Flexible photovoltaic racking erection unit, photovoltaic system and construction method of photovoltaic system

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and discloses a flexible photovoltaic support erection unit, a photovoltaic system and a construction method of the photovoltaic system, the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit comprising a plurality of supports, a bearing cable and a stay cable. The plurality of supports are arranged at intervals along a first laying direction; the plurality of supports comprise end supports at two ends and a middle support between the two end supports; the top of the end support is provided with an end anchorage node, and the top of the middle support is provided with a middle anchorage node; the two ends of the bearing cable are connected with the end supports through the end anchorage nodes, and the middle is connected with the middle support through the middle anchorage node; the two end supports are anchored to the ground through the stay cable; the middle support comprises an A-shaped support and a column, the A-shaped support is arranged at a convex part of the terrain and / or a concave part of the terrain, and the column is arranged at a flat part of the terrain. The flexible photovoltaic support erection unit provided by the present application has a simple structure, clear force transmission, a simple construction process and can reduce the engineering cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, in particular to a flexible photovoltaic support erection unit, a photovoltaic system and a construction method of the photovoltaic system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the proposal of the national "double carbon" goal, photovoltaic power generation technology is vigorously promoted in China, and ground photovoltaic power generation accounts for a large proportion. A photovoltaic system mainly consists of components, supports, inverters, cables and control equipment, and the support is an important part of the photovoltaic system. The support supports the photovoltaic panel to form the best inclination angle, and the support plays a decisive role in many photovoltaic projects, such as mountainous and fishpond areas with poor terrain. Photovoltaic support is the key to the project.

[0003] At present, fixed supports are widely used in photovoltaic projects with poor terrain such as mountains, and a beam-column frame system is adopted. The column spacing of this system is small, generally less than 5 meters, and the adaptability to photovoltaic power generation in complex terrain such as mountains is poor, which brings great difficulties to the construction site leveling and support installation. Therefore, flexible photovoltaic support is more suitable for poor terrain.

[0004] The flexible photovoltaic support is supported by high-strength cables, which can increase the column spacing, reduce the foundation and increase the power generation capacity. However, the current flexible photovoltaic support has the problems of high construction requirement, complicated construction process and high engineering cost. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a flexible photovoltaic support erection unit, a photovoltaic system and a construction method of the photovoltaic system to solve the problems of high construction requirement, complicated construction process and high engineering cost of the current flexible photovoltaic support.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a flexible photovoltaic support erection unit, which comprises a plurality of supports and a bearing cable and a stay cable. The plurality of supports are arranged at intervals along a first laying direction; the plurality of supports comprise end supports located at both ends and a middle support located between the two end supports; the top of the end support is provided with an end anchorage node, and the top of the middle support is provided with a middle anchorage node; the two ends of the bearing cable are connected with the end support through the end anchorage node, and the middle of the bearing cable is connected with the middle support through the middle anchorage node; the two end supports are anchored to the ground through the stay cable; the middle support comprises an A-shaped support and a column, the A-shaped support is arranged at the convex part of the terrain and / or the concave part of the terrain, and the column is arranged at the flat part of the terrain.

[0007] Beneficial effects: the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit provided by the application can simplify the structure of the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit, reduce the construction difficulty, and ensure the stability of the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit and improve the bearing capacity by adopting different anchor nodes, connecting the end support through the end anchor node and the bearing cable, connecting the middle support through the middle anchor node and the bearing cable, and setting the A-shaped support or the column between the middle supports according to the different terrains. The flexible photovoltaic support erection unit provided by the application has simple structure, clear force transmission, simple construction process, and can reduce the engineering cost.

[0008] In an alternative embodiment, the middle anchor node comprises a mounting plate arranged at the top of the A-shaped support and at least one U-shaped bolt arranged on the mounting plate, a through channel is formed between the U-shaped bolt and the mounting plate, the bearing cable passes through the through channel, and the U-shaped bolt is tightened on the mounting plate to fixedly connect the bearing cable with the middle support.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, the mounting plate of the middle anchor node located at the upper convex part of the terrain is an upper convex arc-shaped plate.

[0010] And / or, the mounting plate of the middle anchor node located at the lower concave part of the terrain is a lower concave arc-shaped plate.

[0011] And / or, the mounting plate of the middle anchor node located at the flat part of the terrain is a flat plate.

[0012] In an alternative embodiment, a first backing plate is arranged on the mounting plate, the first backing plate is made of a material with smooth surface, and the U-shaped bolt fixes the bearing cable on the first backing plate.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the middle anchor node further comprises at least two supporting plates arranged at the top of the A-shaped support, and the mounting plate is arranged on the supporting plates.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, the end anchor node comprises a groove plate vertically arranged at the top of the end support and a second backing plate arranged on the first end face of the groove plate, the second backing plate is provided with a first through hole in communication with the groove cavity of the groove plate, and the end of the bearing cable passes through the groove cavity of the groove plate and the first through hole of the second backing plate and is anchored with the second backing plate through the first anchor.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the end anchor node comprises a third backing plate arranged on the second end face of the groove plate, the third backing plate is provided with a second through hole, the second through hole and the first through hole are arranged in a staggered manner, the upper end of the inclined cable passes through the second through hole and is anchored with the third backing plate through the second anchor, and the lower end of the inclined cable is anchored with the ground.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, two inclined cables are connected to one stand, and two second through holes are provided in correspondence, and the two second through holes are located on two sides of the groove plate.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the end anchoring node further comprises an upwardly protruding bent plate, the bent plate is connected to the top of the stand, the bottom of the groove plate is a bent surface matched with the bent plate, and the groove plate and the bent plate are fixedly connected.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, the included angle between the inclined cable and the bearing cable is equal to the bending angle of the bent plate.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the first laying direction is a direction from the top of a mountain to the foot of the mountain.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a photovoltaic system comprising the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit in any of the above technical solutions, and a cross beam and a photovoltaic panel assembly. A plurality of flexible photovoltaic support erection units are arranged in a second laying direction, and the second laying direction and the first laying direction are staggered. Adjacent supports are connected by a cross beam along the second laying direction, and the bearing cable is arranged on the cross beam. The photovoltaic panel assembly is carried by at least two adjacent bearing cables.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, the middle anchoring node is arranged on the cross beam.

[0022] In an alternative embodiment, adjacent flexible photovoltaic support erection units are grouped into a group, and adjacent end supports in the same group of flexible photovoltaic support erection units are connected by a cross brace and / or an inclined brace.

[0023] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a construction method of a photovoltaic system for the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit in any of the above technical solutions.

