixed to the bottom surface of the self-propelled platform and a rotating plate installed on the rotating surface of the electric rotator, the tail end of the first rocker arm is hinged to the rotating plate, the tail end of the second rocker arm is hinged to the first rocker arm, the tail end of the third rocker arm is hinged to the second rocker arm, the surface of the third rocker arm is fixedly connected to the measurement and control frame, and a group of arm adjustment push rods are hinged between the relative surfaces of the first rocker arm and the rotating plate, between the relative surfaces of the second rocker arm and the first rocker arm, and between the relative surfaces of the third rocker arm and the second rocker arm.

[0007] The top end of the upper and lower pressure shafts are fixedly provided with a pressing plate, and the top end of the upper and lower pressure shafts are fixedly provided with a pressing plate, and the bottom end of the upper and lower pressure shafts are fixedly provided with a pressing plate, and the top end of the upper and lower pressure shafts are fixedly provided with a pressing plate, and the top end of the upper and lower pressure shafts are fixedly provided with a pressing plate, and the top end of the upper and lower pressure shafts are fixedly provided with a pressing plate, and the top end of the upper and lower pressure shafts are fixedly provided with a pressing plate, and the top end of the upper and lower pressure shafts are fixedly provided with a pressing plate, and the top end of the upper and lower pressure shafts are fixedly provided with a connecting bevel gear, and the two connecting bevel gears are meshed with each other.

[0008] As a preferred solution, an outer shaft groove with both ends open and slidably connected to the upper pressing shaft is fixedly provided inside the outer shaft sleeve, an inner shaft groove with an open top end and slidably connected to the lower pressing shaft is fixedly provided inside the upper pressing shaft, and the cross-sections of the outer shaft groove, the inner shaft groove, the upper pressing shaft, and the lower pressing shaft are all regular polygons.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the monitoring modules respectively include a protection tube fixed on the surface of the indexing frame and a guiding shaft seat rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protection tube. An end-open guiding shaft groove is fixedly provided inside the guiding shaft seat, a monitoring shaft is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guiding shaft groove, and the cross-sections of the monitoring shaft and the guiding shaft groove are both regular polygons. A driven disk cooperating with the pressing disk is fixedly installed at the top end of the monitoring shaft. A compression spring is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the monitoring shaft at a position corresponding to the space between the driven disk and the guiding shaft seat. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the monitoring shaft, the rotating rod is driven by an air supply component and rotates, the axis of the rotating rod is perpendicular to the axis of the monitoring shaft, environment monitoring probes are fixedly installed at both ends of the rotating rod, the two environment monitoring probes have the same model, the monitoring functions of the environment monitoring probes in each monitoring module are different, and a sealing disk cooperating with the protection tube is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the monitoring shaft.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the positive pressure dust suppression components respectively include a positive pressure pump fixed inside the measurement and control frame, a pressure dividing ring cavity opened inside the measurement and control frame, a wind dividing rotary pipe rotatably communicating with the outside of the pressure dividing ring cavity, and a pressure distribution ring cavity opened inside the protection tube. A group of positive pressure strip holes distributed in a circumferential array and communicating with the pressure distribution ring cavity are opened inside the protection tube. The outlet pressure port of the positive pressure pump is fixedly communicated with the pressure dividing ring cavity through a first pipeline, and the circumferential surface of the wind dividing rotary pipe is fixedly communicated with the pressure distribution ring cavity through a second pipeline.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the air supply components respectively include a blower fixed on the back of the measurement and control frame, an air inlet flow channel opened at the axis position of the core shaft, and air guiding flow channels opened inside the upper pressing shaft and the lower pressing shaft. A group of ventilation holes distributed in a circumferential array are opened inside the upper pressing shaft and the lower pressing shaft. The surface of the air inlet flow channel is communicated with the air guiding flow channels through the ventilation holes. A group of air moving blades distributed in a circumferential array are installed on the circumferential surface of the rotating rod at a position corresponding to the inside of the air guiding flow channel. An exhaust hole communicating with the air guiding flow channel is fixedly opened inside the sealing disk.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the self-maintenance components respectively include a vacuum cleaner fixed on the surface of the measurement and control frame and a self-maintenance cylinder arranged directly above the indexing frame and fixedly connected to the measurement and control frame. Cleaning cloth fluffs are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the self-maintenance cylinder. A negative pressure ring cavity is fixedly opened inside the self-maintenance cylinder. The dust suction end of the vacuum cleaner is fixedly communicated with the negative pressure ring cavity. Suction holes communicating with the negative pressure ring cavity are evenly distributed inside the self-maintenance cylinder.

