A bridge maintenance method and system based on bridge defect degree

Abstract

The invention discloses a bridge maintenance method and system based on bridge defect degree, which belongs to the field of data processing technology. The method comprises: obtaining defect score data of each bridge in terms of bridge deck structure, load-bearing structure and supporting structure; calculating the bridge deck structure defect degree, load-bearing structure defect degree and supporting structure defect degree of each bridge according to the defect score data; obtaining weight coefficients of the bridge deck structure, load-bearing structure and supporting structure; calculating the overall defect degree of each bridge according to the bridge deck structure defect degree, load-bearing structure defect degree and supporting structure defect degree of each bridge and the weight coefficients of the bridge deck structure, load-bearing structure and supporting structure; determining the maintenance strategy level of each bridge according to the overall defect degree of each bridge; determining the maintenance plan of each bridge according to the maintenance strategy level of each bridge; determining the optimal bridge maintenance plan through a bridge maintenance model with the goal of minimizing the total cost and minimizing the total defect degree of the bridge after a preset time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of data processing, and in particular relates to a bridge maintenance method and system based on bridge defect degree. Background Art

[0002] Bridges are an important part of highways. Ensuring that the in-service highway bridges are in good technical condition is not only conducive to driving safety and comfort, but also can ensure the smooth operation of the highway network and regional social and economic benefits. According to incomplete statistics, more than half of the existing bridges in my country are designed long ago, and are mainly distributed on highways with low technical standards and poor traffic capacity. The common feature of these bridges is that they have different degrees of defects as their service life increases. In addition, the current overloading and over-limit phenomenon is becoming more and more serious, and the design load can no longer meet the current traffic requirements. Therefore, most of them have hidden dangers that affect the safe use of bridges.

[0003] The current investment focus is on infrastructure construction, so maintenance funds are relatively limited and often cannot meet the maintenance work of all bridges. Therefore, it is a common concern to accurately evaluate existing bridges, reasonably allocate limited maintenance funds, and optimize bridge maintenance plans so that bridges can achieve the greatest economic benefits during their service life.

[0004] At present, the maintenance of bridges is often carried out in the form of investigation and evaluation. The degree of damage of each bridge is evaluated, and maintenance funds are allocated to bridges with greater damage first. However, focusing maintenance resources on bridges with greater damage may lead to insufficient maintenance of other bridges. This unbalanced resource allocation may cause hidden dangers on some bridges. If problems occur in the future, it will increase future maintenance costs in disguise, causing a further shortage of maintenance funds. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem that the current maintenance resources are mainly concentrated on bridges with greater defects, which may lead to insufficient maintenance of other bridges, and such unbalanced resource allocation may cause hidden dangers on some bridges, and problems in the future will increase future maintenance costs in disguise, causing further shortage of maintenance funds, the present invention provides a bridge maintenance method and system based on bridge defect degree.

[0006] First aspect

[0007] The present invention provides a bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree, comprising:

[0008] S1: Obtain the defect score data of each bridge in terms of bridge deck structure, load-bearing structure and supporting structure;

[0009] S2: Calculating the bridge deck structure defect degree, load-bearing structure defect degree and supporting structure defect degree of each bridge according to the defect scoring data;

[0010] S3: Obtain weight coefficients of the bridge deck structure, load-bearing structure and supporting structure;

[0011] S4: Calculate the overall defect degree of each bridge according to the defect degree of the bridge deck structure, the defect degree of the load-bearing structure and the defect degree of the supporting structure of each bridge and the weight coefficients of the bridge deck structure, the load-bearing structure and the supporting structure;

[0012] S5: Determine the maintenance strategy level of each bridge based on the overall defect degree of each bridge;

[0013] S6: Determine the maintenance plan for each bridge according to the maintenance strategy level of each bridge;

[0014] S7: With the goal of minimizing the total cost and minimizing the total degree of damage of the bridge after a preset period of time, a bridge maintenance model is constructed, and the optimal bridge maintenance plan is determined through the bridge maintenance model.

[0015] Second aspect

[0016] The present invention provides a bridge maintenance system based on bridge defect degree, comprising a processor and a memory for storing processor executable instructions; the processor is configured to call the instructions stored in the memory to execute the bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree in the first aspect.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] (1) In the present invention, by constructing a bridge maintenance model, with the goal of minimizing the total cost and minimizing the total degree of damage of the bridge after a preset period of time, a more scientific optimization decision is made to avoid concentrating maintenance resources mainly on bridges with larger degrees of damage, reduce bridge hazards, and help make maintenance plans more economical, more balanced, and more effective, thereby reducing future maintenance costs.

[0019] (2) In the present invention, the maintenance strategy level is set according to the overall defect degree of the bridge, which can allocate maintenance resources more specifically, help to take appropriate maintenance measures for different bridges under limited resources, and improve maintenance efficiency.

[0020] (3) In the present invention, by obtaining the defect score data of the bridge in terms of the bridge deck structure, the load-bearing structure and the supporting structure, the method realizes a comprehensive assessment of the bridge structure. Rather than focusing on a single structural part, the defects of the entire structure are taken into consideration, which helps to more accurately understand the health status of the bridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The preferred implementation modes will be described below in a clear and understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bridge maintenance system based on bridge defect degree provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] In order to simplify the drawings, only the parts related to the invention are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is schematically drawn or marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one".

[0027] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0028] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In addition, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] In one embodiment, the reference specification Figure 1 , which shows a schematic flow chart of a bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree provided by the present invention. Figure 2 , showing a structural schematic diagram of a bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree provided by the present invention.