[0024] The construction method comprises the following steps:

[0025] Step S10, the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit comprises n supports, and the n supports are installed on the ground. Along the first laying direction, the supports are sequentially numbered as 1, 2, 3, …, n. The support has an initial position after installation, a working position after tensioning, and a design position. There is an offset δ between the top end of the initial position of each support and the top end of the design position, and the offset δ of the initial position to the design position of the i th support is δ i , 1≤i≤n;

[0026] The offset δ1 of the first support is calculated according to the following formula I,

[0027] Formula I

[0028] Wherein, Fx is the axial force of the cable, θ is the angle between the first bracket and the cable, H is the height of the column, E0 is the elastic modulus of the cable, I z is the moment of inertia of the bracket;

[0029] The first bracket is installed at an angle so that the top of its initial position is offset from the top of its designed position by δ1, and the first bracket is anchored to the ground by a stay cable;

[0030] Calculate the offset δ of each intermediate bracket according to the following formula II: i , 2≤i≤n-1;

[0031] Formula II

[0032] The offset δ of the nth bracket is calculated according to the following formula III: n ,

[0033] Formula III

[0034] In formula II and formula III, L i is the horizontal distance between the top of the i-th support and the top of the i-1-th support after the load-bearing cable is tensioned; E is the elastic modulus of the load-bearing cable, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the load-bearing cable, and F is the tension of the load-bearing cable in the self-equilibrium state after the prestress is applied;

[0035] Each bracket is installed tilted relative to the design position according to the offset δ, wherein the 1st to n-1st brackets are tilted in the opposite direction of the tensioning direction of the load-bearing cable, and the nth bracket is tilted in the tensioning direction of the load-bearing cable;

[0036] Step S20, tensioning the stay cables of the n-th bracket, and anchoring the n-th bracket to the ground through the stay cables;

[0037] Step S30: Install the load-bearing cables, which are connected to each bracket through anchoring nodes. Initial tensioning is performed on the load-bearing cables. During the tensioning process, the offset δ of the nth bracket is continuously monitored. n If the top of the bracket is found to be beyond the center line and deviating toward the photovoltaic side, the tensioning of the load-bearing cable should be stopped, and the inclined cable of the nth bracket should be tensioned again. The tensioning should be repeated alternately until the tension F of the load-bearing cable reaches the design value F0;

[0038] Step S40, install the photovoltaic panel assembly, and then tension the load-bearing cables for the second time, so that each bracket is close to the design position, the angular deviation between the working position of each bracket and the design position does not exceed 3°, the load-bearing cable tension F reaches the terminal value F1, and the deviation between F1 and F0 does not exceed 5%, completing the construction of the photovoltaic system, and the photovoltaic system is in a self-balanced load state.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a construction method of a photovoltaic system, and the flexible photovoltaic support erecting unit is used in any of the above technical solutions.

[0040] The construction method comprises the following steps:

[0041] In step S100, the flexible photovoltaic support erecting unit comprises n supports, the n supports are installed on the ground, the supports are sequentially numbered as 1, 2, 3, …, n along a first laying direction, the support has an initial position after installation, a working position after tensioning, and a design position, there is an offset δ between the top end of the initial position of each support and the top end of the design position, and the offset δ of the initial position to the design position of the i th support is δ i , 1≤i≤n;

[0042] In the formula, the m th support at the middle position is vertically installed, i.e., δ m =0;

[0043] The offset δ of each middle support is calculated according to the following formula IV i , 2≤i≤n-1, i≠m;

[0044] The formula IV is as follows:

[0045] In the formula, L i is the horizontal distance between the top of the i th support and the top of the i-1 th support after the bearing cable is tensioned, E is the elastic modulus of the bearing cable, A is the cross-sectional area of the bearing cable, and F is the tension of the bearing cable in a self-balancing state after the prestress is applied;

[0046] Each support is installed relative to the design position according to the offset δ, and the remaining supports on both sides of the m th support are inclined toward the m th support;

[0047] In step S200, the stay cables are tensioned respectively, and the 1 st support and the n th support are anchored to the ground;

[0048] In step S300, the bearing cable is installed, the bearing cable is anchored and connected through the anchoring node, the bearing cable is tensioned away from the m th support at the 1 st support and the n th support, and the offset δ1 of the 1 st support and the offset δ n of the n th support are continuously monitored during the tensioning process, if it is found that the top of the end support exceeds the center line and deviates to the photovoltaic side, the tensioning of the bearing cable should be stopped, the stay cable of the end support should be tensioned again, and the tensioning is alternately performed until the tension F of the bearing cable reaches the design value F0;

[0049] Step S400, install the photovoltaic panel assembly, and then tension the load-bearing cables for the second time, so that each bracket is close to the design position, the angular deviation between the working position of each bracket and the design position does not exceed 3°, the load-bearing cable tension F reaches the terminal value F1, and the deviation between F1 and F0 does not exceed 5%, completing the construction of the photovoltaic system, and the photovoltaic system is in a self-balanced load state.

[0050] In a fifth aspect, the present invention further provides a construction method for a photovoltaic system, which is used for the flexible photovoltaic bracket erection unit of any one of the above technical solutions;

[0051] The construction method includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S1000: The flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit includes n brackets. The n brackets are installed on the ground. Along the first laying direction, the brackets are numbered 1, 2, 3, ... n in sequence. The brackets have an initial position after installation, a working position after tensioning, and a design position. There is an offset δ between the top of the initial position of each bracket and the top of the design position. The offset from the initial position of the i-th bracket to the design position is δ i , 1≤i≤n;

[0053] All the middle brackets are installed vertically, i.e., δ i =0, 2≤i≤n-1, the initial positions of the first and nth brackets after installation are both tilted toward the middle bracket;

[0054] The offset δ1 of the first bracket is calculated according to the following formula V:

[0055] Formula V

[0056] The offset δ of the nth bracket is calculated according to the following formula VI: n ,

[0057] Formula VI

[0058] Wherein, L1 is the horizontal distance between the top of the first bracket and the top of the second bracket after the load-bearing cable is tensioned; E is the elastic modulus of the load-bearing cable, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the load-bearing cable, and F is the tension of the load-bearing cable in the self-balanced state after the prestress is applied;

[0059] Step S2000: tensioning the stay cables of the two end brackets and anchoring the two end brackets to the ground;

[0060] Step S3000: loosen the anchor node and install the load-bearing cable, which can freely shuttle in the anchor node; preliminarily tension the load-bearing cables of the two end brackets respectively; during the tensioning process, continuously pay attention to the offset δ1 of the first bracket and the offset δ of the nth bracket. nIf the top of the end bracket is found to be beyond the center line and deviated toward the photovoltaic side, the tensioning of the load-bearing cable should be stopped, and the tensioning of the inclined cable of the end bracket should be carried out again. The tensioning should be repeated alternately until the tension F of the load-bearing cable reaches the design value F0;

[0061] Step S4000: Install the photovoltaic panel assembly and then tension the load-bearing cables for the second time, so that each bracket is close to the design position, the angular deviation between the working position of each bracket and the design position does not exceed 3°, the load-bearing cable tension F reaches the terminal value F1, and the deviation between F1 and F0 does not exceed 5%. Finally, the anchor node and each bracket are locked and connected, and the photovoltaic system is in a self-balanced load state.

[0062] Beneficial effects: The three photovoltaic system construction methods provided by the present invention are beneficial to controlling construction accuracy and improving construction speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0064] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an A-shaped bracket located at an upper convex part of the terrain in a flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0066] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at the middle edge 2-2;

[0067] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the U-bolt and the mounting plate;

[0068] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view at the middle edge 2a-2a;

[0069] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view at the middle edge 2b-2b;

[0070] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an A-shaped bracket located in a concave area of ​​the terrain in a flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit;

[0071] Figure 8Structural schematic view of erecting a post at a flat place of a terrain in a flexible photovoltaic support erection unit;

[0072] Figure 9 Structural schematic view of Figure 8 Structural schematic view of

[0073] Figure 10 Structural schematic view of Figure 9 Structural schematic view of

[0074] Figure 11 Structural schematic view of an end support and an end anchoring node;

[0075] Figure 12 Structural schematic view of Figure 11 Structural schematic view of

[0076] Figure 13 Structural schematic view of Figure 11 Structural schematic view of

[0077] Figure 14 Structural schematic view of step S10 in a construction method of a first photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Figure 15 Structural schematic view of Figure 14 Structural schematic view of positions before and after tensioning of a third support;

[0079] Figure 16 Structural schematic view of step S20 in a construction method of a first photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] Figure 17 Structural schematic view of Figure 16 Structural schematic view of positions before and after tensioning of a first support;

