A laser cleaning device and method for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment

Abstract

The application provides a laser cleaning device and method for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment, and relates to the technical field of surface cleaning of special pressure-bearing equipment.The device comprises a base and a shock-absorbing adjusting assembly, the shock-absorbing adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting frame and a mounting plate, mounting columns are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the mounting plate, the same mounting disc is fixedly connected to the ends of the two mounting columns, and a protection assembly is arranged on the outer side of the mounting disc.The laser cleaning device and method for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment have the following advantages: when the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment is cleaned by a laser emission head, a large amount of smoke and dust is generated during the laser cleaning process, a dust suction pump is started, the generated smoke and dust is absorbed through the dust suction holes in the hollow positioning cover, the center point of the hollow positioning cover is on the laser irradiation line of the laser emission head, so that the generated smoke and dust during the laser cleaning process is efficiently collected, and the existence of the smoke and dust does not affect the laser cleaning effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of special equipment technology, specifically relating to a laser cleaning device and method for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Special pressure equipment, such as oil storage tanks and spherical tanks, is welded from many steel plates. The welds are the weak points of the entire equipment, and any defects on them can lead to catastrophic consequences. In order to ensure the safe operation of the equipment, it is necessary to inspect the welds of these devices regularly. Because there is a surface corrosion layer on the surface of special pressure equipment, it is necessary to perform laser cleaning before the welds can be accurately inspected.

[0003] Existing laser cleaning devices generate a large amount of smoke and dust during the laser cleaning process. The outer surface of special pressure-bearing equipment is not flat and smooth. When performing laser cleaning, it is necessary to monitor the distance using a laser rangefinder to ensure that the laser emitter and the special pressure-bearing equipment are kept at a safe distance. The presence of smoke and dust not only reduces the accuracy of distance monitoring by the laser rangefinder, but also reduces the laser cleaning effect and the usability of the laser cleaning device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention proposes a laser cleaning device and method for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment. The aim is to solve the technical problem that existing laser cleaning devices generate a large amount of smoke and dust during laser cleaning. Furthermore, the outer surface of special pressure-bearing equipment is not smooth and flat. During laser cleaning, it is necessary to monitor the distance using a laser rangefinder to ensure that the laser emitter and the special pressure-bearing equipment maintain a safe distance. The presence of smoke and dust not only reduces the accuracy of distance monitoring by the laser rangefinder but also reduces the effectiveness of laser cleaning.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment, comprising a base and a shock-absorbing adjustment assembly. The shock-absorbing adjustment assembly includes an adjustment frame and a mounting plate, and mounting columns are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the mounting plate. The ends of the two mounting columns are fixedly connected to the same mounting circular plate. A protective assembly is provided on the outer side of the mounting circular plate. The protective assembly includes an annular track and a protective sleeve. A cleaning auxiliary assembly is provided above the protective sleeve. The cleaning auxiliary assembly includes a hollow positioning cover, and a dust suction hole is equidistantly opened inside the hollow positioning cover. Two fixed rods are fixedly connected to the outer side of the hollow positioning cover, and the same annular electric rail is fixedly connected to one side of the two fixed rods. Electric sliding rods are equidistantly connected inside the annular electric rail. The same rotating ring is fixedly connected to one side of the multiple electric sliding rods. Wiping heads are equidistantly provided on the side of the rotating ring away from the mounting circular plate. A follower rod is fixedly connected to the lower outer side of the hollow positioning cover, and two connecting holes are opened on the outer side of the hollow positioning cover. A connecting rigid pipe is fixedly connected inside the two connecting holes, and a hollow dust suction cover is fixedly connected to the open end of the two connecting rigid pipes.