[0013] As a preferred solution, a monitoring method for a monitoring device for the growth environment of field planting includes the following steps:

[0014] SS01. Deployment: At a specified height above the field to be detected, deploy a guide rail with a specified shape that can cover the entire field, and enable the self-propelled platform to move along the direction of the guide rail. In the non-monitoring state, under the action of the compression spring, each monitoring shaft automatically retracts the environmental monitoring probe at the bottom of the monitoring shaft into the protective tube and is sealed and protected by the protective tube to a certain extent. And in the non-monitoring state, the positive pressure pump fills the inside of the protective tube with sufficient positive pressure, and then conducts positive pressure protection on the environmental monitoring probe inside the protective tube;

[0015] SS02. Monitoring: During the monitoring operation, under the central control of an external central control personnel, the self-propelled platform drives the measurement and control frame to move to a specified monitoring position of the field to be detected. After the self-propelled platform finishes moving, under the driving action of the universal swing arm component, the measurement and control frame maintains a set distance from the planted crops or the field soil in the field, and the environmental monitoring probe with specified monitoring functions protrudes from the protective tube, and then quickly monitors the planted crops or the field soil in the field.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a monitoring device for the growth environment of field planting and its monitoring method, which has the following beneficial effects

[0017] 1. This environmental monitoring device can realize the automatic sealing and positive pressure dust-proof protection of the monitoring probe in the non-monitoring state. In the non-monitoring state, under the action of the compression spring, each monitoring shaft automatically retracts the environmental monitoring probe at the bottom of the monitoring shaft into the protective tube and is sealed and protected by the protective tube to a certain extent. And in the non-monitoring state, the positive pressure pump fills the inside of the protective tube with sufficient positive pressure, and then conducts positive pressure protection on the environmental monitoring probe inside the protective tube.

[0018] 2. Through the setting of the air supply component in the present invention, the environmental monitoring probe can rotate at a set speed during maintenance or monitoring operations. By the occurrence of the rotation state of the environmental monitoring probe, on the one hand, it can effectively improve the environmental monitoring uniformity and monitoring accuracy of the environmental monitoring probe during detection, and on the other hand, it can effectively improve the self-maintenance intensity and cleaning effect of the environmental monitoring probe.

[0019] 3. Through the setting of the self-maintenance component in the present invention, it can realize the surface self-dusting, self-vacuuming and self-maintenance of the environmental monitoring probe after environmental monitoring. By realizing the above maintenance functions, it can effectively improve the service life of the environmental monitoring probe and reduce the degree of being soiled of the environmental monitoring probe, and then assist in improving and maintaining the monitoring accuracy of the environmental monitoring probe. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring device for the growth environment of field planting according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the electric rotator and the third rocker arm of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the vacuum cleaner and the measurement and control rack of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram;

[0024] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Partial enlarged structural diagram at position A in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Partial enlarged structural diagram at position B in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Partial enlarged structural diagram at position C in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 4 Partial enlarged structural diagram at position D in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 4 Partial enlarged structural diagram at position E in the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Guide rail; 2. Self-propelled platform; 3. Measurement and control rack; 4. Indexing motor; 5. Indexing frame; 6. Servo motor; 7. Core shaft; 8. Single-chip microcomputer; 9. Electric control box; 10. First rocker arm; 11. Second rocker arm; 12. Third rocker arm; 13. Electric rotator; 14. Arm adjusting push rod; 15. Outer shaft sleeve; 16. Distance adjusting lead screw; 17. Pressing plate; 18. Lower pressing shaft; 19. Upper pressing shaft; 20. Pressing disc; 21. Protective tube; 22. Guide shaft seat; 23. Monitoring shaft; 24. Driven disc; 25. Rotary rod; 26. Environmental monitoring probe; 27. Compression spring; 28. Sealing disc; 29. Positive pressure pump; 30. Pressure dividing ring cavity; 31. Air dividing swirl tube; 32. Pressure distribution ring cavity; 33. Fan; 34. Inlet air flow channel; 35. Guide air flow channel; 36. Ventilation hole; 37. Pneumatic blade; 38. Exhaust hole; 39. Vacuum cleaner; 40. Self-maintenance cylinder; 41. Cleaning cloth fluff; 42. Dust suction hole; 43. Positive pressure strip hole. Specific embodiments