[0081] Figure 18 Structural schematic view of Figure 16 Structural schematic view of positions before and after tensioning of a fifth support;

[0082] Figure 19 Structural schematic view of step S30 in a construction method of a first photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] Figure 20 Structural schematic view of step S40 in a construction method of a first photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] Figure 21 Structural schematic view of step S100 in a construction method of a second photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] Figure 22 Structural schematic view of step S200 in a construction method of a second photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] Figure 23 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of step S300 in the construction method of the second photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] Figure 24 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of step S400 in the construction method of the second photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 23 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of the fourth support before and after tensioning;

[0088] Figure 25 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of step S1000 in the construction method of the third photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] Figure 26 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of step S2000 in the construction method of the third photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] Figure 27 FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of step S3000 in the construction method of the third photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] Figure 28 FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of step S4000 in the construction method of the third photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] Figure 29 FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of step S5000 in the construction method of the third photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0093] Figure 30 FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0094] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0095] 1, support; 11, end support; 12, intermediate support; 121, A-shaped support; 1211, inclined column; 1212, inter-column support; 1213, tension beam; 122, upright column; 2, end anchoring node; 21, channel plate; 22, second backing plate; 23, first anchoring member; 24, third backing plate; 25, second anchoring member; 26, bent plate; 3, middle anchoring node; 31, mounting plate; 32, U-shaped bolt; 33, first backing plate; 34, support plate; 35, reinforcing rib plate; 4, bearing cable; 5, inclined cable; 10, flexible photovoltaic support erection unit; 20, cross beam; 30, photovoltaic panel assembly; 40, cross brace; 50, inclined brace; 60, high-strength bolt; 70, column top plate; 80, stiffening plate; 100, photovoltaic system; 1000, ground; 10001, upper convex portion; 10002, lower concave portion; 10003, flat portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0096] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0097] The embodiments of the present application are described below in combination with Figures 1 to 30 , the embodiments of the present application.

[0098] According to the embodiments of the present application, in one aspect, a flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10 is provided, comprising a plurality of supports 1, and a bearing cable 4 and a stay cable 5. The plurality of supports 1 are arranged at intervals along a first laying direction; the plurality of supports 1 comprise end supports 11 at two ends and middle supports 1 between the two end supports 11; the top of the end support 11 is provided with an end anchoring node 2, and the top of the middle support 1 is provided with a middle anchoring node 3; the two ends of the bearing cable 4 are connected with the end support 11 through the end anchoring node 2, and the middle of the bearing cable 4 is connected with the middle support 1 through the middle anchoring node 3; the two end supports 11 are anchored to the ground 1000 through the stay cable 5; the middle support 1 comprises an A-shaped support 121 and a column 122, the A-shaped support 121 is arranged at an upper convex part 10001 of the terrain and / or a lower concave part 10002 of the terrain, and the column 122 is arranged at a flat part 10003 of the terrain.

[0099] The flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10 provided by the present application can simplify the structure of the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10, reduce the construction difficulty, and ensure the stability of the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10 and improve the bearing capacity by dividing the support 1 into the end support 11 and the middle support 1, connecting the end support 11 through the end anchoring node 2 and the bearing cable 4, and connecting the middle support 1 through the middle anchoring node 3 and the bearing cable 4, and by arranging the A-shaped support 121 or the column 122 between the middle supports according to the different terrains.

[0100] Specifically, the first laying direction is a direction from the top of a mountain to the foot of the mountain. That is, the laying is performed along the slope of the mountain.

[0101] Because of the complex terrain of the mountain, uneven, all set as a column 122, bearing capacity is not enough, therefore, the embodiment is aimed at the change of terrain, in the terrain of the convex 10001 in the middle of the support 12 is set to A-shaped support 121, and, in the terrain of the concave 10002 in the middle of the support 12 is also set to A-shaped column, so that the middle support 12 in the terrain of the convex 10001 or concave 10002 can improve the stability and bearing capacity of the support 1. In the flat terrain 10003 of the middle support 12, a single column 122 is used, so that the single column 122 can meet the stability and bearing capacity, and simplify the overall structure of the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10, reduce the construction difficulty, and reduce the engineering cost.

[0102] The middle support 1 includes an A-shaped support 121 and a column 122, the A-shaped support 121 is arranged at the convex 10001 of the terrain and / or the concave 10002 of the terrain, and the column 122 is arranged at the flat terrain 10003, and the plane of the A-shaped support 121 is arranged along the passing direction of the bearing cable 4.

[0103] Specifically, the plane of the A-shaped support 121 is arranged along the passing direction of the bearing cable 4, the A-shaped support 121 includes two inclined columns 1211 connected at the top, because of the uneven terrain, the length of the inclined column 1211 at the low terrain is greater than the length of the inclined column 1211 at the high terrain, the A-shaped support 121 and the ground 1000 form a triangle, and the structure is stable.

[0104] In one embodiment, the A-shaped support 121 further includes a column-to-column support 1212 connected between the two inclined columns 1211, and the column-to-column support 1212 is arranged close to the middle of the inclined column 1211.

[0105] In one embodiment, the A-shaped support 121 further includes a tie beam 1213 connected to the bottom of the two inclined columns 1211. During construction, the tie beam 1213 is buried underground.

[0106] The structure of the middle anchoring node 3 is introduced below.

[0107] Referring to Figures 1 to 10 In one embodiment, the middle anchoring node 3 includes a mounting plate 31 arranged at the top of the A-shaped support 121 and at least one U-shaped bolt 32 arranged on the mounting plate 31, a passing channel is formed between the U-shaped bolt 32 and the mounting plate 31, the bearing cable 4 passes through the passing channel, and the U-shaped bolt 32 is tightened to the mounting plate 31 to fixedly connect the bearing cable 4 and the middle support 1.

[0108] Specifically, the middle anchoring node 3 in the embodiment is used to connect the top of the bearing cable 4 and the A-shaped support 121. The U-shaped bolt 32 is used. The U-shaped bolt 32 and the mounting plate 31 form a through channel. When the bearing cable 4 is installed, the bearing cable 4 passes through the bearing channel between the U-shaped bolt 32 and the mounting plate 31, and then the U-shaped bolt 32 is tightened, so that the bearing cable 4 and the A-shaped support 121 are fixedly connected.

[0109] The U-shaped bolt 32 can be set to a relaxed state or a fastened state. When the bearing cable 4 is prestressed and tensioned, the U-shaped bolt 32 is in the relaxed state, and the support 1 is in the initial geometric state, which is convenient for adjusting the displacement of the top of the support 1. After the photovoltaic module is installed and the secondary tensioning is completed, the U-shaped bolt 32 is set to the fastened state, and the entire structural system is in a stable working equilibrium state under the load.

[0110] In one embodiment, the mounting plate 31 of the middle anchoring node 3 located at the upper convex part 10001 of the terrain is an upper convex arc-shaped plate.

[0111] Since the mounting plate 31 arranged at the upper convex part 10001 of the terrain is an upper convex arc-shaped plate, the bearing cable 4 can bend along the upper convex arc-shaped plate to adapt to the upper convex terrain, so that the bearing cable 4 in the flexible photovoltaic support erecting unit 10 is smoothly transitioned at the upper convex node.

[0112] In one embodiment, the mounting plate 31 of the middle anchoring node 3 located at the lower concave part 10002 of the terrain is a lower concave arc-shaped plate.

[0113] Since the mounting plate 31 arranged at the lower concave part 10002 of the terrain is a lower concave arc-shaped plate, the bearing cable 4 can bend along the lower concave arc-shaped plate to adapt to the lower concave terrain, which has the same effect as the upper convex arc-shaped plate, so that the bearing cable 4 in the flexible photovoltaic support erecting unit 10 is smoothly transitioned at the lower concave node.