[0006] By incorporating a cleaning auxiliary component, a large amount of fumes are generated during the laser cleaning process on the surface of special pressure equipment using a laser emitter. The dust pump is activated, and the dust is absorbed through suction holes on a hollow positioning cover. The center point of the hollow positioning cover is aligned with the laser irradiation line of the laser emitter, ensuring efficient collection of the fumes and preventing them from affecting the cleaning effect. During the movement of the laser emitter, a ring-shaped electric rail opens, and the rotating ring drives the wiping head to wipe the laser-cleaned area. Dust raised during wiping is collected by the suction holes, while some flows elsewhere and gradually detaches from the pressure equipment. This ensures that the amount of dust remaining after laser cleaning of the pressure equipment surface is low, preventing interference with subsequent weld inspection and thus enhancing the usability of the laser cleaning equipment.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, a laser emitter is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting circular plate facing the hollow positioning cover, and two vacuum suction holes are opened on the outer side of the two hollow dust suction covers facing the laser emitter. Two connecting plates are fixedly connected to the side of the mounting circular plate facing the hollow positioning cover, and a dust collection box is fixedly connected to one side of each of the two connecting plates. A pump frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the dust collection box, and a vacuum pump is fixedly connected inside the pump frame. A vacuum suction pipe is fixedly connected to the suction end of the vacuum pump, and the vacuum suction pipe is inserted into the interior of an adjacent connecting rigid pipe. The dust conveying end of the vacuum pump is connected to the interior of the dust collection box through a pipe.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, a frame is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate away from the laser emitter, and a camera is fixedly connected to the side of the frame facing the hollow positioning cover. An image analysis module is fixedly connected to the top of the frame, and a mounting rod is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate below the laser emitter. A laser rangefinder is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting rod.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, two docking posts are fixedly connected to the side of the mounting circular plate facing the adjustment frame, and an annular track is fixedly connected to the ends of the two docking posts. A sliding integration frame is slidably connected inside the annular track. Inner support rods are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the side of the sliding integration frame facing the mounting circular plate. A protective sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the inner support rods. An iron ring plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the annular track. An electromagnet is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding integration frame facing the iron ring plate.

[0010] By incorporating protective components, during laser cleaning of special pressure-bearing equipment surfaces, adjusting the hydraulic cylinder moves the protective sleeve toward the surface of the equipment. Once the airbag contacts the surface, the air pump is activated, supplying gas into the airbag. The inflated airbag effectively blocks the line of sight between the laser emitter and the pressure-bearing equipment, ensuring that workers cannot see the laser during operation and preventing injury. This enhances the safety performance of the laser cleaning equipment.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the outer sides of the plurality of inner support rods are fixedly connected to the same fixed arc rod, and the fixed arc rod is located below the iron ring plate. Three connecting rods are fixedly connected to one side of the fixed arc plate, and hydraulic cylinder one is fixedly connected to one side of each of the three connecting rods. The output ends of the three hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected to the same movable arc rod. The movable arc rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the protective sleeve away from the fixed arc rod, and the follower rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the movable arc rod facing upward.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a fitting airbag is fixedly connected to the side of the movable arc rod away from the annular track, and an exhaust hole is opened on the side of the fitting airbag. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected inside the exhaust hole, and a solenoid valve is connected to the outside of the exhaust pipe through a flange. A pump ring frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the movable arc rod facing downward, and an air pump is fixedly connected inside the pump ring frame. The air delivery end of the air pump is connected to the inside of the fitting airbag through a pipe.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a lifting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the base, and an end cap is fixedly connected to the top of each of the two lifting rods. The same lifting slide is slidably connected to the outer side of the two lifting rods. Two cylinders are fixedly connected to the top of the base, and the output ends of the two cylinders are fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting slide. An adjusting rail is fixedly connected to one side of the lifting slide, and an end frame is fixedly connected to one side of the adjusting rail. An adjusting slider is slidably connected inside the adjusting rail. A cylinder is fixedly connected to the side of the end frame facing the adjusting slider. The output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjusting slider, and an adjusting frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjusting slider.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a middle block is fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting plate, and a hydraulic cylinder three is fixedly connected to both sides of the middle block. The output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders three are fixedly connected to side blocks. Limit rails are fixedly connected to the inner walls of both sides of the adjusting frame. Limit rails are slidably connected to limit sliders inside each side block. Limit sliders are fixedly connected to one side of the adjacent side block.

[0015] By setting up a vibration damping adjustment component, when performing laser cleaning on the surface of special pressure equipment, the surface of the equipment may be uneven. The laser rangefinder will then feed back the specific distance to the back-end control terminal, requiring adjustment of the laser emitter position. During the adjustment process, vibrations will occur, which will affect the laser emission stability of the laser emitter. Therefore, before the laser emitter operates, the third hydraulic cylinder moves the pressure rods at both ends toward the mounting plate, so that the vibration damping spring rod is at the compression critical point. When the second hydraulic cylinder reciprocates and pushes the mounting plate, the vibration damping spring rod weakens the vibrations that occur during the adjustment process, reducing the impact of vibrations on the laser emitter and ensuring stable laser output.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the same pressure rod is fixedly connected to the opposite side of each pair of adjacent side blocks, and shock-absorbing spring rods are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the side of the pressure rod facing the mounting plate. One end of each shock-absorbing spring rod is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting plate. A second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the adjustment frame, and the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the pressure rods.

