Three-roller maize thresher

Abstract

The application discloses a three-roller corn thresher, and particularly relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, which comprises a machine box, three threshing rollers, a power transmission mechanism, a multi-sensor system, a controller and a material collecting box, the three threshing rollers are arranged in a regular triangle in the machine box and form two threshing spaces with the inner side wall of the machine box, the power transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the three threshing rollers, the material collecting box is detachably connected with the machine box and used for receiving corn kernels in the machine box, the multi-sensor system comprises a power transmission sensor group arranged in the power transmission mechanism and used for monitoring the use state of the power transmission mechanism, a pressure sensor arranged in the material collecting box and used for monitoring the weight of materials in the material collecting box, and an infrared visual sensor arranged in the machine box and used for monitoring the wear state of the three threshing rollers, and the power transmission mechanism and the multi-sensor system are both in signal connection with the controller. The application can realize real-time monitoring during equipment operation, reduce the accident rate, improve the complete threshing rate of corn and reduce the breakage rate of corn.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a three-roller corn thresher. BACKGROUND

[0002] Corn is one of the main crops in China, which can be used in food, feed and industrial production fields. As one of the indispensable agricultural equipment in agricultural production, the corn thresher has high automation degree, low energy consumption and high development space.

[0003] The corn thresher is used for separating corn kernels and corn cobs after dehydration and drying. At present, the commonly used corn thresher is a roller thresher. The traditional single-roller corn thresher has poor threshing effect when threshing corn, and there are still corn kernels on the threshed corn cobs, and the threshing efficiency is low. The gear is an important part of the transmission system of the roller thresher, and the failure of the gear will cause abnormal rotation of the threshing roller, and then cause the equipment to malfunction. Moreover, after long-term use of the roller thresher, the threshing roller will be worn out, and when the threshing roller is worn to a certain extent, the threshing roller needs to be replaced to avoid the problems of high corn kernel breakage or low corn threshing rate. However, in the actual use process, the wear degree of the threshing roller or the gear is usually judged by the operator through observation of the condition of the corn kernels or the corn cobs, and the wear condition of the threshing roller or the gear cannot be found in time, so the threshing roller or the gear cannot be replaced in time, which is easy to cause safety accidents, and the corn threshing rate is low and the corn breakage rate is high. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a three-roller corn thresher to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which can monitor in real time during equipment operation, reduce the accident rate, improve the corn threshing rate and reduce the corn breakage rate.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0006] The application provides a three-roller corn thresher, which comprises a machine box, three threshing rollers, a power transmission mechanism, a multi-sensor system, a controller and a material collecting box, the three threshing rollers are installed in the machine box, the axes of the three threshing rollers are arranged in a regular triangle, and the three threshing rollers and the inner side wall of the machine box form two threshing spaces, the power transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the three threshing rollers and can drive the three threshing rollers to rotate around their own axes, the material collecting box is detachably connected with the machine box and is used for receiving corn kernels in the machine box, the multi-sensor system comprises a power transmission sensor group, a pressure sensor and an infrared visual sensor, the power transmission sensor group is installed in the power transmission mechanism and is used for monitoring the use state of the power transmission mechanism, the pressure sensor is installed in the material collecting box and is used for monitoring the weight of materials in the material collecting box, and the infrared visual sensor is installed in the machine box and is used for monitoring the wear state of the three threshing rollers, and the power transmission mechanism and the multi-sensor system are in signal connection with the controller.

[0007] Preferably, the three-roller corn thresher further comprises a feeding hopper and a discharging hopper, the machine box comprises a machine box base and a machine box cover which is detachably connected with the machine box base, the machine box cover is provided with a feeding port and a discharging port at two ends, the feeding hopper is connected with the feeding port, the feeding hopper is provided with a feeding guide plate, the feeding guide plate divides the feeding hopper into a first feeding part and a second feeding part, the first feeding part and the second feeding part are respectively in communication with one of the threshing spaces, the discharging hopper is connected with and in communication with a corncob discharging port of the machine box, a sieve plate for making corn kernels fall is installed in the machine box base and is located below the three threshing rollers, the machine box base is provided with a discharging port below the sieve plate, the material collecting box is detachably connected with the machine box base, and the discharging port is in communication with the material collecting box.

