An electric vehicle heating and cooling system that can achieve dual thermal storage by directly driving an in-vehicle heat pump with a charging pile

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electric vehicle heating and cooling system that can directly drive an on-vehicle heat pump by a charging pile to achieve dual storage of cold and heat, including a refrigerant circulation system, a water circulation system, and a charging / power supply system. The present invention directly obtains power from the charging pile to drive the on-vehicle heat pump to store cold and heat, and during the use of the vehicle, only by consuming a small amount of electric energy of the on-vehicle battery, the heating and cooling supply can be achieved; moreover, the system has a cold storage operation mode of directly driving the on-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system by the charging pile while charging, a heat storage operation mode of directly driving the on-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system by the charging pile while charging, a direct cooling / heating operation mode of the cold / heat storage device, a cooling operation mode of the battery-driven on-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, a heating operation mode of the battery-driven on-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, and a cooling operation mode of the battery-driven on-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system for cooling the battery pack, which can stably and efficiently meet the heating and cooling requirements of electric vehicles; and solves the problem of the attenuation of the cruising range of electric vehicles caused by the high energy consumption of the refrigeration and heating system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy technologies, and particularly to an electric vehicle heating and cooling system that can directly drive an in-vehicle heat pump with a charging pile to achieve dual cold and heat storage. Background Art

[0002] Due to characteristics such as no pollution, low noise, and high comfort, electric vehicles are increasingly favored by consumers. The energy consumed by systems such as the electric drive, refrigeration and heating, and control of electric vehicles all depends on the in-vehicle battery. Among them, the power consumption of the refrigeration and heating system is second only to that of the electric drive system, generally accounting for 18 - 30% of the total discharge of the in-vehicle battery. In a low-temperature environment, the power consumption ratio of the heating system can even reach more than 50%. Thus, it can be seen that the high power consumption of the heating and cooling system is the key factor leading to the attenuation of the cruising range of electric vehicles.

[0003] To improve the cruising performance of electric vehicles, some automobile manufacturers have adopted the strategy of increasing the battery pack capacity. However, this solution is not a long-term one because increasing the battery pack capacity will significantly increase the vehicle production cost and push up the vehicle market price. It not only cannot promote technological progress but also is difficult to gain wide acceptance and recognition in the market. Therefore, in the current situation where the development of battery technology is restricted, the industry is more inclined to research and develop more efficient and energy-saving refrigeration and heating systems to solve such problems.

[0004] In recent years, relevant practitioners have also proposed some technical solutions.

[0005] For example, the electric vehicle waste heat recovery heat pump system disclosed in CN104121723A realizes the reuse of the waste heat of electric vehicles by recovering the heat dissipated by the internal heat dissipation system of the electric vehicle air conditioner and the waste heat of the exhaust gas discharged by the air conditioner, improving the energy utilization efficiency of electric vehicles. The electric vehicle and its air conditioner system disclosed in CN109398026A provides an electric vehicle air conditioner system that can recycle the waste heat of the power battery and the electric drive system, improving the heating performance of the electric vehicle air conditioner at low temperatures and reducing the system heating power consumption. Another example is the multi-source heat pump type electric vehicle thermal management system based on phase change heat storage disclosed in CN216048480U. By adding a phase change heat storage unit in the heat dissipation pipeline of the electric vehicle power assembly, the waste heat generated by each component in the system is efficiently recovered and released at an appropriate time, achieving energy saving of the electric vehicle heating system by making full use of the in-vehicle heat source. At the same time, the phase change heat storage unit can absorb the heat generated by the motor and battery in summer, reducing the load of the refrigeration system.

[0006] Although the technologies provided by the above patents can reduce the load of the heat pump air conditioner system to a certain extent by recovering the waste heat of the electric vehicle motor, battery pack, or heat pump air conditioner system, due to the extremely limited recoverable waste heat resources, it is difficult to significantly reduce the energy consumption of the electric vehicle heating and cooling system and significantly improve the cruising range of electric vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides an electric vehicle heating and cooling system that can directly drive an on-vehicle heat pump by a charging pile to achieve dual cold and heat storage, so as to solve the problem of the attenuation of the cruising range of electric vehicles caused by the high energy consumption of the refrigeration and heating system. When the vehicle is charging, the charging pile is used to directly drive the on-vehicle heat pump to store cold / heat, and this part of cold / heat is released during the use of the vehicle, so as to efficiently and stably supply cold / heat to the vehicle cab, avoiding the large consumption of the electric energy carried by the on-vehicle battery pack by the electric vehicle heating and cooling system, and achieving a significant improvement in the cruising range of electric vehicles.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: an electric vehicle heating and cooling system that can directly drive an on-vehicle heat pump by a charging pile to achieve dual cold and heat storage, including a refrigerant circulation system, a water circulation system, and a charging / power supply system.

[0009] The refrigerant circulation system includes a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a throttling device, an outdoor heat exchanger, and an outdoor heat exchanger fan. The outlet of the compressor is sequentially connected to the four-way reversing valve, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger, the throttling device, the outdoor heat exchanger, the four-way reversing valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the inlet of the compressor.