[0017] All of the above-mentioned raw materials used in this invention can be prepared in-house or purchased commercially; this invention does not impose any particular limitations on them.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for using the laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure equipment as described in the first aspect, the method comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Move the equipment to the location where the special pressure equipment needs to be processed, then adjust the hydraulic cylinder to drive the pressure rods at both ends to move towards the mounting plate, so that the shock-absorbing spring rod is at the compression critical point, and then adjust the position of the protective sleeve;

[0020] Step 2: Manually rotate the sliding integrated frame. The sliding integrated frame rotates in the circular track. After rotating it to the designated position, the electromagnet is energized, and the electromagnet attracts the iron ring plate, quickly completing the position adjustment of the protective sleeve. Then, adjust the hydraulic cylinder to move the protective sleeve toward the surface of the special pressure-bearing equipment. When the fitting airbag contacts its surface, start the air pump. The air pump delivers gas into the fitting airbag. The fitting airbag in the inflated state achieves the line of sight blockage between the laser emitter and the special pressure-bearing equipment.

[0021] Step 3: After preparation, the laser emitter begins operation. A large amount of smoke and dust is generated during laser cleaning. The dust pump is activated, and it absorbs the generated smoke and dust through the suction holes on the hollow positioning cover. The center point of the hollow positioning cover is on the laser irradiation line of the laser emitter, ensuring efficient collection of the smoke and dust generated during laser cleaning. During laser cleaning, the second adjusting cylinder moves the laser emitter. Simultaneously, the circular electric rail opens, and the rotating ring drives the wiping head to wipe the laser-cleaned area. Dust raised during wiping is collected by the suction hole, while some flows elsewhere and gradually detaches from the special pressure-bearing equipment. After laser cleaning is completed, the equipment is removed, and the operation ends.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] This invention provides a laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment. During laser cleaning of the equipment surface via a laser emitter, a large amount of dust is generated. A dust pump is activated, and the dust is absorbed through suction holes on a hollow positioning cover. The center of the hollow positioning cover is located on the laser irradiation line of the laser emitter, ensuring efficient collection of the dust generated during laser cleaning and preventing the dust from affecting the cleaning effect. During the movement of the laser emitter, a ring-shaped electric rail is activated, and the rotating ring drives a wiping head to wipe the laser-cleaned area. Dust raised during wiping is collected by the suction holes, while some flows elsewhere and gradually detaches from the pressure-bearing equipment. This ensures that the amount of dust remaining after laser cleaning of the pressure-bearing equipment surface is low and will not affect the subsequent weld inspection results. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of a laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting slide and adjusting rail combination structure of a laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure equipment proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the laser emitter and cleaning auxiliary components of a laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure equipment proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning auxiliary component of a laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure equipment proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the planar structure;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the protective components of a laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment proposed in this invention;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial structural sectional view;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the shock absorption adjustment component of a laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment proposed in this invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the adjustment frame of a laser cleaning device for the surface of a special pressure-bearing equipment proposed in this invention;

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Cylinder 1; 3. Protective components; 301. Protective sleeve; 302. Fitting airbag; 303. Solenoid valve; 304. Exhaust pipe; 305. Pump ring frame; 306. Air pump; 307. Moving arc rod; 308. Hydraulic cylinder 1; 309. Connecting rod; 310. Fixed arc rod; 311. Connecting column; 312. Iron ring plate; 313. Circular track; 314. Electromagnet; 315. Sliding integrated frame; 316. Inner support rod; 4. Cleaning auxiliary components; 401. Hollow positioning cover; 402. Rotating ring; 403. Suction hole 1; 404. Wiping head; 405. Connecting rigid pipe; 406. Suction hole 2; 407. Hollow suction hood; 408. Follower rod; 409. Suction pipe; 410. Suction pump; 411. Pump frame; 412. Fixing rod; 413. Electric slide bar; 414. Circular electric rail; 5. Shock absorption adjustment assembly; 501. Adjustment frame; 502. Mounting plate; 503. Limiting rail; 504. Side block; 505. Pressure rod; 506. Shock absorption spring rod; 507. Hydraulic cylinder two; 508. Limiting slider; 509. Hydraulic cylinder three; 510. Intermediate block; 6. Lifting rod; 7. End head; 8. Lifting slide; 9. Adjusting rail; 10. End frame; 11. Cylinder two; 12. Adjusting slider; 13. Mounting column; 14. Mounting circular plate; 15. Camera; 16. Frame; 17. Image analysis module; 18. Connecting plate; 19. Laser emitter; 20. Mounting rod; 21. Laser rangefinder; 22. Dust collection box. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but this does not constitute any limitation on the present invention.

