Automatic priming system for dialysis machine

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic pre-filling system for a dialysis machine, comprising a dialyzer, an extracorporeal circulation circuit and a dialysate circuit arranged in the dialyzer, wherein the extracorporeal circulation circuit comprises an arterial line and a venous line, and the extracorporeal circulation circuit is provided with a first pumping device, and the first pumping device allows the pre-filling liquid to pass through the arterial line, the dialyzer and the venous line; the arterial line is provided with an arterial pot, the arterial pot is provided with an arterial pressure interface and a liquid level detection device, the arterial pressure interface is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust line, and the exhaust line is provided with an arterial valve, a negative pressure air pump and an exhaust port in sequence, and / or, the venous line is provided with a venous pot, the venous pot is provided with a venous pressure interface and a liquid level detection device, the venous pressure interface is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust line, and the exhaust line is provided with a venous valve, a negative pressure air pump and an exhaust port in sequence. The present invention uses pre-filling liquid to automatically pre-fill a full set of lines and dialyzers, discharge gas, and fully moisten the dialysis membrane, which is convenient and fast, saves operation time, and ensures the dialysis effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and more specifically, to an automatic pre-filling system for a dialysis machine. Background Art

[0002] Hemodialysis is a common method for treating acute or chronic renal failure, accumulation of drugs or other toxins in the body. The principle of hemodialysis is that the solutions on both sides of the semipermeable membrane reach a dynamic equilibrium through diffusion, osmosis and ultrafiltration, that is, the solute flows from the side with high concentration to the side with low concentration, and the water molecules flow from the side with low osmotic pressure to the side with high osmotic pressure. Hemodialysis achieves its therapeutic purpose through solution diffusion and ultrafiltration between blood and dialysate. In hemodialysis, blood is discharged from the body and pressed into the dialyzer (artificial kidney) by a machine outside the body. The dialyzer filters the metabolic waste in the blood and returns the purified blood to the body. It can adjust the total amount of fluid returned, especially to remove excess fluid accumulated during renal failure.

[0003] In hemodialysis, pre-filling of the dialyzer tubing is one of the necessary operations that medical staff need to complete. The functions of pre-filling include: exhausting the gas in the dialyzer and the tubing to avoid gas embolism; soaking the dialysis membrane, which is conducive to full contact between blood and dialysate during dialysis, improving the biocompatibility of the blood membrane, achieving better removal effect, and reducing the occurrence of blood membrane reaction; it can remove particulate contamination in the dialysis tubing, and try to avoid the particles carried by the extracorporeal circulation pipeline from entering the human body with the blood circulation, causing inflammation in the patient and endangering human health.

[0004] Before dialysis, medical staff first connect the dialyzer and blood pipeline, and install it on the dialysis machine. Connect the priming liquid from the arterial end of the pipeline, and connect the venous end to the drain port of the dialysis machine. The priming liquid is introduced into the dialyzer through the rotation of the blood pump, and the gas in the dialyzer is discharged to the drain port through the venous end, thus completing the priming. The priming liquid can be normal saline or a prepared dialysate. Traditional priming methods require medical staff to repeatedly insert and remove vascular access, which requires more normal saline or dialysate, and the priming time is relatively long. There may still be bubbles in the pipeline after priming. This increases the risk of dialysis treatment and the workload of medical staff. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome at least one defect of the above-mentioned prior art and provide an automatic priming system for a dialysis machine, so as to solve the problems of complicated priming operation and poor exhaust effect of the dialysis machine.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is an automatic priming system for a dialysis machine, comprising a dialyzer, an extracorporeal circulation circuit and a dialysate circuit that penetrates the dialyzer, wherein the extracorporeal circulation circuit comprises an arterial line and a venous line, and the extracorporeal circulation circuit is provided with a first pumping device, the first pumping device allows the priming liquid to enter the extracorporeal circulation circuit, and flow out of the extracorporeal circulation circuit after passing through the arterial line, the dialyzer and the venous line; the dialysate circuit comprises a liquid supply line and a liquid return line, and the dialysate circuit is provided with a second pumping device, the second pumping device allows the priming liquid to enter the dialysate circuit, and flow out of the dialysate circuit after passing through the liquid supply line, the dialyzer and the liquid return line;

[0007] The arterial pipeline is provided with an arterial pot, the arterial pot is provided with an arterial pressure interface and a liquid level detection device, the arterial pressure interface is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust pipeline, the exhaust pipeline is sequentially provided with an arterial valve, a negative pressure air pump and an exhaust port, and / or the venous pipeline is provided with a venous pot, the venous pot is provided with a venous pressure interface and a liquid level detection device, the venous pressure interface is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust pipeline, the exhaust pipeline is sequentially provided with a venous valve, a negative pressure air pump and an exhaust port.