[0010] The water circulation system includes a circulation pump, an in-vehicle heat exchanger, an in-vehicle heat exchanger fan, an internal heat exchanger of the battery pack, a cold / heat storage device, a cold / heat storage device heat exchanger, and switching valves F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, and F7.

[0011] The charging / power supply system includes a charging pile, a charging pile interface, a battery pack charging terminal, a battery pack discharging terminal, a battery pack, a rectification / voltage regulation module, an in-vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K1, a circulation pump switch K2, a compressor switch K3, an outdoor heat exchanger fan switch K4, a battery pack discharging switch K5, a battery pack direct drive switch K6, and a battery pack charging switch K7.

[0012] Further, the refrigerant circulation system includes a refrigeration structure and a heating structure.

[0013] The compressor drives the refrigerant to circulate, and the refrigerant-water heat exchanger serves as an evaporator, and the outdoor heat exchanger serves as a condenser, constituting a refrigeration structure.

[0014] When the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger fan are started, and the interfaces 1# and 3# of the four-way reversing valve are connected, and the interfaces 2#

[0015] and 4# are connected, the refrigeration structure works.

[0016] The compressor drives the refrigerant cycle, and the refrigerant-water heat exchanger serves as the condenser while the outside-vehicle heat exchanger serves as the evaporator, forming a heating structure.

[0017] The compressor and the outside-vehicle heat exchanger fan start, and when the interfaces 1# and 2# of the four-way reversing valve are connected and the interfaces 3# and 4#

[0018] are connected, the heating structure operates.

[0019] Furthermore, the water circulation system includes Channel 1, Channel 2, Channel 3, Channel 4, and Channel 5.

[0020] The cold / heat storage device is connected to the circulation pump through the switching valves F2, F4, and F6 via the refrigerant-water heat exchanger to form Channel 1, and Channel 1 is used for cold storage or heat storage.

[0021] The cold / heat storage device is connected to the circulation pump through the switching valves F2, F4, and F7 via the refrigerant-water heat exchanger to form Channel 2, and Channel 2 is used for cold storage while cooling the battery pack.

[0022] The cold / heat storage device is sequentially connected to the circulation pump through the switching valves F1, F4, F6, and F3 to form Channel 3, and Channel 3 is used for supplying cold or heat energy stored in the cold / heat storage device to cool or heat the vehicle interior.

[0023] The circulation pump is sequentially connected to the switching valves F1 and F5 and then connected to the refrigerant-water heat exchanger through the switching valve F6 to form Channel 4, and Channel 4 is used for supplying cold or heat to the vehicle interior using the refrigerant circulation system.

[0024] The circulation pump is sequentially connected to the switching valves F2 and F5 and then connected to the refrigerant-water heat exchanger through the switching valve F7 to form Channel 5, and Channel 5 is used for cooling the battery pack using the refrigerant circulation system.

[0025] Furthermore, after the refrigerant circulation system, the water circulation system, and the charging / powering system are combined, the following are formed:

[0026] The charging pile charging while directly driving the vehicle-mounted heat pump air-conditioning system for cold storage operation mode, the charging pile charging while directly driving the vehicle-mounted heat pump air-conditioning system for heat storage operation mode, the cold / heat storage device directly supplying cold / heat operation mode, the battery driving the vehicle-mounted heat pump air-conditioning system for cooling operation mode, the battery driving the vehicle-mounted heat pump air-conditioning system for heating operation mode, and the battery driving the vehicle-mounted heat pump air-conditioning system for cooling the battery pack operation mode.

[0027] The charging pile charging while directly driving the vehicle-mounted heat pump air-conditioning system for cold storage operation mode includes:

[0028] The charging pile interface is connected, the circulating pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, the external heat exchanger fan switch K4, the charging pile direct drive switch K6, and the battery pack charging switch K7 are closed. The interfaces 1# and 3# of the four-way reversing valve are connected, and the interfaces 2# and 4# are connected. The switching valves F2, F4, and F7 are opened, and the compressor, the external heat exchanger fan, and the circulating pump are powered on and operate.

[0029] The heat storage operation mode of the vehicle-mounted heat pump air conditioning system directly driven by the charging pile during charging includes:

[0030] The charging pile interface is connected, the circulating pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, the external heat exchanger fan switch K4, the charging pile direct drive switch K6, and the battery pack charging switch K7 are closed. The interfaces 1# and 2# of the four-way reversing valve are connected, and the interfaces 3# and 4# are connected. The switching valves F2, F4, and F6 are opened, and the compressor, the external heat exchanger fan, and the circulating pump are powered on and operate.

[0031] The direct cooling / heating operation mode of the cold / hot storage device includes:

[0032] The in-vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K1, the circulating pump switch K2, and the battery pack discharge switch K5 are closed. The switching valves F1, F3, F4, and F6 are opened, and the circulating pump and the in-vehicle heat exchanger fan are powered on and operate.