[0036] The laser cleaning device and method for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment disclosed in this invention are mainly applied to the use of existing laser cleaning devices. During the laser cleaning process, a large amount of smoke and dust is generated. The outer surface of the special pressure-bearing equipment is not flat and smooth. When performing laser cleaning, it is necessary to monitor the distance using a laser ranging device to ensure that the laser emitter and the special pressure-bearing equipment are kept at a safe distance. The presence of smoke and dust not only reduces the accuracy of distance monitoring by the laser ranging device, but also reduces the effectiveness of laser cleaning.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Reference Figures 1-10 This embodiment provides a laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment, the specific details of which are as follows:

[0039] The laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure equipment includes a base 1 and a shock-absorbing adjustment component 5. The shock-absorbing adjustment component 5 includes an adjustment frame 501 and a mounting plate 502. Mounting columns 13 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the mounting plate 502. The ends of the two mounting columns 13 are fixedly connected to the same mounting circular plate 14. A protective component 3 is provided on the outside of the mounting circular plate 14. The protective component 3 includes an annular track 313 and a protective sleeve 301. A cleaning auxiliary component 4 is provided above the protective sleeve 301. The cleaning auxiliary component 4 includes a hollow positioning cover 401. Dust suction holes 403 are opened at equal intervals inside the hollow positioning cover 401. Two fixing rods 412 are fixedly connected to the outside of the hollow positioning cover 401. The same annular electric rail 414 is fixedly connected to one side of the two fixing rods 412. Electric sliding rods 413 are slidably connected at equal intervals inside the annular electric rail 414. The same rotating ring 402 is fixedly connected to one side of the multiple electric sliding rods 413. The rotating ring 402 has equidistant... The wiping head 404 and the hollow positioning cover 401 are fixedly connected to a follower rod 408 on their downward-facing outer side. The hollow positioning cover 401 has two connecting holes on its outer side, and a connecting rigid tube 405 is fixedly connected inside each of the two connecting holes. A hollow dust collection cover 407 is fixedly connected to the open end of each of the two connecting rigid tubes 405. A laser emitting head 19 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate 14 facing the hollow positioning cover 401, and two dust collection holes 4 are opened on the outer side of the two hollow dust collection covers 407 facing the laser emitting head 19. 06. Two connecting plates 18 are fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate 14 facing the hollow positioning cover 401. A dust collection box 22 is fixedly connected to one side of each of the two connecting plates 18. A pump frame 411 is fixedly connected to the outside of the dust collection box 22. A vacuum pump 410 is fixedly connected inside the pump frame 411. A vacuum pipe 409 is fixedly connected to the vacuum end of the vacuum pump 410. The vacuum pipe 409 is inserted into the inside of the adjacent connecting rigid pipe 405. The dust conveying end of the vacuum pump 410 is connected to the inside of the dust collection box 22 through a pipe.

[0040] When cleaning the surface of special pressure equipment using the laser emitter 19, a large amount of fumes are generated during the laser cleaning process. The dust pump 410 is activated, and the dust is absorbed through the dust suction hole 403 on the hollow positioning cover 401. The center point of the hollow positioning cover 401 is located on the laser irradiation line of the laser emitter 19, thus ensuring that the fumes generated during the laser cleaning process are collected efficiently and avoiding the presence of fumes affecting the laser cleaning effect. During the movement of the laser emitter 19, the annular electric rail 414 is opened, and the rotating ring 402 drives the wiping head 404 to wipe the laser-cleaned area during the rotation. The dust raised during the wiping process is collected by the dust suction hole 403, and some flows to other places and gradually leaves the special pressure equipment. This ensures that the amount of fumes present after laser cleaning of the surface of the special pressure equipment is low and will not affect the subsequent weld inspection, thereby improving the use value of the laser cleaning equipment.

[0041] During the operation of the vacuum pump 410, the vacuum holes 406 on the hollow vacuum hood 407 collect the smoke and dust on the outside of the laser emitter 19 to prevent the flow of smoke and dust from contaminating the laser emitter 19.