[0032] The present invention provides a bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree, comprising:

[0033] S1: Obtain the defect score data of each bridge in terms of bridge deck structure, load-bearing structure and supporting structure.

[0034] Specifically, the status of the bridge structure can be monitored through various sensors. For example, inclinometers, strain gauges, displacement sensors, etc. can be used to monitor the inclination, strain and displacement of the structure, thereby providing information on the health of the structure. Non-destructive testing technologies such as ultrasonic testing, radiographic testing, and magnetic particle testing can also be used to detect hidden defects inside the structure and provide a more comprehensive structural assessment. Image processing and computer vision technology can also be used to analyze the image of the bridge to identify and quantify defects in various structural parts, such as cracks and corrosion. Inspectors can also regularly inspect the bridge to check the appearance of the bridge deck structure, load-bearing structure, and supporting structure.

[0035] For the bridge deck structure, aspects such as surface condition, waterproof layer status, paving materials and drainage system can be examined.

[0036] For the load-bearing structure, aspects such as structural stability, concrete quality, steel structure, piers and abutments can be examined.

[0037] As for the supporting structure, aspects such as the bearing condition, the stability of the supporting structure, the connection between the bridge and the foundation, settlement and deformation can be examined.

[0038] S2: Based on the defect score data, calculate the bridge deck structure defect degree, load-bearing structure defect degree and supporting structure defect degree of each bridge.

[0039] Optionally, a weighted sum is taken based on the scores of the surface condition, waterproof layer status, paving material and drainage system to calculate the degree of structural defect of the bridge deck of each bridge.

[0040] In the present invention, multiple factors such as surface condition, waterproof layer condition, paving materials and drainage system are considered to comprehensively evaluate various aspects of the surface structure, which helps to more comprehensively understand the overall health of the surface structure. The scores of various factors are weighted and summed to quantify the defects of the surface structure and form comparable indicators.

[0041] Optionally, a weighted sum is taken based on the scores of structural stability, concrete quality, steel structure, piers and abutments to calculate the degree of structural defect of each bridge.

[0042] In the present invention, multiple factors such as structural stability, concrete quality, steel structure, piers and abutments are considered to comprehensively evaluate various aspects of the load-bearing structure, which helps to more comprehensively understand the overall health of the load-bearing structure. The scores of various factors are weighted and summed to quantify the defects of the load-bearing structure and form comparable indicators.

[0043] Optionally, the degree of support structure deficiency of each bridge is calculated by performing a weighted summation based on the bearing condition, the stability of the support structure, the connection between the bridge and the foundation, the settlement and the deformation scores.

[0044] In the present invention, multiple factors such as bearing condition, stability of the supporting structure, connection between the bridge and the foundation, settlement and deformation are considered, and a comprehensive evaluation of various aspects of the supporting structure can be performed, which helps to more comprehensively understand the overall health of the supporting structure. The scores of various factors are weighted and summed, and the defects of the supporting structure can be quantified to form comparable indicators.

[0045] S3: Obtain weight coefficients of the bridge deck structure, load-bearing structure and supporting structure.

[0046] Specifically, the weight coefficients of the bridge deck structure, bearing structure and supporting structure can be obtained through the hierarchical analysis method, weighted questionnaire method, etc.

[0047] S4: Calculate the overall defect degree of each bridge according to the defect degree of the bridge deck structure, the defect degree of the load-bearing structure and the defect degree of the supporting structure of each bridge and the weight coefficients of the bridge deck structure, the load-bearing structure and the supporting structure.

[0048] Among them, the calculation of the overall defect degree comprehensively considers the defects of the bridge deck structure, load-bearing structure and supporting structure, making the assessment of the overall condition of the bridge more comprehensive.

[0049] In a possible implementation, S4 specifically includes:

[0050] The overall defect degree of each bridge is calculated according to the following formula:

[0051] σ=α q ·σ q +α c ·σ c +α z ·σ z

[0052] Among them, σ represents the overall defect degree, σ qrepresents the degree of bridge deck structure defect, α q represents the weight coefficient of the bridge deck structure, σ c Indicates the degree of structural defect, α c represents the weight coefficient of the load-bearing structure, σ z Indicates the degree of support structure defect, α z Represents the weight coefficient of the support structure.

[0053] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the weight coefficient α of the bridge deck structure according to actual conditions. q , weight coefficient α of the load-bearing structure c and the weight coefficient α of the supporting structure z The present invention does not limit the size.

[0054] It should be noted that different structural parts of the bridge may have different effects on the overall performance. By introducing the weight coefficient, we can weigh the importance of each structural part so that the overall defect degree more accurately reflects the contribution of each part, which helps to determine the structural parts that need to be treated first and make maintenance more targeted.

[0055] In the present invention, by comprehensively considering the defects of various structural parts and introducing weight coefficients, calculating the overall defect degree of the bridge helps to improve the comprehensiveness, objectivity and operability of the assessment, thereby more effectively guiding bridge maintenance work.

[0056] S5: Determine the maintenance strategy level of each bridge based on the overall degree of damage of each bridge.

[0057] In a possible implementation, S5 specifically includes:

[0058] When σ≤σ1, the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is determined to be the first-level maintenance strategy level.

[0059] When σ1<σ≤σ2, the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is determined to be the secondary maintenance strategy level.

[0060] When σ2<σ≤σ3, the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is determined to be the third-level maintenance strategy level.