[0033] The cooling operation mode of the battery-driven vehicle-mounted heat pump air conditioning system includes:

[0034] The in-vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K1, the circulating pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, the external heat exchanger fan switch K4, and the battery pack discharge switch K5 are closed. The interfaces 1# and 3# of the four-way reversing valve 102 are connected, and the interfaces 2# and 4# are connected. The switching valves F1, F5, and F6 are opened, and the compressor, the external heat exchanger fan, the circulating pump, and the in-vehicle heat exchanger fan are powered on and operate.

[0035] The heating operation mode of the battery-driven vehicle-mounted heat pump air conditioning system includes:

[0036] The in-vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K1, the circulating pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, the external heat exchanger fan switch K4, and the battery pack discharge switch K5 are closed. The interfaces 1# and 2# of the four-way reversing valve are connected, and the interfaces 3# and 4# are connected. The switching valves F1, F5, and F6 are opened, and the compressor, the external heat exchanger fan, the circulating pump, and the in-vehicle heat exchanger fan are started, powered on, and operate.

[0037] The cooling battery pack operation mode of the battery-driven vehicle-mounted heat pump air conditioning system includes:

[0038] The circulation pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, the outdoor heat exchanger fan switch K4, and the battery pack discharge switch K5 are closed. The interfaces 1# and 3# of the four-way reversing valve are connected, and the interfaces 2# and 4# are connected. The switching valves F2, F5, and F7 are opened, and the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger fan, and the circulation pump are powered on and operate.

[0039] Further, the compressor includes one of a scroll compressor, a rotary compressor, or a piston compressor.

[0040] Further, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger includes one of a shell-and-tube refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a brazed plate refrigerant-water heat exchanger, or a tube-and-shell refrigerant-water heat exchanger.

[0041] Further, the throttling device includes one of an electronic expansion valve, a thermostatic expansion valve, or a capillary tube.

[0042] Further, the outdoor heat exchanger includes one of a parallel flow heat exchanger, a finned tube heat exchanger, or a microchannel heat exchanger.

[0043] Further, the outdoor heat exchanger fan includes one of an axial flow heat exchanger fan or a cross-flow heat exchanger fan.

[0044] By the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0045] 1. For the electric vehicle heating and cooling system of the present invention, while the electric vehicle is charging, the on-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system can be directly driven by the charging pile to produce and store cold energy and heat energy. During the use of the electric vehicle, only a small amount of electric power is used to drive the circulation pump and the in-vehicle heat exchanger fan to circulate and release the stored cold energy and heat energy, so as to realize the heating and cooling supply of the driver and passenger compartment. Therefore, the power consumption of the heating and cooling system during the driving of the electric vehicle can be significantly reduced, and the endurance of the electric vehicle can be effectively improved.

[0046] 2. For the electric vehicle heating and cooling system of the present invention, the cold / heat storage material used has lower cost, better safety, longer service life, and lower maintenance and replacement costs compared with the lithium-ion battery used in the electric vehicle. Therefore, compared with the electric vehicle that improves the endurance by simply increasing the battery capacity, the electric vehicle adopting the heating and cooling system of the present invention has lower production and maintenance costs, better safety, and longer service life.

[0047] 3. For the electric vehicle heating and cooling system of the present invention, the heat pump air conditioning system is used to produce / store cold and produce / store heat for the electric vehicle, and the cold energy and heat energy in the air can be fully utilized to supply cold and heat for the electric vehicle, with low energy consumption and high working efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0048] Figure 1This is the schematic diagram of the electric vehicle heating and cooling system that can directly drive an in-vehicle heat pump with a charging pile to achieve dual cold and heat storage for the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is the schematic diagram of the cold storage operation mode of the in-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system directly driven by the charging pile while charging for the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is the schematic diagram of the heat storage operation mode of the in-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system directly driven by the charging pile while charging for the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is the schematic diagram of the direct cooling / heating operation mode of the cold / heat storage device for the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is the schematic diagram of the cooling operation mode of the battery-driven in-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system for the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 This is the schematic diagram of the heating operation mode of the battery-driven in-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system for the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 This is the schematic diagram of the operation mode of the battery-driven in-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system for cooling the battery pack for the present invention.

[0055] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 101 is a compressor, 102 is a four-way reversing valve, 103 is a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, 104 is a gas-liquid separator, 105 is a throttling device, 106 is an outdoor heat exchanger, 107 is an outdoor heat exchanger fan, 201 is a circulation pump, 202 is an in-vehicle heat exchanger, 203 is an in-vehicle heat exchanger fan, 204 is an internal heat exchanger of the battery pack, 205 is a cold / heat storage device, 206 is a heat exchanger of the cold / heat storage device, 301 is a charging pile, 302 is a charging pile interface, 303 is a battery pack charging terminal, 304 is a battery pack discharging terminal, 305 is a battery pack, 306 is a rectification / voltage regulation module. Detailed implementation manners

[0056] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the attached drawings and specific implementation manners:

[0057] Embodiment 1

[0058] As Figure 1 shown, an electric vehicle heating and cooling system that can directly drive an in-vehicle heat pump with a charging pile to achieve dual cold and heat storage includes a refrigerant circulation system, a water circulation system, and a charging / power supply system.