[0042] Reference Figures 1-4 A frame 16 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate 14 away from the laser emitter 19, and a camera 15 is fixedly connected to the side of the frame 16 facing the hollow positioning cover 401. An image analysis module 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the frame 16. A mounting rod 20 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate 14 below the laser emitter 19, and a laser rangefinder 21 is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting rod 20.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 Two docking posts 311 are fixedly connected to the side of the mounting circular plate 14 facing the adjusting frame 501, and an annular track 313 is fixedly connected to the ends of the two docking posts 311. A sliding integrated frame 315 is slidably connected inside the annular track 313. Inner support rods 316 are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the side of the sliding integrated frame 315 facing the mounting circular plate 14. A protective sleeve 301 is fitted onto the outside of the inner support rods 316. An iron ring plate 312 is fixedly connected to the outside of the annular track 313. An electromagnet 314 is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding integrated frame 315 facing the iron ring plate 312. The same fixed arc rod 310 is fixedly connected to the outside of multiple inner support rods 316, and the fixed arc rod 310 is located below the iron ring plate 312. Three connecting rods 309 are fixedly connected to one side of the fixed arc plate. Hydraulic cylinders 308 are fixedly connected to one side of each of the three hydraulic cylinders 308. The output ends of the three hydraulic cylinders 308 are fixedly connected to the same moving arc rod 307. The moving arc rod 307 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the protective sleeve 301 away from the fixed arc rod 310. The follower rod 408 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the moving arc rod 307 facing upward. A fitting airbag 302 is fixedly connected to the side of the moving arc rod 307 away from the annular track 313. An exhaust hole is opened on the side of the fitting airbag 302. An exhaust pipe 304 is fixedly connected inside the exhaust hole. A solenoid valve 303 is connected to the outer side of the exhaust pipe 304 through a flange. A pump ring frame 305 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the moving arc rod 307 facing downward. An air pump 306 is fixedly connected inside the pump ring frame 305. The air supply end of the air pump 306 is connected to the inside of the fitting airbag 302 through a pipe.

[0044] It should be noted that during laser cleaning of the surface of special pressure equipment, the hydraulic cylinder 308 is adjusted to move the protective sleeve 301 toward the surface of the special pressure equipment. When the airbag 302 comes into contact with its surface, the air pump 306 is started, and the air pump 306 delivers gas into the airbag 302. The airbag 302 in its inflated state blocks the line of sight between the laser emitter 19 and the special pressure equipment, thereby ensuring that the laser emitter 19 cannot be seen by the laser during operation, avoiding laser injury to the workers and improving the safety performance of the laser cleaning equipment.

[0045] When using this laser cleaning equipment, the position of the protective sleeve 301 can be adjusted according to the specific location that the special pressure equipment needs to be cleaned. By manually rotating the sliding integrated frame 315, the sliding integrated frame 315 rotates in the ring track 313. After rotating it to the designated position, the electromagnet 314 is energized, and the electromagnet 314 attracts the iron ring plate 312, quickly completing the position adjustment of the protective sleeve 301.

[0046] Reference Figures 1-4 The top of the base 1 is fixedly connected to a lifting rod 6, and the top of each of the two lifting rods 6 is fixedly connected to an end head 7. The outer sides of the two lifting rods 6 are slidably connected to the same lifting slide 8. The top of the base 1 is fixedly connected to two cylinders 2. The output ends of the two cylinders 2 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting slide 8. An adjusting rail 9 is fixedly connected to one side of the lifting slide 8. An end frame 10 is fixedly connected to one side of the adjusting rail 9. An adjusting slider 12 is slidably connected inside the adjusting rail 9. A cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the side of the end frame 10 facing the adjusting slider 12. The output end of the cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjusting slider 12. An adjusting frame 501 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjusting slider 12.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 9 and Figure 10Both sides of the mounting plate 502 are fixedly connected to a middle block 510, and both sides of the middle block 510 are fixedly connected to a hydraulic cylinder 509. The output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders 509 are fixedly connected to a side block 504. The inner walls of both sides of the adjusting frame 501 are fixedly connected to a limit rail 503. The limit rail 503 is located inside each side block 504 and is slidably connected to a limit slider 508. The limit slider 508 is fixedly connected to one side of an adjacent side block 504. The opposite side of each pair of adjacent side blocks 504 is fixedly connected to the same pressure rod 505. The side of the pressure rod 505 facing the mounting plate 502 is fixedly connected to a shock-absorbing spring rod 506 at equal intervals. One end of the shock-absorbing spring rod 506 is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting plate 502. The inner wall of one side of the adjusting frame 501 is fixedly connected to a hydraulic cylinder 507. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 507 is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the pressure rods 505.