[0061] When σ3<σ≤σ4, the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is determined to be the fourth maintenance strategy level.

[0062] When σ>σ4, the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is determined to be level five.

[0063] Among them, σ1 represents the first preset defect degree, σ2 represents the second preset defect degree, σ3 represents the third preset defect degree, and σ4 represents the fourth preset defect degree.

[0064] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the sizes of the first preset defect degree σ1, the second preset defect degree σ2, the third preset defect degree σ3 and the fourth preset defect degree σ4 according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not limit them.

[0065] In the present invention, the corresponding maintenance strategy level is determined according to the overall defect degree of different bridges, so that the maintenance measures are more differentiated and targeted. For bridges with lower overall defect degree, relatively light maintenance measures can be adopted, while for bridges with higher overall defect degree, more in-depth and comprehensive maintenance measures may be required.

[0066] S6: Determine the maintenance plan for each bridge based on the maintenance strategy level of each bridge.

[0067] It should be noted that different maintenance strategy levels correspond to different maintenance plans, which can realize personalized and customized maintenance of bridges and ensure that the maintenance measures are more in line with the actual defect conditions and maintenance needs of the bridges.

[0068] In a possible implementation, S6 specifically includes:

[0069] When the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is the first-level maintenance strategy level, the maintenance plan of the bridge is determined to be daily maintenance.

[0070] Routine maintenance may include:

[0071] (1) Periodic inspection: Regularly inspect the bridge and check all parts of the bridge, including the bridge deck, load-bearing structure, supporting structure, etc. Any abnormalities found will be dealt with promptly.

[0072] (2) Cleaning and maintenance: Clean dirt and weeds from the surface of the bridge to keep the bridge clean and prevent dirt from eroding the bridge structure.

[0073] (3) Painting and maintenance: Anti-corrosion paint is applied to the metal parts of the bridge to improve its corrosion resistance.

[0074] When the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is the secondary maintenance strategy level, the maintenance plan of the bridge is determined to be minor repair.

[0075] Among them, minor repairs may include:

[0076] (1) Partial replacement of bridge parts: Replacement of damaged or aged parts of the bridge, such as bridge deck pavement, guardrails, etc.

[0077] (2) Local repair: Repair some local damage and cracks, including concrete reinforcement, welding reinforcement, etc.

[0078] (3) Metal structure maintenance: Maintenance of the metal structure of the bridge, including anti-corrosion treatment, welding repair, etc.

[0079] When the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is the third-level maintenance strategy level, the maintenance plan of the bridge is determined to be medium repair.

[0080] Among them, mid-term repairs may include:

[0081] (1) Comprehensive overhaul: Comprehensive overhaul of all parts of the bridge, including the load-bearing structure, supporting structure, bridge deck, etc.

[0082] (2) Deep repair: Deep repair and reinforcement are carried out for deep damage, cracks and other problems, which may include large-scale concrete repair and replacement.

[0083] (3) Structural reinforcement: Strengthen the load-bearing structure to ensure the structural safety of the bridge.

[0084] When the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is the fourth maintenance strategy level, the maintenance plan of the bridge is determined to be overhaul.

[0085] Among other things, major repairs may include:

[0086] (1) Comprehensive renovation: Comprehensive renovation and updating of all parts of the bridge, which may include replacing aging structural parts and improving the bridge's load-bearing capacity.

[0087] (2) Comprehensive update: Comprehensive update of design, technology and other aspects to meet new design standards and traffic requirements.

[0088] (3) Structural strengthening: Strengthen the entire bridge structure to improve the bridge’s seismic resistance and bearing capacity.

[0089] When the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is level five, the maintenance plan of the bridge is determined to be reconstruction.

[0090] Among other things, reconstruction may include:

[0091] (1) New construction: Reconstruction usually refers to the demolition of the original bridge and the construction of a new one.

[0092] (2) Updated design: Redesign the bridge according to new design standards and traffic needs, which may involve comprehensive improvements in bridge type, load-bearing capacity, etc.

[0093] (3) Structural renewal: Use new materials and technologies to completely rebuild the bridge structure to ensure the safety, stability, and reliability of the bridge.

[0094] In the present invention, at the same time, different levels of maintenance plans reflect the need to deal with different degrees of defects in bridges. By determining the corresponding maintenance plan according to the level of maintenance strategy, maintenance resources can be allocated more reasonably to ensure the optimal use of resources and reduce waste. For maintenance strategies of different levels, the corresponding maintenance plan can be adopted to carry out maintenance more timely and effectively. For bridges with higher levels, more in-depth and comprehensive maintenance methods are adopted to ensure timely repair of possible structural problems.

[0095] S7: With the goal of minimizing the total cost and minimizing the total damage of the bridge after a preset period of time, a bridge maintenance model is constructed, and the optimal bridge maintenance plan is determined through the bridge maintenance model.

[0096] In the present invention, by constructing a bridge maintenance model, with the goal of minimizing the total cost and minimizing the total degree of damage of the bridge after a preset period of time, a more scientific optimization decision is made to avoid concentrating maintenance resources mainly on bridges with larger degrees of damage, reduce bridge hazards, and help make maintenance plans more economical, more balanced, and more effective, thereby reducing future maintenance costs.

[0097] In a possible implementation, S7 specifically includes sub-steps S701 to S704:

[0098] S701: Combine the maintenance plans for each bridge.

[0099] For example, the combined bridge maintenance plan may include: using the A1 maintenance plan for the first bridge, the A2 maintenance plan for the second bridge, and so on, using the A1 maintenance plan for the nth bridge. n Maintenance plan.