[0030] The present invention will be further described and explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings of the specification:

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1-9, the present invention: a monitoring device for the growth environment of field cultivation, and the technical solution adopted is: including a guide rail 1 arranged above the field and a self-propelled platform 2 that can move along the guide rail 1;

[0032] The layout spacing and layout shape of the guide rail 1 on the field can be customized according to actual monitoring requirements;

[0033] Two symmetrically arranged and synchronously moving power components are installed inside the self-propelled platform 2;

[0034] The power component can be selected from electric drive or oil drive;

[0035] The power component is a common component in the prior art and will not be elaborated here;

[0036] A single-chip microcomputer 8 is fixedly installed on the end face of the self-propelled platform 2, and an electric control box 9 is fixedly installed on the side face of the self-propelled platform 2. A storage battery and a remote central control module are respectively built in the electric control box 9, and the ports of the storage battery and the remote central control module are electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer 8;

[0037] Through the setting of the remote central control module, the monitoring device can be remotely controlled, and through the setting of the remote central control module, the monitoring data of the monitoring device can be remotely transmitted to an external central control terminal;

[0038] Both the single-chip microcomputer 8 and the remote central control module can be customized according to actual needs or selected by model;

[0039] A universal swing arm component is installed on the bottom surface of the self-propelled platform 2, and a measurement and control frame 3 with adjustable spatial position and layout angle is installed at the bottom end of the universal swing arm component;

[0040] The universal swing arm component respectively includes a first swing arm 10, a second swing arm 11, a third swing arm 12, an electric rotator 13 fixed to the bottom surface of the self-propelled platform 2 and a rotating plate installed on the rotating surface of the electric rotator 13. The tail end of the first swing arm 10 is hinged to the rotating plate, the tail end of the second swing arm 11 is hinged to the first swing arm 10, the tail end of the third swing arm 12 is hinged to the second swing arm 11, the surface of the third swing arm 12 is fixedly connected to the measurement and control frame 3, and a set of adjusting arm push rods 14 are hinged between the opposite surfaces of the first swing arm 10 and the rotating plate, between the opposite surfaces of the second swing arm 11 and the first swing arm 10, and between the opposite surfaces of the third swing arm 12 and the second swing arm 11;

[0041] Through the setting of the universal swing arm component, the spatial layout angle and spatial layout height of the measurement and control frame 3 can be adjusted in all directions. Through the realization of the above-mentioned all-direction adjustable effect, multi-position and multi-angle monitoring of the field can be achieved;

[0042] The inner wall of the measurement and control frame 3 is rotatably connected to a transfer frame 5 driven by a transfer motor 4, and the inner wall of the transfer frame 5 is rotatably connected to a core shaft 7 driven by a servo motor 6;

[0043] A group of monitoring modules distributed in a circular array and having different monitoring functions are fixedly installed inside the transfer frame 5. The surface of the measurement and control frame 3 is respectively installed with positive dust suppression components and air supply components connected to the monitoring modules and pressing components that cooperate with the monitoring modules in transmission. The pressing components are driven by the core shaft 7, and a self-maintaining component is fixedly installed on the top of the measurement and control frame 3.

[0044] The pressing components respectively include an outer sleeve 15 arranged on the inner side of the traverse frame 5 and rotatably connected to the measurement and control frame 3, and a pitch-adjusting screw 16 rotatably connected to the inner surface of the measurement and control frame 3 and driven by a motor. The axis of the pitch-adjusting screw 16 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the traverse frame 5. The circumferential side of the pitch-adjusting screw 16 is symmetrically provided with a positive thread portion and a reverse thread portion. The circumferential side of the positive thread portion and the reverse thread portion are both transmission-connected with a pressing plate 17.