[0008] Preferably, the multi-sensor system further comprises a visual sensor, the visual sensor is in signal connection with the control panel, and the visual sensor is installed in the machine box cover and is used for monitoring the clogging state of the sieve plate.

[0009] Preferably, the power transmission mechanism comprises a power device and a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly comprises a gear belt set and an engagement gear set, the gear belt set comprises a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a belt, the output end of the power device is fixedly connected with the driving pulley, the driving pulley is in transmission connection with the driven pulley through the belt, the engagement gear set comprises a gear box and a central gear and three transmission gears which are installed in the gear box, the three transmission gears are in engagement connection with the central gear, the rotation axes of the three transmission gears are arranged in a regular triangle, the three transmission gears are respectively fixedly connected with the three threshing rollers, and the driven pulley is fixedly connected with the central gear through a transmission shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the power transmission sensor group comprises a temperature sensor and a wear sensor, the temperature sensor is installed in the gear box for monitoring the temperature of gear lubricating oil, and the wear sensor is installed in the gear box for monitoring the wear state of gears.

[0011] Preferably, the threshing roller comprises a threshing cylinder and a transmission shaft, the threshing cylinder is fixedly sleeved outside the transmission shaft, both ends of the transmission shaft are fixed on the machine box through bearings, and the outer side wall of the threshing cylinder is provided with roller pegs.

[0012] Preferably, the outer side wall of the threshing cylinder is uniformly provided with a plurality of roller peg groups in the circumferential direction, and one roller peg group comprises a plurality of roller pegs arranged equidistantly in the axial direction.

[0013] Preferably, the roller pegs on adjacent threshing cylinders are staggered.

[0014] The present application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0015] The present application provides a three-roller corn thresher, the axes of three threshing rollers with the same size are installed in a machine box, and the three threshing rollers are arranged in a regular triangle and form two threshing spaces with the inner side wall of the machine box, corn can be threshed in the two threshing spaces, the contact between the corn and the roller pegs is more sufficient, the impact force and efficiency of the roller pegs on the corn kernels are improved, the corn can be fully extruded and collided under the joint action of the threshing roller and the inner wall of the machine box, the rate of corn cob threshing is improved, the breakage rate of corn is reduced, the working efficiency of the corn thresher is improved, the required energy consumption is low, a power transmission sensor group is installed in a power transmission mechanism for monitoring the use state of the power transmission mechanism, whether the power transmission mechanism is abnormal can be determined in time, the normal work of the three-roller corn thresher is ensured, a pressure sensor is installed in a material collecting box for monitoring the weight of the material in the material collecting box, the filling degree of the material collecting box can be determined, the material collecting box can be processed in time, an infrared visual sensor can monitor the wear state of the three threshing rollers in time and be replaced in time, the rate of corn threshing is ensured, the breakage rate of corn is reduced, the working state of the thresher is monitored in real time, the operation risk and maintenance cost can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1The structural schematic diagram of the three-roller corn thresher of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 The arrangement schematic diagram of the three-roller corn thresher of the present application in the machine box;

[0019] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the machine box seat of the three-roller corn thresher of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the power transmission mechanism of the three-roller corn thresher of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the three-roller corn thresher of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 The multi-sensor system control flow chart of the three-roller corn thresher of the present application.