[0048] When performing laser cleaning on the surface of special pressure equipment, the surface of the equipment may be uneven. The laser rangefinder 21 will feed back the specific distance to the back-end control terminal, which requires adjustment of the position of the laser emitter 19. During the adjustment of the position of the laser emitter 19, oscillation will occur, which will affect the laser emission stability of the laser emitter 19. Therefore, before the laser emitter 19 is working, the hydraulic cylinder three 509 is adjusted to move the pressure rods 505 at both ends toward the mounting plate 502, so that the shock-absorbing spring rod 506 is at the compression critical point. When the hydraulic cylinder two 507 pushes the mounting plate 502 back and forth, the shock-absorbing spring rod 506 weakens the oscillation that occurs during the adjustment process, reduces the impact of oscillation on the laser emitter 19, and ensures stable output of the laser emitter 19.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment provides a method for using a laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment. Using the laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure-bearing equipment provided in Embodiment 1, the method includes the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Move the equipment to the location where the special pressure equipment needs to be processed, and then adjust the hydraulic cylinder 3 509 to drive the pressure rods 505 at both ends to move towards the mounting plate 502, so that the shock-absorbing spring rod 506 is at the compression critical point. Then adjust the position of the protective sleeve 301.

[0052] Step 2: Manually rotate the sliding integrated frame 315. The sliding integrated frame 315 rotates in the circular track 313. After rotating it to the designated position, the electromagnet 314 is energized. The electromagnet 314 attracts the iron ring plate 312, quickly completing the position adjustment of the protective sleeve 301. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 308 is adjusted to drive the protective sleeve 301 towards the surface of the special pressure-bearing equipment. When the fitting airbag 302 contacts its surface, the air pump 306 is started. The air pump 306 delivers gas into the fitting airbag 302. The line of sight between the laser emitter 19 and the special pressure-bearing equipment is blocked by the fitting airbag 302 in the inflated state.

[0053] Step 3: After the preparation work is completed, the laser emitting head 19 starts working. A large amount of smoke and dust is generated during the laser cleaning process. The dust pump 410 is started. The dust pump 410 absorbs the generated smoke and dust through the dust suction hole 403 on the hollow positioning cover 401. The center point of the hollow positioning cover 401 is on the laser irradiation line of the laser emitting head 19, so as to ensure that the smoke and dust generated during the laser cleaning process are collected efficiently. During the laser cleaning, the regulating cylinder 11 drives the laser emitting head 19 to move. At the same time, the annular electric rail 414 is opened. The rotating ring 402 drives the wiping head 404 to wipe the laser cleaning area during the rotation. The dust raised during the wiping process is collected by the dust suction hole 403, and some flows to other places and gradually gets away from the special pressure equipment. After the laser cleaning is completed, the equipment is removed and the operation ends.

[0054] In summary, the laser cleaning device for the surface of special pressure equipment of the present invention has the following characteristics: When cleaning the surface of special pressure equipment through a laser emitting head, a large amount of smoke and dust is generated during the laser cleaning process. The dust pump is activated, and the dust is absorbed through the dust suction holes on the hollow positioning cover. The center point of the hollow positioning cover is located on the laser irradiation line of the laser emitting head, thereby ensuring that the smoke and dust generated during the laser cleaning process are efficiently collected and avoiding the presence of smoke and dust affecting the laser cleaning effect. During the movement of the laser emitting head, the annular electric rail is opened, and the rotating ring drives the wiping head to wipe the laser-cleaned area during rotation. The dust raised during the wiping process is collected by the dust suction holes, and some flows to other places and gradually leaves the special pressure equipment. This ensures that the amount of smoke and dust after laser cleaning of the surface of the special pressure equipment is low and will not affect the technical effect of subsequent weld inspection.

[0055] It should be noted that the embodiments described above are only for explaining the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. The present invention has been described with reference to typical embodiments, but it should be understood that the words used therein are descriptive and explanatory terms, not limiting terms. Modifications can be made to the present invention within the scope of the claims, and revisions can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Although the present invention described herein relates to specific methods, materials, and embodiments, it does not mean that the present invention is limited to the specific examples disclosed herein; on the contrary, the present invention can be extended to all other methods and applications with the same function.