[0100] S702: Construct an objective function of the bridge maintenance model with the goal of minimizing the total cost and minimizing the total damage degree of the bridge after a preset period of time.

[0101] It should be noted that the goal is to minimize the total cost and the lowest total defect degree of the bridge after a preset period of time. Through optimization means, the utilization of maintenance resources is more efficient, which not only reduces the overall maintenance cost but also effectively extends the life of the bridge.

[0102] In a possible implementation, sub-step S702 specifically includes sub-steps S7021 to S7025:

[0103] S7021: Determine the maintenance cost of the maintenance plan for each bridge according to the following formula:

[0104] P = x q P q +x c P c +x z P z =xq ·p q ·σ q ·S q +x c ·p c ·σ c ·S c +x z ·p z ·σ z ·S z

[0105] Among them, P represents the maintenance cost, P q represents the bridge deck maintenance cost, x q Indicates whether the bridge deck structure is maintained. If x q =1, otherwise x q =0,P c represents the maintenance cost, x c Indicates whether to maintain the bearing structure. If x c =1, otherwise x c =0,P z represents the support maintenance cost, x z Indicates whether the support structure is maintained. If x z =1, otherwise x z =0, p q represents the maintenance unit price of the bridge deck structure corresponding to the bridge type, σ q Indicates the degree of bridge deck structure damage, S q represents the maintenance area of ​​the bridge deck structure, p c represents the maintenance unit price of the load-bearing structure corresponding to the bridge type, σ c Indicates the degree of damage to the bearing structure, S c represents the maintenance area of ​​the bearing structure, p z represents the maintenance unit price of the supporting structure corresponding to the bridge type, σ z Indicates the degree of support structure defect, S z Indicates the support structure maintenance area.

[0106] Among them, a binary variable (x q 、x c 、x z ), making the formulation of maintenance plans more flexible and allowing decisions on which structural parts to maintain based on specific circumstances, thereby better adapting to the actual conditions of the bridge.

[0107] In the present invention, different maintenance requirements of different structural parts of the bridge (bridge deck structure, load-bearing structure, supporting structure) are taken into consideration, and the maintenance unit price of each structural part is also different. At the same time, since different types of bridges have different structures, materials, and design standards, even if the bridge deck is maintained, the maintenance unit price of different types of bridges will be different. By considering the maintenance unit price, the calculation of the maintenance cost of the maintenance plan for each bridge is more accurate and reasonable.

[0108] S7022: Calculate the total maintenance cost of the bridge maintenance combination plan according to the following formula:

[0109]

[0110] Among them, P i represents the maintenance cost of the maintenance plan for the i-th bridge, i = 1, 2, …, n, and n represents the total number of bridges.

[0111] S7023: Determine the overall damage degree of the bridge after the preset time using each maintenance plan according to the following formula:

[0112] σ t =α q (1+x q β k -γ q )σ q +α c (1+x c β k -γ c )σ c +α z (1+x z β k -γ z )σ z

[0113] Among them, σ t Represents the overall defect degree of the bridge after a preset time, σ q represents the degree of bridge deck structure defect, α q represents the weight coefficient of the bridge deck structure, σ c Indicates the degree of structural defect, α c represents the weight coefficient of the load-bearing structure, σ z Indicates the degree of support structure defect, α z represents the weight coefficient of the supporting structure, β k represents the repair coefficient of the defect using the k-level maintenance strategy, k = 1, 2, ..., 5, γ q represents the natural defect coefficient of the bridge deck structure, γ c represents the natural defect coefficient of the load-bearing structure, γ z Represents the natural defect coefficient of the supporting structure.

[0114] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the size of the preset time length according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not limit it. Optionally, the preset time length can be 1 year, 3 years, 5 years, etc.

[0115] It should be noted that the repair coefficient β is introduced k This coefficient represents the degree of repair of defects using different levels of maintenance strategies. It can flexibly estimate the overall degree of defects after a preset period of time based on different maintenance strategies, which helps to formulate more targeted maintenance plans.

[0116] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the repair coefficient β according to actual conditions. k The present invention does not limit the size.

[0117] It should be noted that the natural defect coefficient (γ q , γ c , γ z ), these coefficients represent the degree of defects that occur naturally in the structure without external intervention. Considering natural defects can help to more accurately estimate the defects that may occur in the structure after a preset period of time.

[0118] In the present invention, through the use of weight factors, the contribution of each structural part can be adjusted according to the actual situation, so that the overall defect degree is more in line with the actual situation, which helps to scientifically and comprehensively predict the overall defect degree of the bridge after a preset period of time, and provides strong support for the formulation of reasonable and effective maintenance plans.

[0119] S7024: Calculate the total defect degree of the bridge after the preset length of time using the bridge maintenance combination scheme according to the following formula:

[0120]

[0121] Among them, σ t (i) represents the total defect degree of the i-th bridge after a preset time, i = 1, 2, ..., n, and n represents the total number of bridges.

[0122] S7025: Construct the objective function of the bridge maintenance model according to the following formula:

[0123]

[0124] Where min() represents the minimum function, f() represents the objective function, X represents the bridge maintenance combination scheme, X=[x1,x2,…,x n ], x i represents the maintenance plan of the i-th bridge, i = 1, 2, ..., n, n represents the total number of bridges, x i =[x q(i),x c (i),x z (i)],x q (i) indicates whether the deck structure of the i-th bridge is maintained. If x q (i)=1, otherwise x q (i) = 0, x c (i) indicates whether the load-bearing structure of the i-th bridge is maintained. If x c (i)=1, otherwise x c (i) = 0, x z (i) indicates whether the support structure of the i-th bridge is maintained. If x z (i)=1, otherwise x z (i) = 0, λ1 represents the weight coefficient of the total maintenance cost, and λ2 represents the weight coefficient of the total defect degree.