[0008] During dialysis treatment, the arterial line is connected to the patient's artery, and the venous line is connected to the patient's vein. The first pumping device allows blood to enter the extracorporeal circulation circuit, and then flow out of the extracorporeal circulation circuit after passing through the arterial line, the dialyzer and the venous line; the dialysate circuit includes a liquid supply line and a liquid return line, and the dialysate circuit is provided with a second pumping device. The second pumping device allows dialysate to enter the dialysate circuit, and then flow out of the dialysate circuit after passing through the liquid supply line, the dialyzer and the liquid return line; the blood and the dialysate exchange solutes in the dialyzer to achieve a therapeutic effect.

[0009] The liquid level detection device can detect whether there is gas. If gas is detected, the negative pressure air pump forms negative pressure to discharge the gas from the arterial pressure interface (venous pressure interface) to the exhaust port, thereby achieving sufficient exhaust without affecting the liquid circuit. The arterial valve (venous valve) controls the connection between the arterial pressure interface (venous pressure interface) and the exhaust pipeline, and also enables the arterial pressure interface (venous pressure interface) to be isolated from the outside world.

[0010] This technical solution rationally utilizes the first pumping device and the second pumping device originally used for dialysis treatment, and does not require a complex structure. It quickly, conveniently and simply realizes the pre-filling of the extracorporeal circulation circuit, the dialysate circuit and the dialyzer, exhausts the gas, makes the fibers in the dialysis membrane fully moist, avoids the bubbles from adhering to the dialysis membrane or the inner wall of the pipeline, and ensures the dialysis treatment effect; the structure used for exhaust is simple, convenient and safe, which improves the exhaust speed and achieves a better exhaust effect; at the same time, it saves the time required for pre-filling and improves efficiency.

[0011] Furthermore, the arterial line includes a first port and a second port, the first port is connected to the pre-filled liquid end, and the second port is connected to the dialyzer; the venous line includes a third port and a fourth port, the third port is connected to the dialyzer, and the fourth port is connected to the waste liquid end.

[0012] The priming liquid passes through the first port, the second port, the dialyzer, the third port and the fourth port in sequence to complete the priming of the extracorporeal circulation circuit and achieve the purpose of exhausting air.

[0013] Furthermore, the pre-filled liquid end is a replacement fluid interface, the replacement fluid interface is connected to a replacement pipeline, the first pumping device is a replacement pump arranged in the replacement pipeline, and the replacement pipeline is provided with a first interface for connecting to a second port, and a second interface for connecting to an arterial pot and / or a venous pot.

[0014] During dialysis treatment, the replacement line is connected to the arterial pot (venous pot) through the second interface to provide replacement fluid and dilute the blood. This technical solution utilizes the replacement fluid interface, replacement line and replacement pump originally used for dialysis treatment to provide pre-filling fluid, simplifies the pre-filling operation, and is convenient for medical staff to use.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the liquid supply pipeline is the liquid supply end, and the other end is connected to the liquid supply port of the dialyzer; one end of the liquid return pipeline is the liquid discharge end, and the other end is connected to the liquid return port of the dialyzer; the dialysate circuit also includes a balancing chamber, and the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline both pass through the balancing chamber, and the balancing chamber balances the flow of the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline; the liquid return pipeline also includes an ultrafiltration branch, and the second pumping device is an ultrafiltration pump arranged in the ultrafiltration branch, and the ultrafiltration branch is connected across the liquid return pipelines on both sides of the balancing chamber; the liquid return pipeline is also provided with a back-filtration pump, and the back-filtration pump is arranged in the liquid return pipeline between the balancing chamber and the liquid return port of the dialyzer.

[0016] The balancing chamber has the function of maintaining the equal amount of liquid in and out, and is used to balance the flow of the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline. The ultrafiltration pump is used to filter out excess liquid so that it does not pass through the balancing chamber but is discharged from the discharge end through the ultrafiltration branch. The balancing chamber and the ultrafiltration pump together constitute an ultrafiltration system, which can adjust the total amount of liquid returned to the patient's body. In addition, the ultrafiltration pump forms a pressure difference between the extracorporeal circulation circuit and the dialysate circuit. Under the action of the pressure difference, the pre-filled liquid in the extracorporeal circulation circuit flows from the inside of the membrane to the outside of the membrane in the dialyzer and returns to the liquid return pipeline. The post-dialysis pump provides power to the pre-filled liquid and pumps the pre-filled liquid into the balancing chamber.

[0017] Furthermore, the automatic pre-filling system of the dialysis machine also includes a dialysate filter, which is arranged in the liquid supply pipeline between the balancing chamber and the liquid supply port of the dialyzer, the dialysate filter is connected to the replacement fluid interface and provides pre-filling fluid to the replacement fluid interface, and the waste liquid end is connected to the return liquid pipeline between the balancing chamber and the return liquid port of the dialyzer through the waste liquid pipeline.