[0059] The refrigerant cycle system includes a compressor 101, a four-way reversing valve 102, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103, a gas-liquid separator 104, a throttling device 105, an external vehicle heat exchanger 106, and an external vehicle heat exchanger fan 107. The outlet of the compressor 101 is sequentially connected to the four-way reversing valve 102, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103, the throttling device 105, the external vehicle heat exchanger 106, the four-way reversing valve 102, the gas-liquid separator 104, and the inlet of the compressor 101.

[0060] The water cycle system includes a circulation pump 201, an internal vehicle heat exchanger 202, an internal vehicle heat exchanger fan 203, an internal battery pack heat exchanger 204, a cold / heat storage device 205, a cold / heat storage device heat exchanger 206, and switching valves F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, and F7.

[0061] The charging / power supply system includes a charging pile 301, a charging pile interface 302, a battery pack charging terminal 303, a battery pack discharging terminal 304, a battery pack 305, a rectification / voltage regulation module 306, an internal vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K1, a circulation pump switch K2, a compressor switch K3, an external vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K4, a battery pack discharging switch K5, a battery pack direct drive switch K6, and a battery pack charging switch K7.

[0062] In this embodiment, by controlling the start and stop of the compressor 101 and the external vehicle heat exchanger fan 107 in the refrigerant cycle system and the on / off switching of each interface of the four-way reversing valve 102, controlling the start and stop of the circulation pump 201 and the opening and closing of the switching valves F1 to F7 in the water cycle system, and controlling the on / off of the charging pile interface 302 and the circuit switches K1 to K7 in the charging / power supply system, the system can achieve the combined storage of electricity, heat, and cold during the charging process of an electric vehicle, and can meet the heating and cooling requirements of the passenger compartment and the cooling requirements of the battery pack during the driving process of the electric vehicle by consuming very little electric energy.

[0063] After the refrigerant cycle system, the water cycle system, and the charging / power supply system of the present invention are combined, the following operating modes are formed: a cold storage operating mode in which the charging pile charges while directly driving the on-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, a heat storage operating mode in which the charging pile charges while directly driving the on-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, a direct cooling / heating operating mode of the cold / heat storage device, a cooling operating mode of the battery-driven on-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, a heating operating mode of the battery-driven on-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system, and a battery cooling operating mode of the battery-driven on-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system.

[0064] 1. A cold storage operating mode in which the charging pile charges while directly driving the on-vehicle heat pump air conditioning system. Mode 1 is used during the summer parking charging process of an electric vehicle.

[0065] As Figure 2As shown, in Mode 1, the charging pile interface 302 is connected, the battery pack charging switch K7 is closed, and the charging pile supplies electrical energy to the battery pack 305. At the same time, the circulation pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, the outdoor heat exchanger fan switch K4, and the charging pile direct drive switch K6 are closed. The circulation pump 201, the compressor 101, and the outdoor heat exchanger fan 107 are started, and the charging pile directly supplies power to drive the circulation pump 201, the compressor 101, and the outdoor heat exchanger fan 107. In addition, the interfaces 1# and 3# of the four-way reversing valve 102 are connected, and the interfaces 2# and 4# are connected. The switching valve F2, the switching valve F4, and the seventh switching valve F7 are opened.

[0066] As Figure 2 shown, the operating principle of the refrigerant circulation system in Mode 1 is as follows: The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant inhaled by the compressor 101 is compressed by the compressor 101 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, enters the outdoor heat exchanger 106 through the four-way reversing valve 102, releases the latent heat carried therein to the outdoor air, and condenses into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. Then, it passes through the throttling device 105 to throttle and reduce the temperature and pressure, becoming a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and then enters the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103 to absorb the heat of the circulating water and evaporate into a gaseous refrigerant. Finally, it returns to the compressor 101 through the four-way reversing valve 102 and the gas-liquid separator 104.

[0067] As Figure 2 shown, the operating principle of the water circulation system in Mode 1 is as follows: Water is driven by the circulation pump 201, flows through the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103, and is cooled by the low-temperature refrigerant in the heat exchanger, resulting in a temperature drop. Then, it flows through the opened switching valve F2 and switching valve F4 and enters the cold / hot storage device heat exchanger 206, absorbs the heat of the cold / hot storage device 205, and the heat absorbed by the water is stored in the cold / hot storage device 205 in the form of cold energy. The water flowing out of the cold / hot storage device heat exchanger 206 enters the battery pack internal heat exchanger 204 through the seventh switching valve F7, cools the charging battery pack 305, then enters the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103 and is cooled by the refrigerant therein, and finally flows back into the circulation pump 201; Water circulates according to the above process, absorbs the heat of the cold / hot storage device 205 and the battery pack 305, and releases this part of the heat in the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103, ultimately realizing the functions of summer system cold storage and battery pack cooling.

[0068] 2. The charging pile charges while directly driving the vehicle-mounted heat pump air-conditioning system for heat storage operation mode. Mode 2 is used during the winter parking charging process of electric vehicles.