[0045] By setting the forward threaded portion and the reverse threaded portion, the two pressing plates 17 can be synchronously moved toward each other or synchronously moved away from each other;

[0046] By moving the two pressing plates 17 closer to or farther from each other, the distance between the two pressing plates 17 is quickly changed;

[0047] By adjusting the distance between the two pressing plates 17, the layout positions of the upper pressing shaft 19 and the lower pressing shaft 18 can be quickly adjusted;

[0048] The inner wall of the lower pressing plate 17 is rotatably connected with a lower pressing shaft 18, and the inner wall of the upper pressing plate 17 is rotatably connected with an upper pressing shaft 19. The peripheral side of the upper pressing shaft 19 is transmission-connected and slidably matched with the outer sleeve 15. The inner part of the outer sleeve 15 is fixedly provided with an outer shaft groove with openings at both ends and slidably connected with the upper pressing shaft 19.

[0049] The circumferential side surface of the lower pressing shaft 18 is transmission-connected and slidingly matched with the upper pressing shaft 19;

[0050] The upper pressing shaft 19 is fixedly provided with an inner shaft groove with a top opening and slidably connected to the lower pressing shaft 18. The cross sections of the outer shaft groove, the inner shaft groove, the upper pressing shaft 19 and the lower pressing shaft 18 are all regular polygons.

[0051] The outer shaft groove, the inner shaft groove, the upper pressing shaft 19 and the lower pressing shaft 18 are arranged in regular polygonal cross-sections, so that when the upper pressing shaft 19 and the lower pressing shaft 18 reciprocate up and down, the outer shaft sleeve 15 can continuously drive and rotate the upper pressing shaft 19 and the lower pressing shaft 18;

[0052] A pressing disk 20 is fixedly installed at the top of the upper pressing shaft 19 and the bottom of the lower pressing shaft 18, and linkage bevel gears are fixedly installed on the circumferential side surface of the outer shaft sleeve 15 and the tail end of the core shaft 7, and the two linkage bevel gears are meshed with each other.

[0053] The monitoring module respectively includes a protective tube 21 fixed on the surface of the indexing frame 5 and a guiding shaft seat 22 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective tube 21. A guiding shaft groove with both ends open is fixedly formed inside the guiding shaft seat 22, and a monitoring shaft 23 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guiding shaft groove. The cross sections of the monitoring shaft 23 and the guiding shaft groove are both regular polygons.

[0054] Through the setting of the regular polygon cross sections of the guiding shaft groove and the monitoring shaft 23, the monitoring shaft 23 can be correctly guided.

[0055] A rotating rod 25 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the monitoring shaft 23. The rotating rod 25 is driven by an air supply component and rotates. The axis of the rotating rod 25 is perpendicular to the axis of the monitoring shaft 23.

[0056] Environmental monitoring probes 26 are fixedly installed at both ends of the rotating rod 25. The two environmental monitoring probes 26 have the same model, and the monitoring functions of the environmental monitoring probes 26 in each monitoring module are different. A sealing disk 28 cooperating with the protective tube 21 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the monitoring shaft 23.

[0057] The environmental monitoring probe 26 can be selected as a temperature and humidity probe, an oxygen concentration probe, a carbon dioxide concentration probe, a soil moisture sensor, etc.

[0058] The positive pressure dust suppression components respectively include a positive pressure pump 29 fixed inside the measurement and control frame 3, a pressure dividing ring cavity 30 opened inside the measurement and control frame 3, a wind dividing rotating pipe 31 rotatably communicated with the outside of the pressure dividing ring cavity 30, and a pressure distributing ring cavity 32 opened inside the protective tube 21. A group of positive pressure strip holes 43 distributed in a circumferential array and communicated with the pressure distributing ring cavity 32 are opened inside the protective tube 21. The pressure output port of the positive pressure pump 29 is fixedly communicated with the pressure dividing ring cavity 30 through a first pipeline, and the circumferential side surface of the wind dividing rotating pipe 31 is fixedly communicated with the pressure distributing ring cavity 32 through a second pipeline.