[0018] The priming liquid is the liquid formed after passing through the dialysate filter. The required priming liquid can be obtained by directly filtering the dialysate in the balancing chamber, which is simple, convenient and easy to obtain. The waste liquid end is connected to the return liquid pipeline between the balancing chamber and the return liquid port of the dialyzer through the waste liquid pipeline, so that the supply and discharge of the priming liquid both pass through the balancing chamber, which is convenient for controlling the flow rate.

[0019] Furthermore, the liquid return pipeline also includes an overflow branch, the overflow branch is provided with an overflow valve, and the overflow branch is arranged between the balancing chamber and the liquid return port of the dialyzer and bridges the liquid return pipeline on both sides of the dialyzer pump.

[0020] The overflow branch and the overflow valve are used for diversion and pressure relief. When the balance chamber fails and becomes blocked, and the local pressure of the return liquid pipeline between the balance chamber and the transparent pump is too high, the overflow valve of the overflow branch automatically opens, and the liquid flows back from the rear of the transparent pump to the front of the pump through the overflow branch, alleviating the problem of excessive local pressure in the return liquid pipeline between the balance chamber and the transparent pump.

[0021] Furthermore, the automatic priming system of the dialysis machine also includes a post-dialysis degassing chamber, which is arranged in the return liquid pipeline between the post-dialysis pump and the return liquid port of the dialyzer and is used to remove gas from the return liquid pipeline. The post-dialysis degassing chamber is provided with a degassing branch with a solenoid valve, and the degassing branch is connected to the discharge end; the dialysate filter is provided with a gas guiding branch, and the gas guiding branch is connected to the return liquid pipeline between the post-dialysis degassing chamber and the return liquid port of the dialyzer.

[0022] Gas in the balancing chamber will cause an imbalance in the amount of liquid flowing in and out of the balancing chamber, affecting the next step of dialysis treatment. The post-dialysis degassing chamber can be degassed before the pre-filled liquid in the return liquid pipeline enters the balancing chamber, and the gas is discharged along the degassing branch to the discharge end.

[0023] Furthermore, the degassing branch is connected to the liquid return pipeline between the balancing chamber and the liquid discharge end, and the liquid return pipeline is provided with a liquid blocking valve, and the liquid blocking valve is arranged between the balancing chamber and the connection between the degassing branch and the liquid return pipeline; the liquid return pipeline is also provided with a liquid replenishment branch, one end of the liquid replenishment branch is connected to the liquid return pipeline between the liquid blocking valve and the balancing chamber, and the other end is connected to the liquid return pipeline connected to the rear degassing chamber, and the liquid replenishment branch is provided with a liquid replenishment valve.

[0024] The liquid blocking valve prevents the pre-filled liquid flowing out of the balancing chamber from continuing to flow along the liquid return pipeline to the liquid discharge end, so that the pre-filled liquid enters the liquid replenishment branch and flows back to the post-dialysis degassing chamber, so that the gas in the degassing branch is smoothly discharged from the liquid discharge end along the liquid return pipeline. The liquid replenishment branch is used to replenish the pre-filled liquid, compensate for the flow of the liquid return pipeline, balance the post-dialysis pressure, avoid too low post-dialysis pressure, prevent the return pipeline from drying up, and keep the pre-filled liquid flowing to make it stable.

[0025] The liquid blocking valve and the liquid replenishing valve are kept one open and one closed, that is: when the float of the transparent rear degassing chamber does not detect gas, the return liquid pipeline discharges the pre-filled liquid normally, the liquid blocking valve is opened, and the liquid replenishing valve is closed, and the pre-filled liquid flowing out of the balancing chamber flows along the return liquid pipeline to the liquid discharge end; when the float of the transparent rear degassing chamber detects gas, the return liquid pipeline is exhausted, the liquid blocking valve is closed, and the liquid replenishing valve is opened, and the pre-filled liquid flowing out of the balancing chamber enters the liquid replenishing branch and flows back to the transparent rear degassing chamber.

[0026] Furthermore, the dialysate circuit also includes a bypass, which bridges the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline on both sides of the dialyzer, and the bypass is provided with a bypass valve; the liquid supply valve is arranged between the connection between the liquid supply pipeline and the bypass and the liquid supply port of the dialyzer; the liquid return pipeline is provided with a liquid return valve, and the liquid return valve is arranged between the connection between the liquid return pipeline and the bypass and the liquid return port of the dialyzer.

[0027] During dialysis treatment, when dialysis is suspended or a dialyzer fails, the dialysate flows from the liquid supply line to the liquid return line via a bypass without passing through the dialyzer. Specifically, the liquid supply valve and the liquid return valve are closed, and the bypass valve is opened, so that the dialysate circuit is not connected to the dialyzer, thereby suspending dialysis. After eliminating the problem affecting dialysis, the liquid supply valve and the liquid return valve are opened, and the bypass valve is closed to quickly and conveniently resume dialysis, which can flexibly respond to emergencies in dialysis treatment and has strong practicality.