[0069] As Figure 3As shown, in Mode 2, the charging pile interface 302 is connected, the battery pack charging switch K7 is closed, and the charging pile supplies electrical energy to the battery pack 305. At the same time, the circulation pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, the outdoor heat exchanger fan switch K4, and the charging pile direct drive switch K6 are closed. The compressor 101, the outdoor heat exchanger fan 107, and the circulation pump 201 are started, and the compressor 101, the outdoor heat exchanger fan 107, and the circulation pump 201 are directly powered by the charging pile. In addition, the interfaces 1# and 2# of the four-way reversing valve 102 are connected, and the interfaces 3# and 4# are connected. The switching valves F2, F4, and F6 are opened.

[0070] As Figure 3 shown, the operating principle of the refrigerant circulation system in Mode 2 is as follows: The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant inhaled by the compressor 101 is compressed by the compressor 101 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which flows into the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103 through the four-way reversing valve 102. In this heat exchanger, the latent heat carried by the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is released to the circulating water and condensed into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. Then, it is throttled by the throttling device 105 to reduce the temperature and pressure, becoming a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant. Subsequently, it enters the outdoor heat exchanger 106 to absorb the heat of the air and evaporate into a gaseous refrigerant, and finally returns to the compressor 101 through the four-way reversing valve 102 and the gas-liquid separator 104.

[0071] As Figure 3 shown, the operating principle of the water circulation system in Mode 2 is as follows: Driven by the circulation pump 201, water flows through the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103 and is heated by the high-temperature refrigerant in this heat exchanger, resulting in an increase in temperature. Then, it flows through the opened switching valves F2 and F4 and enters the cold / hot storage device heat exchanger 206. The cold / hot storage device 205 absorbs the heat released by the circulating water and stores it. The water flowing out of the cold / hot storage device heat exchanger 206 flows through the switching valve F6, enters the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 4, and is heated by the refrigerant therein to increase the temperature. Finally, it flows back into the circulation pump 201. The water circulates according to the above process, absorbs heat and increases the temperature in the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103, and releases this part of the heat to the cold / hot storage device 205, ultimately realizing the function of heat storage in the winter system.

[0072] 3. Direct cooling / heating operation mode of the cold / hot storage device. Mode 3 is used for the cold or heat stored in the cold / hot storage device 205 to meet the cooling / heating requirements of the driver's cab during vehicle use, and cooling / heating is performed through the cold / hot storage device 205.

[0073] As Figure 4As shown, in Mode 3, the in-vehicle heat exchanger switch K1 and the circulation pump switch K2 are closed, the circulation pump 201 and the in-vehicle heat exchanger fan 203 are started, and the battery pack discharge switch K5 is closed. The circulation pump 201 and the in-vehicle heat exchanger fan 203 are powered by the battery pack 305; in addition, the switching valves F1, F3, F4, and F6 are opened.

[0074] As Figure 4 shown, the operating principle of directly using the cold / hot storage device to supply cooling / heating to the vehicle interior in Mode 3 is as follows: Cold water or hot water is driven by the circulation pump 201, flows through the switching valve F1 into the in-vehicle heat exchanger 202. The air is blown towards the vehicle cab by the in-vehicle heat exchanger fan 203, and the cold carried by the low-temperature cold water or the heat carried by the high-temperature hot water is released into the cab. The circulating water flowing out of the in-vehicle heat exchanger 202 releases heat to the cold / hot storage device 205 through the cold / hot storage device heat exchanger 206 and cools down, or absorbs the heat of the cold / hot storage device 205 and warms up, and then flows through the switching valve F6 and the switching valve F3 in sequence and returns to the circulation pump 201; Cold water or hot water circulates according to the above process under the drive of the circulation pump 201, releases heat and cools down or absorbs heat and warms up in the cold / hot storage device 205, and absorbs heat from the air or releases heat to the air in the in-vehicle heat exchanger 202, ultimately realizing the function of directly using the cold / hot storage device 205 to supply cooling and heating to the cab.

[0075] 4. The cooling operation mode of the battery-driven vehicle-mounted heat pump air-conditioning system. Mode 4 is used for cooling when the cold stored in the cold / hot storage device 205 cannot meet the cooling demand of the vehicle cab during driving and use.

[0076] As Figure 5 shown, in Mode 4, the in-vehicle heat exchanger switch K1, the circulation pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, and the out-of-vehicle heat exchanger K4 are closed, the compressor 101, the out-of-vehicle heat exchanger fan 107, the circulation pump 201, and the in-vehicle heat exchanger fan 203 are started, and the battery pack discharge switch K5 is closed. The compressor 101, the out-of-vehicle heat exchanger fan 107, the circulation pump 201, and the in-vehicle heat exchanger fan 203 are powered by the battery pack 305; in addition, the interfaces 1# and 3# of the four-way reversing valve 102 are connected, and the interfaces 2# and 4# are connected. The switching valves F1, F5, and F6 are opened.

[0077] As Figure 5As shown in the figure, the operating principle of the refrigerant cycle system in Mode 4 is as follows: The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant sucked in by the compressor 101 is compressed by the compressor 101 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 106 through the four-way reversing valve 102, and releases the latent heat it carries to the outdoor air, condensing into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. Then, it passes through the throttling device 105 for throttling to reduce the temperature and pressure, becoming a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and then enters the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103 to absorb the heat of the circulating water and evaporate into a gaseous refrigerant. Finally, it returns to the compressor 101 through the four-way reversing valve 102 and the gas-liquid separator 104.