[0125] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the weight coefficient λ1 of the total maintenance cost and the weight coefficient λ2 of the total defect degree according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0126] In the present invention, the objective function that comprehensively considers the cost and structural health status helps to formulate a more comprehensive and reasonable bridge maintenance plan. By adjusting the weight coefficient, decision makers can adjust the balance between cost and structural health status according to actual conditions, so that the final maintenance plan is more in line with specific needs. This comprehensive objective function helps to maximize the maintenance benefits and ensure sustainable and cost-effective management of bridges under limited resources.

[0127] S703: Set constraints for the bridge maintenance model.

[0128] It should be noted that constraints are set for the bridge maintenance model, which may include technical, regulatory, budgetary and other aspects of the maintenance plan to ensure the feasibility of the maintenance plan.

[0129] In a possible implementation, the constraint conditions specifically include: a bridge deck structure defect degree constraint, a load-bearing structure defect degree constraint, and a supporting structure defect degree constraint.

[0130] The specific constraints of bridge deck structure defect degree are as follows:

[0131]

[0132] in, Indicates the preset bridge deck structure defect degree.

[0133] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the preset bridge deck structure defect degree according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not limit it.

[0134] It should be noted that the bridge deck structure defect degree constraint is used to ensure that the bridge deck structure defect degree of the bridge is less than the preset bridge deck structure defect degree after a preset period of time, which helps to maintain the structural safety of the bridge and prevent structural instability caused by excessive damage or defects in the future.

[0135] The specific constraints on the bearing structure defect degree are:

[0136]

[0137] in, Indicates the degree of defect of the preset bearing structure.

[0138] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the size of the preset bearing structure defect degree according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0139] It should be noted that the bearing structure defect degree constraint is used to ensure that the bearing structure defect degree of the bridge is less than the preset bearing structure defect degree after a preset period of time, which helps to maintain the structural safety of the bridge and prevent structural instability caused by excessive damage or defects in the future.

[0140] The support structure defect degree constraint is as follows:

[0141]

[0142] in, Indicates the degree of loss of the preset support structure.

[0143] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the size of the preset support structure defect degree according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not limit it.

[0144] It should be noted that the support structure defect degree constraint is used to ensure that the support structure defect degree of the bridge is less than the preset support structure defect degree after a preset period of time, which helps to maintain the structural safety of the bridge and prevent structural instability caused by excessive damage or defects in the future.

[0145] In a possible implementation manner, the constraint condition further includes: cost constraint.

[0146] The cost constraints are as follows:

[0147]

[0148] Among them, P max Indicates the total cost budget.

[0149] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the size of the total cost budget according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0150] In the present invention, setting cost constraints can ensure that the maintenance plan is implemented within the total cost budget specified in advance, which helps to maintain the economic rationality of maintenance activities, avoid expenses beyond the acceptable range, and effectively manage the cost of maintenance projects.

[0151] S704: Under the constraints of the constraints, the optimal bridge maintenance combination plan is determined with the minimum function value of the objective function as the goal.

[0152] It should be noted that, under the constraints, the optimal maintenance decision plan was obtained with the minimum function value of the objective function as the goal, so that the overall defect degree of the bridge can be maintained to the minimum extent under limited resources.

[0153] In a possible implementation, sub-step S704 specifically includes sub-steps S7041 to S7045:

[0154] S7041: Initialize the population, which includes multiple individuals, each of which represents a bridge maintenance combination plan.

[0155] S7042: Construct the fitness function of the population:

[0156]

[0157] Among them, ρ() represents the fitness function, f() represents the objective function of the bridge maintenance model, X represents the bridge maintenance combination scheme, and η represents the hyperparameter.

[0158] S7043: Divide individuals in the population into discoverers, joiners and early warning ones.

[0159] In the present invention, the individuals in the population are divided into discoverers, joiners and early warning, which helps to maintain the diversity of the population and enables the algorithm to better explore the potential solution space. The number of discoverers and joiners can be dynamically adjusted during the iteration process, which helps to focus more on exploration in the early stage and more on deepening the search in the later stage, improving the global search ability of the algorithm.

[0160] It should be noted that the discoverers with higher energy are responsible for finding food for the entire population. They will conduct extensive global searches to obtain higher energy. In order to obtain more foraging opportunities, the joiners with lower energy will follow the discoverers to find a location where they can obtain energy. They mostly conduct local searches around the discoverers. Natural enemies will appear randomly. When encountering natural enemies, the early warning will send an early warning signal to the entire population, and the sparrows will scatter in panic.

[0161] Specifically, the role of the early warning is to send early warning signals to the entire population, notifying other individuals that a potential problem has occurred. This behavior can be likened to the system discovering some unusual situations that may affect the search results when searching for a combination of bridge maintenance solutions. This may include a sudden deterioration of an evaluation indicator, abnormal fluctuations in an optimization target, or other problems that may affect the search process.

[0162] In one possible implementation, the number of discoverers is:

[0163]

[0164] Among them, m p (t) represents the number of discoverers in the tth iteration cycle, m p (0) represents the initial number of alerters, exp() represents the exponential function with base e, and T represents the maximum number of iterations.