[0059] Through the setting of the positive pressure pump 29 and the positive pressure dust suppression components, when the environmental monitoring probe 26 is in a non-use state, it can be effectively protected by positive pressure dust suppression, thereby effectively improving the service life of the environmental monitoring probe 26 and reducing the degree of being soiled of the environmental monitoring probe 26, and thus assisting in improving the monitoring accuracy of the environmental monitoring probe 26.

[0060] The air supply components respectively include a blower 33 fixed to the back of the measurement and control frame 3, an air inlet flow channel 34 opened at the axial position of the mandrel 7, and air guiding flow channels 35 opened inside the upper pressing shaft 19 and the lower pressing shaft 18. A group of ventilation holes 36 distributed in a circumferential array are opened inside both the upper pressing shaft 19 and the lower pressing shaft 18. The surface of the air inlet flow channel 34 is communicated with the air guiding flow channels 35 through the ventilation holes 36. A group of pneumatic blades 37 distributed in a circumferential array are installed on the circumferential side of the rotating rod 25 and at positions corresponding to the inside of the air guiding flow channels 35. An exhaust hole 38 communicated with the air guiding flow channel 35 is fixedly opened inside the sealing disk 28.

[0061] Through the setting of the air supply components, the environmental monitoring probe 26 can rotate at a set speed during maintenance or monitoring operations. Through the occurrence of the rotation state of the environmental monitoring probe 26, on the one hand, it can effectively improve the environmental monitoring uniformity and monitoring accuracy of the environmental monitoring probe 26 during detection, and on the other hand, it can effectively improve the self-maintenance intensity and cleaning effect of the environmental monitoring probe 26.

[0062] The self-maintenance components respectively include a vacuum cleaner 39 fixed to the surface of the measurement and control frame 3 and a self-maintenance cylinder 40 arranged directly above the indexing frame 5 and fixedly connected to the measurement and control frame 3. Cleaning cloth fluff 41 is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the self-maintenance cylinder 40. A negative pressure annular cavity is fixedly opened inside the self-maintenance cylinder 40. The dust suction end of the vacuum cleaner 39 is fixedly communicated with the negative pressure annular cavity. Suction holes 42 communicated with the negative pressure annular cavity are evenly distributed inside the self-maintenance cylinder 40.

[0063] Through the setting of the cleaning cloth fluff 41 and the suction holes 42, efficient decontamination and self-cleaning of the surface of the environmental monitoring probe 26 are realized.

[0064] A monitoring method for an environmental monitoring device for field planting growth environment includes the following steps:

[0065] SS01, Layout: At a specified height above the field to be detected, a guide rail 1 with a specified shape and capable of covering the entire field is laid out, and the self-propelled platform 2 can move along the direction of the guide rail 1. In the non-monitoring state, under the action of the compression spring 27, each monitoring shaft 23 automatically houses the environmental monitoring probe 26 at the bottom of the monitoring shaft 23 in the protective tube 21 and is sealed and protected by the protective tube 21 to a certain extent. And in the non-monitoring state, the positive pressure pump 29 fills the inside of the protective tube 21 with sufficient positive pressure, and then conducts positive pressure protection on the environmental monitoring probe 26 inside the protective tube 21.