[0028] Furthermore, an air valve is provided between the negative pressure air pump and the exhaust port, and the exhaust port is provided with a hydrophobic filter.

[0029] The air valve cooperates with the negative pressure air pump to control the exhaust state of the exhaust pipeline to improve safety, and the hydrophobic filter can discharge gas and minimize liquid discharge.

[0030] Furthermore, the automatic priming system of the dialysis machine also includes a controller and an operation panel, wherein the controller is provided with an automatic priming mode for controlling the inflow and outflow of the priming liquid in a timely and quantitative manner, and the operation panel is used to input signals to the controller.

[0031] Medical staff can input signals to the controller through the operation panel to control the operation of the automatic pre-filling system of the dialysis machine, including but not limited to the start, pause and end of pre-filling. Its high degree of automation saves medical staff operation time, and the timing and quantitative control are accurate and error-free, reducing the errors that may be caused by human operation, greatly improving convenience and safety.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] The present invention rationally utilizes the first pumping device and the second pumping device originally used for dialysis treatment, does not require a complex structure, and quickly, conveniently and simply realizes the pre-charging of the extracorporeal circulation circuit, the dialysate circuit and the dialyzer, discharges gas, fully moistens the fibers in the dialysis membrane, avoids bubbles adhering to the dialysis membrane or the inner wall of the pipeline, and ensures the dialysis treatment effect; a post-dialysis degassing chamber is also provided in the dialysis fluid circuit to further discharge pipeline gas, avoid gas causing an imbalance in the amount of liquid in and out of the balance chamber, and affect the next step of dialysis treatment; the structure for exhaust is simple, convenient and safe, the exhaust speed is improved, and a better exhaust effect is achieved; the high degree of automation enables medical staff to save operation time and improve operation efficiency, and the timing and quantitative control are accurate and error-prone, reducing the errors that may be caused by human operation, and greatly improving convenience and safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dialyzer and the extracorporeal circulation circuit in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dialyzer and the dialysate circuit in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exhaust pipeline in the present invention.

[0037] Description of the accompanying drawings:

[0038] Dialyzer 1000, liquid supply port 1100, liquid return port 1200;

[0039] Extracorporeal circulation circuit 2000, arterial line 2100, first port 2110, second port 2120, arterial pot 2130, arterial pressure interface 2131, arterial pot liquid level detection device 2132, blood pump 2140, heparin pump 2150, venous line 2200, third port 2210, fourth port 2220, venous pot 2230, venous pressure interface 2231, venous pot liquid level detection device 2232, venous blocking clamp 2240, replacement line 2300, first interface 2310, second interface 2320, replacement pump 2330, replacement tube clamp 2340, exhaust line 2400, arterial valve 2410, venous valve 2420, negative pressure air pump 2430, air valve 2440, hydrophobic filter 2450, exhaust port 2460, replacement fluid interface 2500, waste liquid end 2600, waste liquid line 2610;

[0040] Dialysate circuit 3000, liquid supply pipeline 3100, liquid supply valve 3110, liquid supply end 3120, dialysate filter 3130, gas guide branch 3131, liquid return pipeline 3200, liquid return valve 3210, liquid discharge end 3220, liquid discharge valve 3230, liquid blocking valve 3240, post-dialysis pressure detection device 3250, post-dialysis degassing chamber 3260, post-dialysis pump 3270, degassing branch 3300, degassing valve 3310, overflow branch 3400, overflow valve 3410, ultrafiltration branch 3500, ultrafiltration pump 3510, fluid infusion branch 3600, fluid infusion valve 3610, bypass 3700, bypass valve 3710, and balance chamber 3800. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The drawings of the present invention are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the following embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; it is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1-3As shown, this embodiment is an automatic priming system for a dialysis machine, comprising a dialyzer 1000, an extracorporeal circulation circuit 2000 and a dialysate circuit 3000 which are arranged through the dialyzer 1000, the extracorporeal circulation circuit 2000 comprising an arterial line 2100 and a venous line 2200, the extracorporeal circulation circuit 2000 being provided with a first pumping device, the first pumping device allowing the priming liquid to enter the extracorporeal circulation circuit, and then flow out of the extracorporeal circulation circuit through the arterial line 2100, the dialyzer 1000 and the venous line 2200; the dialysate circuit 3000 comprising a liquid supply line 3100 and a liquid return line 3200, the dialysate circuit 3000 being provided with a second pumping device, the second pumping device allowing the priming liquid to enter the dialysate circuit 3000, and then flow out of the dialysate circuit 3000 through the liquid supply line 3100, the dialyzer 1000 and the liquid return line 3200;

[0044] The arterial line 2100 is provided with an arterial pot 2130, the arterial pot 2130 is provided with an arterial pressure interface 2131 and an arterial pot liquid level detection device 2132, the arterial pressure interface 2131 is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust line 2400, and the exhaust line 2400 is sequentially provided with an arterial valve 2410, a negative pressure air pump 2430 and an exhaust port 2460, and / or, the venous line 2200 is provided with a venous pot 2230, the venous pot 2230 is provided with a venous pressure interface 2231 and a venous pot liquid level detection device 2232, the venous pressure interface 2231 is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust line 2400, and the exhaust line 2400 is sequentially provided with a venous valve 2420, a negative pressure air pump 2430 and an exhaust port 2460.