[0165] In the present invention, the number of finders can be dynamically adjusted according to the progress of the current iteration cycle. In the early stage of the iteration, the number of finders is relatively small, and more emphasis is placed on global search. As the number of iterations increases, the number of finders is gradually increased, thereby increasing the possibility of local search, which helps to balance the needs of global and local searches during the search process and improve the adaptability of the algorithm at different stages.

[0166] In a possible implementation, the number of alerters is:

[0167]

[0168] Among them, m y (t) represents the number of alerters in the tth iteration cycle, int() represents the rounding function, m y (0) indicates the number of initial warning recipients.

[0169] In the present invention, the number of early warnings can be dynamically adjusted according to the progress of the current iteration cycle, and the trade-off between global search and local search can be balanced during the search process. In the early stage of the search, more early warnings help to find the global optimal solution or a better solution as soon as possible. In the later stage of the search, reducing the number of early warnings helps the system to focus more on the promising solutions that have been found, and conduct more in-depth search and optimization.

[0170] In one possible implementation, the number of participants is:

[0171] m g (t) = mm p (t)-m y (t)

[0172] Among them, m g (t) represents the number of participants in the tth iteration cycle, and m represents the total number of individuals in the population.

[0173] S7044: At each iteration, the position of the discoverer is updated according to the following formula:

[0174]

[0175] in, represents the position of the i-th individual in the t+1-th iteration cycle, represents the position of the i-th individual in the t-th iteration cycle, exp() represents the exponential function with base e, i represents the index value of the individual, r represents a random number in the interval 0 to 1, T represents the maximum number of iterations, R2 represents the alarm value, ST represents the safety threshold, w represents the adaptive weight factor, and f b represents the fitness of the current global optimal individual, R represents a random number in the interval 0 to 1 that obeys a normal distribution, and I represents the unit column matrix.

[0176] In the present invention, an adaptive weight factor w is introduced, which can be dynamically adjusted according to the fitness of the global optimal individual, which helps to balance the global search and the local search. This adaptability helps the algorithm better adapt to the different characteristics of the problem and improves the robustness and performance of the algorithm.

[0177] It should be noted that the discoverer is more inclined to search the entire solution space extensively and promote global exploration, which is beneficial for finding the global optimal solution or a better solution in the early stages of the search.

[0178] Update the position of the joiner according to the following formula:

[0179]

[0180] in, represents the global worst position in the t-th iteration cycle, A represents the optimal position of the discoverer in the t+1th iteration cycle. + =A T (AA T ) -1 , A represents a random row matrix, the elements in A are 1 or -1, and m represents the total number of individuals in the population.

[0181] It should be noted that a random row matrix A is introduced in the position update of the joiner, in which the elements are 1 or -1. This introduced randomness helps to introduce some randomness in the search process, which may better jump out of the local optimal solution and increase the diversity of the search.

[0182] Update the position of the alerter according to the following formula:

[0183]

[0184] in, represents the global optimal position in the t-th iteration cycle, τ represents the step size control parameter, K represents a random number between -1 and 1, and f i represents the fitness of the current individual, f g represents the fitness of the individual in the optimal position, f w represents the fitness of the individual in the worst position, and ε represents a hyperparameter that avoids the denominator being 0.

[0185] It should be noted that the early warning agent updates its position based on the current global optimal position, step size control parameter τ, etc. This mechanism is similar to a collective early warning mechanism. When the global optimal position changes, the early warning agent will guide the entire population to search in a more promising direction, thereby conducting a more efficient global search.

[0186] In the present invention, the positions of the discoverer, joiner and alarmer are updated to balance the global search and the local search in the search process, thereby improving the search efficiency and convergence of the algorithm.

[0187] S7045: Determine whether the current number of iterations reaches the maximum number of iterations T. If so, determine the individual with the highest current fitness, take the bridge maintenance combination plan represented by the individual with the highest fitness as the optimal bridge maintenance combination plan, and output the optimal bridge maintenance combination plan.

[0188] In the present invention, it helps to improve the search efficiency and global exploration ability of the algorithm, avoid falling into local optimum, has certain adaptability and flexibility, and improves the accuracy and rationality of the optimal bridge maintenance combination plan.

[0189] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0190] (1) In the present invention, by constructing a bridge maintenance model, with the goal of minimizing the total cost and minimizing the total degree of damage of the bridge after a preset period of time, a more scientific optimization decision is made to avoid concentrating maintenance resources mainly on bridges with larger degrees of damage, reduce bridge hazards, and help make maintenance plans more economical, more balanced, and more effective, thereby reducing future maintenance costs.

[0191] (2) In the present invention, the maintenance strategy level is set according to the overall defect degree of the bridge, which can allocate maintenance resources more specifically, help to take appropriate maintenance measures for different bridges under limited resources, and improve maintenance efficiency.

[0192] (3) In the present invention, by obtaining the defect score data of the bridge in terms of the bridge deck structure, the load-bearing structure and the supporting structure, the method realizes a comprehensive assessment of the bridge structure. Rather than focusing on a single structural part, the defects of the entire structure are taken into consideration, which helps to more accurately understand the health status of the bridge.

[0193] Example 2

[0194] In one embodiment, the reference specification Figure 3 , showing a structural schematic diagram of a bridge maintenance system based on bridge defect degree provided by the present invention.

[0195] The present invention provides a bridge maintenance system 20 based on bridge defect degree, comprising a processor 201 and a memory 202 for storing executable instructions of the processor 201. The processor 201 is configured to call the instructions stored in the memory 202 to execute the bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree in embodiment 1.