[0114] In one embodiment, the mounting plate 31 of the middle anchoring node 3 located at the flat part 10003 of the terrain is a flat plate.

[0115] The mounting plate 31 arranged at the flat part 10003 of the terrain is a flat plate, which adapts to the terrain, thereby ensuring that the bearing cable 4 in the flexible photovoltaic support erecting unit 10 is smoothly transitioned at each node.

[0116] In one embodiment, the first backing plate 33 is arranged on the mounting plate 31, the first backing plate 33 is made of a material with a smooth surface, and the U-shaped bolt 32 fixes the bearing cable 4 on the first backing plate 33.

[0117] Because the first pad 33 is provided on the mounting plate 31, the first pad 33 is in direct contact with the load-bearing cable 4, and the first pad 33 is made of a material with a smooth surface. Therefore, when the load-bearing cable 4 is installed, the load-bearing cable 4 moves in the passage formed between the U-bolt 32 and the first pad 33. Due to the smooth contact surface, wear on the surface of the load-bearing cable 4 can be avoided. Because the first pad 33 is provided on the mounting plate 31, the shape of the first pad 33 is compatible with the shape of the mounting plate 31. Specifically, when the mounting plate 31 is a convex arc-shaped plate, the first pad 33 is also a convex arc-shaped plate; when the mounting plate 31 is a concave arc-shaped plate, the first pad 33 is also a concave arc-shaped plate; when the mounting plate 31 is a flat plate, the first pad 33 is also a flat plate.

[0118] Specifically, in one embodiment, the first pad 33 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0119] In one embodiment, the middle anchoring node 3 further includes at least two support plates 34 disposed on the top of the A-shaped bracket 121 , and the mounting plate 31 is disposed on the support plates 34 .

[0120] By providing the support plate 34 , the mounting plate 31 and the load-bearing cables 4 mounted thereon can be supported. At the same time, by setting the height of the support plate 34 , the assembly height of the mounting plate 31 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the height of the load-bearing cables 4 .

[0121] Specifically, at least two support plates 34 are arranged at intervals.

[0122] In one embodiment, in order to further improve the support strength, a reinforcing rib plate 35 can be added between the two support plates 34 , the upper end surface of the reinforcing rib plate 35 is connected to the mounting plate 31 , and the lower end surface of the reinforcing rib plate 35 is connected to the A-shaped bracket 121 .

[0123] In the photovoltaic system 100 described later, adjacent intermediate supports 12 are connected by crossbeams 20. In this case, the central anchoring node 3 can be positioned on the crossbeam 20. This is more convenient to install and provides greater stability than directly positioning the central anchoring node 3 on the top of the intermediate supports 1. Specifically, the support plate 34 and the reinforcing rib plate 35 are positioned on the crossbeam 20, and the mounting plate 31 is connected to the top surfaces of the support plate 34 and the reinforcing rib plate 35.

[0124] The structure of the end anchoring node 2 is described below.

[0125] Reference Figures 11 to 13In one embodiment, the end anchoring node 2 comprises a groove plate 21 erected on the top of the end support 11 and a second pad plate 22 provided on the first end face of the groove plate 21, the second pad plate 22 is provided with a first through hole communicated with the groove cavity of the groove plate 21, the end of the bearing cable 4 passes through the groove cavity of the groove plate 21 and the first through hole of the second pad plate 22, and then is anchored by the first anchoring member 23 and the second pad plate 22.

[0126] Specifically, the groove plate 21 is a groove structure, having two opposite groove walls and a groove cavity between the two groove walls. By providing the groove plate 21, the two groove walls of the groove plate 21 can form support to facilitate the installation of the anchoring member. By using the groove cavity of the groove plate 21, the bearing cable 4 can be arranged, which can limit the bearing cable 4.

[0127] Specifically, the photovoltaic panel assembly 30 is arranged between the two end supports 11, and the first end face of the groove plate 21 refers to the end face of the side away from the photovoltaic panel assembly 30. The first anchoring member 23 comprises a bolt.

[0128] In one embodiment, the end anchoring node 2 comprises a third pad plate 24 provided on the second end face of the groove plate 21, the third pad plate 24 is provided with a second through hole, the second through hole and the first through hole are arranged in a staggered manner, the upper end of the stay cable 5 passes through the second through hole and is anchored by the second anchoring member 25 and the third pad plate 24, and the lower end of the stay cable 5 is anchored to the ground 1000.

[0129] Specifically, the second end face of the groove plate 21 is close to the side of the photovoltaic panel assembly 30, so that the upper end of the stay cable 5 can be fixed by the second anchoring member 25. Since the lower end of the stay cable 5 is anchored to the ground 1000, the horizontal component of the force exerted by the stay cable 5 on the end anchoring node 2 is opposite to the horizontal component of the force exerted by the bearing cable 4 on the anchoring node, so that by adjusting the tension of the stay cable 5 and the bearing cable 4, the end support 11 can be ensured to be stable in the vertical state, avoiding the end support 11 tilting towards one side, and ensuring that the force on the end support 11 is reasonable.

[0130] In one embodiment, one column 122 is connected with two stay cables 5, and two second through holes are correspondingly provided, and the two second through holes are respectively located on the two sides of the groove plate 21.

[0131] By connecting two stay cables 5, and the two stay cables 5 are respectively located on the two sides of the groove plate 21, and the bearing cable 4 is arranged in the groove cavity of the groove plate 21, therefore, the two stay cables 5 are respectively located on the two sides of the bearing cable 4, so that the force on the two sides of the end support 11 can be evenly distributed.

[0132] In one embodiment, the end anchoring node 2 further comprises an upwardly protruding bent plate 26, the bent plate 26 is connected to the top of the column 122, the bottom of the channel plate 21 is a bent surface matched with the bent plate 26, and the channel plate 21 and the bent plate 26 are fixedly connected.

[0133] The end anchoring support 1 is different from the middle support 1, the middle support 1 is only connected with the bearing cable 4, while the end anchoring support 1 is connected with both the bearing cable 4 and the inclined cable 5, therefore, the end anchoring node 2 is provided with the upwardly protruding bent plate 26, which facilitates the arrangement of the inclined cable 5 and the bearing cable 4, and ensures that the bent plate 26 will not interfere with the installation of the bearing cable 4 and the inclined cable 5. Specifically, the bent plate 26 comprises a first bent section close to the side of the photovoltaic panel assembly 30 and a second bent section away from the side of the photovoltaic panel assembly 30, the bending angle of the first bent section compared to the horizontal direction is set to adapt to the laying direction of the bearing cable 4, and similarly, the bending angle of the second bent section compared to the horizontal direction is set to adapt to the laying direction of the inclined cable 5.

[0134] In one embodiment, the included angle between the inclined cable 5 and the bearing cable 4 is equal to the bending angle of the bent plate 26.

[0135] In order to be able to bear the tension of the inclined cable 5 or the bearing cable 4 to the greatest extent, the second pad plate 22 anchoring the bearing cable 4 and the laying direction of the bearing cable 4, i.e. the tension direction, are perpendicular, and similarly, the third pad plate 24 anchoring the inclined cable 5 and the tension direction of the inclined cable 5 are perpendicular. The included angle between the inclined cable 5 and the bearing cable 4 is equal to the bending angle of the bent plate 26, which facilitates the assembly of the bearing cable 4 and the inclined cable 5, and makes the force on the end anchoring node 2 reasonable.