[0078] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, the operating principle of the water circulation system in Mode 4 is as follows: Driven by the circulation pump 201, water flows through the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103, is cooled by the low-temperature refrigerant in the heat exchanger and its temperature drops, and then flows through the opened switch valve F1 into the vehicle interior heat exchanger 202, absorbs the heat of the air in the driver and passenger compartment to cool it down. The water after absorbing heat and rising in temperature flows out of the vehicle interior heat exchanger 202, and flows into the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103 through the switch valve F5 and the switch valve F6, and is cooled and its temperature drops by the low-temperature refrigerant therein, and finally flows back into the circulation pump 201; The water circulates according to the above process, absorbs the heat of the air in the driver and passenger compartment, and releases this part of heat in the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103, and finally realizes the function of cooling the driver and passenger compartment of the vehicle.

[0079] 5. Heating operation mode of the battery-driven vehicle-mounted heat pump air conditioning system. Mode 5 is used for heating when the heat stored in the cold / hot storage device 205 cannot meet the heating demand of the driver and passenger compartment during vehicle driving and use.

[0080] As Figure 6 shown in the figure, in Mode 5, the vehicle interior heat exchanger switch K1, the circulation pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, and the outdoor heat exchanger K4 are closed, the compressor 101, the outdoor heat exchanger fan 107, the circulation pump 201, and the vehicle interior heat exchanger fan 203 are started, the battery pack discharge switch K5 is closed, and the compressor 101, the outdoor heat exchanger fan 107, the circulation pump 201, and the vehicle interior heat exchanger fan 203 are powered by the battery pack 305. In addition, the interfaces 1# and 2# of the four-way reversing valve 102 are connected, and the interfaces 3# and 4# are connected, and the switch valve F1, the switch valve F5, and the switch valve F6 are opened.

[0081] As Figure 6As shown in the figure, the operating principle of the refrigerant cycle system in Mode 5 is as follows: The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant sucked in by the compressor 101 is compressed by the compressor 101 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which flows into the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103 through the four-way reversing valve 102. In this heat exchanger, the latent heat carried by the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is released to the circulating water, heating the circulating water while condensing into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. Then, it passes through the throttling device 105 for throttling to reduce the temperature and pressure, becoming a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and then enters the outside vehicle heat exchanger 106 to absorb the heat of the outside vehicle air and evaporate into a gaseous refrigerant. Finally, it returns to the compressor 101 through the four-way reversing valve 102 and the gas-liquid separator 104.

[0082] As Figure 6 shown in the figure, the operating principle of the water circulation system in Mode 5 is as follows: Driven by the circulation pump 201, water flows through the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103 and is heated by the high-temperature refrigerant in this heat exchanger to increase the temperature. Then, it flows through the opened switch valve F1 into the in-vehicle heat exchanger 202, releases heat to heat the air in the driver and passenger compartment, and the water after releasing heat and reducing the temperature flows out of the in-vehicle heat exchanger 202. After passing through the switch valve F5 and the switch valve F6, it enters the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103 and is heated by the high-temperature refrigerant in it to increase the temperature, and finally flows back into the circulation pump 201; The water circulates according to the above process, is heated and increased in temperature in the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103, and releases the absorbed heat to the driver and passenger compartment through the in-vehicle heat exchanger 202, finally realizing the function of heating the driver and passenger compartment of the vehicle.

[0083] 6. The cooling battery pack operation mode of the battery-driven vehicle-mounted heat pump air-conditioning system. Mode 6 is used to cool the battery pack 305 when the operating temperature of the battery pack 305 rises to have an adverse effect on its operating efficiency during the use of the electric vehicle.

[0084] As Figure 7 shown in the figure, in Mode 6, the circulation pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, and the outside vehicle heat exchanger K4 are closed, the compressor 101, the outside vehicle heat exchanger fan 107, and the circulation pump 201 are started, the battery pack discharge switch K5 is closed, and the compressor 101, the circulation pump 201, and the outside vehicle heat exchanger fan 107 are driven by the power supply of the battery pack 305; In addition, the interfaces 1# and 2# of the four-way reversing valve 102 are connected, the interfaces 3# and 4# are connected, and the switch valve F2, the switch valve F5, and the seventh switch valve F7 are opened.

[0085] As Figure 7As shown in the figure, the operating principle of the refrigerant cycle system in Mode 6 is as follows: The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant inhaled by the compressor 101 is compressed by the compressor 101 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 106 through the four-way reversing valve 102, and releases the latent heat carried by it to the outdoor air, condensing into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. Then, it passes through the throttling device 105 for throttling to reduce the temperature and pressure, becoming a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and then enters the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103 to absorb the heat of the circulating water and evaporate into a gaseous refrigerant. Finally, it returns to the compressor 101 through the four-way reversing valve 102 and the gas-liquid separator 104.