[0196] The bridge maintenance system based on bridge defect degree provided by the present invention can realize the steps and effects of the bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree in the above-mentioned embodiment 1. To avoid repetition, the present invention will not go into details.

[0197] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0198] (1) In the present invention, by constructing a bridge maintenance model, with the goal of minimizing the total cost and minimizing the total degree of damage of the bridge after a preset period of time, a more scientific optimization decision is made to avoid concentrating maintenance resources mainly on bridges with larger degrees of damage, reduce bridge hazards, and help make maintenance plans more economical, more balanced, and more effective, thereby reducing future maintenance costs.

[0199] (2) In the present invention, the maintenance strategy level is set according to the overall defect degree of the bridge, which can allocate maintenance resources more specifically, help to take appropriate maintenance measures for different bridges under limited resources, and improve maintenance efficiency.

[0200] (3) In the present invention, by obtaining the defect score data of the bridge in terms of the bridge deck structure, the load-bearing structure and the supporting structure, the method realizes a comprehensive assessment of the bridge structure. Rather than focusing on a single structural part, the defects of the entire structure are taken into consideration, which helps to more accurately understand the health status of the bridge.

[0201] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0202] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree, characterized in that: include: S1: Obtain the defect score data of each bridge in terms of bridge deck structure, load-bearing structure and supporting structure; S2: Calculating the bridge deck structure defect degree, load-bearing structure defect degree and supporting structure defect degree of each bridge according to the defect scoring data; S3: Obtain weight coefficients of the bridge deck structure, load-bearing structure and supporting structure; S4: Calculate the overall defect degree of each bridge according to the defect degree of the bridge deck structure, the defect degree of the load-bearing structure and the defect degree of the supporting structure of each bridge and the weight coefficients of the bridge deck structure, the load-bearing structure and the supporting structure; S5: Determine the maintenance strategy level of each bridge based on the overall defect degree of each bridge; S6: Determine the maintenance plan for each bridge according to the maintenance strategy level of each bridge; S7: constructing a bridge maintenance model with the goal of minimizing the total cost and minimizing the total damage degree of the bridge after a preset period of time, and determining the optimal bridge maintenance plan through the bridge maintenance model; Wherein, the S7 specifically includes: S701: Combine the maintenance plans for each bridge; S702: constructing an objective function of the bridge maintenance model with the goal of minimizing the total cost and minimizing the total damage degree of the bridge after a preset period of time; S703: Setting constraint conditions for the bridge maintenance model; S704: Under the constraint of the constraint condition, taking the minimum function value of the objective function as the goal, determining the optimal bridge maintenance combination plan; Wherein, the S704 specifically includes: S7041: Initializing a population, wherein the population includes a plurality of individuals, each of which represents a bridge maintenance combination scheme; S7042: Construct the fitness function of the population: Among them, ρ() represents the fitness function, f() represents the objective function of the bridge maintenance model, X represents the bridge maintenance combination scheme, and η represents the hyperparameter; S7043: Divide individuals in a population into discoverers, joiners, and early warnings; S7044: At each iteration, the position of the discoverer is updated according to the following formula: in, represents the position of the i-th individual in the t+1-th iteration cycle, represents the position of the i-th individual in the t-th iteration cycle, exp() represents the exponential function with base e, i represents the index value of the individual, r represents a random number in the interval 0 to 1, T represents the maximum number of iterations, R2 represents the alarm value, ST represents the safety threshold, w represents the adaptive weight factor, and f b represents the fitness of the current global optimal individual, R represents a random number that follows a normal distribution in the interval 0 to 1, and I represents the unit column matrix; Update the position of the joiner according to the following formula: in, represents the global worst position in the t-th iteration cycle, A represents the optimal position of the discoverer in the t+1th iteration cycle. + =A T (AA T ) -1 , A represents a random row matrix, the elements in A are 1 or -1, and m represents the total number of individuals in the population; Update the position of the alerter according to the following formula: in, represents the global optimal position in the t-th iteration cycle, τ represents the step size control parameter, K represents a random number between -1 and 1, and f i represents the fitness of the current individual, f g represents the fitness of the individual in the optimal position, f w represents the fitness of the individual in the worst position, and ε represents a hyperparameter that avoids the denominator being 0; S7045: Determine whether the current number of iterations reaches the maximum number of iterations T. If so, determine the individual with the highest current fitness, take the bridge maintenance combination scheme represented by the individual with the highest fitness as the optimal bridge maintenance combination scheme, and output the optimal bridge maintenance combination scheme.

2. The bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S4 specifically includes: The overall defect degree of each bridge is calculated according to the following formula: σ = a q ·s q +a c ·s c +a z ·s z Among them, σ represents the overall defect degree, σ q represents the degree of structural defect of the bridge deck, α q represents the weight coefficient of the bridge deck structure, σ c Indicates the degree of defect in the bearing structure, α c represents the weight coefficient of the load-bearing structure, σ z Indicates the degree of support structure defect, α z Represents the weight coefficient of the support structure.

3. The bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The S5 specifically includes: When σ≤σ1, the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is determined to be the first-level maintenance strategy level; When σ1<σ≤σ2, the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is determined to be the secondary maintenance strategy level; When σ2<σ≤σ3, the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is determined to be the third-level maintenance strategy level; When σ3<σ≤σ4, the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is determined to be the fourth maintenance strategy level; When σ>σ4, the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is determined to be level 5; Among them, σ1 represents the first preset defect degree, σ2 represents the second preset defect degree, σ3 represents the third preset defect degree, and σ4 represents the fourth preset defect degree.