[0136] According to the embodiments of the present application, the second aspect further provides a photovoltaic system 100, referring to Figure 30 , comprising the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10 of any one of the above embodiments, and the cross beam 20 and the photovoltaic panel assembly 30. A plurality of flexible photovoltaic support erection units 10 are arranged at intervals along a second laying direction, and the second laying direction and the first laying direction are staggered; along the second laying direction, adjacent supports 1 are connected through the cross beam 20, the bearing cable 4 is arranged on the cross beam 20; and the photovoltaic panel assembly 30 is carried by at least two adjacent bearing cables 4.

[0137] Specifically, the second laying direction can be arranged along the waist line of the same terrain height of the mountain.

[0138] The two adjacent flexible photovoltaic support erection units 10 are connected through the cross beam 20, which can improve the lateral rigidity of the middle support 1. Meanwhile, the cross beam 20 can also support the photovoltaic panel assembly 30. The photovoltaic panel assembly 30 is arranged on at least two adjacent bearing cables 4 and is borne by the at least two bearing cables 4, or the photovoltaic panel assembly 30 is also arranged on the cross beam 20 and is borne by the at least two bearing cables 4 and the cross beam 20.

[0139] In one embodiment, the middle anchoring node 3 is arranged on the cross beam 20. Specifically, the top of the middle support 12 is provided with a column top plate 70, and the cross beam 20 is connected with the column top plate 70 of the middle support 12 through the high-strength bolt 60.

[0140] Since the cross beam 20 is arranged, the middle anchoring node 3 is arranged on the cross beam 20, so that the node is easy to install and more reliable.

[0141] Further, in order to ensure the connection strength between the cross beam 20 and the middle support 12, a stiffener plate 80 is arranged between the cross beam 20 and the middle support 12, the middle support 12 is provided with a mounting groove penetrating through the middle support 12, the stiffener plate 80 penetrates through the mounting groove and extends out at both ends. The top of the stiffener plate 80 is fixedly connected with the column top plate 70, and the stiffener plate 80 is fixedly connected with the middle support 12.

[0142] In one embodiment, the adjacent flexible photovoltaic support erection units 10 are grouped two by two, and the adjacent end supports 11 in the same group of flexible photovoltaic support erection units 10 are connected through the cross brace 40 and / or the inclined brace 50.

[0143] Specifically, the top of the two end supports 11 in the same group is connected through the cross brace 40. The upper end of the inclined brace 50 is connected with the top of one end support 11, and the lower end of the inclined brace 50 is connected with the bottom of the other end support 11. The inclined brace 50 can be arranged in one or two, which can be determined according to the construction requirements.

[0144] According to the embodiments of the present application, the third aspect also provides a construction method of a photovoltaic system 100, which is used for the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10 in any of the above technical solutions.

[0145] Referring to Figures 14 to 20 , the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0146] In step S10, the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10 comprises n supports 1, the n supports 1 are installed on the ground 1000, and the supports 1 are sequentially numbered as 1, 2, 3, …, n along a first laying direction. The support 1 has an initial position after installation, a working position after tensioning, and a design position. There is an offset δ between the top end of the initial position of each support 1 and the top end of the design position. The offset δ of the initial position to the design position of the i-th support isi , 1≤i≤n;

[0147] The offset δ1 of the first support is calculated according to the following Formula I,

[0148] Formula I

[0149] where F is the axial force of the cable 5, θ is the included angle between the first support and the cable 5, H is the height of the column, E0 is the elastic modulus of the cable 5, and I x is the moment of inertia of the support 1. z

[0150] The first support is installed at an inclination such that the offset of the top end of the initial position of the first support from the top end of the designed position of the first support is δ1, and the first support is anchored to the ground 1000 by the cable 5.

[0151] The offset δ of each intermediate support 12 is calculated according to the following Formula II, i , 2≤i≤n-1.

[0152] Formula II

[0153] The offset δ of the n-th support 1 is calculated according to the following Formula III, n

[0154] Formula III

[0155] In Formulas II and III, L i is the horizontal distance between the top of the i-th support 1 and the top of the i-1-th support 1 after the bearing cable 4 is tensioned, E is the elastic modulus of the bearing cable 4, A is the cross-sectional area of the bearing cable 4, and F is the tension of the bearing cable 4 in the self-balanced state after the prestress is applied.

[0156] Each support 1 is installed at an inclination with respect to the designed position by the offset δ, wherein the first to n-1-th supports 1 are inclined in the direction opposite to the tensioning direction of the bearing cable 4, and the n-th support 1 is inclined in the tensioning direction of the bearing cable 4.

[0157] Step S20, tensioning the cable 5 of the n-th support 1 and anchoring the n-th support 1 to the ground 1000 by the cable 5.

[0158] Step S30, installing the bearing cable 4, anchoring the bearing cable 4 to each support 1 by the anchoring node, and performing initial tensioning on the bearing cable 4 while continuously monitoring the offset δ n ​​If the top end of the support 1 is found to deviate from the center line to the photovoltaic side, the tension of the bearing cable 4 should be stopped, and the tension of the cable-stayed cable 5 of the nth support 1 should be performed again, and the tension is alternately performed until the tension F of the bearing cable 4 reaches the design value F0;

[0159] In step S40, the photovoltaic panel assembly 30 is installed, and the bearing cable 4 is tensioned for the second time, so that each support 1 is close to the design position, the angle deviation between the working position of each support 1 and the design position is not more than 3°, the tension F of the bearing cable 4 reaches the final value F1, the deviation between F1 and F0 is not more than 5%, the construction of the photovoltaic system 100 is completed, and the photovoltaic system 100 is in a self-balancing load state.

[0160] Specifically, the construction method provided in the embodiment is described by taking a flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10 including five supports 1 as an example. That is, n = 5.

[0161] In step S10, the supports are numbered as ①, ②, ③, ④ and ⑤ in the direction from the top of the mountain to the foot of the mountain; the offset δ1 of the first support is calculated according to the following formula I,

[0162] Formula I

[0163] Wherein, F x is the axial force of the cable-stayed cable 5, θ is the included angle between the first support and the cable-stayed cable 5, H is the height of the column, E0 is the elastic modulus of the cable-stayed cable 5, I z is the moment of inertia of the support 1;

[0164] The first support is installed at an inclination so that the offset between the top end of the initial position and the top end of the design position is δ1, and the first support is anchored to the ground 1000 by the cable-stayed cable 5;

[0165] The offsets δ2, δ3 and δ4 of the intermediate supports 12 are calculated according to the formula,

[0166]

[0167]

[0168]

[0169] The offset δ5 of the fifth support is calculated according to the above formula III,

[0170]

[0171] Each support 1 is installed at an inclination relative to the design position according to the offset δ, wherein the first to fourth supports 1 are inclined in the opposite direction of the tensioning direction of the bearing cable 4, and the fifth support is inclined in the tensioning direction of the bearing cable 4;

[0172] Step S20, tension the cable 5 of the fifth support, and anchor the fifth support to the ground 1000 through the cable 5;

[0173] Step S30, install the bearing cable 4, anchor the bearing cable 4 to each support 1 through the anchor node, and perform initial tensioning on the bearing cable 4. When the bearing cable 4 is tensioned, the length of the bearing cable 4 will increase, and all the supports 1 will tilt towards the design position. It can be understood that the return directions of the first to fourth supports and the fifth support are opposite. During the tensioning process, the offset δ5 of the fifth support is continuously monitored. If it is found that the top end of the support deviates towards the photovoltaic side beyond the center line, the tensioning of the bearing cable 4 should be stopped, and the tensioning of the cable 5 of the fifth support should be performed again. The tensioning is alternately performed until the tension F of the bearing cable 4 reaches the design value F0.