[0086] As Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the operating principle of the water circulation system in Mode 6 is as follows: Driven by the circulation pump 201, water flows through the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103, and is cooled by the low-temperature refrigerant in the heat exchanger, resulting in a temperature drop. Then, it sequentially flows through the opened switch valve F2, switch valve F5, and the seventh switch valve F7 into the internal heat exchanger 204 of the battery pack, absorbing the excess heat generated by the battery pack 305, cooling and lowering the temperature of the battery pack 305. The water that has absorbed heat and increased in temperature flows out of the internal heat exchanger 204 of the battery pack, and then enters the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103 and is cooled by the low-temperature refrigerant therein, and finally flows back into the circulation pump 201; the water circulates according to the above process, absorbing the excess heat of the battery pack 305, and releasing this part of the heat in the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103, ultimately realizing the function of cooling the battery pack 305.

[0087] Preferably, the compressor 101 includes one of a scroll compressor, a rotary compressor, or a piston compressor.

[0088] Preferably, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 103 includes one of a shell-and-tube refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a brazed plate refrigerant-water heat exchanger, or a tube-and-shell refrigerant-water heat exchanger.

[0089] Preferably, the throttling device 105 includes one of an electronic expansion valve, a thermostatic expansion valve, or a capillary tube.

[0090] Preferably, the outdoor heat exchanger 106 includes one of a parallel flow heat exchanger, a finned tube heat exchanger, or a microchannel heat exchanger.

[0091] Preferably, the outdoor heat exchanger fan 107 includes one of an axial flow heat exchanger fan or a cross flow heat exchanger fan.

[0092] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, that is, within the scope of disclosure, any equivalent or equivalent deformation or replacement of the technical solutions of the invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The electric vehicle heating and cooling system with dual storage of cold and heat can be realized by using a charging pile to directly drive the on-board heat pump, which is characterized by: Including refrigerant circulation system, water circulation system and charging / power supply system; The refrigerant circulation system comprises a compressor (101), a four-way reversing valve (102), a refrigerant-water heat exchanger (103), a gas-liquid separator (104), a throttling device (105), an off-vehicle heat exchanger (106), and an off-vehicle heat exchanger fan (107); the outlet of the compressor (101) is sequentially connected to the four-way reversing valve (102), the refrigerant-water heat exchanger (103), the throttling device (105), the off-vehicle heat exchanger (106), the four-way reversing valve (102), the gas-liquid separator (104), and the inlet of the compressor (101); The water circulation system comprises a circulation pump (201), an in-vehicle heat exchanger (202), an in-vehicle heat exchanger fan (203), a heat exchanger inside the battery pack (204), a cold / heat storage device (205), a heat exchanger for the cold / heat storage device (206), and a switch valve F1, a switch valve F2, a switch valve F3, a switch valve F4, a switch valve F5, a switch valve F6, and a switch valve F7; The charging / power supply system comprises a charging pile (301), a charging pile interface (302), a battery pack charging terminal (303), a battery pack discharging terminal (304), a battery pack (305), a rectifier / voltage regulating module (306), an in-vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K1, a circulation pump switch K2, a compressor switch K3, an out-vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K4, a battery pack discharging switch K5, a battery pack direct drive switch K6, and a battery pack charging switch K7; The refrigerant circulation system includes a refrigeration structure and a heating structure; Interfaces 1# and 3# of the four-way reversing valve (102) are connected, and interfaces 2# and 4# are connected, the compressor (101) drives the refrigerant to circulate, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger (103) serves as an evaporator, and the off-vehicle heat exchanger (106) serves as a condenser, thereby forming a refrigeration structure; Interfaces 1# and 2# of the four-way reversing valve (102) are connected, and interfaces 3# and 4# are connected, the compressor (101) drives the refrigerant to circulate, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger (103) serves as a condenser, and the off-vehicle heat exchanger (106) serves as an evaporator, thereby forming a heating structure; The water circulation system includes channel 1, channel 2, channel 3, channel 4 and channel 5; The cold / heat storage device (205) is connected to the circulation pump (201) via the switch valve F2, the switch valve F4 and the switch valve F6 via the refrigerant-water heat exchanger (103) to form a channel 1, and the channel 1 is used for storing cold or heat; The cold / heat storage device (205) is connected to the circulation pump (201) via the switch valve F2, the switch valve F4 and the switch valve F7 via the refrigerant-water heat exchanger (103) to form a channel 2, wherein the channel 2 is used to store cold and cool the battery pack at the same time; The cold / heat storage device (205) is sequentially connected to the circulation pump (201) via the switch valve F1, the switch valve F4, the switch valve F6, and the switch valve F3 to form a channel 3, wherein the channel 3 is used to use the cold or heat energy stored in the cold / heat storage device (205) to provide cooling or heating in the vehicle; The circulation pump (201) is sequentially connected to the switch valve F1 and the switch valve F5 and connected to the refrigerant-water heat exchanger (103) via the switch valve F6 to form a channel 4, wherein the channel 4 is used to use the refrigerant circulation system to provide cooling or heating for the vehicle; The circulation pump (201) is sequentially connected to the switch valve F2 and the switch valve F5 and connected to the refrigerant-water heat exchanger (103) via the switch valve F7 to form a channel 5, wherein the channel 5 is used to cool the battery pack using a refrigerant circulation system; The refrigerant circulation system, water circulation system and charging / power supply system are combined to form: The charging pile is charging while the vehicle heat pump air conditioning system is directly driven by the cold storage operation mode, the charging pile is charging while the vehicle heat pump air conditioning system is directly driven by the heat storage operation mode, the cold / heat storage device directly provides cooling / heating operation mode, the battery-driven vehicle heat pump air conditioning system provides cooling operation mode, the battery-driven vehicle heat pump air conditioning system provides heating operation mode, and the battery-driven vehicle heat pump air conditioning system provides battery pack cooling operation mode; The charging pile charging and direct driving vehicle heat pump air conditioning system cold storage operation mode includes: The charging pile interface (302) is connected, the circulating pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, the external heat exchanger fan switch K4, the charging pile direct drive switch K6 and the battery pack charging switch K7 are closed, the interfaces 1# and 3# of the four-way reversing valve (102) are connected, the interfaces 2# and 4# are connected, the switch valve F2, the switch valve F4 and the switch valve F7 are opened, and the compressor (101), the external heat exchanger fan (107) and the circulating pump (201) are powered on and work; The heat storage operation modes of the on-board heat pump air conditioning system while charging with a charging pile include: The charging pile interface (302) is connected, the circulation pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, the external heat exchanger fan switch K4, the charging pile direct drive switch K6 and the battery pack charging switch K7 are closed, the interfaces 1# and 2# of the four-way reversing valve (102) are connected, the interfaces 3# and 4# are connected, the switch valve F2, the switch valve F4 and the switch valve F6 are opened, and the compressor (101), the external heat exchanger fan (107) and the circulation pump (201) are powered on and work; The direct cooling / heating operation mode of the cold / heat storage device includes: The in-vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K1, the circulation pump switch K2 and the battery pack discharge switch K5 are closed, the switch valve F1, the switch valve F3, the switch valve F4 and the switch valve F6 are opened, and the circulation pump (201) and the in-vehicle heat exchanger fan (203) are powered on and operated; The cooling operation modes of the battery-driven vehicle heat pump air conditioning system include: The in-vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K1, the circulation pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, the out-vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K4 and the battery pack discharge switch K5 are closed, the interfaces 1# and 3# of the four-way reversing valve (102) are connected, and the interfaces 2# and 4# are connected, the switch valve F1, the switch valve F5 and the switch valve F6 are opened, and the compressor (101), the out-vehicle heat exchanger fan (107), the circulation pump (201) and the in-vehicle heat exchanger fan (203) are powered on and operated; The heating operation modes of the battery-driven vehicle heat pump air conditioning system include: The in-vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K1, the circulation pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, the out-vehicle heat exchanger fan switch K4 and the battery pack discharge switch K5 are closed, the interfaces 1# and 2# of the four-way reversing valve (102) are connected, and the interfaces 3# and 4# are connected, the switch valve F1, the switch valve F5 and the switch valve F6 are opened, and the compressor (101), the out-vehicle heat exchanger fan (107), the circulation pump (201) and the in-vehicle heat exchanger fan (203) are powered on and start working; The battery-driven vehicle heat pump air conditioning system cooling battery pack operation modes include: The circulation pump switch K2, the compressor switch K3, the external heat exchanger fan switch K4 and the battery pack discharge switch K5 are closed, the interfaces 1# and 3# of the four-way reversing valve (102) are connected, and the interfaces 2# and 4# are connected, the switch valve F2, the switch valve F5 and the switch valve F7 are opened, and the compressor (101), the external heat exchanger fan (107) and the circulation pump (201) are powered on and work.