[0045] During dialysis treatment, the arterial line 2100 is connected to the patient's artery, and the venous line 2200 is connected to the patient's vein. The first pumping device allows blood to enter the extracorporeal circulation circuit, and then flow out of the extracorporeal circulation circuit through the arterial line 2100, the dialyzer 1000 and the venous line 2200; the dialysate circuit 3000 includes a liquid supply line 3100 and a liquid return line 3200, and the dialysate circuit 3000 is provided with a second pumping device. The second pumping device allows the dialysate to enter the dialysate circuit 3000, and then flow out of the dialysate circuit 3000 through the liquid supply line 3100, the dialyzer 1000 and the liquid return line 3200; the blood and the dialysate exchange solutes in the dialyzer 1000 to achieve a therapeutic effect.

[0046] The arterial pot liquid level detection device 2132 and the venous pot liquid level detection device 2232 can detect whether there is gas. If gas is detected, the negative pressure air pump 2430 forms a negative pressure to discharge the gas from the arterial pressure interface 2131 and the venous pressure interface 2231 to the exhaust port 2460, so as to achieve sufficient exhaust without affecting the liquid circuit. The arterial valve 2410 (venous valve 2420) controls the connection between the arterial pressure interface 2131 (venous pressure interface 2231) and the exhaust pipeline 2400, and also enables the arterial pressure interface 2131 (venous pressure interface 2231) to be isolated from the outside world.

[0047] The automatic pre-filling system of the dialysis machine rationally utilizes the first pumping device and the second pumping device originally used for dialysis treatment. It does not require a complex structure and can quickly, conveniently and simply realize the pre-filling of the extracorporeal circulation circuit 2000, the dialysate circuit 3000 and the dialyzer 1000, exhaust the gas, make the fibers in the dialysis membrane fully moist, avoid the bubbles from adhering to the dialysis membrane or the inner wall of the pipeline, and ensure the dialysis treatment effect; the structure for exhausting the gas is simple, convenient and safe, which improves the exhaust speed and achieves a better exhaust effect; at the same time, it saves the time required for pre-filling and improves efficiency.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the arterial line 2100 includes a first port 2110 and a second port 2120, the first port 2110 is connected to the priming liquid end, and the second port 2120 is connected to the dialyzer 1000; the venous line 2200 includes a third port 2210 and a fourth port 2220, the third port 2210 is connected to the dialyzer 1000, and the fourth port 2220 is connected to the waste liquid end 2600. The priming liquid passes through the first port 2110, the second port 2120, the dialyzer 1000, the third port 2210 and the fourth port 2220 in sequence, completing the priming of the extracorporeal circulation circuit 2000 and achieving the purpose of exhausting air.

[0049] The arterial line 2100 is provided with a blood pump 2140 for providing power for the liquid, and the pumping direction of the blood pump 2140 is the same as that of the first pumping device; the arterial line 2100 is also provided with a heparin pump 2150 for adding heparin during dialysis treatment. The arterial line 2100 is provided with an arterial blocking clamp, and the venous line 2200 is provided with a venous blocking clamp 2240.

[0050] The priming liquid end is a replacement liquid interface 2500, the replacement liquid interface 2500 is connected to a replacement line 2300, the first pumping device is a replacement pump 2330 arranged in the replacement line 2300, the replacement line 2300 is provided with a first interface 2310 for connecting to the second port 2120, and a second interface 2320 for connecting to an arterial pot 2130 and / or a venous pot 2230, and the connection is adjusted by a replacement tube clamp 2340 of the replacement line 2300. During dialysis treatment, the replacement line 2300 is connected to the arterial pot 2130 and the venous pot 2230 through the second interface 2320 to provide replacement liquid and dilute the blood. The automatic priming system of the dialysis machine utilizes the replacement liquid interface 2500, the replacement line 2300 and the replacement pump 2330 originally used for dialysis treatment to provide priming liquid, simplifies the priming operation, and is convenient for medical staff to use.