[0023] In the figure: 1-machine box; 2-machine box cover; 3-machine box seat; 4-material collecting box; 5-feeding hopper; 6-feeding guide plate; 7-discharging hopper; 8-gear box; 9-discharging port; 10-discharging port; 11-machine frame; 12-sieve plate; 13-sliding rail; 14-power equipment; 15-driving pulley; 16-driven pulley; 17-belt; 18-rotary shaft; 19-center gear; 20-transmission gear; 21-threshing roller; 22-bearing; 23-transmission shaft; 24-threshing cylinder; 25-roller peg; 26-temperature sensor; 27-wear degree sensor; 28-infrared vision sensor; 29-pressure sensor; 30-vision sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0025] The present application aims to provide a three-roller corn thresher to solve the problems in the prior art, to monitor in real time during the operation of the equipment, to reduce the accident rate, to improve the threshing rate of corn and to reduce the breakage rate of corn.

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] The present application provides a three-roller corn thresher, as Figures 1-2As shown, including the machine box 1, three threshing roller 21, power transmission mechanism, multi-sensor system, controller and material collecting box 4, three threshing roller 21 is installed in the machine box 1, the axis of three threshing roller 21 is arranged in an equilateral triangle, and three threshing roller 21 and the inner side wall of the machine box 1 form two threshing spaces, the power transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with three threshing roller 21 and can drive three threshing roller 21 to rotate around its own axis, the material collecting box 4 is detachably connected with the machine box 1 and is used for receiving corn kernels in the machine box 1, the multi-sensor system includes a power transmission sensor group, a pressure sensor 29 and an infrared visual sensor 28, the power transmission sensor group is installed in the power transmission mechanism for monitoring the use state of the power transmission mechanism, the pressure sensor 29 is installed in the material collecting box 4 for monitoring the weight of the material in the material collecting box 4, the infrared visual sensor 28 is installed in the machine box 1 for monitoring the wear state of three threshing roller 21, and the power transmission mechanism and the multi-sensor system are in signal connection with the controller.The axes of the three same-size threshing rollers 21 are installed in the machine box 1, and the three threshing rollers 21 are arranged in a regular triangle and form two threshing spaces with the inner side wall of the machine box 1, so that the corn can be threshed in the two threshing spaces, the corn is more fully contacted with the pegs 25, the hitting force and efficiency of the pegs 25 on the corn kernels are improved, the corn can be fully extruded and collided under the joint action of the threshing roller 21 and the inner wall of the machine box 1, so that the threshing rate of the corn cob is improved, the breakage rate of the corn is reduced, the working efficiency of the corn thresher is improved, the required energy consumption is lower, the power transmission sensor group is installed in the power transmission mechanism for monitoring the use state of the power transmission mechanism, whether the power transmission mechanism is abnormal can be determined in time, the normal work of the three-roller corn thresher is ensured, the power transmission sensor judges the use of the power transmission mechanism, and the conclusion signal is transmitted to the central control template, so that whether the power transmission mechanism needs to be stopped for maintenance is conveniently judged, the pressure sensor 29 is installed in the material collecting box 4 for monitoring the weight of the material in the material collecting box 4, the filling degree of the material collecting box 4 can be judged, and the material in the material collecting box 4 is treated in time, so that the material in the material collecting box 4 is not treated in time, the machine box 1 is blocked, and equipment failure is caused, when the corn kernels fall into the material collecting box 4 to a certain height, a certain pressure is generated on the inner wall, when the filling reaches a certain height, the pressure sensor 29 transmits a signal to the upper computer, the upper computer transmits a stop signal of the power transmission mechanism to the central control template, and the corn kernels are collected after stopping; when the real-time pressure data is less than the rated pressure data, the monitoring is continued; the infrared visual sensor 28 can timely monitor the wear state of the three threshing rollers 21 and timely replace, so that the threshing rate of the corn is ensured and the breakage rate of the corn is reduced, the infrared visual sensor 3028 scans the threshing roller 21 through infrared global scanning, judges the wear condition of the pegs 25, transmits a signal to the upper computer, compares the wear conditions, transmits a decision signal to the central control template, and decides whether to click to stop for inspection; the three-roller corn thresher in the working state is monitored in real time, the running risk and maintenance cost of the equipment are reduced.