Claims

1. A laser cleaning device for special pressure equipment surfaces, comprising a base (1) and a shock-absorbing adjustment assembly (5), characterized in that, The shock adjusting assembly (5) comprises an adjusting frame (501) and a mounting plate (502), the top and bottom of the mounting plate (502) are fixedly connected with mounting columns (13), the ends of the two mounting columns (13) are fixedly connected with the same mounting round plate (14), the outer side of the mounting round plate (14) is provided with a protection assembly (3), the protection assembly (3) comprises an annular track (313) and a protection sleeve (301), the upper side of the protection sleeve (301) is provided with a cleaning auxiliary assembly (4), the cleaning auxiliary assembly (4) comprises a hollow positioning cover (401), and a plurality of dust suction holes (403) are equidistantly arranged in the hollow positioning cover (401), the outer side of the hollow positioning cover (401) is fixedly connected with two fixed rods (412), one side of the two fixed rods (412) is fixedly connected with the same annular electric track (414), a plurality of electric sliding rods (413) are equidistantly and slidably connected in the annular electric track (414), one side of the plurality of electric sliding rods (413) is fixedly connected with the same rotating ring (402), a plurality of wiping heads (404) are equidistantly arranged on the side, away from the mounting round plate (14), of the rotating ring (402), the outer side of the hollow positioning cover (401) facing the lower side is fixedly connected with a follow-up rod (408), and the outer side of the hollow positioning cover (401) is provided with two communication holes, the inner sides of the two communication holes are fixedly connected with communication hard pipes (405), and the opening ends of the two communication hard pipes (405) are fixedly connected with hollow dust suction covers (407). The side, facing the hollow positioning cover (401), of the mounting round plate (14) is fixedly connected with a laser emitting head (19), the outer sides of the two hollow dust suction covers (407) facing the laser emitting head (19) are provided with dust suction holes (406), the side, facing the hollow positioning cover (401), of the mounting round plate (14) is fixedly connected with two connecting plates (18), one side of each of the two connecting plates (18) is fixedly connected with a dust collection box (22), the outer side of the dust collection box (22) is fixedly connected with a pump frame (411), the inner side of the pump frame (411) is fixedly connected with a dust suction pump (410), the dust suction end of the dust suction pump (410) is fixedly connected with a dust suction pipe (409), the dust suction pipe (409) is inserted into the inner side of the adjacent communication hard pipe (405), and the dust conveying end of the dust suction pump (410) is connected with the inner side of the dust collection box (22) through a pipeline.

2. The laser cleaning apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The side, away from the laser emitting head (19), of the mounting round plate (14) is fixedly connected with a rack (16), the side, facing the hollow positioning cover (401), of the rack (16) is fixedly connected with a shooting camera (15), the top of the rack (16) is fixedly connected with an image analysis module (17), the side, below the laser emitting head (19), of the mounting round plate (14) is fixedly connected with a mounting rod (20), and the end of the mounting rod (20) is fixedly connected with a laser range finder (21).

3. The laser cleaning apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The side of the installation round plate (14) facing the adjusting frame (501) is fixedly connected with two butt columns (311), and an annular track (313) is fixedly connected to the end of the two butt columns (311), and a sliding integrated frame (315) is slidably connected to the inside of the annular track (313), and the side of the sliding integrated frame (315) facing the installation round plate (14) is fixedly connected with inner support rods (316) at equal distances, and a protective sleeve (301) is sleeved on the outside of the inner support rods (316), and an iron ring plate (312) is fixedly connected to the outside of the annular track (313), and an electromagnet (314) is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding integrated frame (315) facing the iron ring plate (312).

4. The laser cleaning apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The outside of the plurality of inner support rods (316) is fixedly connected with a same fixed arc rod (310), and the fixed arc rod (310) is located below the iron ring plate (312), one side of the fixed arc plate is fixedly connected with three connecting rods (309), one side of each of the three connecting rods (309) is fixedly connected with a hydraulic cylinder one (308), the output end of the three hydraulic cylinders one (308) is fixedly connected with a same moving arc rod (307), the moving arc rod (307) is fixedly connected to the outside of the protective sleeve (301) away from the fixed arc rod (310), and a follower rod (408) is fixedly connected to the outside of the moving arc rod (307) facing upward.