2. According to claim 1, the electric vehicle heating and cooling system that can realize hot and cold dual storage by directly driving the vehicle-mounted heat pump with a charging pile is characterized in that: The compressor (101) comprises one of a scroll compressor, a rotor compressor or a piston compressor.

3. According to claim 1, the electric vehicle heating and cooling system that can realize hot and cold dual storage by directly driving the vehicle-mounted heat pump with a charging pile is characterized in that: The refrigerant-water heat exchanger (103) comprises one of a shell-and-tube type refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a brazed plate type refrigerant-water heat exchanger or a shell-and-tube type refrigerant-water heat exchanger.

4. According to claim 1, the electric vehicle heating and cooling system that can realize hot and cold dual storage by directly driving the vehicle-mounted heat pump with a charging pile is characterized in that: The throttling device (105) comprises one of an electronic expansion valve, a thermal expansion valve or a capillary tube.

5. According to claim 1, the electric vehicle heating and cooling system that can realize hot and cold dual storage by directly driving the vehicle-mounted heat pump with a charging pile is characterized in that: The off-board heat exchanger (106) comprises one of a parallel flow heat exchanger, a fin-tube heat exchanger or a microchannel heat exchanger.

6. According to claim 1, the electric vehicle heating and cooling system that can realize hot and cold dual storage by directly driving the vehicle-mounted heat pump with a charging pile is characterized in that: The off-board heat exchanger fan (107) comprises an axial flow heat exchanger fan or a cross-flow heat exchanger fan.

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