[0028] It is further preferred in the embodiment of the application that the three-roller corn thresher further comprises a feeding hopper 5 and a discharging hopper 7, the machine box 1 comprises a machine box seat 3 and a machine box cover 2 detachably connected with the machine box seat 3, the machine box cover 2 is provided with a feeding port and a discharging port 9 at two ends, the feeding hopper 5 is connected with the feeding port, the feeding hopper 5 is provided with a feeding guide plate 6, the feeding guide plate 6 divides the feeding hopper 5 into a first feeding part and a second feeding part, the first feeding part and the second feeding part are respectively communicated with a threshing space, through the design of the feeding guide plate 6, the corn can enter the two side threshing spaces respectively, the blockage of the corn at the feeding port is prevented, the normal operation of the corn thresher is affected, the working efficiency is improved, the discharging hopper 7 is connected and communicated with the corn cob discharging port 9 of the machine box 1, like Figure 3As shown, the machine box seat 3 is provided with a sieve plate 12 for making the corn kernels fall, the sieve plate 12 is located below the three threshing rollers 21, the machine box seat 3 is provided with a discharge port 10 below the sieve plate 12, the machine box seat 3 is provided with a sliding rail 13 on the bottom surface, the collecting box 4 is detachably connected with the machine box seat 3 through the sliding rail 13, and the discharge port 10 is communicated with the collecting box 4. Through the setting of the sieve plate 12, the separated corn kernels and corncobs after threshing can be collected and arranged; and the threshing rollers 21 and the sieve plate 12 jointly act on the corn to squeeze, rub and knock the corn, improve the threshing rate, and guide the corncob to be discharged from the discharge port 9 of the machine box 1. Further preferably, the sieve plate is made of a curved concave plate, and the middle part of the concave plate is processed to be hollow to form a circular hole. The machine box 1 and the gear box 8 can be fixed on the rack 11 made of angle iron.

[0029] Further preferably in the embodiment of the application, the multi-sensor system further comprises a visual sensor 30 connected with the control template signal, and the visual sensor 30 is installed in the cover 2 of the machine box 1 for monitoring the clogging state of the sieve plate. The visual sensor 30 identifies whether the sieve holes of the sieve plate 12 are clogged, and when more than half of the sieve holes are clogged, a signal is transmitted to the upper computer to generate a warning, and the upper computer transmits a decision to the central control template to stop the machine, and the staff needs to maintain the machine.

[0030] Further preferably in the embodiment of the application, as shown in the figure, Figure 4 The power transmission mechanism comprises a power device 14 and a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly comprises a gear belt 17 group and a meshing gear group, the gear belt 17 group comprises a driving pulley 15, a driven pulley 16 and a belt 17, the output end of the power device 14 is fixedly connected with the driving pulley 15, the driving pulley 15 is drivingly connected with the driven pulley 16 through the belt 17, the meshing gear group comprises a gear box 8 and a central gear 19 and three transmission gears 20 installed in the gear box 8, the three transmission gears 20 are all meshingly connected with the central gear 19, and the rotation shafts 18 of the three transmission gears 20 are arranged in a regular triangle, the three transmission gears 20 are respectively fixedly connected with the three threshing rollers 21, and the driven pulley 16 is fixedly connected with the central gear 19 through a transmission shaft 23. Through the setting of the gear box 8, the cleaning during the gear meshing process is ensured, the gears are better protected, and the maintenance cost is reduced. The power device 14 is preferably an electric motor.

[0031] Further preferred in the embodiments of the present application is that the power transmission sensor group comprises a temperature sensor 26 and a wear sensor 27, the temperature sensor 26 is installed in the gear box 8 for monitoring the temperature of the gear lubricating oil, the temperature sensor 26 judges the use of the lubricating oil by collecting the temperature of the lubricating oil, and transmits the conclusion signal to the central control template, so as to facilitate the judgment of whether to replace the lubricating oil, and the motor is stopped when the temperature is too high; the wear sensor 27 is installed in the gear box 8 for monitoring the wear state of the gear, the wear sensor oPCom is provided with threads and can be directly integrated into the gear box 8, the accumulation degree, size and time of metal chips are monitored online, the wear and damage of the equipment are detected early, and the signal can be transmitted to the upper computer to judge whether the gear wear needs to be repaired or replaced through neural network training.