4. The bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The S6 specifically includes: When the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is the first-level maintenance strategy level, the maintenance plan of the bridge is determined to be routine maintenance; When the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is the secondary maintenance strategy level, the maintenance plan of the bridge is determined to be minor repair; When the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is the third-level maintenance strategy level, the maintenance plan of the bridge is determined to be medium repair; When the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is level 4, the maintenance plan of the bridge is determined to be major repair; When the maintenance strategy level of the bridge is level five, the maintenance plan of the bridge is determined to be reconstruction.

5. The bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S702 specifically includes: S7021: Determine the maintenance cost of the maintenance plan for each bridge according to the following formula: Px q P.S q +x c P.S c +x z P.S z sx q ·p q ·σ q ·S q +x c ·p c ·σ c ·S c +x z ·p z ·σ z ·S z Among them, P represents the maintenance cost, P q represents the bridge deck maintenance cost, x q Indicates whether the bridge deck structure is maintained. If x q =1, otherwise x q =0,P c represents the carrying maintenance cost, x c Indicates whether to maintain the bearing structure. If x c =1, otherwise x c =0,P z represents the support maintenance cost, x z Indicates whether the support structure is maintained. If x z =1, otherwise x z =0, p q represents the maintenance unit price of the bridge deck structure corresponding to the bridge type, σ q Indicates the degree of bridge deck structure defect, S q represents the maintenance area of ​​the bridge deck structure, p c represents the maintenance unit price of the load-bearing structure corresponding to the bridge type, σ c Indicates the degree of damage to the bearing structure, S c represents the maintenance area of ​​the bearing structure, p z represents the maintenance unit price of the supporting structure corresponding to the bridge type, σ z Indicates the degree of support structure defect, S z Indicates the maintenance area of ​​the supporting structure; S7022: Calculate the total maintenance cost of the bridge maintenance combination plan according to the following formula: Among them, P i represents the maintenance cost of the maintenance plan for the i-th bridge, i = 1, 2, …, n, and n represents the total number of bridges; S7023: Determine the overall damage degree of the bridge after the preset time using each maintenance plan according to the following formula: s t =a q (1+x q b k -c q )s q +a c (1+x c b k -c c )s c +a z (1+x z b k -c z )s z Among them, σ t Represents the overall defect degree of the bridge after a preset time, σ q represents the degree of structural defect of the bridge deck, α q represents the weight coefficient of the bridge deck structure, σ c Indicates the degree of defect in the bearing structure, α c represents the weight coefficient of the load-bearing structure, σ z Indicates the degree of support structure defect, α z represents the weight coefficient of the supporting structure, β k represents the repair coefficient of the defect using the k-level maintenance strategy, k = 1, 2, ..., 5, γ q represents the natural defect coefficient of the bridge deck structure, γ c represents the natural defect coefficient of the load-bearing structure, γ z Represents the natural defect coefficient of the supporting structure; S7024: Calculate the total defect degree of the bridge after the preset length of time using the bridge maintenance combination scheme according to the following formula: Among them, σ t (i) represents the total defect degree of the i-th bridge after a preset time, i = 1, 2, ..., n, n represents the total number of bridges; S7025: Construct the objective function of the bridge maintenance model according to the following formula: Where min() represents the minimum function, f() represents the objective function, X represents the bridge maintenance combination scheme, X=[x1,x2,…,x n ], x i represents the maintenance plan of the i-th bridge, i = 1, 2, ..., n, n represents the total number of bridges, x i =[x q (i),x c (i),x z (i)],x q (i) indicates whether the deck structure of the i-th bridge is maintained. If x q (i)=1, otherwise x q (i) = 0, x c (i) indicates whether the load-bearing structure of the i-th bridge is maintained. If x c (i)=1, otherwise x c (i) = 0, x z (i) indicates whether the support structure of the i-th bridge is maintained. If x z (i)=1, otherwise x z (i) = 0, λ1 represents the weight coefficient of the total maintenance cost, and λ2 represents the weight coefficient of the total defect degree.

6. The bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The constraints specifically include: bridge deck structure defect degree constraint, load-bearing structure defect degree constraint, supporting structure defect degree constraint and cost constraint; The bridge deck structure defect degree constraint is specifically: in, Indicates the preset bridge deck structure defect degree; The load-bearing structure defect degree constraint is specifically: in, Indicates the degree of defect of the preset bearing structure; The support structure defect degree constraint is specifically: in, Indicates the degree of defect of the preset support structure; The cost constraints are specifically: Among them, P max Indicates the total cost budget.

7. The bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of discoverers is: Among them, m p (t) represents the number of discoverers in the tth iteration cycle, m p (0) represents the initial number of alerters, exp() represents the exponential function with base e, and T represents the maximum number of iterations; The number of the alerters is: Among them, m y (t) represents the number of alerters in the tth iteration cycle, int() represents the rounding function, m y (0) indicates the number of initial warning recipients; The number of participants is: m g (t)=m-m p (t)-m y (t) Among them, m g (t) represents the number of participants in the tth iteration cycle, and m represents the total number of individuals in the population.

8. A bridge maintenance system based on bridge defect degree, characterized in that: It comprises a processor and a memory for storing processor executable instructions; the processor is configured to call the instructions stored in the memory to execute the bridge maintenance method based on bridge defect degree as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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