A hydrogen-oxygen combustion device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hydrogen-oxygen combustion device, which belongs to the technical field of combustion devices, and includes a burner. A combustion chamber is arranged on one side of the burner. The burner is arranged as a three-layer structure from the inside to the outside, and the three-layer structure is not connected to each other. The inner layer of the burner is arranged as a hydrogen-water vapor mixing pipe, the middle layer of the burner is arranged as an oxygen-water vapor mixing pipe, and the outer layer of the burner is arranged as a water vapor pipe; an igniter is arranged on one side of the combustion chamber close to the burner, and a plurality of temperature measuring points are also arranged inside the combustion chamber. The present invention includes a hydrogen-oxygen burner and a combustion chamber. The flame temperature speed is controlled by adjusting the water vapor content in the hydrogen-water mixture, the flame length is controlled by the water vapor content in the oxygen-water mixture, and the overall temperature is controlled by the outer layer water vapor flow rate, so that the combustion temperature can be reduced to a range that the machine can bear; during the reaction process of the burner, there are only hydrogen-oxygen water vapor, which completely avoids the generation of NOx, and the product water vapor can be used for subsequent utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of combustion devices, and particularly to a hydrogen-oxygen combustion device. Background Art

[0002] Traditional gas turbines usually use lean premixed combustion technology to mix and burn with air, which is currently the main technology for reducing NOx emissions and has also been extended to hydrogen-doped steam turbines. Pure hydrogen steam turbines use hydrogen to burn with compressed air, and measures such as installing a nozzle in the center of the hydrogen pipeline and using a multi-hole nozzle are used to avoid flashback.

[0003] However, gas turbines, hydrogen-doped or pure hydrogen steam turbines all have disadvantages: the relatively high flame temperature of gas turbines will promote the generation of NOx, while hydrogen-doped or pure hydrogen steam turbines, due to using air for combustion support, higher temperatures will inevitably result in the generation of more thermal NOx.

[0004] Since the pure hydrogen-oxygen combustion can reach above 3000 degrees Celsius, the technology is limited by the high temperature far beyond the bearing range of the blades of existing devices, but it will not contact with nitrogen, so NOx will not be generated at all. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen-oxygen combustion device to solve the problem that existing gas turbines, hydrogen-doped or pure hydrogen steam turbines will all generate nitrogen oxides, causing environmental pollution.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A hydrogen-oxygen combustion device of the present invention includes a burner. One side of the burner is provided with a combustion chamber. The burner is arranged in a three-layer structure from the inside to the outside, and the three-layer structures are not connected to each other. The inner layer of the burner is arranged as a hydrogen-water vapor mixing pipeline, the middle layer of the burner is arranged as an oxygen-water vapor mixing pipeline, and the outer layer of the burner is arranged as a water vapor pipeline; a igniter is arranged on one side of the combustion chamber close to the burner, and a plurality of temperature measurement points are also arranged inside the combustion chamber.

[0008] Further, one end of the hydrogen-water vapor mixing pipeline is connected to a hydrogen branch pipe, and one side of the hydrogen branch pipe is connected to a first water vapor branch pipe.

[0009] Still further, oxygen branch pipes are connected to both the upper and lower sides of the oxygen-water vapor mixing pipeline, and one side of the oxygen branch pipe is connected to a second water vapor branch pipe.

[0010] Still further, third water vapor branch pipes are connected to both the upper and lower sides of the water vapor pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, a water vapor flow regulating mechanism is installed on the first water vapor branch pipe, the second water vapor branch pipe, and the third water vapor branch pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, at least two temperature measurement points are provided.

[0013] Furthermore, a thermocouple thermometer is installed at the temperature measurement point.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] The present invention provides a gas turbine that can control the temperature protection device by adjusting the water vapor flow, and at the same time, the product is only pure water vapor and does not produce NOx; the present invention includes a hydrogen-oxygen burner and a combustion chamber. The injected water vapor is divided into three parts. By adjusting the water vapor content in the hydrogen-water mixture, the flame temperature and speed can be controlled. By adjusting the water vapor content in the oxygen-water mixture, the length of the flame can be controlled. By controlling the outer water vapor flow rate, the overall temperature can be controlled, and the combustion temperature can be reduced to the range that the machine can withstand; at the same time, during the reaction of the burner, there is only hydrogen, oxygen, and water vapor, completely avoiding the generation of NOx. The product water vapor can be used subsequently, so it can have the effects of controlling the temperature with water vapor and not producing NOx. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydrogen-oxygen combustion device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the burner of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the hydrogen and water vapor mixing pipeline of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the oxygen and water vapor mixing pipeline of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the oxygen and water vapor mixing pipeline of the present invention in the A-A direction;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the water vapor pipeline of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the water vapor pipeline of the present invention in the B-B direction.