[0032] Further preferred in the embodiments of the present application is that, as shown in Figure 5 The threshing roller 21 comprises a threshing drum 24 and a transmission shaft 23, the threshing drum 24 is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 23, both ends of the transmission shaft 23 are fixed on the machine box 1 through bearings 22, the inner ring of the bearing 22 is connected with the transmission shaft 23, the outer ring of the bearing 22 is connected with the bearing seat of the machine box 1, and the outer side wall of the threshing drum 24 is provided with roller pegs 25.

[0033] Further preferred in the embodiments of the present application is that a plurality of roller peg groups 25 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer side wall of the threshing drum 24, one roller peg group 25 comprises a plurality of roller pegs 25 arranged at equal distances in the axial direction, and the roller pegs 25 on adjacent threshing drums 24 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the phenomenon of collision of the roller pegs 25 is avoided, and the striking force and efficiency of the roller pegs 25 on the corn kernels are higher.

[0034] When the three-roller corn thresher is used, corn is fed into the feed inlet by hand, and the corn enters the left and right two threshing spaces in the machine box 1 through the first feed part and the second feed part respectively for threshing, the motor rotates to drive the driving pulley 15, the belt 17 transmits power to the driven pulley 16, the driven pulley 16 drives the rotating shaft 18 and the central gear 19 to rotate, the central gear 19 is engaged with the three transmission gears 20, and the three threshing rollers 21 are driven to rotate. The corn in the machine box 1 is extruded and struck by the threshing roller 21 and the inner wall of the machine box 1, and is pushed forward while being threshed, the corn kernels fall into the collecting box 4 through the sieve plate 12 in the striking process, and the corn cobs are discharged from the discharge port 9 of the thresher through transmission.

[0035] As shown in Figure 6 The multi-sensor system control flow chart is shown, the power is reset, the whole machine system is initialized, each sensor starts to collect data signals, the signals are transmitted to the upper computer for processing, analysis and decision, whether the motor is powered off, the decision signal is transmitted to the central control template, and the central control template decides the working behavior of the motor.

[0036] The central control template obtains corresponding data, judges through a neural network in the upper computer according to the data, and controls the motor to perform corresponding operations:

[0037] When the central control template obtains the real-time pressure data sent by the pressure sensor 29, the neural network model is used to judge whether the real-time pressure data is greater than or equal to the rated pressure data: yes, at this time, the filling in the aggregate bin 4 reaches a certain height, a stop running instruction is sent to the driving motor, the motor receives the stop running instruction and performs corresponding operations; no, the corresponding judgment is continued;

[0038] When the central control template obtains the real-time temperature signal sent by the temperature sensor 26, the neural network model is used to judge whether the temperature signal reaches the highest temperature required by the gear running for lubricating oil: yes, at this time, the high temperature of the lubricating oil in the gear box 8 will affect the meshing operation of the gear system, a stop running instruction is sent to the driving motor, the motor receives the stop running instruction and performs corresponding operations; no, the corresponding judgment is continued;

[0039] When the central control template obtains the data sent by the infrared visual sensor 28, the neural network model is used to analyze the imaging data, the upper computer digitally displays the wear amount of each tooth, and analyzes whether there is a seriously worn tooth at the current time: yes, the seriously worn tooth is counted, and the next step is executed; no, the corresponding judgment is continued; whether the count is greater than or equal to the rated number: yes, a stop running instruction is sent to the driving motor, the motor receives the stop running instruction and performs corresponding operations; no, the corresponding judgment is continued.