[0066] SS02. Monitoring. During the monitoring operation, under the central control of the external central control personnel, the self-propelled platform 2 drives the measurement and control frame 3 to move to the designated monitoring position in the field to be detected. After the self-propelled platform 2 has completed its movement, under the driving action of the universal swing arm component, the measurement and control frame 3 maintains a set distance from the plants in the field or the field soil. The environmental monitoring probe 26 with the designated monitoring function extends out of the protective tube 21, and then quickly monitors the plants in the field or the field soil.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmental monitoring device for field planting growth, comprising a guide rail (1) arranged above the field and a self - walking platform (2) that can move along the guide rail (1), characterized in that: The bottom surface of the self - walking platform (2) is installed with a universal swing arm component. The bottom end of the universal swing arm component is installed with a measurement and control frame (3) with adjustable spatial position and layout angle. The inner wall of the measurement and control frame (3) is rotatably connected with a rotation frame (5) driven by a rotation motor (4). The inner wall of the rotation frame (5) is rotatably connected with a core shaft (7) driven by a servo motor (6). A group of monitoring modules with different monitoring functions and distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly installed inside the rotation frame (5). The surface of the measurement and control frame (3) is respectively installed with a positive - pressure dust - suppressing component, an air - supply component communicated with the monitoring module, and a pressing component in transmission cooperation with the monitoring module. The pressing component is driven by the core shaft (7). The top of the measurement and control frame (3) is fixedly installed with a self - maintenance component; The monitoring modules respectively include a protection tube (21) fixed on the surface of the rotation frame (5) and a guiding shaft seat (22) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protection tube (21). A guiding shaft groove with both ends open is fixedly opened inside the guiding shaft seat (22). A monitoring shaft (23) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guiding shaft groove. The cross - sections of the monitoring shaft (23) and the guiding shaft groove are both regular polygons. The top end of the monitoring shaft (23) is fixedly installed with a driven disk (24) cooperating with a pressing disk (20). A compression - resistant spring (27) is sleeved on the circumferential side of the monitoring shaft (23) corresponding to the position between the driven disk (24) and the guiding shaft seat (22). The bottom end of the monitoring shaft (23) is rotatably connected with a rotating rod (25). The rotating rod (25) is driven by the air - supply component and rotates. The axis of the rotating rod (25) is perpendicular to the axis of the monitoring shaft (23). Environment - monitoring probes (26) are fixedly installed at both ends of the rotating rod (25). The models of the two environment - monitoring probes (26) are the same, and the monitoring functions of the environment - monitoring probes (26) in each monitoring module are different. The bottom end of the monitoring shaft (23) is fixedly installed with a sealing disk (28) cooperating with the protection tube (21); The positive - pressure dust - suppressing components respectively include a positive - pressure pump (29) fixed inside the measurement and control frame (3), a pressure - dividing ring cavity (30) opened inside the measurement and control frame (3), a wind - dividing rotary tube (31) rotatably communicated with the outside of the pressure - dividing ring cavity (30), and a pressure - distributing ring cavity (32) opened inside the protection tube (21). A group of positive - pressure strip holes (43) distributed in a circumferential array and communicated with the pressure - distributing ring cavity (32) are opened inside the protection tube (21). The outlet pressure port of the positive - pressure pump (29) is fixedly communicated with the pressure - dividing ring cavity (30) through a first pipeline. The circumferential side of the wind - dividing rotary tube (31) is fixedly communicated with the pressure - distributing ring cavity (32) through a second pipeline; The air supply components respectively include a fan (33) fixed to the back of the measurement and control frame (3), an air inlet flow channel (34) opened at the axis position of the core shaft (7), and air guiding flow channels (35) opened inside the upper pressing shaft (19) and the lower pressing shaft (18). A group of ventilation holes (36) distributed in a circumferential array are opened inside both the upper pressing shaft (19) and the lower pressing shaft (18). The surface of the air inlet flow channel (34) is communicated with the air guiding flow channel (35) through the ventilation holes (36). A group of pneumatic blades (37) distributed in a circumferential array are installed on the circumferential side of the rotating rod (25) corresponding to the inside of the air guiding flow channel (35). An exhaust hole (38) communicated with the air guiding flow channel (35) is fixedly opened inside the sealing disc (28).

2. The monitoring device for the growth environment of field planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two symmetrically arranged and synchronously moving power components are installed inside the self-propelled platform (2). A single-chip microcomputer (8) is fixedly installed on the end face of the self-propelled platform (2). An electric control box (9) is fixedly installed on the side of the self-propelled platform (2). A storage battery and a remote central control module are respectively built inside the electric control box (9). The ports of the storage battery and the remote central control module are electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer (8).

3. The monitoring device for the growth environment of field planting according to claim 1, wherein: The universal swing arm components respectively include a first swing arm (10), a second swing arm (11), a third swing arm (12), an electric rotator (13) fixed to the bottom surface of the self-propelled platform (2), and a rotating plate installed on the rotating surface of the electric rotator (13). The tail end of the first swing arm (10) is hinged to the rotating plate. The tail end of the second swing arm (11) is hinged to the first swing arm (10). The tail end of the third swing arm (12) is hinged to the second swing arm (11). The surface of the third swing arm (12) is fixedly connected to the measurement and control frame (3). A group of swing arm push rods (14) are hinged between the opposite surfaces of the first swing arm (10) and the rotating plate, between the opposite surfaces of the second swing arm (11) and the first swing arm (10), and between the opposite surfaces of the third swing arm (12) and the second swing arm (11).