[0024] Description of reference numerals: 1. Burner; 11. Hydrogen-steam mixing pipeline; 11-1. First steam branch pipe; 11-2. Hydrogen branch pipe; 12. Oxygen-steam mixing pipeline; 12-1. Second steam branch pipe; 12-2. Oxygen branch pipe; 13. Steam pipeline; 13-1. Third steam branch pipe; 14. Steam flow controller; 2. Combustion chamber; 21. Igniter; 22. Thermocouple thermometer. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] As Figure 1-7 shown, a hydrogen-oxygen combustion device includes a burner 1, and a combustion chamber 2 is arranged on one side of the burner 1. The inlet of the combustion chamber 2 is connected to the gas outlet of the burner 1.

[0026] The burner 1 is arranged in a three-layer structure from the inside to the outside. The three-layer structures are not connected to each other. The three-layer structures of the burner 1 are respectively connected to different high-pressure gas injection pipelines, and gas is injected into the combustion chamber 2 through the outlet of the burner 1. The inner layer of the burner 1 is arranged as a hydrogen-steam mixing pipeline 11, the middle layer of the burner 1 is arranged as an oxygen-steam mixing pipeline 12, and the outer layer of the burner 1 is arranged as a steam pipeline 13.

[0027] One end of the hydrogen-steam mixing pipeline 11 is connected with a hydrogen branch pipe 11-2, and one side of the hydrogen branch pipe 11-2 is connected with a first steam branch pipe 11-1. High-pressure hydrogen enters the hydrogen-steam mixing pipeline 11 through the hydrogen branch pipe 11-2, and steam enters the hydrogen branch pipe 11-2 through the first steam branch pipe 11-1. Hydrogen and steam pass through the hydrogen-steam mixing pipeline 11 and are mixed in the pipe. The hydrogen-steam mixing pipeline 11 directly enters the combustion chamber 2 through a nozzle.

[0028] Both the upper and lower sides of the oxygen-steam mixing pipeline 12 are connected with oxygen branch pipes 12-2, and one side of the oxygen branch pipe 12-2 is connected with a second steam branch pipe 12-1. High-pressure oxygen enters the oxygen-steam mixing pipeline 12 through the oxygen branch pipe 12-2, and steam enters the oxygen branch pipe 12-2 through the second steam branch pipe 12-1. As Figure 5 shown, the oxygen-steam mixing pipeline 12 is at least divided into two pipes and arranged tangentially and equidistantly in the burner 1, and spirally enters the combustion chamber 2 through the outlet of the burner 1, and performs spiral mixing in the combustion chamber 2, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of hydrogen flame flashback.

[0029] Both the upper and lower sides of the steam pipeline 13 are connected with third steam branch pipes 13-1. As Figure 7 shown, the steam pipeline 13 is at least divided into two pipes and arranged tangentially and equidistantly in the burner 1, and spirally enters the combustion chamber 2 through the outlet of the burner 1, and water or steam is introduced into the combustion chamber 2.

[0030] Steam flow regulating mechanisms are installed on the first steam branch pipe 11-1, the second steam branch pipe 12-1, and the third steam branch pipe 13-1. The steam flow regulating mechanism is a steam flow controller 14, and the steam flow controller 14 can regulate the steam flow rate and is used to adjust the steam content in the mixed gas.

[0031] The steam flow controller 14 can adjust the steam concentration in the two kinds of mixed gases by controlling the steam flow rate: the water content in the hydrogen-steam mixed pipeline 11 mainly changes the flame combustion temperature by affecting the hydrogen concentration and slows down the hydrogen flame speed to prevent flashback; the adjustment of the water content in the oxygen-steam mixed pipeline 12 mainly affects the flame length by affecting the oxygen concentration; the pure hydrogen-oxygen mixed combustion can reach a high temperature of over 3000°C, far exceeding the temperature range that the existing devices and blades can withstand. The separate steam pipeline 13 can appropriately reduce the temperature to protect the machine by adjusting the overall steam content.