[0040] When the central control template obtains the data transmitted by the visual sensor 30, the upper computer judges the imaging, and whether the screen hole of the screen 12 is blocked more than half of the material accumulation: yes, a stop running command is sent to the driving motor, the motor receives the stop running instruction and performs corresponding operations; no, the corresponding operation is continued.

[0041] When the central control template obtains the data transmitted by the wear degree sensor 27, the upper computer analyzes the data through the neural network model, and the central control template judges whether the wear degree of the gear affects the meshing work: yes, a stop running command is sent to the driving motor, the motor receives the stop running instruction and performs corresponding operations; no, the corresponding operation is continued.

[0042] In the present application, specific examples are applied to illustrate the principles and implementation modes of the present application. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed. In view of the above, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A three-roller corn sheller characterized by: The device comprises a machine box, three threshing rollers, a power transmission mechanism, a multi-sensor system, a controller and a material collecting box. The three threshing rollers are installed in the machine box, the axes of the three threshing rollers are arranged in a regular triangle, and the three threshing rollers and the inner side wall of the machine box form two threshing spaces. The power transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the three threshing rollers and can drive the three threshing rollers to rotate around their own axes. The material collecting box is detachably connected with the machine box and is used for receiving corn kernels in the machine box. The multi-sensor system comprises a power transmission sensor group, a pressure sensor and an infrared visual sensor. The power transmission sensor group is installed in the power transmission mechanism and is used for monitoring the use state of the power transmission mechanism. The pressure sensor is installed in the material collecting box and is used for monitoring the weight of the material in the material collecting box. The infrared visual sensor is installed in the machine box and is used for monitoring the wear state of the three threshing rollers. The power transmission mechanism and the multi-sensor system are in signal connection with the controller. The device further comprises a feeding hopper and a discharging hopper. The machine box comprises a machine box seat and a machine box cover which is detachably connected with the machine box seat. Two ends of the machine box cover are provided with a feeding port and a discharging port. The feeding hopper is connected with the feeding port. The feeding hopper is provided with a feeding guide plate. The feeding guide plate divides the feeding hopper into a first feeding part and a second feeding part. The first feeding part and the second feeding part are respectively in communication with one of the threshing spaces. The discharging hopper is connected with and in communication with a corncob discharging port of the machine box. A sieve plate for making corn kernels fall is installed in the machine box seat and is located below the three threshing rollers. The machine box seat is provided with a discharging port below the sieve plate. The material collecting box is detachably connected with the machine box seat and the discharging port is in communication with the material collecting box. The multi-sensor system further comprises a visual sensor which is in signal connection with a control template and is installed in the machine box cover and is used for monitoring the clogging state of the sieve plate. The power transmission mechanism comprises a power device and a transmission assembly. The transmission assembly comprises a gear belt group and an engaging gear group. The gear belt group comprises a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a belt. The output end of the power device is fixedly connected with the driving pulley. The driving pulley is in transmission connection with the driven pulley through the belt. The engaging gear group comprises a gear box and a central gear and three transmission gears which are installed in the gear box. The three transmission gears are in meshing connection with the central gear and the rotational axes of the three transmission gears are arranged in a regular triangle. The three transmission gears are fixedly connected with the three threshing rollers respectively. The driven pulley is fixedly connected with the central gear through a transmission shaft. The power transmission sensor group comprises a temperature sensor and a wear degree sensor. The temperature sensor is installed in the gear box and is used for monitoring the temperature of gear lubricating oil. The wear degree sensor is installed in the gear box and is used for monitoring the wear state of gears.The dehulling roller comprises a dehulling cylinder and a transmission shaft, the dehulling cylinder is fixedly sleeved outside the transmission shaft, both ends of the transmission shaft are fixed on the machine box through bearings, and the outer side wall of the dehulling cylinder is provided with roller pegs; a plurality of roller peg groups are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer side wall of the dehulling cylinder, one roller peg group comprises a plurality of roller pegs arranged at equal distances in the axial direction, and the roller pegs on adjacent dehulling cylinders are arranged in a staggered mode.

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