[0051] like Figure 2As shown, one end of the liquid supply line 3100 is a liquid supply end 3120, and the other end is connected to the liquid supply port 1100 of the dialyzer 1000; one end of the liquid return line 3200 is a liquid discharge end 3220, a liquid discharge valve 3230 is provided in front of the liquid discharge end 3220, and the other end is connected to the liquid return port 1200 of the dialyzer 1000; the dialysate circuit 3000 also includes a balancing chamber 3800, and the liquid supply line 3100 and the liquid return line 3200 both pass through the balancing chamber 3800, and the balancing chamber 3800 balances the liquid supply line 3100 and the liquid return line 3120. 200 flow rate; the liquid return pipeline 3200 also includes an ultrafiltration branch 3500, the second pumping device is an ultrafiltration pump 3510 arranged in the ultrafiltration branch 3500, and the ultrafiltration branch 3500 is connected to the liquid return pipeline 3200 on both sides of the balancing chamber 3800; the liquid return pipeline 3200 is also provided with a post-dialysis pump 3270, and the post-dialysis pump 3270 is arranged in the liquid return pipeline 3200 between the balancing chamber 3800 and the liquid return port 1200 of the dialyzer 1000; the liquid return pipeline 3200 is also provided with a post-dialysis pressure detection device 3250.

[0052] The balancing chamber 3800 has the function of keeping the inflow and outflow equal, and is used to balance the flow of the liquid supply pipeline 3100 and the liquid return pipeline 3200. The ultrafiltration pump 3510 is used to filter out excess liquid so that it does not pass through the balancing chamber 3800 but is discharged from the liquid discharge end 3220 through the ultrafiltration branch 3500. The balancing chamber 3800 and the ultrafiltration pump 3510 together form an ultrafiltration system, which can adjust the total amount of liquid returned to the patient's body. In addition, the ultrafiltration pump 3510 forms a pressure difference between the extracorporeal circulation circuit 2000 and the dialysate circuit 3000. Under the action of the pressure difference, the priming liquid in the extracorporeal circulation circuit 2000 flows from the membrane to the outside of the membrane in the dialyzer 1000 and returns to the liquid return pipeline 3200. The post-dialysis pump 3270 provides power to the priming liquid and pumps the priming liquid into the balancing chamber 3800.

[0053] The automatic pre-filling system of the dialysis machine also includes a dialysate filter 3130, which is arranged in the liquid supply pipeline 3100 between the balancing chamber 3800 and the liquid supply port 1100 of the dialyzer 1000. The dialysate filter 3130 is connected to the replacement fluid interface 2500 and provides pre-filling fluid to the replacement fluid interface 2500. The waste liquid end 2600 is connected to the return liquid pipeline 3200 between the balancing chamber 3800 and the return liquid port 1200 of the dialyzer 1000 through the waste liquid pipeline 2610.

[0054] The priming liquid is the liquid formed after passing through the dialysate filter 3130. The required priming liquid can be obtained by directly filtering the dialysate in the balancing chamber 3800, which is simple, convenient and easy to obtain. The waste liquid end 2600 is connected to the return liquid pipeline 3200 between the balancing chamber 3800 and the return liquid port 1200 of the dialyzer 1000 through the waste liquid pipeline 2610, so that the supply and discharge of the priming liquid both pass through the balancing chamber 3800, which is convenient for controlling the flow rate.

[0055] The liquid return pipeline 3200 also includes an overflow branch 3400 , which is provided with an overflow valve 3410 . The overflow branch 3400 is arranged between the balancing chamber 3800 and the liquid return port 1200 of the dialyzer 1000 , and is connected across the liquid return pipeline 3200 on both sides of the dialyzer pump 3270 .

[0056] The overflow branch 3400 and the overflow valve 3410 are used for diversion and pressure relief. When the balance chamber 3800 fails and becomes blocked, and the local pressure of the return liquid pipeline 3200 between the balance chamber 3800 and the transparent pump 3270 is too high, the overflow valve 3410 of the overflow branch 3400 automatically opens, and the liquid flows back from the back of the transparent pump 3270 to the front of the pump through the overflow branch 3400, thereby alleviating the problem of excessive local pressure in the return liquid pipeline 3200 between the balance chamber 3800 and the transparent pump 3270.

[0057] The dialysate circuit 3000 also includes a rear-dialysis degassing chamber 3260, which is disposed in the liquid return pipeline 3200 between the rear-dialysis pump 3270 and the liquid return port 1200 of the dialyzer 1000 and is used to remove gas from the liquid return pipeline 3200. The rear-dialysis degassing chamber 3260 is provided with a degassing branch 3300 with a degassing valve 3310, and the degassing branch 3300 is connected to the liquid discharge end 3220; the dialysate filter 3130 is provided with a gas guide branch 3131, and the gas guide branch 3131 is connected to the liquid return pipeline 3200 between the rear-dialysis degassing chamber 3260 and the liquid return port 1200 of the dialyzer 1000. The presence of gas in the balancing chamber 3800 will cause an imbalance in the amount of liquid flowing in and out of the balancing chamber 3800, affecting the next step of dialysis treatment. The post-dialysis degassing chamber 3260 can be degassed before the pre-filled liquid in the return liquid pipeline 3200 enters the balancing chamber 3800, and the gas is discharged along the degassing branch 3300 to the discharge end 3220.