[0174] Step S40, install the photovoltaic panel assembly 30, and perform second tensioning on the bearing cable 4, so that each support 1 is close to the design position, the angle deviation between the working position of each support 1 and the design position is not more than 3°, the tension F of the bearing cable 4 reaches the termination value F1, the deviation between F1 and F0 is not more than 5%, the construction of the photovoltaic system 100 is completed, and the photovoltaic system 100 is in a self-balancing load state.

[0175] The construction method of the photovoltaic system 100 provided in the embodiment can ensure that each support 1 is close to the design position as much as possible and maintains the best working position by performing initial tensioning on the bearing cable 4 before the installation of the photovoltaic panel assembly 30 and performing second tensioning after the installation of the photovoltaic panel assembly 30. The construction method is simple, has high construction efficiency, and has high control precision.

[0176] The construction method of the photovoltaic system 100 provided in the embodiment can ensure that each support 1 is close to the design position as much as possible and maintains the best working position by performing initial tensioning on the bearing cable 4 before the installation of the photovoltaic panel assembly 30 and performing second tensioning after the installation of the photovoltaic panel assembly 30. The construction method is simple, has high construction efficiency, and has high control precision.

[0177] According to the embodiments of the present application, the fourth aspect also provides a construction method of a photovoltaic system 100 for the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10 in any of the above technical solutions;

[0178] With reference to Figures 21 to 25 The construction method comprises the following steps:

[0179] Step S100, the flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10 includes n supports 1, and the n supports 1 are installed on the ground 1000 along a first laying direction, and the supports 1 are sequentially numbered as 1, 2, 3, …, n; the support 1 has an initial position after installation, a working position after tensioning, and a design position, and there is a displacement δ between the top end of the initial position of each support 1 and the top end of the design position, and the displacement δ of the initial position to the design position of the i th support 1 is i , 1≤i≤n;

[0180] Wherein, the m th support 1 located in the middle position is vertically installed, that is, δ m =0;

[0181] The displacement δ of each middle support 12 is calculated according to the following formula IV i , 2≤i≤n-1, i≠m;

[0182] Formula IV

[0183] Wherein, L i is the horizontal distance between the top of the i th support 1 and the top of the i-1 th support 1 after the tensioning of the bearing cable 4; E is the elastic modulus of the bearing cable 4, A is the cross-sectional area of the bearing cable 4, and F is the tension of the bearing cable 4 in the self-balancing state after the prestress is applied;

[0184] Each support 1 is installed relative to the design position with a displacement δ, wherein the remaining supports 1 located on both sides of the m th support 1 are inclined towards the m th support 1;

[0185] Step S200, respectively tensioning the stay cable 5, and anchoring the first support and the n th support 1 to the ground 1000;

[0186] Step S300, installing the bearing cable 4, and the bearing cable 4 is anchored and connected with each support 1 through an anchoring node, and the bearing cable 4 is tensioned away from the m th support 1 at the first support and the n th support 1, and the displacement δ1 of the first support and the displacement δ n of the n th support 1 are continuously monitored during the tensioning process; if it is found that the top of the end support 11 deviates to the photovoltaic side beyond the center line, the tensioning of the bearing cable 4 should be stopped, and the tensioning of the stay cable 5 of the end support 11 should be performed again, and the tensioning is alternately performed until the tension F of the bearing cable 4 reaches the design value F0;

[0187] Step S400, install the photovoltaic panel assembly 30, and then perform a second tensioning on the bearing cable 4, so that each support 1 is close to the designed position, the angle deviation between the working position of each support 1 and the designed position is not more than 3°, the tension F of the bearing cable 4 reaches the final value F1, the deviation between F1 and F0 is not more than 5%, the construction of the photovoltaic system 100 is completed, and the photovoltaic system 100 is in a self-balancing load state.

[0188] It should be noted that when n is odd, m is the middle number, and when n is even, the middle two numbers are taken, that is, the offset of the two middle supports 1 is 0.

[0189] Specifically, the construction method provided in this embodiment is described by taking a flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10 including five supports 1 as an example. That is, n = 5. In the direction from the top of the mountain to the foot of the mountain, the supports are numbered as ①, ②, ③, ④, and ⑤.

[0190] Step S100, the third support ③ located at the middle position is installed vertically, that is, δ3 = 0;

[0191] According to the formula, the offsets δ1, δ2, δ4, and δ5 of the middle supports 12 are calculated,

[0192]

[0193]

[0194]

[0195]

[0196] According to the offset δ, each support 1 is installed obliquely relative to the designed position, wherein the remaining supports 1 located on both sides of the third support ③ are inclined towards the third support ③;

[0197] Step S200, respectively tension the inclined cables 5, and anchor the first support ① and the fifth support ⑤ to the ground 1000;

[0198] Step S300, install the bearing cable 4, and the bearing cable 4 is anchored and connected with each support 1 through the anchoring node. The bearing cable 4 is tensioned away from the third support ③ at the first support ① and the fifth support ⑤. During the tensioning process, the offset δ1 of the first support ① and the offset δ5 of the fifth support ⑤ are continuously monitored. If it is found that the top of the end support 11 deviates towards the photovoltaic side beyond the center line, the tensioning of the bearing cable 4 should be stopped, and the tensioning of the inclined cable 5 of the end support 11 should be performed again. The tensioning is alternately performed until the tension F of the bearing cable 4 reaches the designed value F0.

[0199] Step S400, install the photovoltaic panel assembly 30, and then perform a second tensioning on the bearing cable 4, so that each support 1 is close to the design position, the angle deviation between the working position of each support 1 and the design position is not more than 3°, the tension F of the bearing cable 4 reaches a final value F1, the deviation between F1 and F0 is not more than 5%, the construction of the photovoltaic system 100 is completed, and the photovoltaic system 100 is in a self-balancing load state.

[0200] The construction method of the photovoltaic system 100 provided in the embodiment can ensure that each support 1 is close to the design position as much as possible and maintains the best working position through the preliminary tensioning of the bearing cable 4 before the installation of the photovoltaic panel assembly 30 and the second tensioning after the installation of the photovoltaic panel assembly 30. The construction method is simple, has high construction efficiency, and has high control precision.

[0201] The construction method of the photovoltaic system 100 provided in the embodiment can ensure that each support 1 is close to the design position as much as possible and maintains the best working position through the preliminary tensioning of the bearing cable 4 before the installation of the photovoltaic panel assembly 30 and the second tensioning after the installation of the photovoltaic panel assembly 30. The construction method is simple, has high construction efficiency, and has high control precision.