[0032] An igniter 21 is installed on one side of the interior of the combustion chamber 2 close to the burner 1, and multiple temperature measurement points are also arranged inside the combustion chamber 2; the igniter 21 can use high-voltage arc ignition or other methods for ignition.

[0033] At least two temperature measurement points are provided and arranged at different positions in the combustion chamber 2; a thermocouple thermometer 22 is installed at the temperature measurement point; the thermocouple temperature measurement point is used to control the steam flow regulating device.

[0034] When two temperature measurement points are provided, one of the temperature measurement points is located at the entrance of the combustion chamber 2, which is the position where the burner flame occurs, used to monitor the flame temperature and feedback to the valve of the hydrogen-steam mixed pipeline to adjust the flame temperature; the other temperature measurement point is located in the middle section or at the outlet of the combustion chamber 2, which is the middle or rear part of the flame, used to monitor the flame length and the overall temperature inside the combustion chamber.

[0035] When three temperature measurement points are provided, one of the temperature measurement points is located at the entrance of the combustion chamber 2, another temperature measurement point is located in the middle section of the combustion chamber 2, and the third temperature measurement point is located at the outlet of the combustion chamber 2.

[0036] The present invention includes a burner, a combustion chamber, and a fuel pipeline. The fuel pipeline includes a hydrogen-water vapor mixing pipeline, an oxygen-water vapor mixing pipeline, and a water vapor pipeline. Hydrogen and oxygen are mixed with water vapor and are respectively sprayed into the combustion chamber from the fuel pipeline for combustion, without generating NOx gas. The water vapor content is controlled by multiple flame temperature measurement points to control the regulating valve to adjust the flame temperature and length, and the spiral flow field of hydrogen and oxygen is used to avoid flashback. Water vapor is separately sprayed into the outermost layer to adjust the overall temperature, effectively avoiding the damage of the outer shell and blades caused by the high-temperature combustion of hydrogen.

[0037] In another embodiment, the oxygen branch pipe 12-2 or the third water vapor branch pipe 13-1 on the oxygen-water vapor mixing pipeline 12 or the water vapor pipeline 13 of the present invention may also be arranged radially inclined or two or more branch pipes may be arranged at equal intervals; specifically, taking the oxygen-water vapor mixing pipeline 12 as an example, in another embodiment, two oxygen branch pipes 12-2 may be arranged radially inclined; in addition, the number of oxygen branch pipes 12-2 may not only be set to two, but also be set to three or more, and multiple oxygen branch pipes 12-2 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the oxygen-water vapor mixing pipeline 12.

[0038] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen-oxygen combustion device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a burner (1), wherein a combustion chamber (2) is arranged on one side of the burner (1), the burner (1) is arranged as a three-layer structure from the inside to the outside, the three-layer structure is not connected to each other, the inner layer of the burner (1) is arranged as a hydrogen-water vapor mixing pipe (11), the middle layer of the burner (1) is arranged as an oxygen-water vapor mixing pipe (12), and the outer layer of the burner (1) is arranged as a water vapor pipe (13); an igniter (21) is arranged on one side of the combustion chamber (2) close to the burner (1), and a plurality of temperature measuring points are also arranged inside the combustion chamber (2); One end of the hydrogen-water vapor mixing pipeline (11) is connected to a hydrogen branch pipe (11-2), and one side of the hydrogen branch pipe (11-2) is connected to a first water vapor branch pipe (11-1); The upper and lower sides of the oxygen-water vapor mixing pipe (12) are both connected to oxygen branch pipes (12-2), and one side of the oxygen branch pipe (12-2) is connected to a second water vapor branch pipe (12-1); The upper and lower sides of the water vapor pipeline (13) are both connected to a third water vapor branch pipe (13-1); The first water vapor branch pipe (11-1), the second water vapor branch pipe (12-1) and the third water vapor branch pipe (13-1) are installed with water vapor flow regulating mechanisms.

2. The hydrogen-oxygen combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature measuring points are set to at least two.

3. The hydrogen-oxygen combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A thermocouple thermometer (22) is installed at the temperature measurement point.

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