[0058] The degassing branch 3300 is connected to the liquid return pipeline 3200 between the balancing chamber 3800 and the liquid discharge end 3220, and the liquid return pipeline 3200 is provided with a liquid blocking valve 3240, and the liquid blocking valve 3240 is arranged between the balancing chamber 3800 and the connection between the degassing branch 3300 and the liquid return pipeline 3200; the liquid return pipeline 3200 is also provided with a liquid replenishment branch 3600, one end of the liquid replenishment branch 3600 is connected to the liquid return pipeline 3200 between the liquid blocking valve 3240 and the balancing chamber 3800, and the other end is connected to the liquid return pipeline 3200 connected to the rear degassing chamber 3260, and the liquid replenishment branch 3600 is provided with a liquid replenishment valve 3610.

[0059] The liquid blocking valve 3240 prevents the pre-filled liquid flowing out of the balancing chamber 3800 from continuing to flow along the liquid return line 3200 to the liquid discharge end 3220, so that the pre-filled liquid enters the liquid replenishment branch 3600 and flows back to the post-transmission degassing chamber 3260, so that the gas in the degassing branch 3300 is smoothly discharged from the liquid discharge end 3220 along the liquid return line 3200. The liquid replenishment branch 3600 is used to replenish the pre-filled liquid, compensate for the flow of the liquid return line 3200, balance the post-transmission pressure, avoid too low post-transmission pressure, prevent the liquid return line 3200 from drying up, and keep the pre-filled liquid flowing to make it stable.

[0060] The liquid blocking valve 3240 and the liquid replenishing valve 3610 are kept one open and one closed, that is: when the float of the transparent degassing chamber 3260 does not detect gas, the return liquid pipeline 3200 discharges the pre-filled liquid normally, the liquid blocking valve 3240 is opened, and the liquid replenishing valve 3610 is closed, and the pre-filled liquid flowing out of the balancing chamber 3800 flows along the return liquid pipeline 3200 to the liquid discharge end 3220; when the float of the transparent degassing chamber 3260 detects gas, the return liquid pipeline 3200 is vented, the liquid blocking valve 3240 is closed, and the liquid replenishing valve 3610 is opened, and the pre-filled liquid flowing out of the balancing chamber 3800 enters the liquid replenishing branch 3600 and flows back to the transparent degassing chamber 3260.

[0061] The dialysate circuit 3000 also includes a bypass 3700, which bridges the liquid supply line 3100 and the liquid return line 3200 on both sides of the dialyzer 1000, and the bypass 3700 is provided with a bypass valve 3710; the liquid supply valve 3110 is arranged between the connection between the liquid supply line 3100 and the bypass 3700 and the liquid supply port 1100 of the dialyzer 1000; the liquid return line 3200 is provided with a liquid return valve 3210, and the liquid return valve 3210 is arranged between the connection between the liquid return line 3200 and the bypass 3700 and the liquid return port 1200 of the dialyzer 1000.

[0062] During dialysis treatment, when dialysis is suspended or the dialyzer 1000 fails, the dialysate flows from the liquid supply line 3100 through the bypass 3700 to the liquid return line 3200 without passing through the dialyzer 1000. Specifically, the liquid supply valve 3110 and the liquid return valve 3210 are closed, and the bypass valve 3710 is opened, so that the dialysate circuit 3000 is not connected to the dialyzer 1000, thereby suspending dialysis. After eliminating the problem affecting dialysis, the liquid supply valve 3110 and the liquid return valve 3210 are opened, and the bypass valve 3710 is closed to quickly and conveniently restore the dialysis, which can flexibly respond to emergencies in dialysis treatment and has strong practicality.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, an air valve 2440 is provided between the negative pressure air pump 2430 and the exhaust port 2460, and a hydrophobic filter 2450 is provided at the exhaust port 2460. The air valve 2440 cooperates with the negative pressure air pump 2430 to control the exhaust state of the exhaust pipeline 2400 to improve safety, and the hydrophobic filter 2450 can discharge gas and minimize liquid discharge.

[0064] The automatic pre-filling system of the dialysis machine also includes a controller (not shown) and an operation panel (not shown). The controller is provided with an automatic pre-filling mode for timing and quantitative control of the inflow and outflow of the pre-filling liquid, and the operation panel is used to input signals to the controller. Medical staff can input signals to the controller through the operation panel to control the operation of the automatic pre-filling system of the dialysis machine, including but not limited to the start, pause and end of pre-filling. It has a high degree of automation, which saves medical staff operating time, and has timing and quantitative control, precise control and is not prone to errors, which reduces the errors that may be caused by human operation and greatly improves convenience and safety.