4. The field planting growth environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing components respectively include an outer sleeve (15) arranged on the inner side of the traverse frame (5) and rotatably connected to the measurement and control frame (3) and a pitch-adjusting screw (16) rotatably connected to the inner surface of the measurement and control frame (3) and driven by a motor, the circumferential side surface of the pitch-adjusting screw (16) being symmetrically provided with a positive thread portion and a reverse thread portion, the circumferential side surfaces of the positive thread portion and the reverse thread portion being transmission-connected to a pressing plate (17), the axis of the pitch-adjusting screw (16) being perpendicular to the rotation axis of the traverse frame (5), the inner wall of the lower side of the pressing plate (17) being rotationally connected to the inner surface of the measurement and control frame (3) A lower pressure shaft (18) is connected, and the inner wall of the upper pressure plate (17) is rotatably connected to the upper pressure shaft (19). The peripheral side surface of the upper pressure shaft (19) is transmission-connected and slidably matched with the outer sleeve (15). The peripheral side surface of the lower pressure shaft (18) is transmission-connected and slidably matched with the upper pressure shaft (19). The top end of the upper pressure shaft (19) and the bottom end of the lower pressure shaft (18) are both fixedly mounted with a pressure plate (20). The peripheral side surface of the outer sleeve (15) and the tail end of the core shaft (7) are both fixedly mounted with linked bevel teeth, and the two linked bevel teeth are meshed with each other.

5. The monitoring device for the growth environment of field planting according to claim 4, wherein: The outer shaft sleeve (15) is provided with an outer shaft groove with openings at both ends and slidably connected to the upper pressing shaft (19), and the upper pressing shaft (19) is provided with an inner shaft groove with an opening at the top end and slidably connected to the lower pressing shaft (18). The cross-sections of the outer shaft groove, the inner shaft groove, the upper pressing shaft (19) and the lower pressing shaft (18) are all regular polygons.

6. The field planting growth environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-maintaining components respectively include a vacuum cleaner (39) fixed to the surface of the measurement and control frame (3) and a self-maintaining cylinder (40) arranged directly above the transfer frame (5) and fixedly connected to the measurement and control frame (3); the inner wall of the self-maintaining cylinder (40) is evenly covered with cleaning cloth flannel (41); a negative pressure ring cavity is fixedly opened inside the self-maintaining cylinder (40); the vacuum end of the vacuum cleaner (39) is fixedly connected to the negative pressure ring cavity; and the interior of the self-maintaining cylinder (40) is evenly covered with vacuum holes (42) connected to the negative pressure ring cavity.

7. The monitoring method of a monitoring device for the growth environment of field planting according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: SS01, deployment, deploying a guide rail (1) having a specified shape and capable of covering the entire field at a specified height above the field to be inspected, and enabling the self-propelled platform (2) to move along the guide rail (1), and in a non-monitoring state, each monitoring shaft (23) automatically causes the environmental monitoring probe (26) at the bottom of the monitoring shaft (23) to be stored in the protective tube (21) and sealed and protected by the protective tube (21) under the action of the compression spring (27), and in a non-monitoring state, the positive pressure pump (29) charges a sufficient amount of positive pressure into the interior of the protective tube (21), and then performs positive pressure protection on the environmental monitoring probe (26) inside the protective tube (21); SS02. Monitoring: During the monitoring operation, under the central control of external central control personnel, the self-propelled platform (2) drives the measurement and control frame (3) to move to the designated monitoring position in the large field to be detected. After the self-propelled platform (2) has completed its movement, under the driving action of the universal swing arm component, the measurement and control frame (3) maintains a set distance from the planted crops or the large field soil in the large field. The environmental monitoring probe (26) with the designated monitoring function extends out from the protective tube (21), and then quickly monitors the planted crops or the large field soil in the large field.

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