[0202] According to the embodiments of the present application, the fifth aspect further provides a construction method of a photovoltaic system 100, which is used for the flexible photovoltaic support erecting unit 10 in any of the above technical solutions;

[0203] With reference to Figures 26 to 29 , the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0204] Step S1000, the flexible photovoltaic support erecting unit 10 comprises n supports 1, and the n supports 1 are installed on the ground 1000 along a first laying direction, and the supports 1 are sequentially numbered as 1, 2, 3, …, n; each support 1 has an initial position after installation, a working position after tensioning, and a design position, and there is an offset δ between the top end of the initial position of each support 1 and the top end of the design position, and the offset δ of the initial position of the i th support 1 to the design position is i , 1≤i≤n;

[0205] All the middle supports 1 are vertically installed, that is, δ i =0, 2≤i≤n-1, and the initial positions of the first support and the n th support 1 after installation are inclined toward the middle supports 1;

[0206] The offset δ1 of the first support is calculated according to the following formula V,

[0207] Formula V

[0208] The offset δ of the nth support 1 is calculated according to the following formula VI n ,

[0209] Formula VI

[0210] Wherein, L1 is the horizontal distance between the top of the first support and the top of the second support after the tensioning of the bearing cable 4; E is the elastic modulus of the bearing cable 4, A is the cross-sectional area of the bearing cable 4, and F is the tension of the bearing cable 4 in the self-balancing state after the prestress is applied;

[0211] Step S2000, tension the cable 5 of the two end supports 11, and anchor the two end supports 11 to the ground 1000;

[0212] Step S3000, release the anchoring node, install the bearing cable 4, and the bearing cable 4 can shuttle freely in the anchoring node; respectively, initially tension the bearing cable 4 of the two end supports 11; continuously pay attention to the offset δ1 of the first support and the offset δn of the nth support 1 during the tensioning process n If it is found that the top of the end support 11 deviates to the photovoltaic side beyond the center line, the tensioning of the bearing cable 4 should be stopped, and the tensioning of the cable 5 of the end support 11 should be performed again, and the tensioning is alternately performed until the tension F of the bearing cable 4 reaches the design value F0;

[0213] Step S4000, install the photovoltaic panel assembly 30, and perform the second tensioning of the bearing cable 4, so that each support 1 is close to the design position, the angle deviation between the working position of each support 1 and the design position is not more than 3°, the tension F of the bearing cable 4 reaches the termination value F1, the deviation between F1 and F0 is not more than 5%, finally, the anchoring node and each support 1 are locked and connected, and the photovoltaic system 100 is in a self-balancing load state.

[0214] Specifically, the construction method provided in the embodiment is described by taking a flexible photovoltaic support erection unit 10 including five supports 1 as an example. That is, n=5. In the direction from the top of the mountain to the foot of the mountain, the supports are numbered as ①, ②, ③, ④ and ⑤.

[0215] Step S1000, all the middle supports 1 are vertically installed, that is, δ2=0, δ3=0, and δ4=0, and the initial positions of the first support and the fifth support after installation are both inclined toward the middle supports 1;

[0216] According to the formula, the offset δ1 of the first support and the offset δ5 of the fifth support are calculated,

[0217]

[0218]

[0219] Step S2000, tensioning the cable 5 of the two end supports 11, and anchoring the two end supports 11 to the ground 1000;

[0220] Step S3000, loosening the anchoring node, i.e. unscrewing the U-shaped bolt 32, installing the bearing cable 4, the bearing cable 4 can shuttle freely in the anchoring node; respectively, initially tensioning the bearing cable 4 of the two end supports 11; continuously paying attention to the offset amount δ1 of the first support and the offset amount δ5 of the fifth support during the tensioning process, if it is found that the top of the end support 11 deviates from the center line to the photovoltaic side, the tensioning of the bearing cable 4 should be stopped, and the tensioning of the cable 5 of the end support 11 should be performed again, and the tensioning is alternately performed until the tension F of the bearing cable 4 reaches the design value F0;

[0221] Step S4000, installing the photovoltaic panel assembly 30, and performing second tensioning on the bearing cable 4, so that each support 1 is close to the design position, the angle deviation between the working position of each support 1 and the design position is not more than 3°, the tension F of the bearing cable 4 reaches the termination value F1, the deviation between F1 and F0 is not more than 5%, finally, the anchoring node and each support 1 are locked and connected, and the photovoltaic system 100 is in a self-balancing load state.

[0222] The construction method of the photovoltaic system 100 provided in the embodiment is that each support 1 is installed obliquely according to the offset amount, so that when the bearing cable 4 is tensioned, each support 1 is reset to the design position by the tension of the bearing cable 4, and it is ensured that each support 1 can be at the design position after tensioning. Specifically, the design position is the best working position, and each support 1 at the design position is vertical.

[0223] The construction method of the photovoltaic system 100 provided in the embodiment is that the bearing cable 4 is initially tensioned before the photovoltaic panel assembly 30 is installed, and is secondly tensioned after the photovoltaic panel assembly 30 is installed, so that each support 1 can be as close as possible to the design position and maintain the best working position. The construction method provided in the embodiment adjusts the tightness of the column top U-shaped bolt 32, and the adjustment work of the top offset of the middle support 1 during initial installation of the support 1 is omitted, the theoretical calculation work and the on-site installation workload are significantly reduced, the structural tensioning efficiency of the bearing cable 4 is high, the precision is easy to control, and the construction efficiency is improved.

[0224] The three construction methods of the photovoltaic system 100 provided in the application are corresponding construction methods proposed in combination with the characteristics and requirements of the photovoltaic system 100, which simplifies the construction and reduces the engineering cost. The application is beneficial to control the construction precision and improve the construction speed.

[0225] While embodiments of the application have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments of the various figures, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, and that such modifications and changes fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit, characterized in that: include: A plurality of brackets, wherein the plurality of brackets are spaced apart along a first laying direction; the plurality of brackets include end brackets located at both ends and a middle bracket located between the two end brackets; the tops of the end brackets are provided with end anchoring nodes, and the tops of the middle brackets are provided with middle anchoring nodes; A load-bearing cable, wherein both ends of the load-bearing cable are connected to the end brackets through the end anchoring nodes, and the middle portion of the load-bearing cable is connected to the middle bracket through the middle anchoring node; A stay cable, wherein both end brackets are anchored to the ground via the stay cable; The middle support includes an A-shaped support and a column, wherein the A-shaped support is arranged at a convex part of the terrain and / or a concave part of the terrain, and the column is arranged at a flat part of the terrain; The middle anchoring node includes a mounting plate provided on the top of the A-shaped bracket and at least one U-shaped bolt provided on the mounting plate, a through-channel is formed between the U-shaped bolt and the mounting plate, the load-bearing cable passes through the through-channel, and the U-shaped bolt is tightened on the mounting plate to fix the load-bearing cable to the middle bracket; The end anchoring node includes a slot plate erected on the top of the end bracket and a second pad provided on a first end surface of the slot plate, the second pad being provided with a first through hole communicating with the slot cavity of the slot plate, the end of the load-bearing cable passing through the slot cavity of the slot plate and the first through hole of the second pad, and then being anchored to the second pad via a first anchor; The end anchoring node includes a third pad provided on the second end surface of the trough plate, the third pad having a second through hole, the second through hole being staggered with the first through hole, the upper end of the inclined cable passing through the second through hole and then being anchored to the third pad via a second anchor, and the lower end of the inclined cable being anchored to the ground; One of the upright columns is connected to two of the inclined cables, and two corresponding second through holes are provided, and the two second through holes are respectively located on both sides of the slot plate; The end anchoring node also includes an upwardly protruding bending plate, the bending plate is connected to the top of the column, the bottom of the groove plate is a bending surface adapted to the bending plate, and the groove plate and the bending plate are fixedly connected.

2. The flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting plate of the middle anchoring node located at the convex part of the terrain is an upward convex arc-shaped plate; And / or, the mounting plate of the middle anchor node located in the concave portion of the terrain is a concave arc-shaped plate; And / or, the mounting plate of the middle anchor node located at the flat part of the terrain is a flat plate.

3. The flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A first pad is provided on the mounting plate. The first pad is made of a material with a smooth surface. The U-bolt fixes the load-bearing cable to the first pad.

4. The flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The middle anchoring node further includes at least two support plates arranged on the top of the A-shaped bracket, and the mounting plate is arranged on the support plates.

5. The flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the inclined cable and the load-bearing cable is equal to the bending angle of the bending plate.

6. The flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first laying direction is from the top of the mountain to the foot of the mountain.

7. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that: include: The flexible photovoltaic bracket erection unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a plurality of the flexible photovoltaic bracket erection units are arranged at intervals along the second laying direction, and the second laying direction and the first laying direction are staggered; A crossbeam, wherein adjacent supports are connected along the second laying direction by the crossbeam, and the load-bearing cable is provided on the crossbeam; A photovoltaic panel assembly is supported by at least two adjacent supporting cables.

8. The photovoltaic system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The middle anchoring node is arranged on the crossbeam.

9. The photovoltaic system according to claim 7, characterized in that: Adjacent flexible photovoltaic bracket erection units are grouped in pairs. In the same group of flexible photovoltaic bracket erection units, adjacent end brackets are connected by horizontal braces and / or diagonal braces.

10. A construction method for a photovoltaic system, characterized in that: A flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit for use in any one of claims 7 to 9; The construction method comprises the following steps: Step S10: The flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit includes n brackets, which are installed on the ground. Along the first laying direction, the brackets are numbered 1, 2, 3, ... n in sequence; the brackets have an initial position after installation, a working position after tensioning, and a design position. There is an offset δ between the top of the initial position of each bracket and the top of the design position. The offset from the initial position of the i-th bracket to the design position is δ i , 1≤i≤n; The offset δ1 of the first bracket is calculated according to the following formula I: Formula I , Among them, F x is the axial force of the cable, θ is the angle between the first bracket and the cable, H is the height of the column, E0 is the elastic modulus of the cable, I z is the moment of inertia of the bracket; The first bracket is installed at an angle so that the top of its initial position is offset from the top of its designed position by δ1, and the first bracket is anchored to the ground by a stay cable; Calculate the offset δ of each intermediate bracket according to the following formula II: i , 2≤i≤n−1; Formula II , The offset δ of the nth bracket is calculated according to the following formula III: n , Formula III , In formula II and formula III, L i After the cable is tensioned, the top of the i-th bracket and the i-th bracket are 1 horizontal distance from the top of the bracket; E is the elastic modulus of the load-bearing cable, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the load-bearing cable, and F is the tension of the load-bearing cable in the self-balanced state after the prestress is applied; Each bracket is installed tilted relative to the design position according to the offset δ, where the 1st to n-1st brackets are tilted in the opposite direction of the tensioning direction of the load-bearing cable, and the nth bracket is tilted in the tensioning direction of the load-bearing cable; Step S20, tensioning the stay cables of the n-th bracket, and anchoring the n-th bracket to the ground through the stay cables; Step S30: Install the load-bearing cables, which are connected to each bracket through anchoring nodes. Initial tensioning is performed on the load-bearing cables. During the tensioning process, the offset δ of the nth bracket is continuously monitored. n If the top of the bracket is found to be beyond the center line and deviating toward the photovoltaic side, the tensioning of the load-bearing cable should be stopped, and the inclined cable of the nth bracket should be tensioned again. The tensioning should be repeated alternately until the tension F of the load-bearing cable reaches the design value F0; Step S40, install the photovoltaic panel assembly, and then tension the load-bearing cables for the second time, so that each bracket is close to the design position, the angular deviation between the working position of each bracket and the design position does not exceed 3°, the load-bearing cable tension F reaches the terminal value F1, and the deviation between F1 and F0 does not exceed 5%, completing the construction of the photovoltaic system, and the photovoltaic system is in a self-balanced load state.

11. A construction method for a photovoltaic system, characterized in that: A flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit for use in any one of claims 7 to 9; The construction method comprises the following steps: Step S100: The flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit includes n brackets, which are installed on the ground. Along the first laying direction, the brackets are numbered 1, 2, 3, ... n in sequence; the brackets have an initial position after installation, a working position after tensioning, and a design position. There is an offset δ between the top of the initial position of each bracket and the top of the design position. The offset from the initial position of the i-th bracket to the design position is δ i , 1≤i≤n; Among them, the mth bracket located in the middle is installed vertically, that is, δ m =0; Calculate the offset δ of each intermediate bracket according to the following formula IV: i , 2≤i≤n−1, i≠m; Official IV , Among them, L i After the cable is tensioned, the top of the i-th bracket and the i-th bracket are 1 horizontal distance from the top of the bracket; E is the elastic modulus of the load-bearing cable, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the load-bearing cable, and F is the tension of the load-bearing cable in the self-balanced state after the prestress is applied; Each bracket is installed tilted relative to the designed position according to the offset δ, wherein the remaining brackets on both sides of the m-th bracket are tilted toward the m-th bracket; Step S200: tensioning the stay cables respectively to anchor the first support and the nth support to the ground; Step S300: Install the load-bearing cables, which are connected to each bracket through anchoring nodes. Pull the load-bearing cables at the first bracket and the nth bracket respectively in the direction away from the mth bracket. During the tensioning process, keep an eye on the offset δ1 of the first bracket and the offset δ of the nth bracket. n If the top of the end bracket is found to be beyond the center line and deviated toward the photovoltaic side, the tensioning of the load-bearing cable should be stopped, and the tensioning of the inclined cable of the end bracket should be carried out again. The tensioning should be repeated alternately until the tension F of the load-bearing cable reaches the design value F0; In step S400, the photovoltaic panel assembly is installed, and the load-bearing cables are tensioned for the second time, so that each bracket is close to the design position, the angular deviation between the working position of each bracket and the design position does not exceed 3°, the load-bearing cable tension F reaches the terminal value F1, and the deviation between F1 and F0 does not exceed 5%. The construction of the photovoltaic system is completed, and the photovoltaic system is in a self-balanced load state.

12. A construction method for a photovoltaic system, characterized in that: A flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit for use in any one of claims 7 to 9; The construction method comprises the following steps: Step S1000: The flexible photovoltaic bracket installation unit includes n brackets, which are installed on the ground. Along the first laying direction, the brackets are numbered 1, 2, 3, ... n in sequence; the brackets have an initial position after installation, a working position after tensioning, and a design position. There is an offset δ between the top of the initial position of each bracket and the top of the design position. The offset from the initial position of the i-th bracket to the design position is δ i , 1≤i≤n; All the middle brackets are installed vertically, i.e., δ i =0, 2≤i≤n−1, the initial positions of the first and nth brackets after installation are both tilted toward the middle bracket; The offset δ1 of the first bracket is calculated according to the following formula V: Official V , The offset δ of the nth bracket is calculated according to the following formula VI: n , Official VI , Wherein, L1 is the horizontal distance between the top of the first bracket and the top of the second bracket after the load-bearing cable is tensioned; E is the elastic modulus of the load-bearing cable, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the load-bearing cable, and F is the tension of the load-bearing cable in the self-balanced state after the prestress is applied; Step S2000: tensioning the stay cables of the two end brackets and anchoring the two end brackets to the ground; Step S3000: loosen the anchor node and install the load-bearing cable, which can freely shuttle in the anchor node; preliminarily tension the load-bearing cables of the two end brackets respectively; during the tensioning process, continuously pay attention to the offset δ1 of the first bracket and the offset δ of the nth bracket. n If the top of the end bracket is found to be beyond the center line and deviated toward the photovoltaic side, the tensioning of the load-bearing cable should be stopped, and the tensioning of the inclined cable of the end bracket should be carried out again. The tensioning should be repeated alternately until the tension F of the load-bearing cable reaches the design value F0; Step S4000: Install the photovoltaic panel assembly and then tension the load-bearing cables for the second time, so that each bracket is close to the design position, the angular deviation between the working position of each bracket and the design position does not exceed 3°, the load-bearing cable tension F reaches the terminal value F1, and the deviation between F1 and F0 does not exceed 5%. Finally, the anchor node and each bracket are locked and connected, and the photovoltaic system is in a self-balanced load state.

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