[0065] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation methods of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic pre-filling system for a dialysis machine, comprising a dialyzer, an extracorporeal circulation circuit and a dialysate circuit arranged in the dialyzer, characterized in that: The extracorporeal circulation loop comprises an arterial line and a venous line, and the extracorporeal circulation loop is provided with a first pumping device, and the first pumping device allows the priming liquid to enter the extracorporeal circulation loop, and the priming liquid flows out of the extracorporeal circulation loop after passing through the arterial line, the dialyzer and the venous line; the dialysate loop comprises a liquid supply line and a liquid return line, and the dialysate loop is provided with a second pumping device, and the second pumping device allows the priming liquid to enter the dialysate loop, and the priming liquid flows out of the dialysate loop after passing through the liquid supply line, the dialyzer and the liquid return line; The arterial pipeline is provided with an arterial pot, the arterial pot is provided with an arterial pressure interface and a liquid level detection device, the arterial pressure interface is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust pipeline, and the exhaust pipeline is provided with an arterial valve, a negative pressure air pump and an exhaust port in sequence, and / or, The venous line is provided with a venous pot, the venous pot is provided with a venous pressure interface and a liquid level detection device, the venous pressure interface is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust line, and the exhaust line is provided with a venous valve, a negative pressure air pump and an exhaust port in sequence; The arterial line includes a first port and a second port, the first port is connected to the pre-filling end, and the second port is connected to the dialyzer; the venous line includes a third port and a fourth port, the third port is connected to the dialyzer, and the fourth port is connected to the waste liquid end; The pre-filled end is a replacement fluid interface, the replacement fluid interface is connected to a replacement pipeline, the first pumping device is a replacement pump arranged in the replacement pipeline, the replacement pipeline is provided with a first interface for connecting to a second port, and a second interface for connecting to an arterial pot and / or a venous pot; It also includes a dialysate filter, which is arranged in a liquid supply pipeline between the balancing chamber and the liquid supply port of the dialyzer, the dialysate filter is connected to the replacement liquid interface and provides a pre-filled liquid to the replacement liquid interface, and the waste liquid end is connected to the liquid return pipeline between the balancing chamber and the liquid return port of the dialyzer through the waste liquid pipeline; The liquid return pipeline is also provided with a transparent pump; The liquid return pipeline also includes an overflow branch, the overflow branch is provided with an overflow valve, and the overflow branch is arranged between the balance chamber and the liquid return port of the dialyzer and is bridged to the liquid return pipeline on both sides of the dialyzer pump.

2. The automatic priming system for a dialysis machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the liquid supply pipeline is the liquid supply end, and the other end is connected to the liquid supply port of the dialyzer; one end of the liquid return pipeline is the liquid discharge end, and the other end is connected to the liquid return port of the dialyzer; the dialysate circuit also includes a balancing chamber, and the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline both pass through the balancing chamber, and the balancing chamber balances the flow of the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline; the liquid return pipeline also includes an ultrafiltration branch, and the second pumping device is an ultrafiltration pump arranged in the ultrafiltration branch, and the ultrafiltration branch is connected across the liquid return pipelines on both sides of the balancing chamber; the ultrafiltration pump is arranged in the liquid return pipeline between the balancing chamber and the liquid return port of the dialyzer.

3. The automatic priming system for a dialysis machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a post-dialysis degassing chamber, which is arranged in the liquid return pipeline between the post-dialysis pump and the liquid return port of the dialyzer and is used to remove gas from the liquid return pipeline. The post-dialysis degassing chamber is provided with a degassing branch with a solenoid valve, and the degassing branch is connected to the liquid discharge end; the dialysate filter is provided with a gas guide branch, and the gas guide branch is connected to the liquid return pipeline between the post-dialysis degassing chamber and the liquid return port of the dialyzer.

4. An automatic priming system for a dialysis machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The dialysate circuit also includes a bypass, which bridges the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline on both sides of the dialyzer, and the bypass is provided with a bypass valve; the liquid supply valve is arranged between the connection between the liquid supply pipeline and the bypass and the liquid supply port of the dialyzer; the liquid return pipeline is provided with a liquid return valve, and the liquid return valve is arranged between the connection between the liquid return pipeline and the bypass and the liquid return port of the dialyzer.

5. The automatic priming system for a dialysis machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: An air valve is arranged between the negative pressure air pump and the exhaust port, and the exhaust port is provided with a hydrophobic filter.

6. An automatic priming system for a dialysis machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a controller and an operation panel. The controller is provided with an automatic pre-filling mode for timing and quantitatively controlling the inflow and outflow of the pre-filling liquid. The operation panel is used to input signals to the controller.

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