5. The laser cleaning apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The side of the moving arc rod (307) away from the annular track (313) is fixedly connected with a fitting air bag (302), and a vent hole is formed in the side of the fitting air bag (302), and a vent pipe (304) is fixedly connected in the vent hole, and an electromagnetic valve (303) is connected to the outside of the vent pipe (304) through a flange, a pump ring frame (305) is fixedly connected to the outside of the moving arc rod (307) facing downward, a gas pump (306) is fixedly connected in the pump ring frame (305), and the gas delivery end of the gas pump (306) is connected to the inside of the fitting air bag (302) through a pipeline.

6. The laser cleaning apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected with lifting long rods (6), and the top of each of the two lifting long rods (6) is fixedly connected with an end head (7), and the outside of the two lifting long rods (6) is slidably connected with a same lifting carriage (8), the top of the base (1) is fixedly connected with two cylinders one (2), and the output end of each of the two cylinders one (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting carriage (8), one side of the lifting carriage (8) is fixedly connected with an adjusting rail (9), one side of the adjusting rail (9) is fixedly connected with an end frame (10), the inside of the adjusting rail (9) is slidably connected with an adjusting sliding block (12), one side of the end frame (10) facing the adjusting sliding block (12) is fixedly connected with a cylinder two (11), the output end of the cylinder two (11) is fixedly connected to the outside of the adjusting sliding block (12), and the adjusting frame (501) is fixedly connected to the outside of the adjusting sliding block (12).

7. The laser cleaning apparatus of claim 6, wherein, Both sides of the mounting plate (502) are fixedly connected with the middle blocks (510), and both sides of the middle blocks (510) are fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinders three (509), the output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders three (509) are fixedly connected with the side blocks (504), the inner walls of the two sides of the adjusting frame (501) are fixedly connected with the limiting rails (503), the limiting rails (503) are located in the interiors of the side blocks (504) and are slidably connected with the limiting sliders (508), and the limiting sliders (508) are fixedly connected to one side of the adjacent side blocks (504).

8. The laser cleaning apparatus of claim 7, wherein, The opposite sides of every two adjacent side blocks (504) are fixedly connected with the same pressing rods (505), one side of the pressing rod (505) faces the mounting plate (502) and is fixedly connected with the shock-absorbing spring rods (506) at equal distances, one end of the shock-absorbing spring rod (506) is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting plate (502), and the inner wall of one side of the adjusting frame (501) is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder two (507), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder two (507) is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the pressing rods (505).

9. The method of using a laser cleaning apparatus for a special pressure equipment surface as defined in claim 8, wherein, The use method comprises the following steps: Step one: move the device to the position required by the special pressure-bearing equipment, then adjust the hydraulic cylinder three (509) to drive the pressing rods (505) at both ends to move towards the mounting plate (502), so that the shock-absorbing spring rods (506) are at the compression critical point, and then adjust the position of the protective sleeve (301); Step two: manually rotate the sliding integrated frame (315), the sliding integrated frame (315) rotates in the annular track (313), after rotating to the specified position, the electromagnet (314) is electrified, then the electromagnet (314) and the iron ring plate (312) are adsorbed, the position adjustment of the protective sleeve (301) is quickly completed, then the hydraulic cylinder one (308) drives the protective sleeve (301) to move towards the surface of the special pressure-bearing equipment, when the fitting air bag (302) contacts the surface, the air pump (306) is started, the air pump (306) transports gas into the fitting air bag (302), and the line-of-sight block between the laser emitting head (19) and the special pressure-bearing equipment is realized through the fitting air bag (302) in the inflation state. Step three: after the preparation work is completed, the laser emitting head (19) starts to work, a large amount of smoke and dust is generated in the laser cleaning process, the dust suction pump (410) is started, the dust suction pump (410) absorbs the generated smoke and dust through the dust suction hole one (403) on the hollow positioning cover (401), the center point position of the hollow positioning cover (401) is on the laser irradiation line of the laser emitting head (19), so as to ensure that the smoke and dust generated in the laser cleaning process is collected efficiently, in the laser cleaning process, the adjusting cylinder two (11) drives the laser emitting head (19) to move, at the same time, the annular electric track (414) is opened, the rotating ring (402) drives the wiping head (404) to wipe the laser cleaning part in the rotating process, part of the dust raised in the wiping process is collected by the dust suction hole one (403), part of the dust flows to other places and gradually separates from the special pressure-bearing equipment, after the laser cleaning is completed, the equipment is removed, and the operation is ended.

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